Okay, Welcome back everybody. We're gonna start this session right on time.
Great. So this is a special session where we are going to look at what happens may still happen in the Snowmass process.
Driven process for future. In the next year of the program over there.
In the next year of the energy physics program over there. And there were several groups, we had the high energy frontier.
The rare process frontier, between of them theatre, even more.
But we have three excellent speakers today we're gonna tell us personally from involved in these groups, what the news is on there for the extent that they could for long list, articles, so that everybody before we start with Simon, and he will talk about
the energy from fear, so much for your.
Yeah, good afternoon everyone. Good morning, whatever attempts to be in and see so I'm going to tell you a little bit about what's what the Snowmass LP section is going to look like for the energy report, at least for now.
So the convenience for this falls under what's called the four nine so that's energy from to working with nine, which is general exploration sort of it's like a grab bag for anything that's not dark matter or Susie effectively and so the convenience of
this working group are to the kids and Simoni. And so they subcontract that Juliet and myself to help a little bit when writing the LP section particular which one is what I'll focus on here.
So, the objective off of this thing is not to be an exhaustive summary of the progress and no BS for the benefit of the LP community we just don't have the space for that.
But it's meant, it's aimed at the sort of broader energy frontier community and emphasizing that LPs are born. And so they're very motivated and places to look for new physics, which, you know, one of the things we're using is of course usual, the usual
plot by by Brian.
To illustrate that this is a generic thing that you can expect.
As well as that they cannot be taken for granted. So in the sense that we need to the high looming upgrades to the strong physics case for some utility detectors.
And when you're building or considering a future accelerator detector facility, you have to think in advance, about the needs of LPs in particular about tractor construction triggering and so forth.
So also provide a few very limited set of benchmarks or we can compare different, different facilities and experiments with each other.
Based on what was submitted.
And finally we summarize the LP related contributions to Snowmass and so this will all be inputted a big energy frontier summary report that will come out later.
So specifically, energy frontier nine is called more channel exploration so LPs is one part of it as two other major sub sections one is just new, new bows and some heavy resonance so these are your iz primes and whatnot.
And then heavy fermion so these are vector like fermion spiritual leptons and so forth, fall in the new fermion category, and then we have along with particles which have some overlap course we didn't have it too.
And so this report was some along with particles are also in year 4248 and here for 10 years or two is solid kings the case.
eight is model specific searches will be asked to be on the standard model of physics so mostly supersymmetry composite eggs.
And here for 10 is dark matter.
And so this report is being merged it should be almost complete. Now, with that of year for eight and a year from nine into one large summary report for bsm at the energy frontier.
And so section nine is at least what is now section nine is as long as particles in here see an outline of this section so looking a little bit more closely we have three sub sections one is about strategies and detectors.
As as far as the main detectors go. And so this is necessarily focused on highlighting upgrades as well as some general considerations of what you would need at a future Collider, whether it's left on our Hadron Collider or necessarily a little bit more
vague and the things that we already know for the RNC.
There's a short subsection outline what are the various dedicated detectors for LPs and why we think that they are.
And it's very important compliment to the main detectors of the Elysee and what the various reaches are and so forth. And then a few handful of benchmarks to wrap up at the end and so the whole thing is about 11 pages right now.
And it shouldn't grow much beyond that anymore.
So, as far as strategy and detector r&d is concerned, I think the vast majority of what's in here is, is not going to be new to the lb community it's relatively obvious stuff but it's stuff that needs to be emphasized we think to the rest of the community
in the sense that they might not necessarily think about that when they're not working on the little piece.
Frequently so so for example political identification is extremely valuable for us like things like the DX time of flight etc.
which we have the Alexi but we should not take for granted and these capabilities will will be maintained at the future facility and it's important to emphasize that vertex resolution for example if you low so fantastic lie detector and support is also
going to be important.
And there are things like triggers, and so forth.
As far as a strong versus aside from strong versus a two week production we also mentioned that not all colliders are born equal when it comes to, to LP LP is because it's qualitatively harder to look at long as particles at the hadron or your machine.
And so if one such machines are being concerned and challenges our background challenges are more severe and we need to make sure that they can mitigate it in the detective design, but hopefully most of the things that are in this section are going to
be fairly well known to the people that are dialed into this talk over here.
For the dedicated detectors. So we emphasize, why they are complementing the reach of Atlas CMS and OECB, and what the differences between having Central and forward detectors in terms of the center of mass at which the me at which the LP is being produced,
and they emphasizes that external external detectors are more aimed at.
In most cases more aimed at somewhat lighter LPs as compared to what outlets and see myself doing with the exception of Mitchell's line some scenarios and then we also include we include these two this is this plot that we include to illustrate a point.
And here is a plot of, I think, made by Matthew at some point.
Just over outlining the whole spectrum of proposals in a month.
So we group these things as follows for forward central charged and future colliders and so this is the every detector here is getting roughly a paragraph.
We don't have a lot of space for plots and things like that so apologies for that.
Space is very limited.
I put out reacts in brackets, we just just mentioned, but it's not really discussed in the sense that the moment it doesn't look like there's a strong path forward for this experiment given the upgrade plans of the Elise experiment.
But so that's sort of what this section, looks like.
So of course the sensitivity plus of all of these things are very important and, to a large extent, they're included in either in the next section or in the, in the RFP six report that define your we'll talk about in a bit.
So for signatures yeah we had to be very selective again we only have room for a handful lots. And so specifically that means that for light longer particles for which there's a lot of stuff we restrict ourselves to things that are made an Excel to kick
case since we were talking mostly that the support is mostly focused on the energy frontier. And that means that things like dark photons and have any problems and so forth. They are mentioned are being discussed with the actual sensitivity plots.
I believe our featured in order for six and I think the funniest might tell us a little bit more about this later and of course we will cross reference to make sure that people can easily find those the sensitivity curves for cello piece.
We felt that the disappearing track searches a very generic and very radically motivated search and so we included that so this is a summary plot that we compiled as a function of the lifetime of the church you know versus the muscle church universe is
the lifetime specifically making it easy no here. For these various collider options that were submitted into dashed line here is the
is the purity Xena lifetime so if you just had a natural splitting of things, you know, putting this together. This was put together, assuming, assuming that you live on this, This dashed line over here.
This was put together for for all these quieter options by policy and company in this paper and so this plot is also produced here, where you see the dashed line is sort of the dark matter.
But the preferred documented benchmark, the indirect detection line of a healer a scary and that's just because this is not a very natural way of plotting the indirect detection limits because they come in from a different angle in some way so there's
lots of caveats corresponding to these green bar, and those caveats have been explained in the text, but we felt that be be good to include them anyways, just for completeness sake.
But the fact that his green bars here doesn't mean that the rest of these things are useless.
And we try to explain that carefully for light LPs. We have one benchmark of expert became to to skate to live scalars as light particles s one where we set the branch relation to me wants to be 100% with a half a gv miles and the other one where we became
mostly the hadron so these are solar to, quote unquote, more extreme cases in some sense in terms of what the branching ratios can be.
And so in blue, you see the existing searches, and then the the other colors are various proposals. So in some cases we only have two lifetime points so that's what you see here for instance for the CMS counting analysis on the left.
And so you, that doesn't mean that there's no sensitivity in between you sort of have to mentally interpolate and put the lines over here.
So a few comments here so we included this, so not all searches were like a specific or the same must point so we have to do some sort of, you know, sensible extrapolations in some point and so we included all the searches that we were comfortable extrapolating
and of those week with most of the strongest ones, specifically for hadron this there's a few more. But they either at much higher masses, or it isn't the weekend on the Today Show over here.
There are studies on their way in particular for my Tuzla also for this left hand panel, which is not yet completed but it gets completed will add that as well, that they should fear is because it's a relatively light particle the opening angles can be
small and it's not obvious how that can be reconstructed given the tracking resolution of various detectors that's why it's a bit more challenging than the lower right hand side, there were high Leumi results in particular for this one over here.
Projections router. However, the actual analysis was before it was made after the projections and it has already outperformed the projection so the projection is unfortunately not included.
Because it would be weaker than the current moment at the moment and so we don't have highly me extrapolations for these days.
So searches at the moment which is a bit unfortunate but it is what it is.
Yeah.
And then finally we have some plots about having a heavy long with particles so for a color.
We chose a really Susie's here a pretty pretty good benchmark in general. So we're going to look like look to get Galena here so you can have in mind.
Split Suzy scenario have a goal you know the king displaced two jets and and utterly know. And so this is the projection that we got from one of the analysts white papers.
Unfortunately, there was no we didn't find any corresponding result for future hydro machine so if we have missed something and you know about something please let us know and then we'll add that and we'll make a summary plot, including that as well.
And for Hz no longer with the examiner which could be either a gauge mediation or an RDP scenario.
This is a sunrise or we have like a click.
The current CMS search for displaced jet displays for dishes and an attractor, as well as some projection.
And then finally, for doc showers there's, there was a long white paper that exhaustively being compiled and so we just very briefly explain what dark showers are why they're important to look for.
And of course reference. The white paper and all the relevant references there, but it's it's all very condensed.
So that's essentially it, you will find, hopefully, either in the next few days, it might be already there on this link you will find the full bsm report so you want to look for Section nine.
For the OP section. And so the idea is that people can provide comments and feedback and support.
And you can submit that there will be like a Google form or a Google Doc link to this page where you can leave your comments.
It would be great if you can let us know who you are so that if we have you know when you make a comment so that if we have difficulty interpreting what you're saying that we can always get in touch and ask for clarification.
Feedback would be appreciated me sooner is always better but ideally before the Seattle meeting which will be mid July.
Yeah. Anyway, so that's all I have.
Thank you for summarizing this nicely.
I'm really gonna have some questions on this. I can have a first woman in this effort I mean I you know there were so many things to follow is low miles as possible.
Basically, all of everything, and then that's that's a summary. But, in your view was there anything during this study, specifically done for Snowmass which was something new.
I know for example. Yes, yes. And I was faces I think actors in the context of snow miles because that was the right moment before with other things maybe smaller that you didn't see your special effects or techniques or something along with particles
that that were discussed for helping them making the program either scroll.
Yeah, so I should have made a backup slide about that probably I there were a few white papers specifically about tracking especially track the track triggers.
Using.
You're also, not so much.
But not that you immediately can say that that's that's what I see.
Yes. So I wanted to quickly assignment about this 12 pages, because probably you said there are many caveats really just the caveats require more of a third base is that if someone wants to give you feedback.
Do these 12 pages include references because normally the points that we want my try to make would include like pointing out to a paper or some publication or documents.
No, no, 12 pages, don't include references and to the best of my knowledge.
There is no upper bound on references. Now, you know, you should all feel free to let us know if you feel that you should be cited, however, you know, we hope that the thing remains readable as well.
Right. And I get the point but you know sometimes it's much easier when I mean it in a paragraph to work basis it distorts everything but just a little bit was discussing the fiction blog this other paper yes yes yes exactly yeah so the ideas right now
so again like we're looking at the hope is that it's somewhat for looking text right.
And maybe maybe we're due for another review of of what the state of the art is and LPs in our field but that's not what this is going to be.
But yeah, so of course if there are things that are important going for for the future of the program that were missed I mean that's the that's why the report is made public, before it's it's made final, so that we can, and especially if you know some
of the things that are included if they're not represented properly.
We'd like to know and because this was put together as you as you know in a relatively short amount of time so it's very plausible that things were missed or not represented in the most optimal optimal fashion.
Thank you.
Just to maybe quickly add Simon and I really tried to do at least site everything that would be relative mean with that is relevant. And if we miss something we really want to include it so please let us know, as Simon said
we were talking earlier on the life for example I guess that's not yet, something that's been mentioned in the report so far that question to both of you.
So, ever have a hard time hearing you. Can you.
I don't know, maybe, I don't know if
you heard before, some of you that are IDs, or, or be detected.
Like,
You're asking something about the new detector ideas but I'm not sure that I can tell that you're very, you're very far from Michael. Can
you hear me now or not so good. Yeah, doesn't matter yeah okay yeah put away the that's the question was on the Juliet you you were also there before the on the delights detector is that already something that that manages to get a sentence in there or
not yet, is it close that. That's a concept of having like a Methuselah closed by Central detector, but you need an extended hole for that first these things.
For the FCC hh that's on its way down yes yes yeah that's right and so there is a even managed to manage to go back.
Yeah, so there is a subsection here about future colliders, which there is a number of papers that were written about this in the last year and a half, both for sec E and F G H H, which discuss these and so they were not in the context of numbers that
are included anyways.
included anyways. And we have some general consideration of things you might want to think about especially if for instance, how to run machine and it's quite, you know, it's probably very well motivated to do this.
Given that at the moment we don't know if we can, to the best of my knowledge we don't know if we can look for longer particles at 100. tv header machine right it's not, you know, it's not known that you can do that with the central detectors at the moment
given possible backgrounds. Well for a laptop machine.
I think the case probably requires a little bit more study in the sense that the triggers will, it will be essentially, what I'm being told to trigger Let's read out, and you'd have very good reconstruction probably very low backgrounds.
So, for your external detected to beat your main detector, it might have to be very large. Before innovate for routine, like a central detector in particular might not be as useful, and let the machine, and then it would be 100 machine.
So those are some general thoughts are included. Okay. Thanks. Yeah.
Any final question. Yeah, I was just going to add that the talk and the, the paper that you're talking about, that includes the delight detector proposal.
It is included in our summary I just checked.
Okay sorry the light Okay, I didn't, I didn't catch that you were talking about the name of the detector rather than just like, like,
yeah. Any, Any final question for this contribution.
I see none so thanks Simon, and we go to define you.
On the report for the real processes related to our topic here.
Okay, so let me share this screen.
Can you see my screen looks all about me hear you, you're ready to go.
Okay, great.
Yeah. So, so thanks for for inviting me. This is going to be a summary of the activities so in the context of lonely particle so there are processes.
From chaos no matter from here.
So it doesn't even have a little presentation on it from here. So here you can see the frontier convenience.
And in this frontier. We have several topical groups that are listed here.
And then you can find also the corresponding topical convenience.
As you can see there are many different type of topics that are covered by these frontier in particular you can see some of our topics on the court flower physics lab flow with physics, as well as testing fundamental physics in small experiments, as well
as back sector set high intensities.
And for this talk and for the purpose of this workshop.
I'm going to to focus on lease at our RFC, so that I'm convening with Mike Williams.
And so just a little bit of detail on this topic or group.
So, here you can find the some some contacts so we have our web web pages Slack channel and the Middle East.
What do you think, although the goal is to achieve a broader to ethical and experiment and exploration of the physics of acceptance. And these are the sectors that are at or below the gv scalar.
Okay, so this is sort of a complimentary to what the sign on discussed for the energy frontier.
So we want to study that sectors, both from the theory point of view and experiment are going to be also we studied the set of benchmarks, with a with a do coveting as comprehensive as possible.
Covering as comprehensive as possible. Introducing signatures that we can, we want to search for high intensity experiments. And then there is the, the experiment Butler studies or the study of the experiments that can come from today physics of data
centers.
outdoors. And as we've seen the in the coming slides that I have six involves experiments from small to large and from dedicated to multiple.
Okay.
And
in terms of of white papers that we have prepared so last March, it was the deadline for for white papers so we recently received several contributed the white papers and now we are working and finalizing our final report.
And this report is organized around design schools and then questions, trying to really give an overview of all these contributions that we have received the last March, and to organize our work around the science questions, we have,
we have divided the physics in these three big ideas questions.
So the first big idea is really focus on backmarker. So the idea is to detector documented particle production, with a focus on segments targets. And here you can see the editors.
The second question is, how to explore the structure that acceptor by producing and detecting unstable particles with a focus on meaning on port on interactions.
And then finally, this sort of the big question is what happens if we go beyond the meaning Marla model so so we have it each level structured or in genetics.
Each structure of the doc center.
And then finally we have a fourth. Sorry to be solicited white paper that is focused on summarizing or decelerate experiments in facilities that contribute to our understanding of the physics or duck sectors.
Now, in each of these big idea.
We have discussion of the physics of long relief particles. That's why I also introduce this or Lisa three big, big ideas.
along the practical. So first of all our, our in our f6 report retort with Mila highlighted the motivations for Dark Sector at the gv scale and below, and especially in the context of lonely particles as always we all know we have a strong motivation
coming from dark matter.
The reason being that if we want to have a documented candidate the below the PGD scale and we need to have that set or so so that matter, need to leave in its own Dark Sector that can be populated by many additional particles that are not charged under
the summer model cage symmetries. And the reason these that if we want to have a fan like dark matter with academic abundance, we need to have a new lighter mediator.
That efficiently depleted the dark matter abundance and in such a way to obtain did it already abundance.
And these mediators are sometimes can be long leave that we have a slide about the lumpy mediators.
This is of course not the only motivation we have several other motivations some coming from extended that matter models will have an example of these will be reported in our reporter, so excited, and Melissa can measure it put a video to the presence
of Longley excited background estates.
And then we have a set of additional motivations beyond the dark matter.
Normally, duck, duck said the particles can address this out or all the anomalies in data, including humans, and many other motivations are some coming from nuclear physics so and if you know my small little building the binary antibody in a cemetery
the song CP problem. So many of these models of the models that address these problems. Look at the light. Normally, particles.
So this is the part of the motivational, that is contained in our six report.
And then we have a part the dedicated to experiments.
And we'll get a flavor of the experiments that we discuss about just his life, to summarize it all and. So, in spite of the fact that we have a, we're discussing many experiments, the experimental techniques and only three.
And this has been inspired by some work that we have done already few years ago, four years ago, in the context of the basic research needs for that matters small projects, new initiative with it was supported by the way.
So, here you can see the first two techniques that are focused particularly on the production on that market.
So the first technique is Associate missing energy momentum. So the idea is to produce, for example at the pizza gate experiments. It doesn't matter state or engineering visible state that agenda will affect the, the initial beam.
So, we are, we will look for missing energy momentum and then we can conclude, maybe that we have produced some backmarker doctor said to state.
Another to be another technique is to look for risk happening so we are producing backmarker better than the risk Catherine in our.
The title that is placed on after the target.
And this is the, particularly the case of Newton experiments, as we'll hear later.
During the next talk.
And then we have a disservice technique.
So the third technique he so focused on last 13 pounds stable that separate particle.
And in particular, we want to look for bc bola on the key products. And then from there, so the stock will focus on Lisa third technique because this is a technique that we are going to use to search, and eventually discover lovely particles.
Okay.
Now, in terms of a little bit more about the experiments. So, the experiments that we discuss are all high intensity experiments in the context of along with particles will have on one side, being dumped experiments.
You can see here.
And the idea is to have a high density beam. So, these can be electron beams positron beams, was it problem been to a museum beams.
Then we have a target followed by a dump, and they do but they don't please that they don't put shield from summer model ideation so most of the summer modern particles will be blocked here, the dump.
In fact that the same type of weeks. My name is supposed to be quite the background.
And then that if we have the production of the documentary acceptor state up the stock market we propagate through, through the dark into through the dump.
And then if we have a duck set or state that is unstable long leave. Eventually can be key after the dump and then we can look for the key products here in this adapter.
We have several experiments without or LD site without already running and some of the proposed are for the future.
complimentary to be numb experiments we have global factories flower factories and have exploited different detection strategies of strategy border along with particles.
In particular, the idea is to detach unstable dark center particles that are produced a trauma message indicates, and we are studying clever factories.
Okay, so this very briefly are all experiments that we are studying in the context of long leaf particles and then we have several additional experiments in the context of detection of backmarker.
We are working on the table IDs. So this is the lab claiming it but this is supposed to summarize all the experimental effort in our audit six group.
As you can see the experiments are divided the in US experiments, so that you can find here about this line.
And then experiments about international some of them with a significant us contribution.
Then here in this line here so you can see the the timeline. So here is now the present.
And you can see that the some experiments already running now this is the case, as we'll discuss later on for the Beltway experimenter HCBB succeed at detectors security sign on the described as well as any 60 quarter, some experiments, some experiments
and we run the Sona, this is the case of spin quest and that quest and some are more for the, for the future.
Also, what I want to highlight in this quite a bit of cash Tony is that we have Sarah signatures that we look forward and we should focus on this political daughter.
So these are the signatures, involving blonde leaf particles. And we see that the seminar law, these experiments can indeed the search for long these particles.
Right.
Um Okay, very good. So this is just an overview of, of all the experiments and then, what are the signatures. So these are the three main group of signatures.
I'm sort of hiding a little bit the first one, because this is very much a dedicated to that matter that goes a little bit beyond the scope of this talk, and the hammer height I think the second or third type of signatures because these are the signatures
that can be used to look for long leaf particles. So either. We have the direct production or for example a mediator, and that can be lonely, then became back to this number wallet.
Or we have a production of some Dark Sector particularly in reach that certain models. And then we can have BB k back to stun them all and.
But not only back to some other musical particles, signatures coming aboard also missing energy as well. Right.
Now, in this second part of this awkward I will do is to report the benchmark models that we have chosen as a representative of what I would add to seek support, because of course it needs to be gay the solicited white papers we have many blogs and many
benchmarks about that we had to make a decision because indeed So, but any Simon was was mentioning the outage seeks that of course, you need to be at a few short because then there needs to be summarized by the apostle we have to make a choice about
So what are we the part of the benchmarks that we have chosen, and those that do complain longest articles. So the first one is a benchmark for a long week maybe you don't receive a that problem mediator.
And this is coming from the big idea to solicited white paper.
Then we have a benchmark coming from models that are motivated by anomalies and in particular humans to. This is coming from Big Idea number three. And then finally we have benchmarks coming from dish, dark sectors in particular model so with excited
the dark matter state.
Right.
So let's start with the first one long leave the mediators.
So we have a minimal that bottle model.
So the dark bottom as we all know, communicates with us through the circulating mixing, or better.
And then if this is the full model on new physics. We know that the Dakota communicate back to the Standard Model thanks to these.
Maybe into this portal interaction.
And this is the summary for the somebody plot that is going to appear in our f6 report.
So this is the preliminary So indeed if you have any comment the PISA, let us know. Um, and so ingrained and I you can see the parameter space that he's already broke the bypass experiments.
And then the several lines correspond to the secret experiment that we have studied in the context of data seeks Snowmass group and putting an arrow here.
Probably discuss this abroad, we actually got the 10 GV or some to highlight really they, they're all high intensity experiments. And then at the high end masses we have all the energy from tier experiments and below 10 gb work you can see is what can
be reached by collider experiments so you can see the bell to experiment here and the ECB.
and the and then here at through in my season smaller values of x, you're not, you can see what we can do choosing forward detectors as well as being dumper experiments, either electron initiated the old problem, initiated them, and then to guide the
I am putting here by hand the designer for the lifetime of the duck photo not have one centimeter.
and we can see that indeed the if we look for long data that photons we have a quite important, and the beam number experiments we play, we play a very important role of covering a larger amount of parameters space that is not yet covered.
And then there is a nice complementarity with other experiments like bell to LHCB that can focus more on promptly leaking that photons.
Right.
Okay, so this is the first benchmark and then the second benchmark as I said these focused on ag minus the maturity model.
We have a flower specific that scalar that only couples to me on.
This is actually interestingly enough, one of the few benchmarks that is still quite an explorer the for for a particle.
We with a mass at or below the gv scale.
So, this, this, especially scalar we indicate to me on CDs have enough for two photon safeties below, if it has a mask below the threshold and and if so, the lifetime can be longer because the sticky is suppressed.
Again, we have a somebody water for the scenario that you can see here, in grey again Arctic regions already broke the bypass experiments are in green.
different experiments, we have high energy colliders, as well as the low end mass, we have been cool.
will become long believed. And then we have been done experiments that we can pro but this regional parameter space, as well as them you're missing momentum experiments.
And then finally the last benchmark model that we are presenting our models with the document excited state. So since I'm running out of time, I will present only one out of the two models.
So the model that I'm going to present a modest with a strongly interrupting the massive particles or seems so these can be realized in QCD like theories and reach, we have the baking lobby large global symmetry.
And the opinions of lighter clients, some of which can be that matter candidate.
And what is interesting when these models so what I want to highlight is that seem to be documented Eric abundance is set by a three to one installation, then the documentary masterpiece hinted the by the smallest if we hold want to have a similar religion
And in terms of signatures What is interesting is that since we have a darker you CD like theory. We have our success it states like you know all the Muslims in QCD.
And some of these factors can be long, naturally long believed, and they can be produced by a doctor automatically. And that can lead to displace the signatures that can be looked for at the many experiments including them being dumped experiments.
And then again here I'm presenting the summary plot for these type of models.
And you can see again the complementarity of what we can do at collider experiments in particular to using is the a model for signature. And what we can do it being dumped experiments looking specifically for the displace the decay of these are all right.
And here are in particular high energy bottom in damper will cover an important role in.
In each of these parameters visa.
Right. So these are leads to my conclusions.
So, in this talk, I wanted to give you first an overview of our, our f6 activities that are in the context of associate products that are particles at high intensities focusing on these three experimental techniques.
And then in the second part of the talk I focused on.
Longley particular bank talks, and in particular I wanted to show you that being done experiments on one side and flavors potteries on the other side that can cover in an important role in testing the parameter space of of these type of models.
And these are crucial complementarity with high energy collider says we have already heard the from Simon auxiliary detectors and colliders, as well as the neutrino experiment, and this will be the topic offer.
Next, next talk. Thank you.
Thank you very much the finance for this very nice reports very instructive. And we open that now for questions, and of course is already there. Yes, so I think I wanted to quickly ask yellow the dark photon model for your children mini my mother, but
I think in that, you know, not many people also consider things like a new or we might not sell that beef heavy flavored staff and you know right processes they could have an impact so you know if people somehow left out of your report or the past the
demon sent to Powells group or Columbia being. Yeah, yeah so the model since you mentioned mention do actually are actually describe the me show you.
Merely in this big idea three, so you see the white paper.
In our audit six reporters so they plotted they showed you are the plot Sitara in our executive summary of the RFC report. And then they are f6 report we have a section.
So three sections.
One which dedicated to the sub big ideas and so in the section for the big idea number three will actually discuss also the models that you have that you have mentioned.
So what I was reporting is the executive summary on that audit seeks, and then of course there we have to make it a choice.
Okay, thank you.
Thank you, Simon.
All right. Very nice. I was just wondering, maybe I missed it on the big table but are you also discussing the high end of the high intensity MYAN facilities like psi and went up to the mech, and those kind of experiments.
Um, yeah. So, Um, let's see. so there is
there is. So this meal facilities that the formula that have been proposed.
So in terms of the experiments that you mentioned we don't have actually margin.
Yeah.
Within the receiving criminal much contributions and we are going to mention them a little bit later but we, we are not highlighting them too much in this context.
Yeah.
Yeah, Michael, I think, sorry, just to comment a little bit more so they will be mainly discussed here. Let me show you.
So here when I was given the overview of the RF.
So, there is a group that is dedicated to charge the lack of clever violation, and there will be discussion or so dark sectors coming from a mute we experiments and so on.
Yeah.
Okay. Like, I've been going. Okay.
That's right, Tim Can you show slide 10 again. It's where if you could please add the asset proposal to this clock. Very good, Thank you. Yes, thanks a lot differently.
In fact, yeah, as I mentioned when I, when I was presenting these type of plots, please let us know if if we're missing something so this lady mean I lost that that I have been showing in my slides at all possible in our Slack channel, and they are posted
there because we, we want to have a feedback and if we are missing any queries, please let us know as soon as possible.
Thank you for the questions.
In fact, I see here on your plots, you have ship. But you did not mention it on slide number seven or so is that it was not just all inclusive slide or it was for some reason that that was not there.
The reason I'm asking is that that particularly, of course, the ship was not like selected for the last round in the European strategy but it was also not that in the sense that, in fact, it, it will come back with, with an alternative way of doing the
beam done facility, which is much cheaper. And they're gonna go for a second shot that the the physics coverage is going to stay very much similar.
So why should not abandon it saying you know it's it's it's it's not it's not gonna happen but you do have the curve so that's already good night. Right.
There was no no other reason why it's not there so that that is oh yeah that's right yeah have all the shakers not only on the Start cotton cloth, but also in the other plots where we have the corresponding shaped curve.
That's right. You still considered a live ish in your document that that's good.
considered a live ish in your document that that's good. And also Simon said something that you did.
He taught he mentioned that he Chanel's are also having intellectuals are also discussed in your area, probably didn't have time for this report if if you have them but they are they in yours, report.
Yeah, absolutely. So, um, so H and Allah are here in this big idea number two, so can be idea number two we are discussing all minimum ports on interactions so we have a data problem portal the dark skillet Porter neutrino portal as well as the auction
portal. So all of them are here and there will be mentioned in our, our f6 report.
Now the plots again Douglas so that I have been showing you my clock the evening my talker are coming from the audit seeks executive summary that then will be recorded in their RF reporter.
Okay.
I'm asking because we have a few new results which are in a report with it in the neutrino sector, which we'll talk about in a second or at least and I will mention tomorrow, to make sure that the latest of these curves match with what we show, should
I contact Brian but our so best for that or Yeah absolutely, absolutely. And then visa. So the best way since. As we gathered from this discussion we have many plots that are contained in this big idea so you see the white papers, the best.
The best way to contact us, is through their Slack channel that you can see here, and in this electronically, you can see the presence of the Holy City the white papers.
And if you have any comment on the, on those white papers please contact the corresponding editor.
So that's the best and quickest way to send us your comments on these solicited white paper and then they are at six report the we let me summarize these white papers so it's very, very important to send the comments on this on this for white papers.
Great. Thanks, Jay, I see you have a question but mind you You're the next speaker so if your question is too long we subtracted from you're speaking time.
Go ahead.
Thank you.
I just want to make you know similar comment about, you know, inclusion of limits in there and since Brian Battelle is actually in leading model the white taught sub topic of white papers in NFL three.
I am presuming that all those plots and do limits are already reflected in these invited by papers. Yes. Absolutely, yes, Yes, definitely. Yeah and you put them in you as you can see here, mean we are also reporting newness one of.
Let's see, our experimenter, and that is a lot of complementarity and the new quirks and will appear in our, our plot, definitely.
Thanks.
Good. Great, thanks to find out for this reports.
For a bolt on the neutrino sector Juno frontier, I should say, all right, well, one thank you very much for inviting me but it's this report and thank you Sonia for leading me into right into my talk.
So I'm going to talk about the nuclear frontier piece of digital frontier I'm not going to go through, just like the other two speakers have done in the, in the summary report itself.
Instead I'm going to talk about, you know, the justification and why we can contemplate and and doing bsm FedEx a neutrino experiment first, and then I'll cover a few, you know, interesting topics that actually utilizes the case of these toxic the particles
are la peace.
And, and the dune detector. And, and to to unmute you know experiments.
So, the as you all know the new to experiment project motivation is the flavor oscillation which is firmly established know by now, who, you know, late 90s through, through now, and happens because for labor in mass against these different so you know
probability of this oscillation is proportional to the mixing angle between the different states and delta x squared and there's the square of the math it's an animal lover.
He knew the baseline over the Met neutrino energy.
And, and the neutrino sector instead of Moodle who, you know, which assumes that the neutrinos have mad, no mass needs a modification because by definition the automation means that there is done through a massive so that requires procedure measurement
So that requires precision measurement of the automation parameters such as mixing angle and mass hierarchy and studying the CP violation in neutrino sectors which is already happening and the court sector and precise measurement of the senior VP phase
themselves.
Then of course then the next question is that these could lead to a new, new symmetry and the question of the Grand unification, the energy scale of the Grand unification and you know, including the discovery of the nuclear decay.
You know, and, and, and understanding the particles of astrophysical origins, such as the supernova neutrinos and black hole formation is based on how the neutrinos are coming in and and running neutrinos and Dark Matters.
And these require high statistics samples and how do we get the highest samples, one large mass large volume detector with a highly capable detectors that can measure energy as well as the tracks and momentum and high intensity neutrino be facility which
will generate large number of neutrinos with the lower baseline which is baseline just perfectly matching do and you know aspiration pro probability.
So in the case of Dune is, you know, doing stands for deep underground Judo experiment, as many of you already know it till you get to the US flagship no baseline you can experiment baseline of 1300 kilometers, which is located 1500 meters underground.
known abandoned gold mine in South Dakota.
And it uses very high intensity proton beam starting starting out with 1.2 megawatt beam and capable of going up upgrading all the way to 2.4 megabyte.
And these results in large number of neutrinos is one of the conditions that I've described before, and it's great trade for the BS and FedEx and you know Porsche then search for the LPS.
The large mass detector at kiloton total or 40 killer connective mass is proceeding Lino look at our game time prediction chamber, which is the 3d imaging capability with loyalty threshold, you know, and this is one of the, one of the real events of the
nuclear destruction, and the nuclear interactions and in our one of our prototype prototype detectors at CERN and and we've also is equipped with powerful procedure new detector complex to control systematics for the oscillation measurement but these
are actually providing the capability to do the meet the DPS and measurement. And this experiment was born in March 15 2015 as an international collaboration is only there for a seven year old elementary schooler to unification of two large proposals
at bat which exists in us and of the no which is in Europe as a result for 2013 us known as community strategy studies. And now the collaboration is about 1400 people and over 200 students out of 33 countries, the anatomy of you do an experiment as the
typical neutrino experiment you have been and beam is coming in here with the broadband between a beam from the 60 to 120 GV protons and the b power is going 1.2 megawatt to 2.4.
As you can see here proton beam contain hits the target and 570 meters downstream we have the new detector, and we have about 200 meters of decay pipe, which are now, the fires the decay.
And this coverage the area, the probability This shows the probability oscillation probability of different kinds of routine or species as a function of YouTube energy for 1300 kilometers so we want to hit these two, you know oscillation maxima.
And that's what this, this, you know beam line is capable of and and the beam then goes, get shoot neutrinos flies down in on the ground for 300 kilometers to the South Dakota mind, and the far detected side here is located 1500 on the road to ground
right here where you see green is the new area that's up newly reactivated at this point. And at that point we expect the fino, you know, the charge currently tuner interaction, and it just spectrum looks like this which hits you know contains the two
automation maxima that's indicated by these two arrows. And these this cabin then contains four different cabins of, you know, for the for Christ. That's that covers the 10 kiloton liquid eigen each, so do for adding up to 40 kilotons each one of these
is 66 meters 15 meters by 15 meters so it's a large warehouse size detector.
You know both CMS and Atlas, and all these detectors are large but these are probably even larger.
Do you detect the complex is is the key for the bsm physics, you know, despite the fact that the fire detector also can do that, keeping the fact that the, the, the flux will reduce as we go down the party tech or location, new detect is critical in terms
terms of the PSN projects, the, you know, being comes in here from from the right to add the first detector that comes up is that make it argon time project you chamber which has the same target the night, the nuclear target, as the fire detector so that
that we can use it for minimizing the systematic concern case.
We measured in nutrient interactions and the more accurate Born in 150 tons, and we expect about 10 to the eighth neutrino charged current interaction is when the detector is on access, which is about a hurt.
It's followed by a large volume gas detector it's magnetized magnetized so that we can actually measure the momentum of the mirrors that's coming up out of the interactions happening in the liquid organ TPC, but it also provides the capability for us
to do, and search for the long new particle decays that are coming in and decaying and despite as I will show you later this guest detector plays a crucial role in terms of searching for lonely particles.
We expect about 10 to the 6 million new to church current interactions a year on axis and do for this also provides a more background being detected technology for the.
You understand that and grow searches. And these two upstream attackers are, you know, movable along the horizontal axis, so that we can measure the effect it's angle and unmute you know neutrino spectrum.
So then we can see we can measure the system, we can reduce the systematics by measuring these different.
The neutrinos spectrum.
And, and the finally the final detector is the sand which is the system on, about four on axis neutrino detection which monitors on X and you know beep flux, to the party detector, which consists of a straw to tracker and the email it kept with your point
magnet. And this also can also contribute to the searches for the long live particle such as the heavy neutral laptops, we actually have some studies using that. Now be SMU at neutrinos as I said before, we haven't even thought about doing any, you know,
detailed PSM studies in neutrino experiments because having your tenants themselves. Interact is is you know even, that was a big issue.
So the Genesis is that the bsm and European have picked up steam after 2013 us Snowmass exercise, which, you know, which, after which the P five science driver clearly less the strategic opportunities and at the same time, it says that we must leverage
the neutrino facility capabilities for precision precision automation measurement to the next step. So this actually gave us an idea is that we can and should be able to use these, these high flux neutrino beam and proton beams actually to to explore
bsm FedEx step within their within their before, and also complimentary to those at the energy frontier regime and and theory and experimental groups have been working together very closely and playing necessarily leadership roles and we've been actually
developing large amount of bsm topics that we can explore in this low energy chaotic energy, and a paper on, you know, report on progress in projects covered some of those opportunities.
Here is the link, which is an outcome of the first workshop at the University of Texas valid in April, 2019 second on what happened because of pandemic and this year February 2022, you know, but the, this actually resulted in you know summarize in six
white papers commission, which I will describe shortly, third one will be at slack and next March, and the announcement will follow shortly.
So just to flash this, if you look at the science driver for the nutritional frontier after 2013 Snowmass exercise, then nutritional frontier is you know port forwarding these six questions that are all based on the nutritional aspect.
So what is missing. The missing is the exploration of BS and physics at this particular time, utilizing the neutrino facility.
Now if you look into this bsm neutrinos signature category, these are all one direct observation signatures which requires high influx high beam flux and sufficiently large mass for scattering signatures and large volume for the case signatures and and
inferred of observational signatures from both beam and cause Magennis waters so now bridge awesome at behaviors such as the history neutrino searches and large target architected for the interactions.
What do we need to know for these, we need to know the signal clocks and the realistic behaviors in the detector, that was said we need to have tools to do this.
And we also need to know the neutrino flux and their interactions detector because they become background to, to the bsm signatures.
So some of the bsm physics topics and utility experiments, you know, or you know thing, and the new tech for new detector so just so we take advantage of high p power can see that low mass dark matter.
You know, having you two left on faction like particles and large number of toxic particles, and also you know far detect us or just we take advantage of the new detector and large volume fire detector as well and you can see that there are alternate
three behaviors and at the same time utilizing and detecting the customer journey, you know, origin. Dark Matters, for instance.
So, you know, these promotes strong collaboration between theorist and experimental it says, as I think you know with the case in the collider experiment as well going to study it out.
And this was all included in the technical design report of the June, and these topics are covered, and as a separate paper published paper and PTC in 2021.
So these you know what I so called here are the ones that actually includes the RXTKBK signatures of it and have those I will just cover these three in in my talk.
So now, before I go into cover that. So, the sub topic a group there are six sub groups within the bsm neutrino, add the chinos frontier topics topical frontier, which is an improved three, and the, we have, there were some some hundred and 40 some alumni
submitted and then split them into six different categories and these are in some sense the invited white papers and these invited white papers are coordinated by you know combination of theorist and experimental list for all these different topics, and
the ones that that I spoke. I know mark them are the ones that has a direct note on new particle signature 10.
And if all three summary report, you know, have been already gone through one round of comments and they will then you know go through again for, you know, before the final set of comments solace the final several comment, comment.
This table is the table of the currently available topics that is covered in the NFL three, and with with you know sources and example experiments, it's because there are so many different experiments that can explore this kind of topics.
We just provide a few you know handful of these experiments for each of these topics, and please go through and look at it and see if we have missed anything if that was the case, then, then please point that out to us this is included in our summary
report. And the details are in the, in the invited white papers, just to remember that we decided not to include this all the experiments because this is just I'm just too difficult to do so.
So now let me just cover a few topics so first let me start with the heavy new to Latin searches, you know doing nd or you know any new detector.
You know even hyper Can you detector can do this, although you know do and they will provide a lot stronger signatures for these. So these high intensity proton beams but it's having you two letters, you know from the case of heavy metals such as the
service methods and the neutrino production target And these are complimentary to colliders and the search area is is you know in the low mass range and HTML then became to charge leptons, and you can see here, and later marathons.
Indeed, indeed, you to take the complex, and so, resulting in a child's left hand plus a marathon, or two charges method plus neutrino five states, and you know vertex requirements would be very helpful in terms of identifying these and of course and
minimize your background, as well, and multiple production and detailed channels are available I'm just covering a few you know can for here but there are a whole lot more that you can actually find it in this paper and Albert's talk tomorrow to.
To find out more detail but you know complementarity you can see here in this red box area is the area that's covered by the energy frontier experiment and collide.
Whereas here you can see that the you know the Kickstarter experiment for the electric coupling dominant case in the moon toppling dominant case in both cases, these YouTube experiments cover the low match range, that is a little less difficult cover
with the collider experiments.
Men, and three minutes. Thanks. Oh, okay. I don't know if I can do three minutes I'll go fast. Okay so um hi teacher with me introduce large number of photons from Bram and, and, and neutral method decays, which makes it possible to contemplate coupling
of new you want gauged to standard model gamma said as you can see here, and I think this was already covered in the previous talk.
But in any case, it gives it result in the and the dark of potential dark matter particles in the final state or for instance it's pretty, pretty McAuliffe state process would give us an accent like particles as well, and detection is then through an
So I cover this in this talk the AOP searches that you've experienced in a production in the Katrina target is going through the, you know, photon and buyer, the promo code process and detection is like this and this is the scattering case, and we can
also look forward to decay of the two fourth and final stage of course the background would be you know all dominant background would be from the neutrino interactions and you turn to actors in the region that is very difficult for us to, you know, nail
down the uncertainties. So what do you see here is the, you know, coupling ga gamma to, to the mass of the, the action like particle. And you can see that, that, you know, based on a study that you do like, you know, tear gas detector and and can cover
the decay and the Nicaraguan technically covered the scattering and which can have the potential to cover the, close, close the cosmic triangle bear, and this is covered in this particular PRL.
And of course stock photos and searches that was already discussed in previous talks and look at the various final states we plus the minus, and new plus minus five states whichever different kind of background contributions to it.
And you can see we're covering in a very smaller energy range. Then, what was shown in the, in the previous talk and and this is a complementarity that, that, that, you know, when you're trying to expand to provide, but these are you know the the loyalty
threshold and precision understanding of the neutrino, cause I elastic and resonance is to be essential for these kind of things. So here is a table of, you know, the processes that the kit that includes the case and signatures and the potential backgrounds
and as you can see potential backgrounds already cruise and primary dominated by two new to no interaction is your turn nucleus interactions, as the primary background.
Now, therefore, these, you know, if you see this plot and this is showing that these two arrows are the two areas that I've, I've mentioned before the, the automation maxima and the energy rage of the, of the human experiment or these oscillation experiments
are in the range that is completely covered by his low energy processes course I understand the resonance processes and and there are large uncertainties for neutrino nucleus cross section calculation so it's important for us to pursue you know net nail
down these uncertainties, because you know any fluctuations in the Standard Model background is going to be the ones that there will you know mimic these.
These.
The PSM signatures.
So, collaboration between, you know, nuclear projects and highly FedEx communities are essential in order for us to do any of these things well, and I know that there are many efforts of that.
And, of course, you know, the question is all in details right there. Let it be production, it's extremely rare and are in detail into the standard process it can easily be mass, mass by extended more pages, and this is the case for even for do colliding
experiments as well.
And many theoretical different theoretical prediction generators for the neutrino nuclear nucleus interactions have been in existence and continue improving but they still have sizable interest is within one model, and one generator and, you know, between
themselves. Well, it's very important for us to significantly reduce the uncertainties for critical, it's critical for the bread and butter automation projects, which is again beyond the Standard Model, but it is, you know, absolutely essential for estimating
the background to LLP searches or bsm searches and generates the generates begin to incorporate LLP processes, but you know we could take a long time to implement because of the insufficient resources or those people were working on seem to be, you know,
a few people operation. And we need to further strengthen this effort and, and therefore strong collaboration between January the teams and the experiments, is a way of doing it, mitigating the limited resources you, and you know again nuclear physics
and highly defense communities must work together to understand, you know, low energy processes and, and we need more concerted effort and get them done in a timely fashion.
These are already included in our report as well.
So to conclude. It is the accelerator provides great opportunity so for the yellow piece as a signature PSM and accept the particles, high power portal before next generation and determine experiments enabled expanding FedEx reach beyond that of the neutrinos
neutrinos and the standard model.
The large scale odds procedure detected such as Dune capable of searching for, you know, Ellen peace, and cover broad scope of that BASF projects. And there has been largely interesting and it's been growing, and throughout the past, you know, several
when we started out 2013, there weren't too many. And now there are a large number of papers you can find on an archive every day. And you know nuclear interactions are critical backgrounds, they'll have peace and the PSA projects that the law kinematic
Face. And it's relevant, which is relevant to the neutrino experiment and therefore improving this nuclear model is is essential. And that requires close collaboration between nuclear physics and hire the physics community and LPs into digital frontier
The physics community and LPs in the digital frontier a compliment that of the energy frontier, and and we have ample opportunities to further develop PSM topics that that can be explored in both frontiers and leverage search strategies and techniques
collaboratively. Finally, so this is the you know what you saw and previously and we have at least in neutral referred to as far as I know, we have agreed to add one more question here.
What are the PSN signatures accessible to experiments. Thank you.
Thank you very much a for very nice and quick tour into the 3d world and how it connects up with, with the things, particularly interest by the people in this workshop.
Mike so you have a question. Yeah, so the target of course is made to make pie zeros and, pie, pie chart pies and case has any the white papers proposing to increase the thickness of the target to kill those like neutrinos but without, without enhancing
town neutrino flux and enhancing the particle production. So, even a month, even a few months, two or three months of that would make a very sensitive NLP search.
I mean, the luminous is much higher than he, so not make it make it right so there are there are, you know, I didn't cover it here but but these white papers also cover high energy options so that you know we can explore the town neutrino regime as well.
And that includes you know the variations of target and probably some level of freedom, the optimization of the horn, as well.
And on top of bed. We also have a new idea that came up, which is, you know, running, running target listening for a few months and and and the study will be, you know, put on archive soon, and that seemed to be you know if you even if you reduce the
intensity of the beam to say for example, your point six megawatt instead of 1.2 megawatt by running it for three, three to six months, you could actually explore large areas.
You know, for instance, LPs or law my stock matter.
Smiley face basis, your last chance today.
Yes.
Right.
Yeah, you still hear me right. Yeah.
I was just checking it on more questions.
I think not. We also crossed seven o'clock so I think in Europe it's getting late. Thanks again ja and also for all your efforts because you're really one of the drivers for that sounds driver.
With all your initiative and also things you've done before. And besides, some of these things most people's perhaps focused on doing what you mentioned but some of these studies will actually get dress rehearsals, with the for example, the short baseline
for women Fermilab now which is somewhat lower energy but some of these things like for light, dark matter so we will already do these studies there and use these detectors, which are like a near detector.
For actually exploring that.
Right.
So, you know, if I just add a little bit. First of all, thank you very much for good words. But, but, but you know now, the existing experiments are also, you know, using their, their data existing data for instance microbe using existing data to to explore
these different bsm topics, which we didn't you know even look into before now or these different ideas available. There are already starting to eat into some of these sensitivities space.
Okay. Nothing but the good news.
All right, if there are no