High-field magnet designs for fusion increasingly utilize stacked high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes embedded in a solder matrix through vacuum impregnation. The extreme mechanical loads placed upon the tapes as well as multiple sources of heating within a fusion machine make voids within the solder matrix represent a critical source of uncertainty. If not properly accounted for...
Next-step US spherical tokamak test facilities and/or compact stellarators configured as fusion pilot plants (FPP) to support fusion commercialization are recommended options by multiple recent consensus studies. The goal for a FPP is to make 50-100 MW net electricity power plants with either extended long pulses or steady state options. Significant HTS conductor and coil technology efforts...
The superconducting conductor performance test facility SUPER-X, as an integral part of the superconducting magnet system for the key fusion reactor core system, is currently being developed by the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The 15T DC magnet in SUPER-X test facility serves as the core component, consisting of LF (low field) pancake coils and MF & HF (medium...
High-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets are emerging as key R&D components for compact and economical future fusion devices. Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), India, has undertaken an R&D initiative focused on the design and development of fusion-relevant HTS magnets. This initiative covers the development of compact solenoids and D-shaped magnets and dedicated test facilities. As a...
Demo4 is a unique, high-field device comprised of a total forty-four high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils made from stacked rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) tapes in a compact, spherical tokamak (ST) configuration. The complete magnet set consists of twenty-eight toroidal field (TF) coils manufactured into fourteen TF limbs, and sixteen poloidal field (PF) coils in two PF stacks....
The SPARC tokamak developed by Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center (MIT PSCFC) uses pulsed high temperature superconductor (HTS) magnets with composite insulation. Each of the SPARC insulated magnets is to be acceptance tested to 21 kV in Paschen minimum conditions, and any failures are to be repaired before...
General Atomics (GA) is fabricating seven ITER Central Solenoid Modules (CSM) for the ITER Organization (IO). As part of the fabrication process, all CSMs undergo factory acceptance testing (FAT) prior to shipment to the IO. The FAT includes Paschen testing the CSMs up to 15kV between 1e-3 and 100 mbar. During post-cooldown Paschen testing of CSM6, there was a fault on one of the terminal...
