Speaker
Alexander Gerbershagen
(PARTREC, UMCG, University of Groningen (NL))
Description
This lecture introduces the cyclotron as a compact and commonly used accelerator for medical and nuclear applications. Starting from the non-relativistic condition for a constant revolution period, it develops the basic principles of RF acceleration, harmonic operation, magnetic rigidity, isochronism, and phase stability. The lecture then discusses the practical consequences of relativistic mass increase, including the distinction between synchrocyclotrons and isochronous cyclotrons, and explains how magnetic-field shaping, sector focusing, spiral sectors, and betatron motion are used to preserve stable orbits over many turns. The cyclotron-specific methods for injection and extraction are also explained.
Author
Alexander Gerbershagen
(PARTREC, UMCG, University of Groningen (NL))