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  <title>Mr.</title>
  <name first="Jean-Yves" middle="" last="Le Meur"></name>
  <organization>CERN</organization>
  <email>jean-yves.le.meur@cern.ch</email>
  <userid>3</userid>
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</announcer>
<supportEmail caption="Support">chep06@tifr.res.in</supportEmail>
<title>CHEP 06</title>
<description>Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics</description>
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<closed>False</closed>
<location>
 <name>Tata Institute of Fundamental Research</name>
 <address>Homi Bhabha Road
Mumbai 400005
India</address>
 <room></room>
</location>
<startDate>2006-02-13T08:00:00</startDate>
<endDate>2006-02-17T19:30:00</endDate>
<creationDate>2004-12-02T15:40:08</creationDate>
<modificationDate>2012-03-01T11:03:30</modificationDate>
<timezone>Europe/Zurich</timezone>
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 <track>Computing Facilities and Networking</track>
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  <name>oral presentation</name>
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 <title>Quantifying the Digital Divide: A scientific overview of the connectivity of South Asian and African Countries</title>
 <speakers>
  <user>
   <title>Dr.</title>
   <name first="Roger" middle="" last="Cottrell"></name>
   <organization>Stanford Linear Accelerator Center</organization>
   <email>cottrell@slac.stanford.edu</email>
  </user>
 </speakers>
 <primaryAuthors>
  <user>
   <title>Mr.</title>
   <name first="Aziz" middle="" last="Rehmatullah"></name>
   <organization>Stanford Linear Accelerator Center</organization>
   <email>aziz@slac.stanford.edu</email>
  </user>
  <user>
   <title>Dr.</title>
   <name first="Roger" middle="" last="Cottrell"></name>
   <organization>Stanford Linear Accelerator Center</organization>
   <email>cottrell@slac.stanford.edu</email>
  </user>
 </primaryAuthors>
 <coAuthors>
  <user>
   <title>Mr.</title>
   <name first="Jerrod" middle="" last="Williams"></name>
   <organization>Stanford Linear Accelerator Center</organization>
   <email>jerrodw@slac.stanford.edu</email>
  </user>
  <user>
   <title>Dr.</title>
   <name first="Arshad" middle="" last="Ali"></name>
   <organization>NUST Institute of Information Technology</organization>
   <email>arshad.ali@niit.edu.pk</email>
  </user>
 </coAuthors>
 <location>
  <name>Tata Institute of Fundamental Research</name>
  <address>Homi Bhabha Road
Mumbai 400005
India</address>
  <room>D405</room>
 </location>
 <startDate>2006-02-13T16:20:00</startDate>
 <endDate>2006-02-13T16:40:00</endDate>
 <duration>00:20</duration>
 <abstract>The future of computing for HENP applications depends increasingly on how well the
global community is connected. With South Asia and Africa accounting for about 36% of
the world’s population, the issues of internet/network facilities are a major concern
for these regions if they are to successfully partake in scientific endeavors.
However, not only is the International bandwidth for these regions low, but also the
internal network infrastructure is poor, rendering these regions hard to access for
the global HENP community. In turn this makes collaborative research difficult and
high performance grid activities essentially impractical. In this paper, we aim to
classify the connectivity for academic and research institutions of these regions as
a function of time, as seen from within, without and between the regions, and draw
comparisons with more developed regions. The performance measurements are carried out
using the PingER methodology; a lightweight approach using ICMP Ping packets. PingER
has measurements to sites in over 110 countries that contain over 99% of the world’s
Internet connected population and so is well-positioned to characterize the world’s
connectivity.  These measurements have been successfully used for quantifying,
planning, setting expectations for connectivity and for identification of problems.
The beneficiaries of this data range from international funding agencies and
executive-level planners to network administrators.</abstract>
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