Choose timezone
Your profile timezone:
CALOR 2026
→
US/Mountain
Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
Eldorado Hotel
309 W San Francisco St.
Santa Fe, NM 87501
Andrew White
(University of Texas at Arlington (US)),
Nural Akchurin
(Texas Tech University (US))
Description
21st International Conference on Calorimetry for High Energy Physics
Please see the main conference web pages
for all information on the program, registration, venue, accommodation.
Please note that the conference registration form is also available below.
**** PROCEEDINGS:
We expect to publish the CALOR 2026 proceedings via IOP.
Initial information:
- No page limit
- Projected deadline for paper submission for review OCTOBER 15
More information will be made available soon.
The University of Texas at Arlington Conference and Events Management
-
-
Early check-in/registration
The conference registration desk will be open late Sunday afternoon in an area adjacent to the hotel foyer and the conference room.
Convener: Staci Moore
-
-
-
ExperimentsConvener: Andrew White (University of Texas at Arlington (US))
- 1
-
2
The Mu2e Electromagnetic Calorimeter
The Mu2e electromagnetic calorimeter consists of two annular aluminum disks, each instrumented with undoped CsI crystals and read out by large-area arrays of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). The detector has been fully assembled and installed in the Mu2e experimental hall. The complete system—including photosensors, front-end and digital electronics, cooling, slow control, and data acquisition—was successfully commissioned during the assembly phase in a clean-room environment. Preliminary time and energy calibrations were obtained using cosmic-ray events and laser pulses. In this paper, we report the performance achieved in these preliminary tests and present the strategy for the final commissioning of the two disks in the Mu2e experimental hall.
Speaker: Lorenzo Crescimbeni (INFN sezione di Pisa) -
3
The ePIC Longitudinally Segmented Forward HCal (LFHCAL) - engineering status and beam test results
The Longitudinally Segmented Forward Hadronic Calorimeter (LFHCal) is a sampling hadronic calorimeter which will cover the forward (hadron-going) region from $1.2 < \eta < 3.5$ in the ePIC detector at the EIC. The physics goals of the EIC demand strong jet reconstruction performance in this region to investigate small momentum-fraction
phenomena. To achieve this, the LFHCal is constructed from alternating layers of steel plate and 5x5 cm scintillator-on-SiPM tiles, enabling fine segmentation in both the transverse and longitudinal shower measurement. Prototype LHFCal modules have been tested at the CERN PS and SPS beam lines using HGCROC ASICs to digitize the signals.
This contribution will present the design, engineering and module production plans as well as the latest beam test results from recent beam test campaings in April and May 2026.Speaker: Emily Pottebaum (Yale)
-
10:00
Coffee Break
-
ExperimentsConvener: Dr Matteo Salomoni (University of Milano-Bicocca)
-
4
The Barrel Imaging Calorimeter of the ePIC detector at the Electron-Ion Collider
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a next-generation facility expected to address fundamental open questions in nuclear physics, including the structure and dynamics of gluons in nucleons and nuclei. The Barrel Imaging Calorimeter (BIC) is the electromagnetic calorimeter of the ePIC detector, designed to meet the stringent performance requirements of the EIC, providing precise measurements and particle identification of scattered electrons, photons, and neutral mesons.
The BIC is a high-granularity sampling calorimeter based on lead absorbers interleaved with scintillating fibers, complemented by pixelated imaging layers based on the AstroPix monolithic active pixel sensor. This hybrid design enables both accurate energy and position measurements, as well as three-dimensional shower reconstruction, making it a key component for realizing the full physics potential of the EIC.
The BIC has successfully completed its Preliminary Design Review last year and is currently progressing toward the Final Design Review. In this talk, I will present an overview of the BIC concept and focus on its current status and performance results from bench tests, system integration studies, and recent beam tests.
Speaker: Bobae Kim (Argonne National Laboratory) -
5
Operational Stability and Performance of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter in the LHC Run 3
The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is a central component of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, providing measurements of hadronic energy and playing a key role in the reconstruction of hadronic jets and missing transverse momentum. In the LHC Run 3 (2022–2026), TileCal has operated under increased luminosity and pile-up conditions, with up to approximately 65 interactions per bunch crossing during physics data-taking.
A robust operational model, combining detector hardware, high-voltage and cooling infrastructure, dedicated software workflows, and calibration procedures, has ensured stable and reliable operations. Data-taking efficiencies exceeding 99.3% have been consistently achieved, with a stable detector response and high data quality maintained throughout the data-taking period.
TileCal performance is validated using isolated muons and hadrons as well as multi-jet events, demonstrating high precision and excellent timing. This contribution presents the calorimeter structure, the LHC Run 3 operational strategy, and the latest performance results, including absolute energy scale, response uniformity, and time resolution.Speaker: Dr Tomas Davidek (Prague CU)
-
4
-
12:00
Lunch
-
ExperimentsConvener: Henric Wilkens
-
6
The LS3 Enhancement of the LHCb Electromagnetic Calorimeter
The High-Luminosity LHC era poses severe radiation and occupancy challenges for the LHCb electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL). To guarantee good physics performance during Run 4, a crucial enhancement is planned for Long Shutdown 3 (LS3). This enhancement involves replacing the innermost 176 modules with novel Spaghetti Calorimeter (SpaCal) technology and reorganizing the existing Shashlik modules into a rhombic geometry to optimize occupancy. The new central region will comprise 32 SpaCal-W modules with 3D-printed tungsten absorbers (2×2 cm$^2$ cells) and 144 SpaCal-Pb modules with cast lead absorbers (3×3 cm$^2$ cells), both equipped with radiation-tolerant plastic scintillating fibres. To maximize light collection while avoiding the radiation-induced transparency loss typical of standard PMMA, these modules utilize novel hollow light guides, coated with an Enhanced Specular Reflector (ESR) film, that transport light through the air and have shown no optical degradation up to 300 kGy. Suitable Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) candidates have been selected, and extensive laboratory tests have been performed to ensure they meet robust Run 4 operational requirements, such as stable operation in the external magnetic field and after expected irradiation. Test beam campaigns at the CERN SPS and DESY successfully validated full-size module prototypes with complete readout chains, obtaining results in line with the requirements and well described by simulations. This presentation will review the final design of the LS3 enhancement, highlight the latest test beam performance and component validation results, and describe the ongoing mass production of SpaCal modules.
Speaker: Matteo Salomoni -
7
Development of a hadronic calorimeter based on resistive micro-pattern gaseous detector for future collider experiments
The physics program of future Higgs factories requires unprecedented jet energy resolution to efficiently discriminate among hadronic boson decays. Particle Flow Calorimetry provides a powerful reconstruction paradigm to achieve this objective; however, it places stringent demands on detector technologies, particularly in terms of granularity, to resolve individual particles within jets and reconstruct their kinematics with optimal energy/momentum resolution.
In this context, resistive Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs) are identified as a promising solution for the active layers of sampling hadronic calorimeters. Technologies such as resistive Micromegas and µ-RWELL combine high-granularity readout with intrinsic discharge mitigation, delivering excellent spatial (O(mm)) and timing (O(10ns)) resolution, as well as stable and uniform responses. Furthermore, their capability to operate at particle rates up to 10 MHz/cm² makes them well-suited for high-background environments.
Within this framework, we present the R&D activities toward a novel MPGD-based HCAL employing a semi-digital readout (SDRO), with the additional goal of exploiting timing information. A comprehensive performance optimization strategy is developed, combining detailed hardware characterization with simulation studies. In particular, machine learning techniques are employed to enhance the SDRO-based energy reconstruction, demonstrating improved performance in GEANT4 simulations.
Complementary beam tests with muons were conducted at the CERN SPS to evaluate the efficiency, response uniformity, and time resolution of individual detector layers. Finally, the validation of the detector concept is pursued through the construction and testing of a small-scale HCAL prototype, consisting of alternating iron absorbers and MPGD layers, with its energy response studied using pion beams up to approximately 10 GeV.Speaker: Lisa Generoso (Universita e INFN, Bari (IT)) -
8
Status and perfomance of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter in Run3 of LHC
The Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) of the CMS experiment is a homogeneous crystal calorimeter operating at the CERN LHC. The ECAL trigger system employs fast digital signal processing algorithms to measure the energy and timing of ECAL energy deposits recorded during LHC collisions. These trigger primitives are transmitted to the Level-1 trigger system at the collision rate of 40 MHz, and are combined with information from other CMS sub-detectors to determine whether the event should trigger the readout of the data from CMS to permanent storage. This presentation will review the procedure to derive time-dependent response corrections to the ECAL trigger primitives and the trigger performance achieved during LHC Run 3, where more frequent corrections have been applied due to larger ageing effects. The rejection of large unwanted signals caused by the direct interaction of particles from LHC collisions with the APD photodetectors will be also discussed and the performance achieved during Run 3 will be shown.
Speaker: Prof. Bob Hirosky (U. Virginia)
-
6
-
16:00
Coffee break
-
ExperimentsConvener: Sven Menke
-
9
ALICE Forward Calorimeter upgrade (FoCal): physics program, expected performance and current status
The Forward Calorimeter (FoCal) is a high-granularity forward detector planned as an upgrade to the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It will be installed during Long Shutdown 3 and will take data in the LHC Run 4. Covering the pseudorapidity range of 3.2 < \eta < 5.8, FoCal enables the exploration of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) at unprecedentedly small Bjorken-x values down to \sim 10^{-6}, where non-linear gluon dynamics and saturation effects are expected to become significant.
The FoCal consists of a compact silicon-tungsten sampling electromagnetic calorimeter (FoCal-E) with pad and pixel readout to achieve high spatial resolution for discriminating between isolated photons and decay photon pairs. Its hadronic component (FoCal-H) is constructed from grooved copper sheets with scintillator fibers.
FoCal will enable a broad physics program, including measurements of direct photons, jets, and their correlations, as well as studies of vector meson photoproduction in ultra-peripheral collisions. FoCal, after successful R&D and prototyping, is now entering the construction phase and will be installed in ALICE in the summer of 2028. In this talk, we will present the FoCal physics goals, the detector design, recent test beam results, and the projected physics performance of the detector in the LHC Run 4.
Speaker: Hikaru Kano (University of Tsukuba (JP)) -
10
Radiation Damage in the CMS-HF calorimeter fibers during the LHC Run 3
The CMS-HF Calorimeters are designed to detect the forward going particles at eta values from 3 to 5 with a high discovery potential for new phenomena. The HF calorimeters are sampling calorimeters with plastic cladded quartz fibers as active material and designed to survive at least through the first HL-LHC run period (Run 4) up to a cumulative 3000 fb-1 luminosity. Energy measurement of the calorimeters is based on the Cherenkov radiation in the fibers. Cherenkov light is transported to the PMTs by the same fibers. PMTs convert the light into charge and the total charge is used to determine the energy of the initial particle. Increasing attenuation in the fibers due to radiation damage will result in lower light intensity arriving at the PMTs and hence a lower total charge, causing the underestimation of the energy. It is important to monitor the radiation damage as a function of the luminosity to determine the correction factors for the calibration of the calorimeters. The upgraded radiation damage monitoring system has been commissioned at the end of Run 2 and in use since then. Radiation damage measurements at seven eta and four phi values as a function of the delivered luminosity will be presented for Run 3 along with the exponential fit results to the radiation damage data. Projections through 3000 fb-1 luminosity will be given and the future of the CMS-HF calorimeters will be discussed through HL-LHC Run 4 period.
Speaker: Prof. Erhan Gülmez (Bogazici University)
-
9
-
19:00
Reception
-
-
-
HL-LHCConvener: Haleh Hadavand
-
11
Robustness of hybrid epoxy–tape module assembly for CMS HGCal Silicon Modules: mechanical and electrical stability up to 150 MRad absorbed dose
The CMS Collaboration is preparing to build replacement endcap calorimeters for the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) era. The new High-Granularity Calorimeter (HGCal) is a highly granular sampling calorimeter with approximately six million silicon channels and about four hundred thousand scintillator tile-readout with on-tile silicon multipliers. The calorimeter is designed to operate in the harsh radiation environment at the HL-LHC, where pile-up is expected to exceed 140. The silicon part of the calorimeter will be made of about 26000 silicon modules, which will be built in six Module Assembly Centers (MACs) around the world. To reduce tooling needs through assembly, curing time and then cost, a hybrid approach has been used for the assembly of silicon modules choosing a combination of epoxy and tape which need to be validated for the absorbed dose expected where the HGCal detector will be installed. During the last two years, in a joint effort between University of California Santa Barbara and National Taiwan University, several modules with different sensor thicknesses, silicon cell density, and baseplate materials (Ti for the hadronic and Cu-W for the electromagnetic part) were assembled and irradiated in the RBI Co-60 facility in Croatia up to 150 MRad absorbed dose. To explore the robustness of the hybrid assembly procedure and materials, modules have been studied before and after irradiation, at room and cold temperatures, measuring characteristics like IV and noise behavior, flatness, and checking for delamination at different stages of the thermal cycling campaign. Results will be shown for a first set of low density silicon Ti baseplate modules irradiated up to 50 MRad absorbed dose, and for a second set of low density and high density Cu-W baseplate modules irradiated respectively at 50 MRad and 150 MRad absorbed doses. Lastly, because the transfer tape is expected to fail at 200 MRad absorbed dose, a final set of modules have been assembled with epoxy only and similarly tested to mimic failure of the transfer tape and to further validate the hybrid assembly method.
Speaker: Chiara Grieco (Univ. of California Santa Barbara (US)) -
12
Results from HGCal beam tests of 2025
As part of its HL-LHC upgrade program, the CMS experiment is developing a High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) to replace the existing endcap calorimeters. The HGCAL will be realized as a sampling calorimeter equipped with modules of silicon or scintillator tiles read out by SiPMs. For the validation of the HGCAL, prototypes of silicon and SiPM-on-tile modules have been assembled into a calorimeter and exposed to beams of electrons, muons and pions. The test beam campaign has been carried out in the North experimental area of CERN in 2025. The module prototypes, as well as the front-end and back-end electronic chains are very close to the final design. Studies of the properties of electromagnetic showers, including energy and timing measurements, will be presented, as well as measurements using state-of-the-art clustering algorithms foreseen to be used when the HGCAL is installed and integrated in CMS.
Speaker: Devin Mahon (University of Minnesota) -
13
The CMS High Granularity Calorimeter trigger primitives: an overview of their implementation, optimization and validation
The CMS collaboration has chosen a novel high granularity calorimeter (HGCAL) for the endcap regions as part of its planned upgrade for the high-luminosity phase of the LHC. The HGCAL will have fine segmentation in both the transverse and longitudinal directions, which leads to about six million readout channels in total. It will be part of the Level 1 (L1) trigger of the CMS experiment, and its high granularity coupled with the 40MHz sampling at the L1 trigger pose a significant challenge in terms of data manipulation and processing. Trigger cells and module energy sums are first constructed on-detector in the HGCAL front-end ASICs and used off-detector to build higher-level objects called trigger primitives in a two-stage FPGA-based system composed of about 200 ATCA boards. Several types of trigger primitives using the HGCAL data have been developed in order to provide complementary information to the central L1 trigger system of CMS. These trigger primitives are three-dimensional clusters that can efficiently be used by particle-flow algorithms, as well as projective tower energy sums, which provide a complete two-dimensional map of the detector. Reconstructing such objects is a complex task given the huge data throughput. It must in particular satisfy both the hardware and latency constraints of the system and provide optimal reconstruction performance for triggering under the harsh HL-LHC conditions. The algorithms reconstructing these trigger primitives are currently being optimized and implemented in hardware, and these implementations are undergoing an extensive validation using dedicated test systems and data collected during test beam. The status of the HGCAL trigger primitive generation system will be presented, together with the latest results on the implementation, hardware validation and optimization of its algorithms.
Speaker: Trisha Debnath (LLR-Ecole Polytechnique | CNRS (FR))
-
11
-
10:30
Coffee break and Conference Photo
-
HL-LHCConvener: Dr Ariel Schwartzman (SLAC)
-
14
Construction and Commissioning of HGCAL Hadronic Cassettes at Fermilab
The CMS Collaboration is preparing to replace its current endcap calorimeters with the High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) for the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) era. HGCAL features unprecedented transverse and longitudinal granularity, enabling detailed measurement of shower development with 5D information. The detector employs silicon sensors in the electromagnetic section and high-radiation regions of the hadronic section, and plastic scintillator tiles with SiPM readout in lower-radiation regions of hadronic section, integrated into cassettes of varying geometries. Fermilab is responsible for assembling 504 cassettes for the hadronic section of the calorimeter. Having successfully completed the pre-series phase, the project is now transitioning into full production. This contribution reports on Fermilab’s pre-series experience and production readiness. Two cold rooms have been commissioned at Fermilab, capable of operating at -35°C and enabling simultaneous cooling and readout of multiple cassettes for validation and cosmic data taking. A module test stand was established to qualify silicon modules for assembly. Both all-silicon and mixed silicon-plus-SiPM tile cassettes were successfully assembled, and lessons learned from the pre-series phase are being incorporated into the production workflow. Full electronic chain readout was validated end-to-end, from sensor through HGCROC, ECON-D/T, lpGBT, optical fiber, to backend FPGA firmware. Automated software was developed to convert raw readout data into structured formats suitable for data quality monitoring and enabling rapid assessment of cassette assembly.
Speaker: Ruchi Chudasama (University of Alabama (US)) -
15
Construction and Quality Control of Scintillator Tile Modules for the CMS High-Granularity Calorimeter
In preparation for the High-Luminosity LHC, the CMS experiment is upgrading its endcap calorimeters with the High-Granularity Calorimeter (HGCal), a novel imaging calorimeter featuring fine spatial segmentation and precise timing. The detector integrates silicon sensors in high-radiation regions and plastic scintillator tiles with SiPM readout in low-radiation regions. The scintillator-based ("SiPM-on-Tile") section consists of approximately 3900 detector modules ("tilemodules"), each hosting between 24 and 144 channels. Each channel consists of one SiPM collecting the light output from a scintillator tile (4 cm^2 to 25 cm^2, 3mm thickness) wrapped in on ESR reflective foil. The assembly of the detector components into tilemodules is fully automated, including the assembly of components in readout boards, production of machined and molded tiles, wrapping of the 300k tiles, and gluing of the tiles on the boards. A comprehensive set of automated quality control (QC) tests has been developed to ensure fully functional tilemodules. The QC tests range from tile size measurement, electrical validation of the boards at warm and cold temperatures, and initial calibration and characterization of the channel. This talk presents the assembly and QC procedures used to build the 3900 tilemodules, together with the results obtained from early production.
Speaker: Daniel Guerrero (Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (US)) -
16
TICL: The Iterative CLustering Framework for the CMS Phase-2 Event Reconstruction
The increase in luminosity and pileup at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will place unprecedented demands on the CMS experiment, requiring major advances in both detector technology and event reconstruction. Among the planned upgrades, the High-Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) will replace the current endcap calorimeters, providing fine spatial segmentation and precision timing. These features dramatically enhance physics capabilities but also introduce substantial reconstruction challenges due to the large number of hits per event and the stringent computing requirements. To address this, CMS is developing TICL (The Iterative CLustering), a modular and heterogeneous reconstruction framework integrated into the CMS software.
TICL is designed for parallelism and portability across heterogeneous architectures through the alpaka abstraction layer. It performs calorimetric pattern recognition through a sequence of clustering and linking stages that reduce several hundred thousand energy deposits to a compact set of high-quality particle candidates. The 2D clustering on each HGCAL layer and the 3D clustering across layers are heterogeneous, with the latter that prioritizes purity and therefore produces fragmented shower compoments. To recover these fragments, TICL employs multiple linking algorithms tailored to different shower types: a superclustering plugin optimized for electromagnetic showers and a geometric and topological linking for hadronic ones. Recently, a graph neural network approach has been introduced to further improve hadronic shower linking, enhancing completeness in dense environments. The linking between charged-particle tracks and calorimetric showers has also been refined: the current one is based on geometric compatibility, with requirements on time and energy, while the ongoing work targets a many-to-many linking strategy for a more coherent global event interpretation. In addition, TICL is being used for the reconstruction of data collected during the 2025 HGCAL Test Beam campaigns, providing a unique opportunity to validate and tune the reconstruction chain on real detector data. This effort is essential to benchmark clustering and linking performance, study detector effects, and consolidate the readiness of TICL for HL-LHC conditions.
Speaker: Shamik Ghosh (LLR, École Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS)
-
14
-
12:30
Lunch
-
HL-LHCConvener: Jim Brau
-
17
CMS ECAL upgrade for HL-LHC; overview and on-beam tests.
The High Luminosity upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider aims to achieve unprecedented levels of instantaneous and integrated luminosities. 140 to 200 collisions per bunch crossing are anticipated, which will represent a severe challenge for the detectors. The endcap part of the Compact Muon Solenoid calorimeters will be replaced by a new detector. In the barrel, the lead tungstate crystals and avalanche photodiodes (APDs) of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) will be preserved, while the readout and trigger electronics will undergo a complete replacement. Two ASICs were designed for the readout of the APDs. The first, CATIA, is a gain trans-impedance amplifier with two outputs with different gains. The second, LiteDTU, includes two 160 MHz ADCs, one for each CATIA output, the logic to select the gain to read out, compress, format, and serialize the data. The noise increase in the photodetectors, due to radiation-induced dark current, will be mitigated by reducing the ECAL operating temperature from 18°C to 9°C. The trigger primitive formation will be moved off-detector and handled by powerful and flexible FPGA processors. The upgrade of the ECAL electronics will allow maintaining the excellent energy resolution of the current detector and, in addition, greatly enhance the time resolution of electrons and photons. This presentation will review the final design of the full ECAL barrel readout chain together with the status of the individual component R&D.
Speaker: Ruben Gargiulo -
18
Upgrade of the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter for the HL-LHC
The ATLAS Liquid Argon (LAr) calorimeter readout electronics will be fully
upgraded for operation at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), where up to about
200 proton-proton interactions per bunch crossing will impose stringent
requirements on radiation tolerance, bandwidth, and signal reconstruction
performance. The upgraded system is designed to maintain the excellent energy
and timing resolution of the detector under these challenging conditions.The new on-detector readout electronics are based on second-generation
Front-End Boards (FEB2) installed on the calorimeter cryostat
feedthroughs. Each board reads out up to 128 calorimeter channels and performs
amplification, shaping, digitization, and serialization of the detector
signals before transmitting the data to the off-detector processing system
through high-speed optical links. In total, the system continuously reads out
182,468 calorimeter channels at the 40 MHz bunch-crossing rate.The off-detector processing is performed by the LAr Signal Processor system
implemented as ATCA boards equipped with high-performance FPGAs and high-speed
optical interfaces. These boards receive digitized samples from the
on-detector readout electronics through optical links and reconstruct the
deposited energy and timing for each calorimeter channel in real
time. Reconstructed quantities are transmitted with low latency to the
hardware trigger system, while the full data stream is buffered and forwarded
to the data acquisition system after trigger accept signals. The upgraded
readout architecture also includes a dedicated timing and control system
responsible for distributing clock, trigger, and configuration signals to the
on-detector electronics and monitoring the operation of the readout chain.LHC Run 3 will conclude at the end of June 2026, after which the ATLAS
detector will enter Long Shutdown 3 (LS3) to prepare for the HL-LHC
upgrade. Custom ASICs are currently in production and testing, and several
generations of FEB2 prototype boards have been developed and
characterized. Prototype signal-processing boards and demonstrator firmware
have been tested in integration setups combining on-detector electronics,
timing distribution, and data acquisition components. System integration
tests combining on-detector electronics with timing, control, and off-detector
processing systems are ongoing. Installation of the new off-detector readout
system is planned to begin in mid-2027, while installation of the on-detector
electronics is planned to start at the end of 2027, followed by extensive
system commissioning.This contribution will present the design and performance of the upgraded
on-detector and off-detector readout electronics, the results of prototype and
integration tests.Speaker: Sven Menke (Max-Planck-Institut für Physik) -
19
Design, Simulation, and Performance of a High-Granularity Pointing ECAL for the SHiP Experiment at CERN
The Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) experiment is a planned general-purpose facility at the CERN Beam Dump Facility designed to explore the hidden sector at the intensity frontier. A primary physics goal of SHiP is the search for long-lived, weakly interacting particles, such as Axion-Like Particles (ALPs) decaying into a diphoton final state ($a \to \gamma\gamma$). Because these decays occur at a displaced vertex without associated charged tracks, the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) must be able to provide the missing tracking information by reconstructing the shower directions.
We have developed a high-granularity sampling calorimeter concept based on plastic scintillator strips. The detector employs a unique "split" architecture, where longitudinal modules are separated to provide a significant lever arm for the 3D reconstruction of the shower axis.
This talk presents the comprehensive R&D path for the SHiP ECAL. We discuss the physics-driven requirements for pointing calorimetry and detail the detector's 3D segmentation strategy. Performance results are presented from a recent test beam at CERN SPS using a full depth conceptual prototype, including the corresponding GEANT4 simulations. These studies demonstrate an angular resolution of $\mathcal{O}(\text{few mrad})$ for GeV-scale showers and robust Particle Identification (PID). Finally, we report on the current optimisation of the final detector setup, aiming at a technological prototype.Speaker: Sebastian Ritter (Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz)
-
17
-
16:00
Coffee break
-
HL-LHCConvener: Chris Madrid
-
20
Advancing the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter for the HL-LHC: Demonstrator Design and Performance in the ATLAS experiment
The Tile Calorimeter, a central hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, is undergoing a major upgrade to meet the requirements of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). The Phase-II upgrade is designed to address the challenges of increased trigger rates up to 1 MHz, higher radiation levels, and enhanced pile-up conditions through a complete redesign of the front-end and readout electronics.
As part of an extensive research and development program, a Demonstrator Phase-II Upgrade module was constructed in 2014, featuring the new electronics architecture while maintaining backward compatibility with the existing ATLAS Trigger and Data Acquisition system. The module was validated through a series of test beam campaigns at CERN and installed in the ATLAS detector in July 2019 to operate under real experimental conditions. During the LHC Run-3 (2022–2026), it has provided critical operational experience and performance data in a realistic environment.
This contribution presents the hardware and software developments of the Demonstrator Phase-II Upgrade module and discusses its operational performance within ATLAS. The latest results demonstrate the viability of the upgraded design and provide essential input for the final implementation of the Tile Calorimeter Phase-II upgrade.Speaker: Dr Matej Haviernik (Prague CU) -
21
Upgrade of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter for the High-Luminosity LHC Era
The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is a sampling hadronic calorimeter covering the central region of the ATLAS experiment, using steel absorbers and plastic scintillators as the active medium. It is being extensively upgraded to meet the demands of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), expected to start operation in 2030. The HL-LHC will deliver significantly increased instantaneous luminosity, resulting in higher data rates, elevated radiation levels, and challenging pile-up conditions. To address these requirements, both on-detector and off-detector TileCal electronics will be fully replaced during the Long Shutdown 3 period (2026–2030).
In the upgraded system, signals from all photomultiplier tubes will be continuously digitized and transmitted at 40 MHz to the back-end electronics, where they are reconstructed and provided to the first-level trigger. This architecture enables improved signal precision and supports the implementation of more advanced trigger algorithms. The new front-end electronics are based on radiation-tolerant commercial components, featuring modular and redundant designs to enhance reliability. Data transmission, timing, and control are implemented using modern FPGA-based systems and high-speed optical links operating at up to 9.6 Gb/s.
The TileCal upgrade program is supported by extensive research and development, including test-beam campaigns since 2015. The status of the ongoing developments for both on- and off-detector systems, together with the expected performance and results from test-beam studies of the electronics prototypes, will be presented.Speaker: Suman Kandel (UT Arlington) -
22
Studies of 32 ATLAS TileCal tiles Read out with Wavelength-shifting Fibers Coupled to a 64-channel SiPM Array in a Test beam at DESY
We report results from a test beam at DESY in which we tested the readout of 32 3 mm thick ATLAS TileCal tiles with wavelength-shifting fibers and a 64-channel SiPM array. Each tile was read out with two wavelength-shifting fibers that were coupled to the SiPM array via an airgap or with grease. For most measurements the beam was perpendicular to the tiles. We measured the relative gain and light yield of each channel. For 3 mm tiles the light yield lies between two and three photoelectrons. To increase the light yield we also sent the beam through the longest side of the tile (about 22 cm). Furthermore, we aimed the beam at different x, y positions to look at the light yield uniformity. We studied the gain as a function of overvoltage and electron energy. We repeated some measurements with a second SiPM array.
Speaker: Gerald Eigen (University of Goettingen (DE))
-
20
-
-
-
Future CollidersConvener: James Freeman
-
23
High-granularity crystal calorimeter for future Higgs factories
Precision measurements of the Higgs, W/Z bosons at future $\mathrm{e^{+}e^{-}}$ colliders (namely Higgs factories) pose a stringent requirement on the calorimetry system for unprecedented jet performance. At the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) as one of Higgs factory options, the calorimeter working group has developed a new electromagnetic calorimeter based on finely segmented scintillating crystals to be compatible with the particle-flow paradigm and also to achieve an optimal EM energy resolution of better than $\mathrm{3~\%/\sqrt{E(GeV)}}$ with the homogeneous structure. It consists of multiple longitudinal layers of long crystal bars that are individually read out by silicon photomultipliers. In every two adjacent layers, crystal bars are in an orthogonal arrangement to gain an effective transverse granularity at the level of $\mathrm{1.5\times1.5~cm^2}$. Dedicated efforts have been carried out to study physics performance, to optimise the design and to develop a first prototype. The prototype was exposed at testbeam facilities using high-energy beam particles to evaluate the electromagnetic shower performance. This contribution will introduce the crystal calorimeter design and performance studies in simulation. Highlights of the crystal calorimeter prototype development and beamtest results will also be presented.
Speaker: Jack Rolph (Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)) -
24
High-granularity hadron calorimeter with scintillating glass tiles for future Higgs factories
A finely segmented sampling hadron calorimeter (HCAL) based on scintillating glass tiles is being developed for future lepton-collider experiments. As an HCAL option for the CEPC (Circular Electron–Positron Collider) reference detector, this design aims to significantly improve hadron and jet performance using dense and bright scintillating glass. The targeted stochastic term of the hadronic energy resolution is $\mathrm{\leq 30~\%/\sqrt{E(GeV)}}$. Single-hadron and jet performance were evaluated using full detector simulations with particle-flow reconstruction to guide optimisation of the longitudinal depth, transverse granularity, glass density, and effective light output. Hardware R&D focuses on characterising glass tiles with a typical density of $\mathrm{6~g/cm^3}$. Glass tiles in dimensions of $\mathrm{4\times4\times1~cm^3}$ were tested with cosmic muons and beam particles. This contribution presents highlights of the R&D programme, including performance studies, design optimisations, and test-beam results.
Speakers: Haijun Yang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)), Prof. 衡月昆 hengyk -
25
A highly granular hadronic calorimeter based on scintillating tiles for the particle-flow era at the FCC-ee
Highly granular calorimeters with a fast response and a large dynamic range are at the core of most detector concepts currently proposed at the next-generation colliders, where the implementation of particle flow algorithms would have a significant impact on the physics performance. Optical sampling calorimeters may be particularly suited for this doctrine, as they combine excellent resolution and timing performance, a great flexibility in segmentation and scaling, and relatively simple construction and maintenance.
Indeed, a sampling hadronic calorimeter (HCAL) based on plastic scintillating tiles is currently being developed for the ALLEGRO (A Lepton coLlider Experiment with Granular calorimetry ReadOut) experimental apparatus proposed at the FCC-ee: radially oriented scintillating plastic tiles are inserted in a stainless steel frame and coupled to one WLS fibre each, to route the light output onto silicon photomultipliers housed in dedicated drawers in the outer volume of the detector. This configuration allows for a limited reduction of the active volume and for an easy access to the photodetection system and to the frontend electronics. In the current design, each tile would be read out individually, which results in about one million cells and an excellent granularity.
In the last couple years, significant advancements were achieved in different areas of both the development of the first large-scale prototypes, currently under construction, and of the full-scale design - mechanics, optics, electronics, calibration systems. Moreover, the calorimetric performance is being studied with the ALLEGRO full-simulation framework. All these aspects will be discussed. In May 2026, the first beamtest of the ALLEGRO HCAL took place at the CERN East Hall. Preliminary results of the data taking session will be presented.
Speaker: Mattia Soldani (CERN)
-
23
-
10:30
Coffee break
-
Future CollidersConvener: Ivano Sarra
-
26
R&D for a Highly Granular Si–W Electromagnetic Calorimeter
Highly compact and granular electromagnetic calorimeters are required for precision luminosity measurements at future e⁺e⁻ colliders and for the determination of positron multiplicity and energy spectra in the LUXE experiment. LUXE probes strong-field QED using laser–electron scattering. In luminometer applications, where Bhabha scattering serves as the reference process, a compact calorimeter with a small Molière radius enables a precise definition of the fiducial volume, reduces the required detector space, and improves the separation of high-energy electromagnetic showers from low-energy background. In the LUXE experiment a wide range of positron multiplicities will be analysed.
A partially instrumented prototype, optimized for LUXE, with up to 11 detector layers was tested in 1–6 GeV electron beams at the DESY II synchrotron. The assembled compact detector planes were installed in 1.2 mm gaps between tungsten absorber plates of one radiation length thickness. Each detector plane consists of a 90 × 90 mm² silicon pad sensor segmented into a 16 × 16 matrix, mounted on flexible Kapton circuits with readout traces, and supported by a carbon-fiber structure, with a total thickness below 1 mm. The readout system, positioned outside of the stack, employs FLAME ASICs analogue front-end electronics and 10-bit ADCs.
High-statistics data were collected to perform precise sensor alignment and to study the longitudinal and transverse development of electromagnetic showers in the sampling structure. Preliminary results on energy, position, and angular resolution, as well as on the Molière radius and longitudinal shower development, are presented. The current status of the prototype development and the expected performance from simulations will also be discussed.Speaker: Dr Roman Poeschl (IJCLab) -
27
Development of a High-Granularity Noble Liquid Calorimeter for FCC-ee
A high-granularity noble liquid electromagnetic calorimeter is being developed within the DRD Calo collaboration for application at future lepton colliders such as FCC-ee. The concept combines the intrinsic energy resolution and response uniformity of noble liquid calorimetry with fine spatial segmentation, making it well suited for precision measurements and particle-flow reconstruction.
The proposed design is based on a straight, multilayer electrode geometry. The electrode structure is implemented using printed circuit board technology, allowing flexible segmentation and reproducible manufacturing. Dedicated laboratory measurements with PCB-based prototypes have been carried out to validate the readout concept. The measurements show good agreement with simulations, confirming the expected signal, cross talk and electrical properties of the cells. These results provide important input for the optimization of electrode geometry, gap configuration, and readout segmentation.
In parallel, mechanical R&D addresses the design of absorber plates, spacers, and support structures. Prototype studies and simulations are used to evaluate mechanical stability and integration constraints, guiding the development of a detector layout suitable for large-scale implementation.
The calorimeter concept is being implemented in the ALLEGRO detector for FCC-ee. Simulation studies within the Key4hep framework are used to assess the expected performance, including energy resolution and reconstruction capabilities. Ongoing work focuses on further optimization of the design and preparation of a beam-test prototype.
Speaker: Jana Faltova (Charles University (CZ)) -
28
Monolithic active pixel detectors for calorimetry
Monolithic active pixel sensors (MAPS) used in sampling calorimetry and particle tracking offer an attractive enhanced capability. The future Higgs Factory collider is an important possible application. The NAPA (Nanosecond timing Pixel for large Area sensors) detector development program for tracking and electromagnetic calorimetry is motivated by this opportunity. We will report on calorimetry simulation studies and test results of the prototype sensors.
Speaker: Jim Brau (University of Oregon (US))
-
26
-
Free time/Excursions
-
DRDCalo meetingConvener: Dr Roman Poeschl (IJCLab)
-
-
-
R&DConvener: Prof. Manfred Paulini (Carnegie Mellon U.)
-
29
Fermilab Program for Organic Scintillator
Fermilab is one of the largest producers of organic scintillator in the world. Its scintillator has been used in a wide variety of applications including archeology, volcanology, mining exploration, agriculture, national security, as well as more traditional applications in HEP and Astro-particle physics. We will describe the scintillator extrusion facility and injection molding facility. We will discuss ongoing and near-term future projects for these facilities, including production of scintillating tiles for the CMS HGCAL HL-LHC upgrade.
Speaker: Jim Freeman (Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (US)) -
30
Testing of a capillary-based dual-readout calorimeter with SiPM readout
The HiDRa project aims to develop, construct, and test a highly granular dual-readout calorimeter suitable for operation at a future high-energy lepton collider. The prototype is designed to provide near-complete containment of hadronic showers and is based on scintillating fibres and clear optical fibres for Cherenkov light detection, embedded in stainless steel capillary tubes. Its readout system combines more than 10,000 silicon photomultipliers in the core region, with photomultiplier tubes in the outer region.
A first beam test of an almost completed detector was carried out at the CERN SPS in September 2025 with electron, muon, and pion beams, leading to a significantly improved understanding of the detector response and operation. A second beam test with the fully assembled HiDRa calorimeter is scheduled for June 2026 on the same beamline, while laboratory measurements for a preliminary detector characterisation are ongoing.
This contribution will present the detector construction and instrumentation, together with results from the 2025 beam campaign. Particular emphasis will be given to equalisation and calibration procedures, which represent a major challenge for calorimeters with millimetre-scale segmentation. Additional results from simulations and laboratory studies, aimed at further improving calorimeter comprehension, will also be discussed.
Speaker: Andrea Pareti (Pavia University and INFN (IT)) -
31
Development and Performance of a Cu-based Dual-Readout Calorimeter
Dual-readout calorimetry is a promising approach to achieve improved hadronic energy resolution by simultaneously measuring scintillation and Cherenkov signals using dedicated fiber readout. This technique enables event-by-event correction of fluctuations in the electromagnetic shower fraction, and is considered a strong candidate for calorimetry at future collider experiments such as CEPC and FCC. The Korea dual-readout calorimeter (DRC) collaboration has been developing a copper-based dual-readout calorimeter over the past several years, including high-granularity readout structures. In this contribution, we present a comprehensive overview of the activities of the Korea DRC collaboration. This includes the design and development of the detector prototypes, as well as the results obtained from the 2025 CERN SPS test beam campaign. The detector performance is evaluated for both electromagnetic and hadronic showers. In addition, future plans, including the upcoming test beam in 2026 and long-term prospects, are discussed.
Speaker: Kyeongpil Lee (CAU - Chung-Ang University (KR))
-
29
-
10:30
Coffee break
-
R&DConvener: Alexander Bazilevsky
-
32
Recent developments in dual readout calorimetry in homogenous inorganic scintillators with CalVision
Homogeneous inorganic scintillator-based calorimeters achieve best-in-class electromagnetic energy resolution, but often degrade the hadronic energy resolution of particle physics experiments.
With the measurement and separation of scintillation and Cherenkov light, the dual readout technique provides an event-by-event calibration to better resolve hadronic showers. When applied in homogenous inorganic scintillators, dual readout offers a path towards a revolutionary combination of electromagnetic and hadronic energy resolution. Electron test beams at DESY and the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility are a test bed for materials and electronics for the dual readout technique. These tests address the most pressing challenge - Cherenkov light acceptance and separation. We will present energy resolution measurements for novel scintillating glasses and BSO crystals using DESY test beam data, as well as an overview of first results from crystals with fast-shaping electronics at Jefferson Lab. We will also discuss current work and plans to demonstrate the precision electromagnetic resolution of a BGO matrix, while allowing for the dual readout technique.Speaker: Grace Cummings (Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (US)) -
33
Energy Measurement of High Energy Particles with the High-Granularity Dual-readout Fiber Calorimeter (HG-DREAM)
We report on the energy measurement performance of the High-Granularity Dual-Readout Module (HG-DREAM), studied with high-energy electrons, pions, and muons at the H8 beam line at CERN in 2025. HG-DREAM features fine transverse segmentation and employs fused-silica and clear plastic fibers (Cherenkov) and scintillation signals, enabling event-by-event compensation via the dual-readout technique. We evaluate multiple calibration strategies and quantify the impact of energy leakage, non-functional or pathological channels, temperature variations, optical attenuation in fibers, and electronic noise on the reconstructed energy. The results are compared with GEANT4 simulations and with earlier measurements obtained using the original DREAM module, which employed different photosensors and readout electronics. Finally, we outline the objectives and planned improvements for the upcoming beam test at CERN in June 2026.
Speaker: Yongbin Feng (Texas Tech University (US)) -
34
Timing Performance of High-Granular Dual-Readout Fiber Calorimeter (HG-DREAM)
We investigate the timing performance of the High-Granularity Dual-Readout Module (HG-DREAM) using high-energy electrons, pions, and muons collected at the H8 beam line at CERN in 2025. The detector combines fine transverse segmentation with dual-readout capability through fused-silica and clear plastic (Cherenkov) and scintillating fibers. We explore the use of precise timing information to achieve effective longitudinal segmentation in 2-m deep calorimeter and to reconstruct shower development through time-resolved imaging. Preliminary results demonstrate the potential of timing-based techniques for improving particle identification, shower characterization, and energy resolution. Ongoing analysis and planned upgrades are discussed in the context of the broader HG-DREAM R&D program.
Speaker: Weijie Jin (Texas Tech University (US))
-
32
-
12:30
Lunch
-
R&DConvener: Yongbin Feng
-
35
Progress on 5D Calorimetry and Particle Flow
This contribution summarises studies carried out in the frame of the DRD Calo Collaboration and the French-German project Calo5D on optimizing particle flow calorimetry with machine learning and timing with a fine granularity in 4D. All studies are based the ILD Detector concept as example and use the ILC Software or Key4Hep framework. In one study a Dynamic Graph Convolutional Neural Network (DGCNN) is applied. The results on jet energy resolution for jets with jet energies between 40-500 GeV are compared with the results of the well-known particle flow algorithm Pandora. Further results of the DGCNN with an without the use of timing are compared. Particle physics experiments at $e^+ e^-$ colliders that would implement big particle flow calorimeters are expected for the middle or late 2040s. Given the long lead time for calorimeter construction conclusions on the benefit of precise timing have to be provided until the end of this decade. The current studies are major ingredients for this goal.
At a more fundamental level we are also applying machine learning to optimise the calorimetric response to hadrons. To our knowledge we are the first that seek to combine signals in a realistic calorimetric system consisting of the ILD SiW ECAL and the analogue hadron calorimeter (AHCAL). Both are sampling calorimeters. A dual branch Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has been developed exploiting the rich information provided by the granular calorimeters. An energy resolution of around $35\%/\sqrt{E} \oplus 3\%$ (or even better) using a regression method seems to be in reach. These results are competitive with those obtained by dual readout technologies while at the same time maintaining the high granularity needed for a successful particle flow up to highest energies. At the time the abstract is written precise timing is implemented into the study and first results are expected at the conference.
We will also report on detector optimisation studies varying the configuration of SiW ECAL layers of the ILD Detector Concept, to reach a higher precision on the low-energy photons energy and position measurements, dominating jet’s population and critical to specific final states..Speaker: Roman Poeschl (Université Paris-Saclay (FR)) -
36
Role of timing information for particle identification in a dual-readout calorimeter
Dual-readout calorimeters are designed to achieve precise hadronic energy reconstruction by simultaneously measuring scintillation and Cherenkov signals, providing sensitivity to the electromagnetic and hadronic components of particle showers. To ensure a stable detector response, high-granularity readout is employed, enabling uniform sampling of the shower and access to its spatial structure. This spatial information supports particle identification (PID), including topological discrimination such as the separation of neutral pions from single photons. While relying on an unsegmented longitudinal structure, the depth development of showers is only indirectly reflected in the spatial information. In this context, timing information measured at the readout level provides an additional handle, offering indirect sensitivity to the longitudinal structure of particle showers.
In this work, we investigate the role of timing information for particle identification in a dual-readout calorimeter using simulated events over a range of energies and incident conditions. Using a point cloud representation of calorimeter hits and deep learning models as a probe, we study the impact of timing through controlled input variations. We find that timing information provides complementary discriminative power in certain regimes and contributes to improved particle identification performance, indicating its potential to enhance the reliability of dual-readout calorimetry.Speaker: Yunjae Lee (CAU - Chung-Ang University (KR)) -
37
The CRILIN calorimeter at future electron-positron colliders: feasibility study and prospects
CRILIN is a semi-homogeneous electromagnetic calorimeter based on Cherenkov lead fluoride (PbF$_2$) crystals, interspaced and read out by UV-extended SiPM matrices. CRILIN features high transverse granularity and longitudinal segmentation, with five layers of 1.3×1.3×4 cm$^3$ crystals.
Test beams demonstrated a time resolution of about 20 ps for energies as low as 5 GeV. Despite pure Cherenkov emission, the light yield was measured to be about 0.3 p.e./MeV, increasing up to 0.5 p.e./MeV with larger-pixel SiPMs, corresponding to a photo-statistics term of $4.5\%/\sqrt{E}$. Radiation hardness campaigns showed good performances after 10 kGy/year dose and $10^{14}$ neutrons/cm$^2$/year fluences.Originally conceived for the muon collider, CRILIN is now being explored for electron-positron colliders, focusing on FCC-ee. The excellent timing resolution and granularity are a key asset not only for flavor physics performance but also for enhancing particle flow 5D reconstruction.
Although dual readout is not implemented, offline compensation is achieved by exploiting the longitudinal segmentation and the differences in electromagnetic and hadronic components shower profiles. For this reason, a ParticleNet regression was trained on simulation, showing competitive performances with respect to dual readout calorimetry.
A full-containment ECAL module will be tested in summer 2026 at CERN, with electron and pion beams, to validate electromagnetic energy resolution and hadronic energy reconstruction. The prototype features important technological developments, such as an aluminum alveolar mechanical structure, off-detector front-end electronics, and Kapton strips for SiPMs readout in longitudinally segmented arrangements, with as little as 2 mm external thickness outside the crystals in the transverse direction.
Speaker: Ruben Gargiulo (INFN, Roma I (IT))
-
35
-
15:30
Coffee break and Poster Session
-
R&DConvener: Nural Akchurin
-
38
Liquid Argon Ionization Chamber Pulses in a Steady State Ionization Background
The liquid argon in two ionization chambers, each with a gap of 0.27 mm, each with the same potential applied between the two electrodes, and each with identical external readout circuits, was ionized with an instantaneous pulse of radiation to produce an electrical pulse in each circuit. In the second of the two chambers an additional radiation source also ionized the liquid argon but this one at a constant rate. Here the slowly drifting positive argon ions built up in the gap and distorted the electric field. We report the distorted and degraded pulse shapes observed in the second ionization chamber’s circuit compared to the well-understood pulses observed in the first. The second ionization chamber is a simplified version of a cell in a liquid argon calorimeter at the HL-LHC or the FCC-hh.
Speaker: Prof. John P. Rutherfoord (University of Arizona (US)) -
39
Towards chromatic calorimetry using nanocomposite scintillators
Presentation type: Oral.
Chromatic calorimetry (CCAL) is an emerging approach to homogeneous electromagnetic calorimetry based on longitudinally segmented scintillator layers emitting at distinct wavelengths [1]. A spectrally resolved readout allows discrimination of light from different layers, enabling reconstruction of the longitudinal development of electromagnetic showers. This concept leverages advances in quantum-engineered scintillators, such as nanocrystal-embedded in polymers, which provide narrow and tunable emission spectra for the fine segmentation in a CCAL configuration. This novel calorimetry approach could provide the tools needed to match the requirements of next-generation high-energy physics experiments, like FCC-ee.
This contribution presents results from a 2025 CERN Super Proton Synchrotron test beam campaign using electron beams from 10 to 120 GeV. The concept was validated with a single calorimeter cell based on commercial scintillators, serving as a baseline for future nanocomposite implementations. The prototype comprised three scintillator layers: EJ-228 (390 nm), EJ-262 (490 nm), and GAGG (540 nm), interleaved with PbF₂ crystals acting as transparent absorbers. The readout employed a multi-anode photomultiplier tube (MaPMT) with long-pass optical filters to isolate signals from each layer.
Results on shower development, particle identification, energy calibration, and energy resolution will be shown to demonstrate the potential of this approach for precision calorimetry. Prospects for implementation with nanocomposite scintillators will also be discussed, including the status of cesium lead halide nanocomposites.- M. Doser et al., Front. Phys., 10, 887738 (2022).
- J. Král et al., J. Phys. Mater., 8, 015007 (2025).
Speaker: Matteo Salomoni (Universita & INFN, Milano-Bicocca (IT))
-
38
-
19:00
Conference dinner
-
-
-
Future calorimetryConvener: Roman Poeschl
-
40
The LHCb PicoCal: Picosecond-Timing Calorimetry for the High-Luminosity Era
For the High-Luminosity LHC Run 5, the LHCb experiment aims to operate at an instantaneous luminosity of up to 1.0×10$^{34}$ cm$^{−2}$s$^{-1}$, requiring a complete overhaul of the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) known as PicoCal. To mitigate extreme pile-up and combinatorial background, the PicoCal upgrade will introduce O(10) picosecond timing capabilities and significantly increased transverse granularity across the detector. The innermost regions, expected to face radiation doses up to 1 MGy, will be equipped with Spaghetti Calorimeter (SpaCal) technology, combining dense absorbers (Tungsten and Lead) with innovative fast organic and inorganic scintillators. The outer regions will utilize the Shashlik technology, upgraded with fast wavelength-shifting (WLS) fibres. Several Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) candidates are under investigation, and extensive laboratory tests have been performed to ensure they meet the Run 5 requirements, in particular in terms of timing resolution. Recent test beam campaigns have successfully evaluated SpaCal modules equipped with the new accelerated inorganic GAGG crystal fibres, demonstrating energy and time resolutions that are fully in line with the detector's performance requirements and in line with simulations. At the same time, the first prototype of the SPIDER ASIC was successfully evaluated in test beam, demonstrating a time resolution that is compatible with the performance achieved using standard DAQ digitizers. This presentation will detail the PicoCal upgrade strategy, summarize recent R&D achievements on fast scintillating materials, PMTs, and ASICs, and discuss the latest performance results from test beam measurements.
Speaker: aleksandar bordelius -
41
SIPAC A SiPM readout ASIC for the CEPC Detector
Abstract: SIPAC is a 4-channel ASIC prototype for SiPM readout in CEPC's ECAL, HCAL, LumiCal, and Muon detector. The chip integrates preamplifier, shaper, ADC, TDC, and serializer circuits. A DAC calibrates SiPM gain, with each channel featuring a dedicated calibration path for single-photon calibration. The chip has been taped out, and silicon testing is ongoing and is expected to be completed in May. Post-simulation results demonstrate that the nonlinearity error below 1% from 1.28 pC - 3.84nC. The ENOB of the ADC is 10 bits, while the timing resolution of the TDC is 100 ps. Both INL and DNL are maintained below 1 LSB.
Speaker: Mr jingbo ye (ihep) -
42
RADiCAL - Research and Development Test Structure for Optical Materials for Fast-timing, Ultra-compact EM Calorimetry
The RADiCAL Collaboration is conducting R&D on optical materials for application in high performance electromagnetic (EM) calorimetry to address the challenges expected in future collider and fixed target experiments. The testing is performed with sampling (RADiCAL) calorimeter modules, approximately the size of a human index finger, consisting of interleaved layers of very dense (W) absorber plates and dense scintillating plates (currently LYSO:Ce crystal plates and in the near future LuO:Yb ceramic plates), assembled to a depth of 25 Xo. Readout of scintillation light at selected depths in the modules is facilitated by wavelength shifting filaments positioned strategically within quartz capillaries which serve as waveguides and penetrate through the module to facilitate timing, position and energy measurement. SiPM are utilized to detect the wavelength shifted light transmitted to both ends of the capillaries. Program objectives include achieving a timing resolution for EM showers of ~ 10 ps or less, a position resolution ~ 1 mm and the stochastic term for the energy resolution divided by energy of ~ 10% / sqrt(E). Recent results, current plans, and future R&D directions will be discussed.
Speakers: James William Wetzel (Coe College (US)), Walker Law (Coe College)
-
40
-
10:30
Coffee break
-
Future calorimetryConvener: Gabriella Gaudio
-
43
The expected performance of the HERD calorimeter for the cosmic-ray electron flux measurement
The HERD experiment is a future calorimetric space-based mission, which will be installed on the Chinese space station in 2027. The goal of HERD is to extend the direct measurements of comic rays of more than one order of magnitude in energy compared to the current measurements. Specifically, HERD will perform for the first time direct measurements at the energies of the proton and the Helium knees. HERD will also extend the electron+positron flux measurement up to tens of TeV, in order to search for spectral structures possibly related to local sources of electrons+positrons or indirect signals of dark matter.
HERD is based on an innovative calorimeter composed of about 7500 LYSO scintillating crystals assembled in a spheroidal shape to form a homogeneous, 3D, isotropic, deep and finely segmented calorimeter. The crystal readout system is based on a double photodiode with an extremely high dynamic range, specifically developed for this application.
In this talk, we discuss the innovative design of the calorimeter, and its expected performance for the measurement of the cosmic-ray electron flux: from the energy resolution of electromagnetic showers to the flux reconstruction. The study is based on simulated data, and it is validated using the data acquired during a beam test with a calorimeter prototype. The performance of both the final detector and the tested prototype is presented, highlighting the impact of the calorimeter geometry and read-out system on its performance.Speaker: Dr Pietro Betti (INFN sezione di Firenze) -
44
Design and Simulation of a Hybrid Cherenkov–Scintillation Compton Imager for MeV Gamma-Ray Direction Reconstruction
We will present a novel Compton imaging detector concept for directional measurement of 1–10 MeV gamma rays using hybrid Cherenkov–scintillation detection. This energy range is of particular interest for astrophysics, nuclear physics, radiation safety, and medical monitoring, yet remains challenging for existing detector technologies because of incomplete directional information, limited real-time capability, and the coexistence of different photon interaction mechanisms. The proposed detector combines a high-refractive-index CsI(Tl) scattering layer with a high-density BGO absorption layer. The CsI(Tl) layer provides recoil-electron energy deposition and Cherenkov-based directional information, while the BGO layer enables efficient absorption of the scattered photon. By exploiting the time-scale difference between prompt Cherenkov light and delayed scintillation light, both signal components can be separated with fast SiPM-array readout. Geant4-based studies are performed to optimize the detector geometry, model optical-photon transport, and evaluate imaging performance. In parallel, two reconstruction strategies are developed: a physics-driven maximum-likelihood approach based on Compton kinematics and Cherenkov-cone fitting, and a Transformer-based end-to-end reconstruction method for rapid event processing. The detector performance is assessed in terms of angular resolution and efficiency. The proposed design aims to enable event-level gamma-ray imaging in the MeV range. Current preliminary studies indicate that angular resolution better than 2° for incident gamma, at the same time, can reconstruct the direction of individual photons, highlighting the potential of this detector concept for future applications in MeV gamma-ray imaging.
Speaker: Jingbo Ye (Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)) -
45
DRDCalo – Overview and recent scientific highlights
The international collaboration DRDCalo, hosted by CERN, coordinates the strategic R&D of calorimeter systems for future particle physics experiments. Established in 2024, it currently brings together 134 institutes from 27 countries. This contribution will present an overview of the collaboration, its research programme, and highlight key results from its first two years of activity. Recent achievements include beam test results with novel optical materials using dual-readout techniques, demonstrating excellent energy resolution. In parallel, the collaboration is advancing highly granular imaging calorimeters based on semiconductor technologies, multi-pattern gas detectors, and scintillating tiles, with a strong emphasis on system integration. Developments in noble liquid calorimetry aim at next-generation detectors with an order-of-magnitude increase in granularity compared to existing systems. This requires optimised designs of readout electrodes and front-end electronics capable of reliable operation in cryogenic environments. The R&D programme is supported by state-of-the-art electronics and photosensors, as well as a consolidated software and computing framework. Machine learning techniques are increasingly integrated into detector development and reconstruction, with dedicated efforts within the collaboration. The presentation will conclude with an outlook towards the next programme phase (2027–2029).
Speaker: Gabriella Gaudio (INFN)
-
43
-