The Neutral Ion Beam Injection will be used to further heat the plasma temperature to reach the ignition of the fusion reaction to producing energy in ITER project and some energy efficiency is required. Recently a very simple beam energy recovery based on space charge effect has been proposed as an alternative to the Electrostatic Ion Dump since had some advantages in removing the residual...
One of the most significant applications of plasma-based hydrogen negative ion (H-) sources is the production of high current, large area H-beams, which are used for the neural beam injection (NBI) system of a fusion plasma reactor like ITER. Such beams demand high density, uniform plasma (~10^12/cm^3 with variation limited to 10%) with low electron temperature (≤ 1 eV) generated over a large...
Hydrogen plasma with its multiple constituent species (H, H2 at ground and excited vibrational levels, H+, H2+, H3+, H-) offers a rich array of applications in diverse fields of science and technology such as in materials processing, production of ion beams for fusion plasma heating etc. In the present work, a combination of a solenoid and a set of five permanent ring magnets were used to...
The negative ion formation in the cesium sputter ion sources occurs on the surface of a cathode containing the ionized material. The cathode is covered by a thin layer of cesium (Cs), which lowers the work function of the surface enhancing the negative ion formation. Vogel [1] recently introduced a hypothesis that the negative ion current can be enhanced by exposing the cathode to a laser beam...