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Frank Tecker (CERN)09/05/2022, 08:30
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Dr Rende STEERENBERG (CERN)09/05/2022, 08:45
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Dr Rende STEERENBERG (CERN)09/05/2022, 09:55
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Piotr Krzysztof Skowronski (CERN)09/05/2022, 11:25
The lecture is a refresher at the level of high school and the first year of engineering school. It covers electrostatics (Coulomb force, electric field, potential energy and Gauss Law), magnetostatics (magnetic forces, Amperes law, magnetic moments, magnets), electric and magnetic induction (Faraday Law, Ampere-Maxwell Law), Maxwell equations in integral and differential forms and...
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Irina Shreyber (Tomsk State University (RU))09/05/2022, 13:50
The goal of this lecture is to introduce the basic concepts of special relativity without overloading formulas. The theory of special relativity, originally proposed by Albert Einstein in his famous 1905 paper, has profoundly affected our view of physics, space, and time. This lecture briefly introduces the concepts behind special relativity, including length contraction, time dilation, the...
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Detlef Kuchler (CERN)09/05/2022, 15:00
The lecture delivers a basic overview of the terms and principles of particle production and extraction, including some plasma physics and a general ion source model. This information is further elaborated with the help of some examples of electron sources and ion sources.
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Paris Sphicas (CERN/Athens)09/05/2022, 16:30
We review the basic principles that lead to our current understanding of the fundamental elements of matter and their interactions, as codified in the so-called Standard Model of particle physics. Starting from the two pillars, Quantum Mechanics and the Special Theory of Relativity, and the resulting picture of interactions as the result of particle exchange, we will address the question of...
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Dr Bernhard HOLZER (CERN)10/05/2022, 08:45
This lecture gives an introduction to the dynamics of the transverse motion of the particles in an accelerator or storage ring. Following the general tenor of the school, special focus is put on a basic level of the explanations and so
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tedious mathematical deductions are avoided and replaced by logical arguments and equivalent descriptions in other fields of physics.
As a consequence the... -
Thomas Zickler (CERN)10/05/2022, 09:55
This lecture will focus on normal-conducting, iron-dominated accelerator magnets. In the beginning, we will explain the basic principles and technologies, how such magnets are designed and built, and what is their primary function in a modern particle accelerator. We will show interesting examples from the past and finally we will discuss whether normal-conducting magnets will play a strategic...
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Dr TECKER Frank (CERN)10/05/2022, 11:25
Contains the course material for the part I and part II.
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The lectures present an introduction to longitudinal beam dynamics on a basic level, focused rather on the concepts than the mathematical details.
It covers the basic methods of acceleration in a linac, presents different circular accelerator types, and focuses more on the longitudinal beam dynamics in synchrotrons.
The operation... -
Dr Bernhard HOLZER (CERN)10/05/2022, 13:50
This lecture gives an introduction to the dynamics of the transverse motion of the particles in an accelerator or storage ring. Following the general tenor of the school, special focus is put on a basic level of the explanations and so
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tedious mathematical deductions are avoided and replaced by logical arguments and equivalent descriptions in other fields of physics.
As a consequence the... -
10/05/2022, 15:00
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Alessandra Lombardi (CERN)10/05/2022, 16:30
In this lecture we review the fundamental principles of a linear accelerator, we look at different types of RF structures both in the TE and TM mode and we discuss their use at different velocities and/or charge over mass. We also discuss basic principles of dynamics (transverse and longitudinal phase advance) during acceleration. The lecture builds on examples taken by the present and past...
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Dr Bernhard HOLZER (CERN)11/05/2022, 08:45
This lecture gives an introduction to the dynamics of the transverse motion of the particles in an accelerator or storage ring. Following the general tenor of the school, special focus is put on a basic level of the explanations and so
Go to contribution page
tedious mathematical deductions are avoided and replaced by logical arguments and equivalent descriptions in other fields of physics.
As a consequence the... -
Dr Frank TECKER (CERN)11/05/2022, 09:55
Please see "Longitudinal Beam Dynamics I" for the complete set of slides.
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"The lectures present an introduction to longitudinal beam dynamics on a basic level, focused rather on the concepts than the mathematical details.
It covers the basic methods of acceleration in a linac, presents different circular accelerator types, and focuses more on the longitudinal beam dynamics in... -
Thibaut Lefevre (CERN)11/05/2022, 11:25
This lecture gives an introduction to Beam instrumentation in particle accelerators.
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It describes the physical processes and the technologies involved in the monitoring of beam
intensity, beam position, transverse and longitudinal beam profiles as well as beam losses.
The lecture also presents a series of examples of instruments currently used at CERN. -
Heiko Damerau (CERN)11/05/2022, 13:50
Radio-frequency (RF) systems deliver the power to change the energy of a charged particle beam, and they are integral parts of linear and circular accelerators. A longitudinal electrical field in the direction of the beam is generated in a resonant structure, the RF cavity. As it directly interacts with the bunches of charged particles, the cavity can be considered as a coupler to transport...
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Ezio Todesco (CERN)11/05/2022, 15:00
In this lecture we first discuss the requirements of the magnets in terms of aperture and beam size, the relations between dipole field and accelerator energy, and conditions of beam stability on the quadrupole gradient. We then show how the superconducting technology enables a technological leap, with current densities in the windings 100 times larger than what can be achieved with resistive...
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11/05/2022, 16:30
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Yann Dutheil (CERN)12/05/2022, 08:45
The storage and acceleration of particles in a synchrotron are typically limited to a range of energy, or magnetic rigidity, of a factor 15. Therefore, to accelerate protons from the 200 MeV Linac 4 to the 7 TeV it comes that a chain of at least 4 such synchrotrons is needed.
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The injection and extraction of beams between accelerators are essential to achieve a wide range of energies and a... -
Torsten Koettig (CERN)12/05/2022, 09:55
Cryogenics is the field of physics and engineering that deals with the production and effects at very low temperatures. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the largest cryogenic system in the world and one of the coldest places on Earth. The LHC's superconducting magnets operate at a temperature of 1.9 K immersed in pressurized superfluid helium (He II@ 1.3 bar) and the accelerating cavities at...
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Jorg Wenninger (CERN)12/05/2022, 11:25
A real accelerator may deviate significantly with respect to the ideal model due to manufacturing and installation uncertainties. Such deviations or imperfections impact many aspects like machine apertures, optics quality and performance, and they must be corrected to limit or minimize their impact of the beam. This lecture discusses the uncertainties affecting the linear machine: errors in...
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12/05/2022, 13:50
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Stephane Deghaye (CERN)12/05/2022, 15:00
The control system provides means to interact with the accelerators to the physicists and operators. Key Control System requirements are Settings management and control, acquisition with possible post-processing, long-term data logging, automation, and monitoring and diagnostics. Whenever possible, the Control System is based on industrial solutions for both the hardware and the software....
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Vincent Baglin (CERN)12/05/2022, 16:30
Vacuum systems are an intrinsic part of any accelerators around the world: all particles are circulating under vacuum. This lecture gives rudiments on fundamentals of vacuum science such as units, ideal gas law, partial pressure, mean free path, flow of molecules, conductance, pumping speed and outgassing. An overview of standard vacuum instruments for pressure measurement and pumping is...
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Xavier Buffat (CERN)13/05/2022, 08:45
The performance of most accelerators is linked to the amount and/or the density of the particles in the beam. The collective interactions of the charged particles within the beam usually sets the limit on these quantities, their understanding and mitigation is therefore crucial to maximise the performance of the machines. In this lecture we will address the basic principles of the various...
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Edda Gschwendtner (CERN)13/05/2022, 09:55
The construction of ever larger and costlier accelerator facilities has its limits, and new technologies will be needed to push the energy frontier. Plasma wakefield acceleration is a rapidly developing field which appears to be an auspicious candidate technology for future high-energy accelerators providing acceleration gradients with a factor 10 to 1000 larger than in conventional...
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Markus Zerlauth (CERN)13/05/2022, 11:25
The HL-LHC upgrade project will enable a tenfold increase in integrated luminosity delivered to the ATLAS and CMS experiments by the LHC. Achieving this objective started already recently by an upgrade of the machine protection, collimation and shielding systems during the second long shutdown (LS2) of the LHC, and is followed by the deployment of novel key technologies, including Nb3Sn based...
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Steinar Stapnes (CERN)13/05/2022, 13:50
A Higgs factory is considered the highest-priority next collider in the EPPSU 2020 strategy update. Two linear colliders projects, the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) and the International Linear Collider (ILC), currently under study are among the candidates being considered. CLIC uses X-band normal conducting technology operated at 70-100 MV/m, while ILC is based on Super-Conducting RF...
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Xavier Buffat (CERN)13/05/2022, 15:00
The Future Circular Collider (FCC) study is developing designs for a new research infrastructure to host the next generation of higher performance particle colliders to extend the research currently being conducted at the LHC, once the High-Luminosity phase (HL-LHC) reaches its conclusion in around 2040. The goal of the FCC is to push the energy and intensity frontiers of particle colliders,...
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13/05/2022, 16:30
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