The NewCompStar conferences aims at bringing together people working in astrophysics of neutron stars, both on the theoretical and observational aspects.
This conference is co-organized by the COST Action MP1304 (CompStar - Exploring fundamental physics with compact stars)
We examine the role of a dipole-type magnetic field of a compact (neutron) star for its interaction with the ambient interstellar medium, and the resulting drag as the star orbits near a supermassive black hole. The enhancement of the orbital decay is found to be very small in the Galactic centre (the mini-spiral region of Sgr A*), where the environment density is very low, but it becomes quite important in Active Galactic Nuclei, where a relatively dense accretion disc is present. Different regimes of the mutual interaction occur depending on the magnetic field strength, the ISM density, and the parameters (relative velocity, magnetic moment, rotation period, and compactness) of the star.
The properties of late time activity in Long and Short GRBs, point strongly toward a long lived energy injection mechanism. The millisecond magnetar model provides naturally with such input in the form of a relativistic magnetically driven wind. The standard pictures however predicts a steady smooth injection, that looks at odds with the presence of late time bursts observed in the light-curve of several events. Among the possible explanations it has been suggested that a phase transition in the newly born magnetar, and in particular quark deconfinement, could be at the origin of those events. We present here a study of the timescales and energetic properties expected for such events, in the context of the millisecond model for GRBs.
I review accretion in Cataclysmic Variable systems with emphasis on flicker
noise and its variations that have been a diagnostic tool in understanding the structure in accretion disks.
I study the nature of time variability of brightness of non-magnetic
cataclysmic variables. Dwarf novae demonstrate band limited noise in the UV and X-ray energy bands, which can be adequately explained
in the framework of the model of propagating fluctuations as in XRBs. The detected frequency breaks in the range (1-6) mHz indicates
an optically thick disk truncation in the inner disk of some dwarf novae systems in quiescence.
Analysis of other available data (SS Cyg, SU UMa, WZ Sge, Z Cha) indicate that during the outburst the inner
disk radius moves towards the white dwarf and recedes as the outburst declines while changes in the X-ray energy
spectrum is also observed. Cross-correlations between the simultaneous
Optical, UV and X-ray light curves show time lags in the X-rays (90-180 sec) consistent with truncated inner optically thick disk.
I compare magnetic and nonmagnetic CVs in terms of their broadband noise characteristics
which in general show compliance with the model of propagating fluctuations.
In addition, I discuss comparisons with X-ray binaries.
In the scalar-tensor theories with a massive scalar field the coupling constants, and the coupling functions in general, which are observationally allowed, can differ significantly from those in the massless case. This fact naturally implies that the scalar-tensor neutron stars with a massive scalar field can have rather different structure and properties in comparison with their counterparts in the massless case and in general relativity. In the talk we will present slowly rotating neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories with a massive gravitational scalar. Two examples of scalar-tensor theories are examined - the first example is the massive Brans-Dicke theory and the second one is a massive scalar-tensor theory indistinguishable from general relativity in the weak field limit. In the later case we study the effect of the scalar field mass on the spontaneous scalarization of neutron stars. Our numerical results show that the inclusion of a mass term for the scalar field indeed changes the picture drastically compared to the massless case. It turns out that mass, radius and moment of inertia for neutron stars in massive scalar-tensor theories can differ drastically from the pure GR solutions if sufficiently large masses of the scalar field are considered.
In this work I review the role of hyperons on the properties of neutron and proto-neutron stars. In particular, I revise the so-called ``hyperon puzzle", go over some of the solutions proposed to tackle it, and discuss the implications that the recent measurements of unusually high neutron star masses have on our present knowledge of hypernuclear physics. I reexamine also the role of hyperons on the cooling properties of newly born neutron stars and on the so-called r-mode instability.
Theoretical basis and observational evidence for nonlinear dynamics will be discussed.
Gamma-ray loud binaries are are a recently identified class of X-ray binaries in which interaction of an outflow from the compact object with the wind and radiation emitted by a companion star leads to the production of very-high energy gamma-ray emission. Only five systems have been firmly detected so far as persistent or regularly variable TeV gamma-ray emitters. The nature of the TeV emission from these systems is not clear yet, but there are reasons to believe that similar to PSR B1259-63 all these system harbour pulsars, hidden in the wind of the companion star. Detailed studies of the broadband spectral and timing properties of these sources are crucial for understanding the nature of these peculiar objects. In my talk I will review the outcome of extensive multiwavelength observations of the 2014 PSR B1259-63 periastron passage, which shed a light on the nature of the puzzling GeV flare from the system, and also discuss what can we learn from the numerous X-ray observations of LSI +61 303 performed the last decade by SWIFT, Suzaku, XMM and Chandra satellites.
Recent developments of the relativistic nuclear energy density functional (RNEDF) provide a self-consistent framework for the description of a variety of nuclear properties of astrophysical relevance, including the nuclear matter equation of state, and various neutron star properties. The RNEDF is supplemented with the covariance analysis in order to assess statistical uncertainties of calculated quantities and correlations between relevant quantities. Recently a method has been introduced that establishes relations between the properties of collective excitations in finite nuclei and the phase transition density and pressure at the inner edge separating the liquid core and the solid crust of a neutron star. A theoretical framework that includes the thermodynamic method, the RNEDF, and the quasiparticle random-phase approximation has been employed in a self-consistent calculation of the neutron star core-to-crust transition density and pressure. This approach crucially depends on the experimental results for collective excitations in nuclei that constrain the symmetry energy in nuclear matter, in particular excitation energies of giant resonances, energy-weighted pygmy dipole strength, and dipole polarizability. The RNEDF framework also provides an insight into the neutron star mass-radius relationship.
We study the structure of relativistic stars in R+alpha*R^2 theory using the method of matched asymptotic expansion to handle the higher order derivatives in field equations arising from the higher order curvature term. We find solutions, parametrized by $\alpha$, for uniform density stars matching to the Schwarzschild solution outside the star. We obtain the mass-radius relations and study the dependence of maximum mass on alpha. We find that M_{max} is proportional to alpha^(-3/2) for values of alpha larger than 10 km^2. For each alpha the maximum mass configuration has the biggest compactness parameter (eta = GM/Rc^2) and we argue that the general relativistic stellar configuration corresponding to alpha=0 is the most compact among these.
After a short review on the role of excluded volume corrections for the equation of state (EoS) of hadronic matter as probed in heavy-ion collision experiments [1], we present recent applications of excluded volume modifications in the EoS of neutron stars including a Bayesian analysis of mass-radius constraints and hybrid star phenomenology [2] and neutron star cooling [3]. We argue that the repulsive interactions in hadronic matter that arise from the account of excluded volume corrections have their fundamental background in the quark substructure of hadrons that entails a repulsive quark exchange interaction because of the Pauli principle. At the same time this Pauli blocking is to be seen as a precursor effect of the inevitable hadron dissociation (Mott effect) and quark deconfinement at high phase space densities. The excluded volume effect in the neutron star EoS is a necessary condition for obtaining high-mass twin star solutions which, once observed in nature, would provide indirect evidence for the existence of a critical endpoint in the QCD phase diagram [4], the holy grail of third generation heavy-ion collision experiments.