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Initial Stages 2021

Jan 10 – 15, 2021
Weizmann Institute of Science
Asia/Jerusalem timezone
See you at IS2023 in Copenhagen in June 2023

Entanglement, partial set of measurements, and diagonality of the density matrix in the parton model

Jan 12, 2021, 7:00 PM
20m
Andrea’s room 3 (vDLCC)

Andrea’s room 3

vDLCC

oral Physics at low-x and gluon saturation

Haowu Duan

Description

Abstract: We analyze the entanglement in the context of high energy QCD. First, in order to provide a firm connection to experimental observables, we define the “entropy of ignorance” which quantifies the entropy associated with ability to perform only a partial set of measurement on a quantum system. For the parton model the entropy of ignorance is equal to the Boltzmann entropy of a classical system of partons. We analyze a calculable model used for describing low x gluons in Color Glass Condensate approach, which has similarities with the parton model of QCD. In this model we calculate the entropy of ignorance in the particle number basis as well as the entanglement entropy of the observable degrees of freedom. We find that the two are similar at high momenta, but differ by a factor of order unity at low momenta. We explicitly demonstrate that that the reduced density matrix of the small x gluons is not diagonal in the particle number basis. We then show that the reduced density matrix can be diagonalized in a quasi-particle basis. Moreover, the matrix elements have the form of Boltzmann weights ${\rm diag}(e^{-n\beta\omega})$, $n=0,1…$ , where $n$ is the number of quasi-particles. At small momenta, $\beta \omega$ is proportional to $k/Q_s$, demonstrating the apparent thermal behavior of small x gluons at low transverse momentum. We discuss the implication of our results in the context of the future EIC.

Co-authors

Vladimir Skokov (Brookhaven national laboratory) Alexander Kovner (University of Connecticut)

Presentation materials

 Initial_stage_2021-Duan.pdf Recording