Complex plasmas are made of micrometer-sized particles immersed in a weakly ionized gas. Due to their interactions with the surrounding ions and electrons, the microparticles usually acquire negative charges of the order of several thousand elementary charges. Due to microparticles interactions, complex plasmas can form gaseous, liquid and crystalline states. For this reason, they are often...
Reliable measurements of plasma parameters are a good way to confirm if the plasma dynamics fit well with our theoretical models as well as giving insight into the plasma's state. The ion temperature in the plasma cannot be measured from a typical Langmuir probe which makes it hard to estimate. To do so, it is possible to use a Ball-Pen probe (BPP) which has the ability to partially shield...
NV centers in a diamond crystal consist of a substitutional nitrogen atom next to a lattice vacancy. These commonly appear in two distinct charge states, the neutral NV center (NV${^o}$) and the negatively charged NV center (NV${^-}$). While the more commonly formed state is the NV${^o}$ , the NV${^-}$ center has S = 1 fine structure that has important magnetic field dependent fluorescence...
