Simulation of gas detectors and related physical processes

• Rob VEENHOF (Uludag University - RD51 Collaboration)

Room: Auditorium Touschek In this lecture, we go through the basic physics processes that occur in gas-based detectors. When charged particles traverse a gas, they leave behind a trace of ionisation electrons, as well as ions and excited atoms and molecules. The electrons are attracted to the anodes and, while moving through the gas, are subject to a multitude of processes: elastic and various kinds of inelastic collisions, attachment, formation of excited states and ionisation. Currently, of order 100 different processes are taken into account in an average simulation.The movement of the charges in the detector is used as basis for read-out, as discussed in the second lecture.

Signal formation in detectors

• Werner Riegler (CERN)

Room: Auditorium Touschek A large variety of different detector technologies are used in present particle physics experiments. The basic principle of signal formation, namely the induction of currents on metallic electrodes by moving charges, is however common to most of these detectors types. We will review the basic theorems of signal formation in particle detectors and will apply them to a few classic detector geometries.

Front end electronics

• Flavio Loddo (INFN-BARI)

Room: Auditorium Touschek Front‐end electronics are one of the most important components in a particle detector system. Their main purpose is to amplify the small detector signal trying to maximize the Signal‐to‐Noise ratio and, sometimes, to perform some basic processing like energy and time measurement, digitization and storage, according to the specific application. After an introduction to some basic noise principles, a general overview of the most common front‐end schemes will be shown together with some examples and future perspectives.