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Despite its high cost, rhodium is a widely applied catalyst. So-called single-atom catalysis offers an opportunity to reduce the amount of Rh required for traditional heterogeneous catalysis, and a path to heterogenize homogeneous reactions.
Using STM, nc-AFM and XPS we compare the stability of Rh adatoms on two different model supports: $\alpha$-Fe$_{2}$O$_{3}(1\overline{1}02)$ and TiO$_{2}$(110), both after metal deposition in UHV and in a $2*10^{-8}$ mbar water background. We show that the Rh adatoms on $\alpha$-Fe$_{2}$O$_{3}(1\overline{1}02)$ sinter in UHV, but are stabilized by water up to 150 °C through coordination to 2$-$3 OH ligands. In contrast, Rh adatoms on TiO$_{2}$(110) could not be stabilized above room temperature.