Prof.
Ignazio Renato Bellobono
16/09/2012, 18:00
Invited Lecture
In the first part of the presentation, the birth of ELECTROCHEMISTRY (1799-1800; March 20th, 1800) and the entirely innovative work of Alessandro Volta, based on the conversion of chemical into electrochemical energy, by what will be called pila di Volta (electrochemical cell), followed by the reverse process studied by Luigi Valentino Brugnatelli (electrolysis...
Prof.
Heinz Gaeggeler
(Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland)
17/09/2012, 08:00
Oral Communications
DNRC is one of 18 divisions or working parties that form the European Association of Chemical and Molecular Sciences (EuCheMS), founded in 2004. EuCheMS is an umbrella organisation of European National Chemical Societies promoting the outreach of chemical science and technology to our society as well as to all relevant political organisations. Therefore, the headquarter of EuCheMS is in...
Prof.
Jean-François chatal
(GIP ARRONAX, France)
17/09/2012, 10:00
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
For the last two decades a technological revolution has deeply changed the field of application of nuclear medicine. Today PET/CT imaging using 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is considered as the standard imaging technique in oncology for tumor staging, detection of recurrence and early evaluation of response to treatment. PET/MRI could shortly become the standard imaging technique in neurology....
Prof.
Suresh Srivastava
(Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA)
17/09/2012, 10:30
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
A major advantage of radionuclides is that they emit radiation of different radiobiological effectiveness and range of action. This offers the possibility of choosing a nuclide the physical and nuclear characteristics of which are matched with a particular tumor type, or the disease under treatment. This presentation introduces a relatively novel paradigm that involves specific individual...
Prof.
Roger Alberto
(University of Zurich, Switzerland)
17/09/2012, 11:00
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
Imaging and visualization of molecular events on the cellular and subcellular level requires the design and the syntheses of highly specific compounds which have to to accumulate at desired target sites but should be rapidly cleared from non-targeted organs. Visualization must take place at the living intact subject and the patient.[1] This makes radiolabeled compounds a priority modality for...
Prof.
Frank Roesch
(University of Mainz, Germany)
17/09/2012, 11:20
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
Introduction: Radionuclide generator systems continue to play a key role in providing both diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides for various applications in nuclear medicine, oncology and interventional cardiology. In parallel to the well established 99Mo/99mTc generator used for SPECT imaging, new generators for PET/CT imaging attract attention. In particular the...
Dr
Marco Chinol
(European Institute of Oncology, Italy), Dr
Stefano Papi
(European Institute of Oncology, Italy)
17/09/2012, 11:40
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
Somatostatin analogues designed to target tumor cells over-expressing somatostatin receptors have been radiolabelled with 90Y- and 177Lu for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Clinical trials evidenced large patient variability as regards tumor and organs uptake, thus sustaining the need of tailored dosimetry, for a treatment course with improved safety and efficacy. However,...
Dr
Stanislav Pavelka
(Department of Radiometry, Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague; and Institute of Biochemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic)
17/09/2012, 12:00
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Oral Communications
Pavelka S.1,2, Macek Jílková Z.3 and Kopecký J.3
1Department of Radiometry, Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague; 2Institute of Biochemistry, Masaryk University, Brno; and 3Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
The metabolism of thyroid hormones (TH) in white adipose tissue (WAT)...
Dr
Sandrine Huclier-Markai
(Laboratoire Subatech, UMR 6457, Ecole des Mines de Nantes /CNRS/IN2P3 / Université de Nantes, 4 Rue A. Kastler, BP 20722, F-44307 Nantes Cedex 3, France.)
17/09/2012, 12:15
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Oral Communications
The use of radionuclides as potential therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals is increasingly investigated. Scandium isotopes (44Sc, 47Sc) become more easily available and their properties are convenient for either PET imaging or radiotherapy. Notably, the half-life of 3.97 h of 44Sc and its high positron branching (94%) lead us to consider this isotope for application in TEP radiopharmaceuticals....
Mr
Seweryn Krajewski
(Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna Street 16, 01312 Warsaw, Poland)
17/09/2012, 12:30
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Oral Communications
Recently, great effort is put in development of personalised treatment, including precise diagnoses and therapy using the same molecular targeting vectors. Scandium radioisotopes give opportunity to obtain PET/CT images using 44Sc (τ1/2 = 3.92 h) and 43Sc (τ1/2 = 3.89 h) and to treat tumours with a low energy β--particles using 47Sc (τ1/2 = 3.35 d). The aim of our work was to developed simple...
Ms
Edyta Leszczuk
(Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Poland)
17/09/2012, 12:45
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Oral Communications
There are only a few a-particle emitting radionuclides that have properties suitable for developing therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. Unfortunately, all available a-emitters have serious disadvantages: 211At forms weak bond with carbon atoms in the biomolecule and in the case of 212Bi, 213Bi and 226Th short half-life often limits the application of these nuclides. However, the short half-life...
Prof.
Jörg Steinbach
(Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany)
17/09/2012, 14:00
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
Diagnostic radiopharmacy has a long-term development since the early investigations of G. v. Hevesy/ F. A. Paneth and the routine availability of radionuclides. After the age of gamma-emitting radiopharmaceuticals, which are still the working horses of nuclear medicine, in the late seventies a new radiochemical/radiopharmaceutical progression started: The era of Positron Emission Tomography...
Dr
Johannes Ermert
(Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Institut fuer Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, INM-5: Nuklearchemie, Germany)
17/09/2012, 14:20
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
Fluorine-18 is a widely used positron-emitting radionuclide in positron emission tomography (PET) because of its ideal decay characteristics. It decays by positron emission (97%) with a relatively low energy of maximum 0.635 MeV ensuring highest possible resolution. The half-life of 109.7 min permits extended syntheses of 18F-labelled radiopharmaceuticals and study protocols. Fluorine-18 is...
Dr
Naga Vara Kishore Pillarsetty
(Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, USA)
17/09/2012, 14:40
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
Iodine isotopes (I-123, I-125 & I-131) have greatly contributed toward expanding the applications of isotopes in medicine; these applications range from ex vivo radioimmuno assays to in vivo SPECT imaging. Iodine-124 (t1/2 = 4.2 d; b+ 23%) was long considered an impurity in iodine-123 production, has lately seen a renaissance in its applications as a PET isotope in clinics due to the ability...
Prof.
Jan Rijn Zeevaart
(Necsa, South Africa)
17/09/2012, 15:00
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
The use of radionuclides as potential therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals is increasingly investigated. An important aspect is the delivery of the radionuclide to the target whereby the radionuclide is not lost from the chelating agent. For in vivo generators it is important whether the daughter radionuclide stays inside the chelator after decay of the parent radionuclide. In our previous work,...
Prof.
Michael Zalutsky
(Duke University, USA)
17/09/2012, 15:20
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
The heavy halogen 211At, first proposed for use in α-particle targeted radiotherapy more than 30 years ago, continues to be one of the most promising radionuclides for this purpose. Its 7.2-h half life provides some flexibility with regard to the range of molecular carriers with compatible pharmacokinetics including antibody fragments, peptides, affibodies and organic molecules. Its diverse...
Dr
Antonia Denkova
(TU Delft, Netherlands)
17/09/2012, 15:40
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Oral Communications
Alpha radionuclide therapy has a great potential in the fight against cancer as proven by a large number of pre-clinical and clinical studies [1, 2]. In vivo generators capable of delivering a highly efficient cascade of alpha particles are also steadily gaining importance. 225Ac is at the moment the most important radionuclide that can serve as an in vivo generator, providing four alpha...
Mr
Holger Dorrer
(Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland & University of Bern, Berne, Switzerland)
17/09/2012, 15:55
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Oral Communications
Introduction: Terbium provides 4 radioisotopes, which are suitable for different diagnostic or therapeutic applications in nuclear medicine. These are 149Tb (T½ 4.1 h, Eα 3.97 MeV, Iα 16.7 %) for α–radionuclide therapy, 152Tb (T½ 17.5 h, Eβ+,av 1.08 MeV, Iβ+ 17 %) for PET, 155Tb...
Dr
Stefaan Pommé
(EC-JRC-IRMM, Belgium)
17/09/2012, 16:10
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Oral Communications
213Bi is one of the most important &alpha-emitting nuclides used in targeted alpha therapy (TAT) against cancer. It is readily available from the subsequent &alpha-decay of 225Ac → 221Fr → 217At → 213Bi. The parent half-life is T1/2(225Ac)=9.920 (3) d (Pommé et al., in press), while 221Fr and...
Prof.
Aleksander Bilewicz
(Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Poland)
17/09/2012, 16:25
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Oral Communications
Ra-223, Ra-224 and Ra-225, among others alpha-emitting radionuclides, have attractive properties for use in targeted radionuclide therapy. Unfortunately, Ra2+ cations like other cations of the II group, forms very weak complexes, therefore labeling of the biomolecules with 223,224,225Ra is a very difficult task. On the other hand, some zeolites exhibit very high affinity for Ra2+ cations.
In...
Mrs
Maruta Bunka
(Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Villigen PSI, Switzerland)
17/09/2012, 16:40
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Oral Communications
Introduction: 44Sc with a half-life of 3,97 h and a positron branching of 94 % is a promising nuclide for novel PET-radiopharmaceuticals. With an oxidation state of +3 44Sc may be used for radiolabeling of biomolecules with chelators established for coordination of lanthanides such as 177Lu and for other clinically employed radionuclides such as 90Y, 111In or 68Ga. At the Paul Scherrer...
Miguel Avila-Rodriguez
(N)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Angiogenesis is an essential process in solid tumours growing beyond 2 to 3 mm3, since diffusion is no longer sufficient to supply the tissue with oxygen and nutrients. Integrins αvβ3 have been shown to play an important role in a series of pathological processes including angiogenesis and tumour cell metastasis. It has also been shown that peptides based on the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence have...
Prof.
Saleh Ismail
(Atomic Institute-Vienna, Austria)
17/09/2012, 17:30
A fully-automatic pneumatic transfer system (PTS) for short-time neutron activation analysis (STNAA) is constructed to utilize two irradiation positions of a TRIGA Mark-II research reactor. The system consists of a vertical in-core irradiation terminal and a terminal for a radial radiation beam tube. Both terminals were constructed for a sample capsule of 3.5 ml. The transfer time of the...
Dr
Yosuke Toh
(Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The Accurate Neutron-Nucleus Reaction Measurement Instrument (ANNRI) has been constructed at the beamline No. 04 at the Material and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). ANNRI has been used for the measurement of nuclear cross-section data, nuclear astrophysics and prompt gamma-ray analysis (PGA). MLF is a very intensive pulsed...
Dr
Teodora Retegan
(Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden)
17/09/2012, 17:30
*The above authors are: the Coordinator of the project and the Domain Leaders. However, the project is a much larger effort with up to 90 contributors.
ASGARD is a Large Scale Integrated Project having as main objective the research on advanced/novel nuclear fuel fabrication and their respective reprocessing issues for Generation IV reactors.
The Strategic Energy Technology plan...
Ms
Anna Wójcik
(1 Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland 2 Faculty of Physic and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Activation analysis is a well known analytical technique used for performing both qualitative and quantitative analysis of major, minor and trace elements in a given sample, without or with chemical separation. Application of protons with the energy higher than 30 MeV in activation analysis considerably broaden the spectra of possible reaction channels (possibility of (p, xn) reactions,...
Dr
Hiromitsu Haba
(RIKEN, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The extremely low production yields and short half-lives of superheavy element (SHE) nuclei force us to perform rapid, efficient, and repetitive chemical experiments with single atoms. We plan to start the study of the aqueous chemistry of SHEs such as 261Rf, 262Db, and 265Sg using the RIKEN AVF Cyclotron. In this work, we have developed an automated α/spontaneous fission (SF) detection system...
Mr
Kohshin Washiyama
(College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
INTRODUCTION: Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents have been used in medical MR-imaging. However, human nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is reported in Gd-based contrast agent received patients with severe renal insufficiency. A depletion of endogenous Zn ion may contribute in the development of NSF. Gadolinium has fairly high sensitivity for neutron activation analysis (NAA) and it is...
Dr
Hee-Jung Im
(Nuclear Chemistry Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Korea)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Reaction mechanisms and nuclear recoils, nuclear based spectroscopies (MOSSPEC and PAS), radiation geochronology, isotope effects
Poster
As a type of spent nuclear fuel treatment, the pyrochemical process is well known for its non-proliferation of nuclear fuel cycles, separation of long-term radioactive nuclides during processing, the recovery of uranium for re-use as a nuclear fuel, and a significant volume-reduction of high-level wastes. After the complete pyrochemical processing is finished, a remaining small amount of salt...
Dr
Andrea Sabatié-Gogova
(Subatech, Ceisam, France)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Astatine is a rare radioelement belonging to the halogen group. Considering the trace amounts of astatine-211 produced in cyclotrons, its chemistry cannot be directly evaluated by usual spectroscopic tools. Analytical tools, provided that they are coupled with a radioactive detection system, may be an alternative way to study its chemistry.
In the present research work, High Performance Ion...
Dr
Norbert Wiehl
(University Mainz, Germany)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The required impurity level for silicon used in solar cell production can be much higher compared to the demand in the electronic industry [1]. Therefore processes are investigated to clean the raw silicon to an impurity level necessary for photovoltaic applications. Of special interest is the impurity level of the 3d transition metals and of the dopant element boron. Transition metals of the...
Mrs
Yoonjung Kang
(Busan Regional Korea Food & Drug Administration, Korea)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Food irradiation technique is extremely effective at reducing food-borne illness as well as losses caused by pathogenic microorganisms. However, there is a need to detect the use of food irradiation to ensure that food is labeled correctly. In present, several methods are available to detect irradiated food. Among them, thermoluminescence(TL), electron spin resonance(ESR) and gas...
Dr
László Szentmiklósi
(Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Co-Re based alloys are being developed at the TU Braunschweig to supplement Ni-based Superalloys at ultra-high temperature (>1200°C) applications. Grain boundaries in these polycrystalline alloys are strengthened by boron. Boron is known to segregate to grain boundaries in Ni-alloys and improve low temperature ductility. The mechanisms to strengthen the grain boundaries are being explored for...
Mr
JongHwa MOON
(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Korea)
17/09/2012, 17:30
As scientists have focused their researches on the health impacts caused by mineral nutrient deficiencies and hazardous elements, public concern regarding mineral intake from dietary food is rising. For this reason, the dietary habit of Koreans has shifted from white rice to more nutritious rice like unpolished rice and rice mixed with beans. The objectives of this study were to determine the...
Mrs
Yukiko Komori
(Osaka University, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
As relativistic effects on the valence electrons become large in heavy elements, it is interesting to elucidate chemical properties of the transactinide elements. In these chemical experiments, an automated and rapid chemistry apparatus coupled to an α-particle detection system is required. In the present study, we have developed an on-line liquid scintillation detection system to measure...
Dr
Stanislav Pavelka
(Institute of Physiology, ASCR, Prague/Masaryk University, Brno)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Pavelka S.1,2, Macek Jílková Z.3 and Kopecký J.3
1Department of Radiometry, Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague; 2Institute of Biochemistry, Masaryk University, Brno; and 3Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
High-fat-feeding induction and development of obesity was followed in...
Mr
Patrick Steinegger
(Paul Scherrer Institut / University of Bern)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The possibilities of on-line thermochromatography experiments with transactinide elements depend on the material of the applied detectors. Si PIN-diodes or Si PIPS-detectors are only usable in a temperature interval between 90 K and 315 K limited by the electronic band gap of Si of about 1.1 eV. In recent experiments using the COLD [1] or COMPACT [2] detector setup, the upper bound of the...
Mr
Christian Drerup
(Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Because of its extraordinary suitable decay properties fluorine-18 is the most widely used radionuclide in positron emission tomography (PET) [1]. Presently the radioorganic syntheses of no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) 18F-labelled products are practically limited to nucleophilic procedures. This complicates or excludes n.c.a. syntheses of many putative tracer compounds and intensifies a special...
Ms
xiaojing qian
(China Academy of Engineering Physics, China)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Tritium extraction system (TES) is one of the most important components in the helium cooled solid breeder(HCSB) test blanket modules (TBMs) of ITER. TES will extract various isotopic species of hydrogen by the liquid nitrogen cooled molecular sieve adsorber beds (CMSB). The globular molecular sieve 5A(MS5A) with the diameter of 3~5 mm was selected as the candidate for the CMSB in TBM TES. The...
Mr
JongHwa MOON
(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Korea)
17/09/2012, 17:30
A Compton suppression system (CSS) was implemented at a neutron activation analysis laboratory of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) in 2009 and its performance was evaluated experimentally by the measurement of a gamma-ray emitting source and of detectable nuclides created by neutron activation with the NIST standard reference materials (SRMs). Four geological and five...
Mr
Takuya Yokokita
(Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
It is expected that the element 106 seaborgium (Sg) is redox active, because molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W), the homologues of Sg, have various oxidation states. Electrochemistry of superheavy elements (SHEs), including Sg, with atomic numbers ≥ 104 is very interesting, because valence electron structure of SHE would be influenced by strong relativistic effect. However, the voltammetry for...
Dr
Yoshitaka Kasamatsu
(Osaka University, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Chemical properties of transactinide elements (Z ≥ 104), superheavy elements, are unexpected from the properties of its homologues in the periodic table due to strong relativistic effect on the orbital electrons in the heavy elements. Studies on the transactinide elements have, therefore, attracted many scientists. On the other hand, it is very difficult to perform chemical experiments of...
Dr
Rugard Dressler
(Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The synthesis [1] and chemical [2] investigation of new elements are one of the most fascinating tasks in nuclear physics and radiochemistry. Especially for the investigation of their chemical properties the unam¬biguous identification of the decay of their isotopes is a very important prerequisite. The time-re¬solved spectroscopic recording of alpha particles emitted during the decay of an...
Dr
Antonia Denkova
(TU Delft, Netherlands)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The energy transferred to the medium surrounding a small seed of a radioactive isotope decreases steeply with distance from the seed and depends on the nature of the particulate and/or electromagnetic radiation emanating from it. This highly-localized dose distribution is used to effect in brachytherapy for the radiotherapeutic treatment of malignant tumours. Accurate monitoring of such a...
Mr
Jan Holub
(Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Czech Republic)
17/09/2012, 17:30
This work reports on synthesis, complexation and radiolabeling study of new macrocyclic ligands for selective complexation of gallium, which might serve as potential radiopharmaceuticals for 68Ga-PET bone imaging. Bone-targeting bis(phosphonic) acid moiety, as a distant, non-coordinating group was appended to the 1,4,7-triazacyclonone-1,4-diacetic acid macrocyclic fragment through acetamide or...
Yang Wang
(Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China), Prof.
Zhi Qin
(Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, China)
17/09/2012, 17:30
A new chemical system of metal carbonyl complexes was used for studying the gas-phase chemical behavior of Mo, Tc, and Ru isotopes with a low temperature on-line isothermal gas chromatography apparatus. Carbonyl complexes were synthesized using hot atom gas chemical reactions with carbon monoxide and a 252Cf fission source. On-line isothermal chromatography (IC) experiments, on Teflon and...
Dr
Jiří Mizera
(Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The study has been aimed at elucidation of source materials and processes leading to formation of anomalous phonolites from the Lusatian Mountains (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic). For a detailed geochemical study of the phonolites, various modes of instrumental neutron (short and long time irradiation, including the epithermal and fast neutron mode) and photon activation analyses were...
Dr
Camila Elias
(U), Prof.
Elisabete De Nadai Fernandes
(University of Sao Paulo)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The concentration of chemical elements in plants and in their edible parts varies according to the plant genotype, soil fertility, environmental factors and agricultural practices. Based on such relation, chemical elements have been used to discriminate the origin of food, identifying species or variety, cultivation system and geographic region, amongst other characteristics. Trace elements...
Dr
Jon Petter Omtvedt
(Univ. Oslo, Norway)
17/09/2012, 17:30
SISAK is an automated liquid-liquid extraction system adopted to one-atom-at-time studies of transactinide elements [1]. It is directly connected to flow-through Liquid-Scintillation (LS) detection cells for unique identification of a given transactinide using alpha-alpha correlations and Pulse-Shape Discrimination (PSD) of beta- and gamma-induced events [2]. The system works behind a...
Paulo Silva
(Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Brasil)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The demand for herbal medicines is growing worldwide. According to data from the World Health Organization, approximately 80% of world population has resorted to the benefits of certain herbs with therapeutic action popularly recognized. The determination of major, minor and trace elements and the research of metabolic processes and their impacts on human health is of great importance due to...
Ms
Camila Elias
(CENA/USP, Brasil)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Mineral nutrients are essential chemical elements for a normal development of dogs. There are two groups of mineral nutrients required by dogs, macro minerals (Ca, P, K, Na, Cl and Mg) and trace minerals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se, I). The body cannot synthesize any of them, thus dietary supplementation in proper quantity is crucial. Oversupplementation of one element may result in the deficiency of...
Dr
Wafa JAHOUACH-RABAI
(Laboratory de Radiochemistry, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (CNSTN), Technopole Sidi Thabet,Tunisia.)
17/09/2012, 17:30
This work is a contribution to the valorization of nuclear technics for environmental monitoring, mainly natural radioactivity in edible vegetation. The activities of natural radionuclides in major groups of widely used spices and medicinal plants in Tunisia have been investigated. In this aim, 18 selected samples imported from different countries were purchased in the dried form of roots,...
Dr
Alena Paulenova
(Oregon State University, USA)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The reliable separation methods for neptunium assume the ability to maintain a preferred oxidation state. However, regardless of its initial redox speciation, a series of reactions occurs in nitric acid to create a mixture of oxidation states including Np(V), Np(VI) and sometimes Np(IV). Additionally, the irradiated solutions such as dissolved nuclear fuel contain both transient and...
Ms
Judit Groska
(Radanal Ltd., Hungary)
17/09/2012, 17:30
One of the most critical part in the treatment of liquid radioactive wastes is the separation process of tervalent actinides, especially that of Am in acidic solutions. After decades of investigation a new extraction chromatographic material, the DGA resin was developed with good extraction properties for all actinides, moreover extremely high extractability towards Am1.
Our goal was to...
Dr
Kazuhiko NINOMIYA
(Osaka University, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Quantitative elemental analysis is one of the most important themes in the field of natural science. For example, in the field of archeology, determination of elemental composition provides useful information to understanding the history and propagation of technology and culture. The archeological samples are highly valuable and the surface of these samples is usually oxidized or coated....
Dr
László Szentmiklósi
(Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Efforts are being made at laboratories worldwide to develop Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) towards a position-sensitive technique. It was proven earlier that the complete scanning with a few-mm-resolution is only practical on small objects due to constrains of experiment time and neutron flux. A feasible alternative is the combination of neutron radiography with prompt gamma...
Prof.
Flavia Groppi
(LASA, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milano, Italy)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Nanotechnology, perceived as one of the key technologies of this century. Despite the term "nanotechnology" is synonymous with things that are innovative and highly promising, little attention has been dedicated to the other side of the coin, i.e. the research on toxicological effects and on the relations with factors that can affect the nanotoxicity on human health and on the environment....
Mr
Hans V. Lerum
(University of Oslo, Norway), Mr
Henrik Norén
(University of Oslo, Norway)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Education in radiochemistry and dissemination of culture in nuclear and radiochemistry
Poster
Many institutions across Europe (and elsewhere) teach radiochemistry, more or less with the same content. At most institutions, the teaching material has been created and developed in-house through many years and frequently through many generations of teachers. In most cases, the material is not publicly available. However, from time to time institutions have to create new courses or at least...
Dr
Robert Eichler
(Paul Scherrer Institut)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The most common way to chemically investigate transactinides since almost 50 years is by using a gas based transport setup. The "gas-jet" method has proved to be very useful as a fast transport medium, allowing investigations of nuclei with half-lives down to about a second. However, for sub-second nuclei gas-jet type transport has quite poor efficiency due to decay losses. Transport in vacuum...
Dr
Julia Even
(Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Germany)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Until now gas phase chemical studies of transactinides (TANs) focused on simple, inorganic compounds. The harsh conditions behind the target (plasma and heat) in general prevented direct synthesis of, e.g., organometallic compounds. In the last years, this limitation could be overcome by the combination of a physical recoil separator with chemistry setups. [1]
We report here on initial...
Prof.
Jerzy Mietelski
(IFJ PAN – The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland), Mr
Krzysztof Kleszcz
(IFJ PAN – The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The 99Tc is a long lived (T1/2=2.11×105 years) fission product. It is worldwide spread as remains of global fallout. It is also released from nuclear reprocessing factories and was present in nuclear accident fallout, like Chernobyl for instance. This is also a decay product decay of short lived (T1/2=6 h) 99mTc, the most popular nuclear medicine isotope. The large difference in half life...
Dr
Stanislav Pavelka
(Institute of Physiology, ASCR, Prague/Masaryk University, Brno)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Pavelka S.1,2
1Department of Radiometry, Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague and 2Institute of Biochemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Described are details of our newly elaborated radiometric methods for extremely sensitive determination of enzyme activities of iodothyronine deiodinases (IDs) of types 1, 2 and 3 in...
Dr
Ewelina Chajduk
(Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The potential usage of arsenic isotopes for nuclear medicine has been reported recently. One of the way for obtaining appropriate radioarsenic species is using radionuclide generator, where As is formed by the radioactive decay, eg. 72Se 72As. A new radiochemical separation scheme based on extraction chromatography for isolation As from Se is presented. The distribution coefficients of ...
Dr
Ewelina Chajduk
(Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland)
17/09/2012, 17:30
The aim of this work was elaboration of radiochemical scheme for separation micro-amounts of uranium and protactinium from macro-amounts of Th, what can be helpful in nuclear power engineering for the analysing thorium-uranium fuel cycle as well as IV generation nuclear reactors. Naturally abundant isotope of thorium, 232Th is the fertile material. In the nuclear reactor, 232Th is transmuted...
Dr
Stanislav Pavelka
(Institute of Physiology, ASCR, Prague/Masaryk University, Brno)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Pavelka S.1,2
1Department of Radiometry, Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague and 2Institute of Biochemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
White adipose tissue (WAT) represents an important target for thyroid hormones (TH), which are known to modulate adipose tissue metabolism and differentiation of adipocytes. However,...
Manjing LIN
(Singapore Health Services Pte Ltd, China)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Methods and Materials:
The diclofenac hydroxy-derivative precursor was prepared via five steps synthesis from 2,6-dichloroaniline.
The radio-synthesis was carried out according to the method described by Wang MW et al with some modifications. It started from the displacement of tosyl group from 1,2-bistosyoloxyethane with 18F-fluoride to afford 18F-fluoroethyltosylate followed by...
Dr
Jan Kozempel
(Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Nano-sized materials have highly interesting physico-chemical properties that may be employed to great advantage in many areas. However, their application in various fields of society (e.g. in consumer products, including cosmetics or food) also implies safety issues. Many studies on nanoparticle toxicity have been performed, but a basic problem regarding risk assessment is nanoparticle...
Dr
Atsushi Toyoshima
(Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Redox studies of the heaviest elements are fascinating because they provide information on the binding energies of the valence electrons which are expected to be influenced by increasingly strong relativistic effects. All heavy elements with atomic number ≥ 101 are produced in heavy-ion induced nuclear reactions. They are only available as short-lived radioisotopes and only as single atoms....
Prof.
Jukka Lehto
(Laboratory of Radiochemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Two inorganic ion exchangers manufactured by Fortum company, Finland, and developed in collaboration with the Laboratory of Radiochemistry, University of Helsinki, have been selected for the radionuclide removal in a new purification system of Energy Solutions, USA, to be commissioned at the Fukushima power plant in 2012. The system will purify approximately 200,000 m3 of highly contaminated...
Ramiz Aliev
(Moscow State University, Russia)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Due to high linear energy transfer (LET) of about 100 keV/µm and low path of about 50-100 µm in biological tissue of alpha particles, alpha-emitters are promising for targeted radiotherapy of cancer. The number of potential alpha-emitters that could be used in medical applications is limited by the requirements of half-life, availability of these alpha-emitters and experimental difficulties in...
Dr
Maya Jäggi
(Radioanalytics - Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland)
17/09/2012, 17:30
A method for the sequential, and quantitative, separation of Pu, Sr-90 and Am-241 radionuclides in environmental soil and sediment samples is presented (oder: has been developed). After wet- and dry-ashing of the samples, Pu and Am-241 were preconcentrated from the leaching solution on DGA resin, whereas Sr-90 was not retained and collected in the eluate. Pu was then separated from Am-241...
Dr
Yutaka Miyamoto
(JAEA, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Abundance and isotopic ratios of trace uranium (U), thorium (Th), lead (Pb) and lanthanides in environmental samples play a key role to investigate features of the samples. In the environmental samples such as rocks, soils, and airborne dusts, trace U, Th, Pb, and lanthanides are contained with major elements such as Na, K and Fe. These major elements and the polyatomic ions which originated...
Dr
Abeer Alharbi
(Princess Nora University, Saudi Arabia)
17/09/2012, 17:30
99mTc radioisotope is a very important medical radioisotope for diagnostic tests. In this work an alternative root of producing this isotope, either directly or through the generator 99Mo (99mTc ) , namely using cyclotrons, is introduced and discussed. The excitation functions for the different proton-induced nuclear reactions on natMo target are measured and compared with some previously...
Dr
Akihiko YOKOYAMA
(Kanazawa University, Japan)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Rutherfordium (Rf) has attracted a lot of attention in research on the chemical properties of a superheavy element. For the purpose of its speciation in aqueous solution, we aim to observe the chemical behavior of Rf by means of reversed-phase chromatography with a chelate extractant of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) as the stationary phase. It extracts quadrivalent metal ions preferentially,...
Dr
Cigdem ichedef
(Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection; Ege University Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Turkey)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a wide range of applications in cosmetics, wound dressings, food packaging and also in medical sciences such as drug and gene delivery systems because of their effective antibacterial properties [1,2]. This wide usage increases environmental and human exposure to AgNPs which may cause undesirable biological and ecological effects. Recent studies showed that...
Ms
Ana Simões
(Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Molecular imaging holds the promise of non-invasive assessment for biological and biochemical processes in living subjects using specific imaging tracers. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a highly specific and sensitive molecular imaging technique with widespread use for research and clinical application. The majority of PET studies today are performed with molecules labelled with...
Dr
Kil Yong Lee
(Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Korea)
17/09/2012, 17:30
It is well known that organic solvent, such as benzene and toluene, has the highest level of solubility for radon, being approximately 50 times higher than the solubility of radon in water at the same environmental conditions such as temperature and pressure. The inhomogeneous distribution of radon between water and organic compounds allows for utilizing naturally occurring radon as aqueous...
Dr
Dirk Mueller
(Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zentralinik Bad Berka, Germany)
17/09/2012, 17:30
Introduction
It is well known that iron ions have a strong impact on the labeling efficiency of DOTA-peptides with 68Ga. In a draft for a monograph of 68Ga-chloride for the European Pharmacopoeia (PHARMEUROPA, Vol. 23, No. 3, July 2011) a maximum concentration for iron is given with 10 µg/GBq. The concentration should be determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.
Easier to handle but...
Dr
Jana Sulakova
(CTU Prague, Czeck Republic)
17/09/2012, 17:30
In this work a procedure developed for direct determination of radionickel in boric acid containg evaporator concentrate generated at VVER nuclear power plants has been validated for repeatability. For nickel separation, this method uses the composite material PAN-DMG (dimethylglyoxime incorporated in porous beads of polyacrylonitrile) to selectively bind 59+63Ni from the above mentioned...
Prof.
Andreas Türler
(Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute & Bern University, Switzerland)
18/09/2012, 08:00
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Invited Lecture
With the recent synthesis of element 117, the 8th row of the Periodic Table of the Elements is complete. Also, the elements with atomic numbers 114 and 116 have now officially been named Flerovium and Livermorium by IUPAC. Significant progress has not only been achieved in synthesizing new elements, but also in their chemical characterization. In my contribution I will give an overview of the...
Prof.
Rolf-Dietmar Herzberg
(University of Liverpool, UK)
18/09/2012, 08:30
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Invited Lecture
A growing number of experiments is currently opening up the transfermium region of nuclei for detailed spectroscopic investigations [1,2]. In the deformed nuclei in the nobelium region this allows an identification and mapping of single particle orbitals closest to the top end of the nuclear chart.
Initial in-beam measurements in the region focussed on γ-ray spectroscopy of even-even...
Prof.
Jens Volker Kratz
(Universität Mainz, Germany)
18/09/2012, 09:00
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Invited Lecture
The unique role of the heaviest elements in chemical and physical sciences is discussed. With the actinide series (Z = 90 – 103) and the superactinide series (Z = 122 – 155), the heaviest elements have significantly shaped the architecture of the Periodic Table of the elements. Relativistic effects in the electron shells of the heaviest elements change the chemical properties in a given group...
169.
INVITED LECTURE - Vacuum thermochromatography - prospective method for heaviest element studies
Prof.
Ivo Zvara
(JINR Dubna, Russia)
18/09/2012, 09:30
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Invited Lecture
The title technique for separating species with dissimilar adsorbability uses deeply evacuated columns with imposed negative longitudinal temperature gradient. Then the molecular flow, though convectionless, produces deposits peaking in individual temperature ranges. This fundamental mechanism - random walks from wall to wall - calls for rigorous Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, which require a...
Dr
Yuichiro Nagame
(Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan)
18/09/2012, 09:50
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Invited Lecture
Chemical characterization of the heaviest elements in aqueous-phase experiments is performed by a partition method with single atoms, e.g., liquid-liquid extraction, ion-exchange chromatography, and reversed-phase extraction chromatography. In these processes, the behavior of the heaviest elements is compared with that of its lighter homologues under strictly identical conditions. Several...
Dr
Robert Eichler
(Paul Scherrer Institute,Switzerland)
18/09/2012, 10:10
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Oral Communications
Sophisticated gas-phase chromatography experiments with superheavy elements Cn, E113, and Fl are performed using noble gas atmospheres as carrier gases with only trace amounts of oxygen and water mainly to ensure the elemental state. Surprisingly, during these experiments the gas phase transport of volatile species of Po and Bi have been observed. Their deposition behaviour on gold surfaces...
Dr
Nikolay Aksenov
(Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia)
18/09/2012, 10:25
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Oral Communications
We conducted a new round of experiments to isolate and study chemical properties of 268Db, the end product of 288115 synthesized in a 48Ca + 243Am reaction. In contrast to previous experiments [1, 2] the reaction products passed through a gas filled recoil separator (DGFRS) and were stopped in a catcher (copper foil) which provided an additional separation from the actinides with a...
Prof.
Christoph Düllmann
(University of Mainz + GSI Darmstadt + Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Germany)
18/09/2012, 10:40
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Oral Communications
The experimental determination of chemical properties of element 114 (E114) is among the hottest topics in superheavy element research. A first experiment reported E114 to be highly volatile, and to form weak physisorption bonds with Au surfaces [1]. However, the large uncertainties of the measured adsorption enthalpy covered a wide range in volatility, which prevented the experiment from...
Gilles Montavon
(Subatech, France)
18/09/2012, 10:55
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Oral Communications
Astatine 211 is considered to be one of the most promising candidates for targeted alpha therapy (TAT)1, 2 and it is the subject of a wide research program in Nantes (France).
Very few data on the chemistry of astatine (At) are available. On the one hand, At is a rare element and it has only short half-life radioactive isotopes. On the other hand, it is an “invisible” element: the amount of...
Dr
Hiromitsu Haba
(RIKEN, Japan)
18/09/2012, 11:10
Chemistry of radioelements and Super Heavy Elements research
Oral Communications
Chemical characterization of superheavy elements (SHEs, atomic numbers Z ≥ 104) is an extremely interesting and challenging subject in modern nuclear and radiochemistry. We have been developing a gas-jet transport system coupled to the RIKEN gas-filled recoil ion separator GARIS as a novel technique for SHE chemistry. This system is a promising approach for exploring new frontiers in SHE...
Prof.
Zoltan Homonnay
(Eotvos Lorand University, Hungary)
18/09/2012, 11:50
Reaction mechanisms and nuclear recoils, nuclear based spectroscopies (MOSSPEC and PAS), radiation geochronology, isotope effects
Invited Lecture
Mössbauer Spectroscopy is technique basically used for the analysis of solid systems due to the neccessity of recoilless gamma emission and absorption. 57Fe offers very convenient conditions for Mössbauer measurements, and this is why iron containing systems ranging from alloys to minerals have been studied and reported in thousands of scientific papers, and Mössbauer Spectroscopy became a...
Prof.
Igor M Villa
(Universität Bern, Switzerland; Università Milano Bicocca, Italy)
18/09/2012, 12:10
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Invited Lecture
The IUPAC-IUGS joint Task Group “Isotopes in Gesciences”, TGIG, has evaluated the published measurement results for the decay constant (i.e. half life) of 87Rb and updated those of 235U and 234U relative to that of 238U. A significant part of our evaluation was the effort to follow strict metrological criteria (VIM, 2012) in our assessment of the measurement uncertainties according to GUM...
Dr
Xiaolin Hou
(Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark)
18/09/2012, 12:30
Reaction mechanisms and nuclear recoils, nuclear based spectroscopies (MOSSPEC and PAS), radiation geochronology, isotope effects
Invited Lecture
With the increasing requirement on rapid reaction system fot nuclear emergency preparedness, increasing numbers of nuclear facilities being decommissioned, as well as radioecological investigation, a large number of environmental, biological and waste samples need to be rapid analyzed for various radionuclides. Except gamma emitting radionuclides, other radionculides have to be first separated...
Mr
Christian Smorra
(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Heidelberg, Ruprecht Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany)
18/09/2012, 12:50
Reaction mechanisms and nuclear recoils, nuclear based spectroscopies (MOSSPEC and PAS), radiation geochronology, isotope effects
Invited Lecture
High-precision measurements of ground-state properties of exotic nuclides such as nuclear binding energies, spins, radii, and moments, can be used to test nuclear models far away from the valley of stability. TRIGA-SPEC, located at the research reactor TRIGA Mainz, aims to investigate the ground-state properties of short-lived fission products produced by thermal-neutron-induced fission of...
Dr
Wataru Sato
(Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Japan)
18/09/2012, 13:10
Reaction mechanisms and nuclear recoils, nuclear based spectroscopies (MOSSPEC and PAS), radiation geochronology, isotope effects
Oral Communications
Perovskite manganese oxides (AMnO3) are known to exhibit the effect of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR), a phenomenon that electrical resistivity undergoes a drastic change as large as five to six orders of magnitude by an applied magnetic field. Because of this unique physical property, much attention has been given to these oxides aiming at wide industrial applications. In order to realize...
Luciano Cinotti
(M.E.Rivus s.r.l, Italy)
18/09/2012, 14:55
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Invited Lecture
The path to develop advanced nuclear reactors that are superior to current systems is described in the 2002 Roadmap Report entitled “A Technology Roadmap for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems” which was prepared by the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) in 2002. This roadmap defined challenging technology goals for advanced reactor systems in four major areas:
• Sustainability,
•...
Dr
Wei-Qun Shi
(Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)
18/09/2012, 15:30
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Invited Lecture
Nuclear energy chemistry is one of the frontier areas of chemistry with high impact on national security, energy supply, scientific advances, social and economic development. Nuclear energy chemistry in China is now experiencing a renaissance, which is being strongly motivated by China’s huge demand for nuclear energy. In this presentation, the progress in nuclear energy chemistry of China is...
Dr
Francesco TROIANI
(ENEA/NUCLECO SpA), Dr
Giacomo GRASSO
(ENEA)
18/09/2012, 15:50
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Invited Lecture
The growing awareness of the urgent need to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and to increase the security of energy supply are changing significantly the energy scenarios of the world and low-carbon energy technologies in the next future will play a crucial role. To this end, although severe accidents occurred over the years, many countries are still considering nuclear energy as an...
Dr
Vladimir A. Pavshuk
(Russian Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Russia)
18/09/2012, 16:10
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Invited Lecture
Molybdenum-99 is the most important and widely used medical radionuclide which production in required quantities is possible only by fission products of Uraniun-235. In clinical practice the share of Mo-99 usage reaches approximately 80% of the total amount of radioisotope diagnostic procedures in the world. Strontium-89 is used for oncology and anesthesia and is capable of replacing...
Dr
Paolo Giovanni Saracco
(Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. Genova, Italy)
18/09/2012, 16:50
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Invited Lecture
In the framework of research on generation IV reactors, it is very important to have the
opportunity of using infrastructures specifically dedicated to the study of fundamental
parameters in kinetics and/or dynamics of future, fast-neutron based, reactors, a
capability not available for presently available zero-power prototypes.
We propose the conceptual design of an ADS with high safety...
Prof.
Carlo Pagani
(University of Milano and INFN LASA, Italy)
18/09/2012, 17:10
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Invited Lecture
Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) have been considered and deeply studied since mid nineties as a possible solution to transmute long lived minor actinides and fission products in order to reduce the radio-toxicity of nuclear waste repository. The ADS scheme has been one of the driving objective for the strong development since then of the design of high intensity proton accelerators with MW...
Prof.
Leonid Ponomarev
(NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Russia)
18/09/2012, 17:30
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Invited Lecture
L.I. Ponomarev
NRC “Kurchatov Institute” and MUCATEX, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
The extremely high solubility of PuF3, AmF3 and the fission product fluorides in the eutectics LiF-NaF-KF observed recently (Fig.1 and 2) [1,2] allows to create the efficient molten salt reactor – transmuter (MSRT) for transmutation of the minor actinides (MA) from the spent nuclear fuel [3]. This observation...
Dr
Yury Sobolev
(Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernchemie, Germany)
18/09/2012, 17:50
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Invited Lecture
Ultracold neutrons (UCN) are free neutrons with very low kinetic energies corresponding to v~ 5m/s. They can be stored both in material and magnetic traps and thus observed hundreds of seconds limited only by their natural lifetime. The long observation times make it possible to perform precision experiments on the neutron's fundamental properties such as the search for its electric dipole...
Ms
Barbara Filipowicz
(Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland)
18/09/2012, 18:10
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Oral Communications
Due to the high selectivity, radiation resistance, thermal and chemical stability, inorganic ion exchangers have being widely used in the treatment of reactor coolant and aqueous nuclear wastes. Among others, inorganic sorbents, hydrous titanium dioxide are proposed as the promising inorganic sorbent for the efficient separation of fission and corrosion products such as 137Cs, 90Sr,...
Mr
Yusuke OHASHI
(Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan)
18/09/2012, 18:25
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Oral Communications
Most of the metal or bed material wastes generated from uranium enrichment facilities or uranium refining and conversion plants are contaminated by uranium fluoride compounds. It is desirable to recover as much uranium as possible from these wastes. Additionally, if these wastes are decontaminated up to a level regarded as nonradioactive waste, the decontaminated materials should be reused....
Prof.
Jerzy Narbutt
(Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland)
18/09/2012, 18:40
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Oral Communications
Selective separation of actinide elements from highly radioactive nuclear waste is the key issue for modern technologies of nuclear waste reprocessing. Partitioning of long-lived minor actinides, in particular americium, and their subsequent transmutation into short-lived radionuclides would lead to a significant reduction of long-term environmental hazard from this radiotoxic waste, and...
Dr
Hee-Jung Im
(Nuclear Chemistry Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Korea)
18/09/2012, 18:55
Nuclear fuel cycles, present Gen III+ NPPs, Gen IV and Th based reactors
Oral Communications
Usually radiolytic gases (such as oxygen and hydrogen molecules) are not detected in cooling system of a research reactor even under room-temperature irradiation conditions. However, the presence of certain amounts of boric acid, which is known as a water soluble thermal neutron absorber, produces an evolution of gases in significant quantity in the reactor at room temperature. To study the...
Prof.
Syed M. Qaim
(Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany)
19/09/2012, 08:00
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
Nuclear data play a key role in the optimisation of production routes of medical radionuclides. In general, the production data of all commonly used diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides are well known. The international activities to standardise those data will be reviewed. Furthermore, some recent efforts to develop alternative routes of production of a few widely used radionuclides, such...
Prof.
Alex hermanne
(Cyclotron lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium)
19/09/2012, 08:30
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
A. Hermanne1, R. Adam-Rebeles1, P. Van den Winkel1, L. De Vis1, R. Waegeneer1, F. Tarkanyi2, S. Takacs2, M.P. Takacs3.
1 Cyclotron Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Belgium.
2 Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Atomki), Debrecen,...
Prof.
Susanta Lahiri
(Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, India)
19/09/2012, 08:50
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
`In last two decades our research group is involved in the heavy ion assisted production and separation of neutron deficient no-carrier-added radionuclides. The advantage of heavy ion assisted production is choice of wide range of projectiles and therefore increasing the possibilities of reaching desired radionuclide far from the stability line. The main disadvantage is low production cross...
Prof.
John C Clark
(University of Edinburgh, UK)
19/09/2012, 09:10
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, radiodiagnostics, radiotherapy, theragnostics
Invited Lecture
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging requires radiolabelled materials (biomarkers) incorporating radionuclides that decay by positron emission.
They are largely neutron deficient and are made with a charged particle accelerator usually a cyclotron.
The most important radionuclides are 18F, 11C, 15O and 13N although an increasing interest is being seen in the radio metals in particular...
Dr
Renata Mikolajczak
(NCBJ Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Poland)
19/09/2012, 09:30
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
Radioisotope Centre POLATOM is a state owned laboratory in the structure of the National Centre for Nuclear Research. POLATOM develops techniques for practical application of radioisotopes in various sectors, among them majority of products and services used in health care. POLATOM is supporting domestic and international users in highly specialized radiopharmaceuticals and radiochemicals for...
Dr
Cathy Cutler
(University of Missouri, USA)
19/09/2012, 09:50
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
The University of Missouri Research Reactor Center (MURR) was instrumental in the development of two commercialized radiotherapeutic agents: Sm-153 [Quadramet] for the palliation of pain due to metastatic bone cancer, and Y-90 labeled glass microspheres [Therasphere] for the treatment of liver cancer. MURR is now actively developing other radionuclides with potential for use as targeted...
Dr
Rostislav Kuznetsov
(Research Institute of Atomic Reactors, Russia)
19/09/2012, 10:10
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
Production of Mo-99 was established in Russia more than 20 years ago. First facilities were placed at the Institute of Physics and Power Engineering and Karpov Physico-Chemistry Research Institute (both in Obninsk city). They were focused on domestic supply and had limited production capacity. The IPPE facility was shut-down a few years ago. The Karpov Insititute’ facility continues its...
Mr
Ali YOUNES
(SUBATECH laboratory (UMR 6457), Nantes 44307, France)
19/09/2012, 10:30
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Oral Communications
A new method is proposed for the production and purification of polonium-210 (Po-210). This method is based on the bombardment of a bismuth-209 (Bi-209) target with a 38 MeV alpha particle beam that conducts to the production of astatine-210 (8.1 hrs) which decays to Po-210. It is further purified from bismuth target by a wet method using a liquid –liquid extraction process with tributyl...
Prof.
Steve McQuarrie
(University of Alberta, Canada)
19/09/2012, 11:00
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
Researchers at the University of Alberta have demonstrated that it is possible to produce and extract clinically significant quantities of 99mTc via the 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc nuclear reaction. Cyclotron targets have been engineered which significantly enhance their power-handling capacity to allow for extended high current irradiation. In addition, a process has been developed which allows for the...
Dr
G. Steyn
(iThemba LABS, South Africa)
19/09/2012, 11:20
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
At iThemba LABS, proton beams of 66 MeV are used for the routine production of radionuclides and for neutron therapy. Between treatment irradiations, the beam is switched to the radionuclide production vaults and vice versa. Dedicated beam time for radionuclide production is also scheduled at night.
In recent years, several facility upgrades and new additions had been geared towards...
Dr
Boris Zhuikov
(Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia)
19/09/2012, 11:40
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
The isotope production facility at 160 MeV proton beam of linear accelerator in the Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences (Troitsk) has the following characteristics providing high power irradiation:
- 4-cooling of the targets (from 1 to 14 targets at one time);
- slanting 26o-angle beam on the target;
- lithium beam window between accelerator vacuum and...
Dr
Francois Nortier
(Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA)
19/09/2012, 12:00
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
Large scale production of isotopes proceeds at the Isotope Production Facility (IPF) of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), using intense 100 MeV proton beams. The main metric of this program’s success is the reliable time-critical delivery of large quantities of high-purity medical isotopes, which in turn depends upon many aspects including robust high power targetry, availability of...
Dr
Ferid Haddad
(Subatech / ARRONAX, France)
19/09/2012, 12:20
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
ARRONAX, acronym for "Accelerator for Research in Radiochemistry and Oncology at Nantes Atlantique", is a high energy (70 MeV) and high intensity multi-particle cyclotron located in Nantes (France). It is designed to be able to extract two proton beams simultaneously (dual beam mode) up to 2*375µA. Beams can be delivered into 6 experimental vaults: Four are devoted to radionuclide production...
Dr
Leonard Mausner
(Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA)
19/09/2012, 12:40
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Invited Lecture
Our program is presently investigating the production of 67Cu, 86Y and 225Ac. The half life and beta emission of 67Cu have long been recognized as attractive for radioimmunotherapy. The short lived positron emitter 86Y should be useful for patient dosimetry measurement prior to high dose 90Y immunotherapy. The alpha emitter 225Ac may be attractive for treatment of micrometastases, but supply...
Dr
Emilio Andrea Maugeri
(PSI, Switzerland)
19/09/2012, 13:00
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Oral Communications
Lead-Bismuth Eutectic has been proposed as spallation neutron target and as a coolant for Accelerator-Driven System. One of the main issues of using LBE is related to the production of Polonium and its potential release.
Tellurium was chosen as surrogate in order to designing experimental set-ups for investigating gas-phase chemical properties of Polonium and its compounds.
Carrier-free...
Antje Bremer
(Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Geramany)
19/09/2012, 13:15
Nuclear Chemistry, Radionuclide Production, High-Power Targetry
Oral Communications
Reducing the long-term radiotoxicity and heat load of spent nuclear fuel by separating long-lived radionuclides and converting them into shorter lived or stable nuclides by fast neutron induced fission reactions is the aim of the so called partitioning and transmutation strategy (P&T).[1] Key step is the separation of the trivalent actinides Am(III) and Cm(III) from the trivalent lanthanides...
Dr
Enrico Sabbioni
(European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology-ECSIN, Veneto Nanotech ScpA, Italy)
19/09/2012, 14:50
Applications of radioactive tracers and nanoparticles
Invited Lecture
Currently, enormous progress is being made in producing a great number of nanomaterials. However, in spite of hundreds of nano-products produced and currently available on the market a huge health and safety questions remain unsolved, and the assessment of possible health risks of nanoscale materials before they become ubiquitous in every aspects of life is necessary. In order to reach this...
Prof.
Jan Kucera
(Nuclear Physics Institute, AS CR, CZ-25068 Husinec-Rez 130, Czech Republic)
19/09/2012, 15:10
Applications of radioactive tracers and nanoparticles
Invited Lecture
Attempts are being made to replace radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) by other analytical techniques capable of low-level element determination, such as various modes of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) for single-element determination, various modes of mass spectrometry, especially inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for multielemental analysis and/or by...
Dr
Vladimir Zaichick
(Medical Radiological Research Center, Russia)
19/09/2012, 15:30
Applications of radioactive tracers and nanoparticles
Invited Lecture
The contents of twelve trace elements in normal (n=37), benign hypertrophic (n=43) and cancerous tissues (n=60) of the human prostate gland were investigated by instrumental neutron activation (INAA) and by radionuclide-induced (109Cd) energy dispersive X-ray fluorescent (EDXRF) analysis. The contents of Ag, Co, Cr, Fe, Hg, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, and Zn, and of Br, Fe, Rb, Sr, and Zn were measured by...
Prof.
Dietrich Behne
(Helmholtz Centre Berlin, Germany)
19/09/2012, 15:50
Applications of radioactive tracers and nanoparticles
Invited Lecture
Most metals and metalloids present in biological materials are bound to proteins where they have essential tasks as part of the catalytic centers of enzymes or as structural components. It has been estimated that in the biosphere a multitude of these compounds exists but so far relatively few of them have been detected. Since in most cases the presence of a metal or metalloid in a protein...
Dr
Dorothea Schumann
(Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland)
19/09/2012, 16:10
Applications of radioactive tracers and nanoparticles
Invited Lecture
High-energetic protons and secondary particles produce in interaction with matter – due to the broadness of the induced nuclear reactions – a big variety of radionuclides, with some of them being very rare, exotic, and, in several cases, difficult to be produced by complementary reactions. Depending on the nature of the activated material, valuable isotopes, interesting for scientific and...
Prof.
Heino Nitsche
(University of California, Berkeley, Department of Chemistry, USA)
19/09/2012, 16:30
Applications of radioactive tracers and nanoparticles
Invited Lecture
We have undertaken the design, synthesis, and testing of reusable mesoporous materials for actinide and lanthanide separation, sequestration, and sensing. An experimental-computational collaboration has yielded several materials with a high binding capacity for 239Pu: functionalized mesoporous silica, mesoporous carbon, and ferrihydrite. Advances have been made with all three types of...
Dr
Karsten Franke
(HZDR, Germany)
19/09/2012, 16:50
Applications of radioactive tracers and nanoparticles
Oral Communications
Radioactive tracers provide a simple and effective tool for transport studies of nanoparticulate materials within environmental samples at laboratory scale. Compared to classical approaches radiolabelling of nanoparticles (NP) offers advantages in sensitivity and selectivity together with the possibility of in-situ imaging of transport phenomena. Particularly with regard to quantitative...
Dr
Sung-Hee Jung
(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Korea)
19/09/2012, 17:05
Applications of radioactive tracers and nanoparticles
Oral Communications
Bimetallic nanoparticles of Au with Ag, Cu, and Ir were synthesized by irradiating aqueous bimetallic ions with gamma radiation that generates hydrated electrons neutralizing the metal ions to a particle form. The bimetallic nanoparticles were coated with SiO2 making them chemically and physically stable when released into the environment and most of industrial processes for hydrodynamic...
Prof.
Kattesh Katti
(University of Missouri, USA)
19/09/2012, 17:20
Applications of radioactive tracers and nanoparticles
Oral Communications
The most practiced approach of drug delivery in cancer therapy over the last century has involved intravenous administration of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic or radionuclide-based nuclear medicine agents. Limited affinity of targeted chemotherapeutic agents or radiopharmaceuticals to tumor cites and also the vascular and interstitial transport barriers continue to pose vexing challenges in...
Prof.
Kenan Unlu
(The Pennsylvania State University, USA)
19/09/2012, 18:00
The United States faces a shortage of medical isotopes for clinical use and for research and development of new therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. The Society of Nuclear Medicine and the National Cancer Institute in the USA have noted that 64Cu and 67Cu isotopes are in short supply. The isotope 67Cu (t1/2 = 61.83 h) emits a beta particle useful for cancer treatment and has several...
Prof.
Petra Panak
(University of Heidelberg, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
With regard to an efficient partitioning process the separation of the trivalent minor actinides from the chemically similar fission lanthanides is one of the key issues. This separation process requires highly effective extracting agents. Alkylated bis(1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)pyridines (BTP) and alkylated bis([1,2,4]triazin-3-yl)-[2,2’]bipyridines (BTBP) are among the most promising SANEX...
Dr
Nick Evans
(Loughborough University, UK)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The binding of 109Cd to isosaccharinic acid using advanced solid state NMR techniques was examined. The complexes, as well as ISA itself, were analysed at 3 different pHs (7, 10 and 13). Various solid-state NMR techniques were used. CP-MAS provided C-13 spectra of the complexes and the related dipolar dephasing method helped to determine the assignment of CH and CH2 groups. Slow sample...
Dr
Juan Esposito
(INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Italy)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Technetium 99 metastable is the most important and widely used radionuclide in nuclear medicine for over 80% of all diagnostic procedures. Recent shortage of this isotope prompted the international scientific community to ask for investigations on new possible production routes. As possible alternatives to the current reactor-based...
Mr
Jumpei KANAYA
(RIKEN, Japan)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
On March 11, 2011, an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 occurred near the east coast of Honshu, Japan, and was followed by a large tsunami. The disasters caused damage to the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP), resulting in the release of radionuclides into the environment. Hence, we initiated an urgent measurement of the radioactivity concentrations of airborne radionuclides at the...
Prof.
Pavol Rajec
(BIONT, Karloveská 63, Bratislava, Slovakia)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Objectives: The reaction route 64Ni(p,n)64Cu is very popular for the preparation of 64Cu because its entrance channel is accessible at low energies and yield of reaction is quite high. The objective is to develop a module for automated production of 64Cu at BIONT site.
Methods: Electrodeposition was performed in galvanostatic mode at current 10–100 mA. Electroplating was accomplished within...
Dr
Jiří Mizera
(Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR, Czech Republic)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Contents of uranium in coals from Odeř in the northernmost part of the Sokolov Basin, Czech Republic, reach extremely high values, up to several wt%. The coal seam is situated in the vicinity of well known St. Joachimsthal uranium ore deposits. The coals from Odeř can be classified as xylitic to detritic brown coal orthophase.
The present study has been aimed at investigation of this...
Dr
Steffen Happel
(TrisKem International, Bruz, France)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Safety and appropriate management of nuclear waste are of major importance in radioisotope production. Radioiodine has been identified as one of the most dangerous radioelements in terms of radiological effects on the population in case of accidental release; accordingly substantial efforts have been made to optimize the iodine capture in liquid effluents during the production process to avoid...
Dr
Lee Chuan-Pin
(Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
It plays a very important role for characterizing sorption behaviors of cesium (Cs) and selenium (Se) on Taiwanese mudrocks to retard the migration of radionuclides from a radioactive waste repository. In this study, two non-linear heterogeneity-based isotherms, Langmuir-Freundlich model (LF) and generalized-Freundlich model (GF), were applied for the evaluation of the sorption characteristics...
Mr
Christian Stieghorst
(Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
At the research reactor TRIGA Mark II of the Institute for Nuclear Chemistry of the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany, the interdisciplinary field of archaeometry is studied by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Currently the work is concentrated on three different projects in archaeological context: Provenance analyses of ancient Roman limestone findings in the...
Dr
Manuel Navarrete
(National University of Mexico, Mexico)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
As a result of plus than two thousand nuclear tests performed since 1945, two war actions and few accidents in nuclear reactor, it does already exists a radioactive contamination at global scale. This contamination has been accumulated mainly in marine sediments, because sea is about 80% of planet surface, and solid fission products released by nuclear explosions are transported by wind first...
Dr
Hidetoshi Kikunaga
(Tohoku University, Japan)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The Fukushima 1 Nuclear Power Plant suffered major damage from the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake and subsequent tsunami on March 11, 2011 and released various radionuclides. Monitoring of environmental radioactivity should provide important information on the behavior of the radionuclides.
To investigate the time variation of atmospheric activity concentration of...
Mr
James Holt
(Loughborough University, UK)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The main aim of this research is to design and develop a novel class of selective sorbents or sequestrating agents for various actinides, fission products, heavy metals and groundwater contaminants using a bespoke modular design of solid-supported polymers and containment-specific ligand groups.
Our current research has seen us attach the ligand known as APTES straight to the surface of...
Mr
Oluwasola Afolabi
(Radiochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, UK)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The occurrence of radioactive scales in oil & gas production facilities is a major concern for the petroleum industry. Activities exceeding 1KBq/g radium-226 and 30KBq/g lead-210 have been reported in solid scales from the UK sector. When progeny are taken into account, total activities levels may exceed the UK threshold for Low Level Radioactive Waste (LLW) disposal. Increased radiation...
Dr
François Caron
(Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Laurentian University, Canada)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Natural Organic Matter (NOM) is a collection of molecules originating from the decomposition of built biomass, and also from exudates from biological activities. The constituents of NOM are poorly characterized molecules of various molecular sizes and functional groups that could affect the fate of radionuclides and other contaminants. In this work, groundwaters have been sampled near a...
Prof.
Joao Alfredo Medeiros
(Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
In1987 to 1988, we were in charge of chemical decontamination of different materials, from soils, roads, hospitals, schools, houses indoor, house-wares and roofs to people, and their urines and feces, and water, highly contaminated with 137-Cs from a radiotherapy device (1300 Ci or 48,1 TBq), robbed from a deactivated hospital in demolition, in Goiania. The source structure we decontaminate...
Prof.
Sergey Kulyukhin
(Frumkin' Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The current approaches to spent nuclear fuel treatment lead to the occurrence of radionuclides in repositories and ponds for the storage of fuel elements. In addition, radionuclides, including the above-mentioned ones, are components of low-activity liquid waste. Despite the efforts taken to localize radioactive compounds, they penetrate into the environment, including the World Ocean. The...
Dr
Thomas Rabung
(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The EURATOM FP7 Collaborative Project “Crystalline Rock Retention Processes” (CP CROCK) is established with the overall objective to develop a methodology for decreasing the uncertainty in the long-term prediction of the radionuclide migration in the crystalline rock far-field. The project is launched in response to the need identified in conjunction with selection of retention data for the...
Dr
Karsten Franke
(Dept. Reactive Transport, Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig-Site, Germany ; Dept. Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmacy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig-Site, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Studies of the environmental fate of nanoparticulate TiO2 require suitable tools for tracing the nanoparticles in complex environments and media. A promising method is the isotopic radiolabelling of the TiO2-nanoparticles with 44Ti (T1/2 = 47.3 a) or 45Ti (T1/2 = 3.08 h). Due to the different decay modes and half-lives,...
Dr
Jean Aupiais
(CEA DAM DIF, France)
19/09/2012, 18:00
We present the development of a new kind of active actinide target, based on organic liquid scintillators containing the dissolved isotope that can be used for fission studies, but also for (n,xn) reactions measurements and potentially for radiative capture experiments. Amongst many advantages one can mention the very high detection efficiency, the Pulse Shape Discrimination capability, the...
Dr
Martin Buchholz
(Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
In view of new arising hybrid imaging methods, e.g. the PET/MRT combination [1], it is of high interest to develop new multimodal imaging tracers. In these imaging tracers rests the potential for the evaluation of old and new contrast agents in MRT, especially concerning new nanoparticle contrast agents. A large part of these newly composed MRT contrast agents are manganese based [2]....
Dr
Jana Merešová
(Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Belgium)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The Euratom Treaty obliges Member States of the European Union to perform measurements of the radioactivity on their territories and to report the results to the European Commission. Therefore, regular European comparisons are conducted in order to verify the performance of the monitoring laboratories. In 2011, the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM) organised an...
Dr
Muhanad Alrakabi
(Department of Physics, Al Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq. Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The elemental analysis of the samples collected from marshes water, river water and ground water in Thi Qar region of Iraq are done using the Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique (EDXRF). The water samples are collected from Al-Hammar marshes, Central marshes, Tigris river and Euphrates river. The residues obtained after drying ground water are analyzed using the EDXRF spectrometer...
Dr
Lucio Leonardo
(Ipen/CNEN, UNIP- Universidade Paulista, Brasil)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
For the last 20 years, the brazilian most important tin and lead industry has been producing these metals in Pirapora do Bom Jesus, a city placed in state of Sao Paulo. As a consequence of the industrial process, wastes are released into the environment mainly as dust and in slag which is stored in piles in open air. The concentration of natural radioactivity can be increased as well as the...
Dr
Monica Felipe-Sotelo
(Loughborough University, UK)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
One option for the long-term management of intermediate level radioactive wastes is deep geological disposal. The waste is grouted with cement in steel canisters for disposal; after closure, the repository may be backfilled with more cement. The cement porewater is expected to be of high pH due to cement dissolution and low Eh due to canister corrosion. This work describes a series of long...
Ms
Sinikka Virtanen
(University of Helsinki, Finland)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
To study the mobility of the natural radionuclides in forest soil a five step sequential extraction procedure was carried out to soil samples taken from various depths down to three meters at the Olkiluoto Island, Finland, where the final disposal repository of spent nuclear fuel is planned to be constructed in the bedrock. The studied extraction fractions were exchangeable, acid-soluble,...
Dr
Manuel Navarrete
(National University of Mexico, Mexico)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Since 1992 the Chemistry Faculty of the National University of Mexico has been performed studies about environmental natural radioactivity, gamma, radon and thoron levels in the Metropolitan Zone of Mexico City (MZMC) and other cities like the Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara (MZG). This work report the gamma absorbed dose rate measured at the beginning with Ca SO4: Dy + PTFE and in the ...
Dr
Monica Felipe-Sotelo
(Loughborough University, UK)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The current concept for the disposal of intermediate- and low-level waste in the UK involves the placement of grouted waste confined in stainless steel canisters in a cementitious repository deep underground. While the cement will buffer the porewater to a highly alkaline pH, contributing to the retardation of radionuclides by precipitation, this could potentially create an alkaline plume...
Prof.
Amares Chatt
(Dalhousie University, Canada)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The instrumental measurement of very low activities from naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) by gamma-ray spectrometry requires the use of detection systems with the lowest possible external activity. Generally, lead shielding and special detector construction materials are used for this purpose. In our laboratory, we have combined a lead shield and a Compton suppression system...
Nicole Bauer
(Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
In case of an accidental release of radionuclides to the environment actinides can cause a serious health risk upon incorporation. There is only deficient knowledge about the chemical behavior and toxicity of actinides in man. With regard to the development of potential decontamination therapies, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of relevant biochemical reactions is necessary.[1]...
Dr
Muhanad Alrakabi
(Department of Physics, Al Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq. Department of Physics, Panjab University,Chandigarh,India)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique (EDXRF) is used for elemental analysis of the samples collected from the ground water and the canal water in the Bathinda district of Punjab state, India. The residues obtained after drying the water samples are analyzed using the EDXRF spectrometer consisting of 42Mo-anode X-ray tube equipped with selective absorbers as an excitation source...
Ms
Mareike Schwinger
(Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The natural abundance of 129I has been changed through anthropogenic activities, such as nuclear weapon testing, nuclear accidents and reprocessing of nuclear fuel. Mainly as a con-sequence of continuous releases of 129I from the nuclear reprocessing facilities in La Hague (France) and Sellafield (UK), 129I is in a state of disequilibrium in all environmental compart-ments in Western...
Dr
Abdelouahed Daraoui
(Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany), Dr
Beate Riebe
(IRS / Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Germany), Ms
Mareike Schwinger
(Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
I-129 (T₁/₂=15.7 Ma) is produced both naturally and as result of human nuclear activities. Nowadays, the amount of anthropogenic I-129 in the atmosphere and in surface waters has continued to increase due to releases from the spent nuclear fuel reprocesssing plants, particularly in Western Europe, from the nuclear reprocessing plants La Hague (France) and Sellafield (U.K.). In the atmosphere,...
Dr
Beate Riebe
(IRS / Leiniz Universitaet Hannover, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The environmental abundance of 129I has been changed substantially, mainly as a consequence of the 129I releases from European reprocessing plants [1, 2]. Iodine from wet and dry deposition is accumulated in soils, transported by surface waters, infiltrates groundwater, and makes its way through the biosphere. One of the goals of this project is to investigate the inventories of 129I and 127I...
Mr
Sebastian Kuhn
(Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
With rising interest in non-standard PET-nuclides also Ti-45 comes into focus. Its low maximum positron energy of 1.04 MeV in combination with the small amount of γ-rays (most intense at 720.22 keV: 0.15%) and its advantageous half-life of 184.8 min makes it a suitable nuclide, especially for studying some longer termed processes. There have been first investigations about its usability as...
Dr
Ichiro Nishinaka
(Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan)
19/09/2012, 18:00
An alpha radioactive nuclide 211At with a half-life of 7.2 h is a prospective candidate for utilization in targeted alpha radiotherapy. In a general way, 211At is produced through bombardment of a bismuth target with 28 MeV helium ions in the 209Bi(alpha,2n)211At reaction because of the high yield required for therapeutic purpose [1]. However, the nuclear reactions using lithium ion beams,...
Dr
Shun Sekimoto
(Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, Japan)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Neutron-induced reaction cross sections serve as a comprehensive nuclear database for estimating residual radioactivities in accelerator facilities. These data are also important in the field of cosmochemistry for deciphering the cosmic-ray irradiation history. However, neutron cross sections in the energy range above 100 MeV have scarcely been measured experimentally except for those from...
Mr
Ilya Usoltsev
(Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland)
19/09/2012, 18:00
I. Usoltsev1,2, R. Eichler1,2, J.P. Omtvedt4, O. V. Petrushkin3, D. Piguet1, A. V. Sabel’nikov3, A. Türler1,2, G. K. Vostokin3 , A. V. Yeremin3
1Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
2University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
3Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russian Federation
4University of Oslo, 0316...
Mr
Matthias Rizzi
(Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Liquid lead and liquid lead-based alloys are currently in discussion for application as spallation target material and coolant in neutron sources and Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS). The main disadvantage of lead-based alloys is the formation of Po-210 by nuclear reactions. This radionuclide is an alpha-emitter with a half-life of 138.8 days and therefore of high radiological concern due to...
Dr
Małgorzata Żółtowska
(National Centre for Nuclear Research, Poland)
19/09/2012, 18:00
The method of preparation of 57Co source applied in Mössbauer Spectroscopy was developed. This method comprised electrodeposition of carrier-free 57Co on rhodium foil followed by thermal diffusion of 57Co into rhodium matrix. A series of experiments were performed in order to determine the optimal conditions for electrodeposition of cobalt on rhodium foils 6um thick. Electrochemical cell...
Dr
Valerie Lourenço
(CEA, LIST, LNE-Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The monitoring of environmental radioactivity is important for public health protection. It is all the more important as the radionuclides can enter the food chain. Environmental nuclear analysis is usually carried out using γ-ray spectrometry on homogenized raw or treated materials (i.e. dried, sieved or ashed samples). The composition and density of environmental monitoring samples are very...
Mrs
Tanja Stowasser
(Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland)
19/09/2012, 18:00
7Be is an important radionuclide for investigations of several astrophysical processes and phenomena. The study of the destruction of 7Be during the first 10-15 minutes of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) via the 7Be(n,alpha)alpha reaction could help to understand the longstanding problem in BBN theory - the disagreement of the predicted abundance of primordial 7Li with the observed one. Another...
Dr
Alexander Mansel
(HZDR - Research Site Leipzig, Germany), Dr
Karsten Franke
(HZDR - Research Site Leipzig, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
60Co (T1/2 = 5.27 a) is one of the most used radionuclide for sterilization of medical equipment, as a radiation source for medical radiotherapy, industrial radiography and food irradiation due to the high gamma-energy of 1.33 MeV. In case of release in the geosphere, e.g. soil and aquatic systems, the migration behaviour of cobalt is not well understood. For geochemical investigations, e.g....
Prof.
Masatoshi Yamada
(Hirosaki University, Japan)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Anthropogenic radionuclides such as Pu-239 (half-life: 24,110 years), Pu-240 (half-life: 6,564 years) and Pu-241 (half-life: 14.35 years) have been released into the environment as the result of atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, disposal of nuclear wastes and nuclear fuel-cycle reprocessing operations, etc. In the North Pacific Ocean, two distinct sources of Pu isotopes can be identified;...
Mr
Zijian Zhang
(Osaka University, Japan)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
On March 12, 2011, a large amount of radioactive nuclides have been released into the environment by the nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station .
Our group started radioactivity measurements for I-131, Cs-134, Cs-137 and the other radio nuclides from air dust collected using high-volume air sampler by germanium semiconductor detector soon after the accident. Air dust...
Dr
Bernhard Scholten
(Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
The radionuclide 193mPt (T1/2 = 4.33 d) decays by highly converted isomeric transition emitting about 33 Auger electrons. It is of great potential interest in internal radiotherapy because of its suitable decay properties. So far the specific activity of 193mPt produced has been rather low due to the use of the 192Pt(n,γ)-process at a reactor. The...
Prof.
Susanta Lahiri
(Chemical Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Due to favourable nuclear and chemical properties, the radionuclides, 97Ru; 2.83 d, -rays: 215.70 keV (85.62 %) and 324.49 keV (10.79 %) and 95Tc; 20.0 h, -rays: 765.789 keV (93.8 %), have been found promising for the investigation of delayed physico-chemical and biological processes. Various 97Ru/95Tc-labelled complexes have also been proposed for this purpose. Production of high purity...
Mrs
Ezgi Yalcintas
(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
For the long-term performance assessment of nuclear waste repositories, reliable predictions of radionuclide mobility have utmost importance. 99Tc is a β-emitting long-lived (T½ ~ 211.000 a) fission product highly relevant for nuclear waste disposal. Tc(VII) and Tc(IV) are the most stable and dominant redox states of technetium under environmental conditions. Heptavalent Tc exists under...
Mr
Christoph Genreith
(Institute for Energy and Climate Research, IEK-6: Nuclear Waste Management and Reactor Safety, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
A Memorandum of Understanding for close collaboration in the field of prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGAA) has been formulated and signed by several institutions. This research alliance includes at the moment FZJ and FRM II from Germany, BNC from Hungary, and LBNL, and will be extended to LLNL and NIST from USA as well as JAERI from Japan. Besides development of PGAA and their...
Prof.
Ming-Chee Wu
(Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University,Taiwan)
19/09/2012, 18:00
This study investigates sorption and diffusion of Strontium (Sr) and Cesium (Cs) in two potential host rocks (granite from Kinmen Island and basalt from Penghu Island) by using batch and through-diffusion methods in order to establish a reliable safety assessment methodology. These methods were applied to crushed and intact rock samples to investigate the actual geological environment....
Prof.
J F Facetti - Masulli
(Universidad Nacional de Asunción - Paraguay)
19/09/2012, 18:00
The two fold purpose of this paper is to determine the composition of selected elements in Paraguayan wheat and flour as well as to analyse the implications of the bromine/bromate content on bakery products.Despite of its importance, there is a lack of information in regard to the normal values of the concentration of minor and trace elements in wheat from Paraguay East Region or Eastern...
Dr
Alexander Mansel
(Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany), Ms
Maria Poetsch
(Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Reactive Transport Division / Universität Leipzig, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Sr-90 is a long-lived radionuclide (T(1/2) = 28.6 a), produced as a by-product in nuclear power plants. Due to its chemically similarity to calcium, it follows the food chain from environment (e.g. aquatic systems and soil) to fauna and human in case of release in the biosphere. Strontium can be, as well as calcium, incorporated in bones. Stable isotopes of strontium might not be harmful, but...
Dr
Izabela Cieszykowska
(National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Poland)
19/09/2012, 18:00
The process of isolation of no-carrier added 177Lu produced via 176Yb(n,gamma)177Yb - 177Lu from mixture containing macroscopic amounts of the ytterbium target material was investigated. For this purpose a novel method of electrochemical selective amalgamation of ytterbium from 177Lu/Yb mixture into mercury-pool cathode was applied. The electrolyte solution contained mixture of 20 mg ytterbium...
Prof.
Susanta Lahiri
(Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India)
19/09/2012, 18:00
The room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C4mim][PF6] has found application in separation of a range of metal ions replacing volatile and toxic traditional organic solvents in liquid-liquid extraction (LLX) systems. Despite of disadvantage of probable release of HF in acidic reaction, the RTIL [C4mim][PF6] is used widely in developing green...
Mr
Bogdan Wąs
(The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland), Mr
Mirosław Bartyzel
(The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland), Dr
Ryszard Misiak
(The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Abstract – The yield of release of radioiodine from pressed elemental tellurium target and both sublimation and evaporation rate of target material were investigated under different experimental conditions.
Keywords – elemental tellurium target, dry distillation
I. Introduction
A separation of radioiodine by a dry distillation from irradiated TeO2 target is...
Mr
Olanrewaju Anjolaiya
(Loughborough University, UK)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Laterite soil obtained from Lagos, Nigeria was comprehensively characterised to determine the organic matter content, cation exchange capacity, surface area, and of mineralogical composition. The laterite was constituted mostly of Quartz (47.2 %), Kaolinite (42.6 %), Goethite (7.2 %), and hematite (2.1 %).
Batch sorption experiments for Cd, Cs, Ni & Sr to the laterite were performed from...
Mervi Söderlund
(University of Helsinki, Finland)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
A KBS-3-type repository for the spent fuel from the Finnish nuclear power reactors in Olkiluoto and Loviisa is to be built in the bedrock at the Olkiluoto site at the depth of approximately 400 m. The final disposal plan includes a safety assessment of the spent nuclear fuel, where the potential dose contributing nuclear waste nuclides for man are specified. As a part of this assessment, the...
Ms
Katja Lindner
(Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Uranium can be released into the natural environment especially from mining areas by weathering, erosion and anthropogenic activities as well as by nuclear incidents and thus represents a hazard potential for humans. New supramolecular complexing agents with N, O, S donor function are developed for the use in nuclear field and environmental protection to separate the metals of the d- and...
Dr
Samir safi
(CNRS, France)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
In the wake of the Fukushima accident assessing the mechanisms governing radionucleide impact on the environment (particularly the biosphere) is of great importance.
Most data available on the interaction of actinides with biological systems are based on physiological or biokinetic measurements, with scarce information on the microscopic factors such as structure of the actinide coordination...
Prof.
Igor Alekseev
(Radium Khlopin Institute, Russia)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Using several modes of Mossbauer spectroscopy, after effects have been studied of irradiating metallic iron with 1) thermal neutrons (fluence of 1.8∙E24 n∙m-2); 2) protons (energy, 6.0/2.0 МeV; fluence, 1.0∙E22 p∙m-2); 3) deuterons (energy, 9.0/7.3 МeV; fluence, 1.0∙E21 to 1.0∙E22 d∙m-2); 4) α-particles from a 238Pu source (energy, 5.5. MeV; fluence, 2.5∙E19 α∙m-2); 5) 12C- and 14N-ions...
Mr
Ivan Pidchenko
(Saint-Petersburg State University, Russia), Dr
Juhani Suksi
(University of Helsinki, Finland)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Study of uranium oxidation states in natural objects is important to estimate radioecological impact of U and as a natural redox monitor for assessing geological sites considered for long-term highly radioactive waste storage. In this work we studied U oxidation state distribution in the sediment samples by wet chemistry and synchrotron radiation method XAS. Novel wet chemical method for...
Dr
Juan Esposito
(INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare))
19/09/2012, 18:00
In the framework of INFN SPES (Selective Production of Exotic nuclear Species) special project, aimed the new frontier of nuclear physics research of unstable nuclei, the creation of a center for innovative radionuclides production for radiopharmaceuticals is also pursued. Such a dedicated project, called LARAMED (Laboratory of RAdionuclides for MEDcine) will take advantage of the high...
Prof.
Sergey Kulykhin
(Frumkin' Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia)
19/09/2012, 18:00
The localization of volatile radioactive iodine compounds by various sorbents from vapor-gas media is a vital issue for environmental protection during both irradiated nuclear fuel reprocessing and accidents at nuclear power enterprises, including nuclear power plants (NPPs).
The thermal decomposition of methyl iodide CH3131I, a volatile radioactive iodine organic compound, in a gas flow in...
Dr
Marcus Altmaier
(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Radioactive waste poses a serious danger to the environment. Consequently, many significant efforts are made to ensure the safe disposal of hazardous waste. In order to assess the long term safety of a repository, geochemical model calculations are used to analyze the performance of a system and predict the amount of radionuclides potentially mobilized from a repository. For reliable...
Prof.
Alexandra IOANNIDOU
(Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Physics Department, Nuclear Physics & Elementary Particle Physics Division, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The objective of this study is to define the time-lag between the elevation of tropopause and the concentration of 7Be in near surface air. The concentration of 7Be at surface air has been determined in the region of Thessaloniki, Greece at 40°N, over 52 weekly measurements covering the year 2009, a year of a deep solar minimum and of maximum concentration of 7Be, where any fluctuation due to...
Dr
Mojmir Nemec
(Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The uranium separation from natural waters was studied at the Department of Nuclear Chemistry in late 80´s and early 90’s. TiO-PAN absorber (titanium dioxide embedded in polyacrylonitrile) showed high sorption capacity for this element.
This composite absorber is planned to be used for uranium pre-concentration for measuring environmental 236U/U ratios by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry...
Dr
Thomas Rabung
(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Germany)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
Sorption processes on mineral surfaces play an important role in the retardation behaviour of radionuclides and have to be considered in performance assessment calculations. However, almost all available experimental data are restricted to low ionic strength conditions. Saline conditions are not restricted to solutions relevant to rocksalt formations. Elevated salt concentrations up to 6.5 M...
Prof.
Alexandra IOANNIDOU
(ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI, Greece)
19/09/2012, 18:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Poster
The activity concentrations of 238U and 234U have been determined in groundwater samples of deep wells in Anthemountas river basin, Northern Greece. The analysis was performed by alpha spectroscopy after pre-concentration and separation of uranium by cation exchange and finally its electro-deposition on stainless steel discs. Analysis by gamma spectroscopy was also performed. The uranium...
Dr
Mazhar Hussain
(Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan)
19/09/2012, 18:00
The radionuclide 67Cu can be produced via several routes. Initially the 67Zn(n,p)67Cu reaction was applied using a nuclear reactor. In a recent CRP of IAEA, the study of production of this radionuclide is in progress via the 67Zn(n,p)67Cu, 68Zn(p,2p)67Cu and 70Zn(p,α)67Cu reaction. In this work we have validated the neutron induced data for the production of 67Cu. The validation is based on...
Dr
Zsolt Revay
(Technische Universität München, Germany)
20/09/2012, 08:00
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Invited Lecture
The Forschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz at Garching (FRM II) is one of the largest neutron research centers in the world with almost 30 high-end instruments. The Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) facility is located at the cold neutron beam with a flux of 6 x 10^10 cm-2 s-1, the highest beam flux reported. The instrument has been reconstructed recently to enable elemental...
Prof.
Elisabete De Nadai Fernandes
(Nuclear Energy Center for Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Brasil)
20/09/2012, 08:20
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Invited Lecture
Currently, Brazil has become a leader in development of science and technology for the agribusiness sector of sugarcane. The country has maintained a tradition of decades as the world's largest producer of sugarcane preferentially oriented to the production of sugar and ethanol. In addition, bioelectricity generated by the burning of bagasse is employed to power mills with electric power...
Dr
Rolf Zeisler
(NIST, USA)
20/09/2012, 08:40
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Invited Lecture
This review of a 40-year practice in neutron activation analysis (NAA) is intended to illustrate the mutual benefits drawn from the values of a unique analytical tool and the enabling properties provided with the reference materials. During this period NAA transitioned rapidly to instrumental multi-element procedures based on high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry with germanium detectors. On...
Dr
Richard Lindstrom
(National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA)
20/09/2012, 09:00
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Invited Lecture
Nuclear methods have well-established advantages in chemical analysis. Paradoxically, many of these advantages stem from the absence of chemistry in the analytical process. Nuclear reactions are often easier to understand than chemical reactions, and nuclear methods are usually direct, with simple equations relating the laboratory measurements to the sought-for composition. Neutron activation...
Prof.
A. CHATT
(Dalhousie University, Canada)
20/09/2012, 09:20
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Invited Lecture
Trace elements play an important role in biological activities of living matter. A considerable amount of data on the total trace element levels in various biological tissues already exists in the literature. However, trace elements are mainly incorporated in proteins in these systems. It is important to separate these protein-bound trace elements for the identification as well as...
Prof.
György Pátzay
(BME KKFT, Hungary)
20/09/2012, 09:40
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Oral Communications
There are some tanks at the nuclear power plant in Paks, Hungary containing sludge type radioactive waste containing more or less liquid phase too. The general physical and chemical charactersitics (density, pH, total solid, dissolved solid etc.) and chemical and radiochemical composition of these sludges are important information for volume reduction and solidification treatment of theese...
Dr
Mickael Mendes
(CEA, France)
20/09/2012, 09:55
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Oral Communications
The increase of traffics of illegal nuclear materials requires the improvement in nuclear forensics. The age of the sample, which corresponds to the determination of the date of the last purification, can give information about its origin. The aim of this work is to develop an efficient procedure which allows the determination of the age of micro-quantities. Dating micro-quantities of uranium...
Dr
Petra Kudejova
(Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Forschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II), Garching, Germany)
20/09/2012, 10:10
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Oral Communications
The ultimate detection limits (DL) of the Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) method depend strongly on the amount and matrix of the measured sample as well as on the background signal contribution to the signal coming from the sample itself.
Recently, we have performed few experiments close to the detection limits for given elements at the high-flux-PGAA facility at FRM II in Garching....
Mr
Stefan Soellradl
(Paul Scherrer Institute & Universität Bern, Switzerland)
20/09/2012, 10:25
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Oral Communications
At the beam line of Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA), one of the most powerful cold neutron beams in the world is available for experiments with neutrons. It offers unique possibilities to improve the detection limits, counting statistics and allows even the detection of trace elements and extremely small samples.
Problems arise, if relatively high amounts of high-cross-section...
Dr
Christian Schütz
(Institute for Nuclear Chemistry, University of Mainz, Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2, D-55099 Mainz, Germany)
20/09/2012, 10:40
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Oral Communications
Category: Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Type of presentation: Oral presentation
Comparison of Quantitative Neutron Capture Radiography, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, and
Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis for Boron Determination in Biological Samples
C. L. Schütz, C. Brochhausen, D. Iffland, J.V. Kratz, B. Kuczewski,
G. Otto, T. Schmitz,...
Dr
Steffen Happel
(TrisKem International, Bruz, France)
20/09/2012, 10:55
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Oral Communications
Due to its radiotoxicity there is a strong need for the determination of Sr-90 in environmental samples. One of the main pathways for Sr-90 ingestion is the consumption of water; accordingly the determination of Sr-90 in water samples is of special importance, in routine analysis for environmental monitoring as well as in emergency situations and contamination control. Rapid methods are of...
Dr
Céline Bouvier-Capely
(IRSN/PRP-HOM/SDI, France)
20/09/2012, 11:10
Radioanalytical Chemistry and Nuclear Analytical Techniques
Oral Communications
The general population is chronically exposed to uranium and polonium mainly through day-to-day food and beverage intake. The measurement of these naturally-occurring radionuclides in drinking water is important to assess their health impact. The methods currently used for these analyses require tedious sample preparation techniques (evaporation, precipitation, column separation...) and long...
Prof.
Jan John
(Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, 115 19 Prague, Czech Republic)
20/09/2012, 14:00
Education in radiochemistry and dissemination of culture in nuclear and radiochemistry
Invited Lecture
The renaissance of nuclear power is already requiring a significant increase in the number of the respective specialists, amongst others are nuclear chemists. The project Cooperation In education in Nuclear CHemistry (CINCH) aims to coordinate the current fragmented and diverse activities in Nuclear Chemistry education and training in Europe both at Ph.D. and undergraduate levels, in...
Prof.
Jukka Lehto
(Laboratory of Radiochemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland)
20/09/2012, 14:20
Education in radiochemistry and dissemination of culture in nuclear and radiochemistry
Invited Lecture
Within the EU project CINCH (Cooperation in education in nuclear chemistry) a survey on education of nuclear and radiochemistry (NRC) in European universities was produced by the University of Helsinki, Laboratory of Radiochemistry. Altogether 22 countries and 69 universities were covered by internet survey and by sending a questionnaire to appropriate departments. 42 universities, including...
Dr
Teodora Retegan
(Chalmers University of Technology)
20/09/2012, 14:40
Education in radiochemistry and dissemination of culture in nuclear and radiochemistry
Invited Lecture
ECVET is based on concepts and processes, which are used in a systematic way to establish a common and user-friendly language for transparency, transfer and recognition of learning outcomes in Europe. The European Parliament and the Council have adopted ECVET in 2009 and since then a number of projects dealing with implementation of ECVET have started.
Eleven projects between 2008-2011 and...
Prof.
Bruce Hanson
(University of Leeds)
20/09/2012, 15:00
The CINCH project aims to coordinate education in nuclear chemistry, both at PhD and undergraduate levels, within the EU and Russia; targeting doctoral, masters’ students and research workers. Including these students into the system should increase attractiveness of the studies of nuclear chemistry and thus enlarge the source of highly qualified professionals for the future employers.
Across...
Prof.
Kenan Unlu
(The Pennsylvania State University, USA)
20/09/2012, 15:20
Education in radiochemistry and dissemination of culture in nuclear and radiochemistry
Oral Communications
Recent curriculum development in the Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering at Penn State University includes Laboratory Experiments in Applied Nuclear and Radiochemistry and a new Nuclear Security Education Program (NSEP) being develop in collaboration with MIT and TAMU with the support of the DOE-NNSA, Global Threat Reduction Initiatives. To supplement the NSEP and attract more...
Akihiko YOKOYAMA
(Kanazawa University),
Andreas Türler
(Paul Scherrer Institute & Bern University),
Heino Nitsche
(UC Berkeley &LBNL),
Jerzy Narbutt
(Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology),
Mauro L. Bonardi
(UNIMI and INFN - Milano),
Ramiz Aliev
(Moscow State University),
Tobias Reich
(Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz),
Weiqun Shi
(Chinese Academy of Sciences)
20/09/2012, 15:35
Prof.
Sue Clark
(Washington State University, USA)
21/09/2012, 08:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
Savannah River Site (SRS) is one of several US Department of Energy (DOE) sites that have been used to produce nuclear materials for defense, industrial, and medical purpose. During several decades of processing, low-level radioactive effluents were discharged at the site, which have subsequently migrated away from the disposal area. Remediation of the area is needed; however, remedial action...
Prof.
Grazia Gambarini
(Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy)
21/09/2012, 08:20
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
Gel dosimeters allow in-phantom verification of the absorbed dose spatial distribution in conformal radiotherapy treatments. Particularly advantageous are Fricke gel dosimeters in form of layers that can be analysed with very simple instrumentation, give precise results if properly calibrated and offer particular advantages in the mixed neutron-gamma fields of boron neutron capture therapy...
Prof.
Gabriele Wallner
(Inst. of Inorganic Chemistry, Univ. of Vienna, Währingerstr. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria)
21/09/2012, 08:40
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
236U with a half-life of 2.3∙107 years is produced via thermal neutron capture on 235U. In nature these neutrons may result from (α,n) reactions on lighter nuclides, spontaneous fission of 238U, induced fission of 235U and at the Earth surface they are part of the cosmic rays. Only small amounts of 235U are produced naturally from uranium in ores, soils and rocks, but a huge amount is produced...
Prof.
Tobias Reich
(Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany)
21/09/2012, 09:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
In several European countries argillaceous rocks have been considered as potential host rock for the construction of radioactive waste disposal repositories. Among potential migration paths, sorption and diffusion of radionuclides are the most important processes for the migration of these elements beyond the engineered barriers of the repository.
We have investigated the sorption of...
Dr
Ezio Previtali
(Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. Milano Bicocca, Italy)
21/09/2012, 09:20
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
In high sensitive experiments for rare events physics searches, the determination of contaminants is one of the most critical issue. Radioactive contamination in constructing materials can mimic the tiny signal of the studied events and this reduces the global experimental sensitivities. To fulfill the requests of experiments like double beta decay or dark matter searches, sensitivities in the...
Dr
Marcus Altmaier
(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Germany)
21/09/2012, 09:40
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Oral Communications
In order to assess the long-term safety of a nuclear waste repository it is essential to derive robust predictions of radionuclide solubility and speciation. Based upon correct and reliable chemical models it is possible to derive comprehensive sets of thermodynamic data and quantitatively analyse radionuclide behaviour for different scenarios. Coupling modern actinide speciation tools and...
Ms
Hanna Tuovinen
(University of Helsinki, Finland)
21/09/2012, 09:55
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Oral Communications
Many new ore prospecting projects have been launched recently in Finland, seeking to exploit both metalliferous and non-metalliferous (e.g. phosphate) mineral deposits. Currently there is increasing awareness of the radiological impact of non-nuclear industries that extract and/or process ores containing naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). These industrial activities may cause...
Dr
Dolores Arginelli
(ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Radiation Protection Institute, Integrated Laboratory of Radioactivity Measurement and Monitoring, Italy)
21/09/2012, 10:10
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Oral Communications
Since more than 40 years ENEA has been working in the field of radioactivity measurement especially for environmental and internal dosimetry monitoring purposes. This activity represents a great heritage of competences and experience, now collected in the Integrated Laboratory of Radioactivity Measurement and Monitoring of the ENEA Institute of Radiation Protection (IRP MIR), which acts in...
Prof.
Borut Smodiš
(Jožef Stefan Institute)
21/09/2012, 11:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
Inexpensive analytical tools such as gamma spectrometric measurements are usually applied in radiological monitoring of contaminated areas. However, detection limits obtained by such methods may not fit for the purpose, in particular when biological materials are to be analysed, so more sensitive techniques have to be considered. Appropriate option is radiochemical determination involving...
Prof.
Yasuyuki Muramatsu
(Gakushuin University, Japan)
21/09/2012, 11:20
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
A large amount of radionuclides was released from the accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in March 2011. We have studied distribution of radiocaesium and radioiodine in the environment and their transfer to agricultural products. Shortly after the accident, high iodine-131 concentrations were observed in leaf vegetables harvested in Fukushima and surrounding Prefectures. The...
Dr
Sergio Manera
(LENA - University of Pavia, Italy)
21/09/2012, 11:40
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
The aim of this study, performed on a sample of 2011 (year of the nuclear accident of Fukushima) green tea from the Japanese Prefecture of Shizuoka, was to measure by gamma spectroscopy the natural and artificial radioactivity and the dishomogeneity index of the sample, but also a more in depth investigation of the ratio of the two radionuclides of Cesium and the relative transfer mechanisms...
Prof.
Manuel Navarrete
(Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Mexico, Mexico)
21/09/2012, 12:00
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
Ancient raw materials are degraded and finally detroyed, mainly by humidity taking up dissolved salts from soil, which are deposited on walls surface breaking plasters and material structure as time goes by. This process is added to environment humidity and temperature changes, but in any case is proportional to porosity materials. This is why, such materials as limestone, sand stone and...
Prof.
Paolo Randaccio
(University of Cagliari, Italy)
21/09/2012, 12:20
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Invited Lecture
The radioactivity analysis often requires a very high sensitivity to detect minute traces of both natural and artificial radioisotopes. In many cases, to obtain the required sensitivity is necessary to carry out a concentration of the element to be determined. The measurement of the activity can be done by the alpha or gamma spectrometry according to the type of emission of the radioisotope to...
Dr
Taeko Shinonaga
(Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, Germany)
21/09/2012, 12:40
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Oral Communications
The isotopic composition of uranium (U) in aerosol samples collected before and after the accident of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDI-NPP), occurred on March 11, 2011, was studied. The aerosol samples were collected on filters by an air sampling system in Tokai, Japan (at 120 km south-southwestern of the FDI-NPP). The filter samples were divided into several parts and U isotopic...
Prof.
Flavia Groppi
(LASASegrate, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy)
21/09/2012, 12:55
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Oral Communications
An earthquake of magnitude 9.0 occurred on March 11, 2011 on the Pacific Ocean side of northern Honshu, Japan, followed by a tsunami that struck the east coast of the Tohoku region and caused a serious nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The contaminated air masses were transported across the Pacific towards the North American continent, Europe and Central Asia ...
Dr
José Antonio Corcho Alvarado
(Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland)
21/09/2012, 13:10
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Oral Communications
Here we report some new experimental results on the content of the long-lived plutonium radionuclides (238Pu, 239,240Pu, 241Pu) in the upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric aerosols. Plutonium radionuclides have been injected into the atmosphere by different processes (ex. nuclear weapon tests (NWT), burn-up of the satellite SNAP-9A, accidents in nuclear facilities, etc.). However,...
Dr
Samer Amayri
(Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, 55099 Mainz, Germany)
21/09/2012, 13:25
Radioactive elements in the environment, radiation archeometry and Health Physics
Oral Communications
The synchrotron radiation based techniques X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES: X-ray absorption near edge structure) have been used to determine the distribution and the chemical speciation of plutonium (Pu) after sorption and diffusion in Opalinus Clay (OPA, Mont Terri, Switzerland). Thin sections of OPA were contacted with 20 µM Pu(VI)-242 in OPA pore water (pH...
