CHIPP PhD Winter School 2011

- universe expansion in Newtonian gravity and GR
- Friedmann equation
- Hot Big Bang model 
- distances and horizons
- need for inflation

  * equilibrium distributions: number densities, energy densities, pressure
  * decoupling, relic abundance, hot and cold relics
  * neutrino decoupling and the neutrino background
  * photon decoupling, recombination and the CMB
  * BBN and light element abundance

  * equilibrium distributions: number densities, energy densities, pressure
  * decoupling, relic abundance, hot and cold relics
  * neutrino decoupling and the neutrino background
  * photon decoupling, recombination and the CMB
  * BBN and light element abundance

1. Theory of neutrino oscillations in vacuum;
2. Solar neutrino experiments;
3. Theory of neutrino oscillations in matter;
4. The KAMLAND reactor experiment;
5. Atmospheric neutrino experiments;
6. The CHOOZ reactor experiment;
7. Long baseline oscillation searches at accelerators;
8. Future projects: measurement of the theta_13 mixing angle.

1. Theory of neutrino oscillations in vacuum;
2. Solar neutrino experiments;
3. Theory of neutrino oscillations in matter;
4. The KAMLAND reactor experiment;
5. Atmospheric neutrino experiments;
6. The CHOOZ reactor experiment;
7. Long baseline oscillation searches at accelerators;
8. Future projects: measurement of the theta_13 mixing angle.

- overview of gauge ambiguity
- overview of adiabatic initial conditions
- overview of perturbation evolution in different regimes
- matter power spectrum and its dependence on cosmological parameters
- approaches for computing non-linear corrections
- large scale structure observations: galaxy surveys, cosmic shear 
 surveys, Lyman-alpha forests

- Sachs-Wolfe effect in instantaneous decoupling limit
- shape of CMB temperature spectrum in Fourier and harmonic space
- corrections from Silk damping and Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect 
- CMB temperature spectrum dependence on cosmological parameters
- overview of CMB observations from COBE to Planck

  * parameter estimation: likelihood, prior, posterior
  * Gaussian examples, Fisher matrix
  * MCMC methods
  * model selection

I.	Setting the Stage … Motivation for a Huge Machine
II.	The Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
III.	The ATLAS and CMS Experiments (and LHCb)
IV. 	Proton–Proton Collisions and Standard Model Physics
V.	Higgs and Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
VI.	LHC Searches for Physics Beyond the Standard Model
VII.	Outlook

I.	Setting the Stage … Motivation for a Huge Machine
II.	The Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
III.	The ATLAS and CMS Experiments (and LHCb)
IV. 	Proton–Proton Collisions and Standard Model Physics
V.	Higgs and Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
VI.	LHC Searches for Physics Beyond the Standard Model
VII.	Outlook

- generation of primordial perturbations
- slow-roll predictions for scalar and tensor perturbations
- classification of slow-roll inflationary models
- current constraints
- prospects (Planck and beyond)

- cosmic neutrino background (calculation of neutrino temperature left to 
Martin)
- free-streaming effect
- limits on neutrino density and masses
- limits on warm dark matter

  a) Observations, from GeV to 1e20 eV;
  b) Problem of the origin of CRs;
  c) Propagation of CRs in the Galaxy and in intergalactic medium;

  a) Relation between gamma-ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics;
  b) Astronomical observations from radio to gamma-ray band;
  c) Relevant particle acceleration and interaction mechanisms;
  d) Very high-energy neutrinos from astronomical sources?

  * Lambda-CDM and its problems
  * canonical scalar field models of dark energy
  * parametrisation of the DE equation of state, how to measure it (with special emphasis on using SN-Ia to probe the luminosity distance), current constraints
  * models that modify gravity
  * impact on perturbations in the Universe (e.g. growth of structure)
  * outlook (future experiments, e.g. Euclid)

  a) AGN phenomenology
  b) Blazars and radio galaxies
  c) AGN jets from Scharzschild radius to Mpc distances
  d) AGN as possible ultra-high-energy cosmic ray sources

Parallel and informal discussion sessions.

  a) Gravitational collapse of the cores of massive stars;
  b) Supernova phenomenon, neutrino emission, gamma-ray bursts;
  c) Stellar mass black holes and neutron stars;
  d) Supernova remnants and the origin of Galactic cosmic rays

  * Lambda-CDM and its problems
  * canonical scalar field models of dark energy
  * parametrisation of the DE equation of state, how to measure it (with special emphasis on using SN-Ia to probe the luminosity distance), current constraints
  * models that modify gravity
  * impact on perturbations in the Universe (e.g. growth of structure)
  * outlook (future experiments, e.g. Euclid)

  a) Present and planned cosmic ray detection facilities;
  b) Present and planned gamma-ray telescopes;
  c) Present and planned very-high-energy neutrino telescopes.