Non-perturbative effects in matrix model are associated to the eingevalues tunneling and control the large order behavior of the theory [Marino-Schiappa-Weiss'07]. An efficient way of computing these effects is to solve the matrix model (pre-)string equation with the so called trans-series ansatz [Mari\~no'08].
In this talk I will present some work in progress where non-perturbative effects in topological strings on toric backgrounds and in the Seiberg--Witten theory are explored.
A role analogous to the one of the string equation can be played, in the topological strings case, by the Blow-Up equations [Nakajima-Yoshioka'03]. We will show that the trans-series solution of the Blow-Up equations captures non-perturbative (in $g_s$) corrections that we will eventually interpret as due to instanton--tunneling in the Chern-Simons matrix model.