The limit of general relativity with small velocities and locally weak
gravity is not Newtonian gravity, but Newtonian gravity plus extra
degrees of freedom and extra constraints. This has implications for
cosmology. I will discuss the issue with a couple of examples,
concentrating on how this subtlety relates to the effect of structure
formation on the expansion of the universe.
References:
"Newtonian evolution of the Weyl tensor", G.F.R. Ellis and P.K.S.
Dunsby,
astro-ph/9410001
"Theorems on shear-free perfect fluids with their Newtonian
analogues", J.M.M. Senovilla, C.F. Sopuerta and P. Szekeres,
gr-qc/9702035
"Anisotropic Homogeneous Cosmologies in the Post-Newtonian
Approximation", Tamath Rainsford,
gr-qc/0007061
"Evaluating backreaction with the peak model of structure
formation" (section 5.2), Syksy Rasanen,
arXiv:0801.2692