This presentation outlines the recent progresses on the mechanical design and integration of components of gantries for ion-therapy of cancer, which is are crucial steps toward the development of the next ion medical machine. A comparative study of multiple scenarios was conducted based on robustness of the design, size, weight and complexity, deformation and precision performances and costs,...
The High-Luminosity LHC is expected to start its operation in 2029. All the detector experiments around the LHC will also have significant improvements (the so-called Phase-2 upgrade) to ensure optimal performance with 10 times higher than nominal instantaneous luminosity. The innermost layers of the upgraded detectors must have higher granularity with more readout channels, and be...
OBJECTIVE
In the field of radiation oncology, particle therapy is promising to be more efficient cancer treatment modality due to favourable physical and biological properties over conventional gamma radiation therapy. In clinic, particle therapy has already shown benefits in treatment of paediatric oncological malignancies, brain and head and neck region tumors and other localizations in...
We study a classically scale invariant Higgs-dilaton model of dynamical symmetry breaking extended with an extra scalar field that plays the role of dark matter. The Higgs boson is light near a critical boundary between different symmetry breaking phases, where quantum corrections beyond the usual Gildener-Weinberg approximation become relevant. This implies a tighter connection between dark...
Background and Aims
Radio-frequency linear accelerators (LINACS) are used as the first stage of particle acceleration for injection into a synchrotron. Ion accelerator complexes have found a crucial place in the medical field for cancer treatment. In that field, LINAC design requirements are very strict concerning their dimension, but at the same time, they need to be able to accelerate...
The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will undergo extensive upgrades during the long-shutdown 3 (LS3) scheduled for 2026-28. One of the most prominent aspects of the upgrade will be the introduction of a new detector sub-system, the MIP Timing Detector (MTD), situated between the outer tracker and the electromagnetic calorimeter. The MTD is a timing...
The widespread approach to increasing the yield of radioactive isotopes in the accelerators is to increase the beam intensity. The creation of targets capable of accommodating these high-power beams is the main task in achieving higher radioactive isotope production. A prototype target named LIEBE (Liquid Eutectic lead Bismuth for Eurisol) was designed and assembled for that purpose at CERN....
In contemporary high energy physics (HEP) experiments the analysis of vast amounts of data represents a major challenge. In order to overcome this challenge various machine learning (ML) methods are employed. However, in addition to the choice of the ML algorithm a multitude of algorithm-specific parameters, referred to as hyperparameters, need to be specified in practical applications of ML...
One of the most important parts of the physics programs for the future of the LHC is the investigation of the Higgs boson interactions. The Higgs boson potential, in particular its trilinear self-interaction, can be directly probed by looking at the Higgs boson pair production. In this presentation I will detail the searches for Higgs pairs and their combination, done by the CMS collaboration...
Additive manufacturing and laser powder bed fusion in particular are offering significant benefits in designing and manufacturing parts with complex geometry that can be used for accelerator component manufacturing. But one of main drawbacks of this technology is the surface roughness of finished product.
The main goal of this project was to explore possibilities to reduce surface roughness...
Update talk on Latvia - CERN collaboration covering all aspects and future perspectives
Higher beam powers are sought to enhance production of short-lived isotopes, therefore targets able to accommodate such powers are required. With this in mind, a liquid metal target prototype was designed and assembled at CERN, named LIEBE (LIquid Eutectic lead Bismuth for Eurisol). Flux and dose rate maps obtained from Monte Carlo simulations of a 1 mm radii monoenergetic 70 MeV – 100 $\mu$A...
In a world with a fast-growing and rapidly aging population, where availability and accuracy of diagnosis is key to early detection and treatment of disease and injury, the development of enhanced medical imaging techniques will improve the wellbeing of unwell members of society. Miniaturised electron linear accelerators can be engineered to be a core component for a portable system for 3D...
Background and aims
The importance and clinical significance of ion beam therapy for cancer treatment is sharply increasing due to the favorable physical and biological characteristics compared to conventional radiotherapy. With the established clinical use of proton and carbon ion beams, lately there is a growing interest for use of helium ion beams for cancer treatment due to improved...
Information on where we stand with the project vis-a-vis decision makers, policy implementers and medical communities
During the last decades, engineering inventions and technological developments are progressing significantly. Metal additive manufacturing and subatomic particle accelerators are relatively new technologies whose joint potential is not realized yet as an industrial solution. The main reason for that is low trustability and skepticism on quality, accuracy, and repeatability of additively...
Riga Technical University High Energy Physics and Accelerator Technology centre's one of two core specialisations is accelerator technologies with established three main research directions: innovation and development of accelerator technologies; accelerator medical application and accelerator environmental applications. All those research directions are related to accelerator technology...
The discovery of the Higgs boson by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations a decade ago launched the particle physics community to a new era of research, with the primary goal of determining other properties of the boson. While it is true that the mass of Higgs boson, measured to be around 125 GeV, was the last remaining free parameter of the Standard Model (SM), there are plenty of well-motivated...
The search for dark matter (DM) has grown into an endeavour spanning many orders of magnitude in terms of potential DM particle candidate masses probed by numerous direct and indirect experiments. A potential new avenue to explore the nature of DM is to test the predicted abundance of dark subhalos in the LCDM framework. According to the current model of structure formation, our Galaxy has...
Hadron therapy for cancer treatment has been studied for decades and also the European Organization for Nuclear Research support by doing Next Ion Medical Machine Study are still actual and by coordinating other projects. Hadron Therapy is effective due to the reduced impact on healthy tissue. Moreover, by using a rotating gantry as a tool that provides precise patient treatment angles -...
We study the one-loop corrections to the Zb\bar{b} vertex in the framework of a left-right model. A CP-conserving left–right model with two additional heavy gauge-bosons, two charged scalars, two pseudoscalars and four physical scalars is under consideration. We compute the couplings in an arbitrary gauge and show that the divergent contributions cancel. However, the contributions of the new...
Recent results on top quark properties and interactions are presented, obtained using data collected with the CMS experiment during LHC Run 2 and Run 3 at 13 and 13.6 TeV center-of-mass energies, respectively. Measurements are performed for the inclusive and differential top quark pair production cross sections in several top quark final states. The mass of the top quark is extracted using...
Both CMS and ATLAS, the two general-purpose detectors at the LHC, need a vast array of large Monte-Carlo data samples, in order to probe the Standard Model. Common MC samples allow for assessing differences in detector performance and analysis strategy. A new ttbar sample based on the Sherpa generator is compared to CMS and ATLAS data using the Rivet validation framework. The measurement of...
