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FoCal Cooling meeting
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Europe/Zurich
53/R-044 (CERN)
The focus of this meeting is on the status of the design of the FoCal cooling system.
More details about the FoCal detector are available in the Technical Design Report:
https://cds.cern.ch/record/2890281
The FoCal cooling system can be divided into 4 parts:
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ECAL core: cooling of the tungsten block and silicon sensors of the electromagnetic part of FoCal: 6 kW
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ECAL front-end: cooling of the electronics at the sides of the ECAL core. Total power (2 sides): 2 kW
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Pixel crate: crates hosting the readout and power electronics for the pixel sensors (installed in the ECAL core). Total power (2 crates): 0.9 kW
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HCAL: cooling for the hadronic part of FoCal. Total power: 1.2 kW
The ECAL core, ECAL front-end, and Pixel crate design were led by Jacek Świerblewski (IFJ PAN).
The design of HCAL was led by Maciej Czarnynoga (WUT).
The most challenging part for the cooling is ECAL core, since the performance of silicon sensors after radiation damage is strongly dependent on operating temperature. Ideally, the sensors should be at about 16C, a few degrees above the dew point.
The details of the cooling system are provided in slides 2-13 by J. Świerblewski.
The interface between the cooling pipe and the aluminum head exchanger has to be properly simulated and tested. The prototypes shown in slides 12 and 13 are not final, since in the final version the pipe is glued inside a groove for better thermal contact. Thermal contact will be improved using thermally conductive glue, but performance after irradiation should be verified.
Slides 14-18 describe the ECAL front-end and, slides 19-22 the Pixel crate.
Those two parts are less complex due to the lower total power and less stringent temperature requirements (operating temperature <50C).
The HCAL front-end electronics is still not finalized yet, therefore the cooling system cannot be finalized. A few preliminary concepts for the HCAL are presented in M. Czarnynoga’s slides.
The FoCal cooling system will have 4 lines (multilayer pipes), one per part as listed above.
Each line will be split in 2 for the 2 FoCal halves: thanks to the symmetry of the detector, it is not needed to have independent lines for the 2 halves.
Insulation of those lines will depend on cost, but it is strongly recommended for the line cooling ECAL core.
All pipes and connectors have to be tested at least at a pressure 50% higher than the expected maximum operating pressure.
A very preliminary estimation is a flow of 22 m3/h (slide 23 by J. Świerblewski). This number has to be verified.
Dry air is needed, but details are not defined yet.
FoCal will provide the final numbers before September 2025.
ALICE (Olivier Crespo-Lopez) will provide a preliminary quote for the cooling plant and piping up to the detector.
Planning for the construction of the new cooling plant:
If flow numbers are confirmed, a new cooling plant will be built because the HMPID plant is not capable of providing the requested water flow. The plant will be paid by FoCal
Sep 2025 (after the PRR): freeze plant specs (CV will take 20% margin)
Construction: until LS3
End installation and commissioning: Sep 2027
A new discussion is foreseen for March 2025, while a production readiness review is expected in Summer 2025.
Participants: I. Bearden, B. Bregant, T. Chujo, T. Cieślik, O. Crespo-Lopez, M. Czarnynoga, C. Gargiulo, E. Laudi, W. Maciocha, A. Matyja, N. Minafra, J. Otwinowski, J. Świerblewski, T. Van Der Brink, A. Tauro
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