Conveners
High-energy astrophysics and cosmic rays: parallel session 1
- Xiaoyong Chu (Institute of High Energy Physics (Vienna, Austria))
High-energy astrophysics and cosmic rays: parallel session 2
- Ivan De Mitri (Gran Sasso Science Institute (IT))
High-energy astrophysics and cosmic rays: parallel session 3
- Marco Ajello
High-energy astrophysics and cosmic rays: parallel session 4
- Christopher ECKNER (LAPP, CNRS)
High-energy astrophysics and cosmic rays: parallel session 6
- David Paneque Camarero
High-energy astrophysics and cosmic rays: parallel session 7
- Fiorenza Donato (Torino University)
High-energy astrophysics and cosmic rays: parallel session 8
- Anita Reimer (Universität Innsbruck)
We present the latest precision measurements of the electron flux based on 57 million electron events collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station during first eleven years of operations. These results on cosmic-ray electrons in the energy range from 0.5 GeV to 2 TeV reveal new features that are crucial for providing insights into their origins. Comparing the...
Cosmic-ray (CR) antiparticles have the potential to reveal signatures of unexpected astrophysical processes and new physics. Recent CR experiments have provided accurate measurements of the positron flux, revealing the so-called positron excess at high energies. However, the uncertainties related to the modelling of the positron flux are still too high, significantly affecting our models of...
We report the latest results of primary cosmic ray proton, helium, carbon, oxygen, neon, magnesium, silicon, sulfur and iron fluxes based on the data collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the international space station during 11.5 years operation. The proprieties of primary cosmic rays will be discussed and systematic comparison with the latest GALPROP cosmic ray model is...
We present the latest precision AMS measurements of the fluxes of all charged cosmic elementary particles, positrons, electrons, protons, and antiprotons based on the first 11 years of data collected on the International Space Station. These unique results, obtained with the same detector and with unprecedented precision in the uncharted energy range, provide precise experimental information...
The space-based DAMPE (DArk Matter Particle Explorer) detector has been taking data since its successful launch in December 2015. Its main scientific goals include the indirect search for dark matter signatures in the cosmic electron and gamma-ray spectra, the measurements of galactic cosmic ray fluxes from tens of GeV up to hundreds of TeV and high energy gamma ray astronomy above a few...
The HERD (High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detector) experiment is a future space based experiment for the direct detection of high energy cosmic rays. It will be installed on the Chinese Space Station in 2026. The detector is based on a 3D, homogeneous, isotropic, deep and finely segmented calorimeter, surrounded by multiple sub-detectors for charge, timing and track measurement. Thanks to its...
GAPS is a balloon-borne particle-tracker searching for signals of dark matter from low-energy (kinetic energy $\leq 0.25$ GeV/n) cosmic antideuterons. In standard astrophysics, antideuteron production is kinematically suppressed at low energies; consequently, low-energy cosmic antideuterons are a nearly background-free signal of dark matter annihilation or decay. GAPS will make a precision...
The High Energy Particle Detector 01 (HEPD-01) is one of the payloads on board of CSES-01, the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite dedicated to monitoring perturbations of electromagnetic fields, plasma and charged particle fluxes induced by natural sources and artificial emitters in the near-Earth space.
It is designed to measure electrons, protons and light nuclei (up to a few hundreds...
Deuterons are the most abundant secondary nuclei in cosmic rays and precise measurement of their properties will allow to test and constrain various cosmic ray propagation models.
The precision measurement of deuteron flux with kinetic energy per nucleon from 0.2 GeV/n to 9 GeV/n based on 15 million deuterons collected by Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer during first 10 years of operation on...
Lithium and Beryllium nuclei in cosmic rays are expected to be secondaries produced by the fragmentation of primary cosmic rays during their propagation in the Galaxy. Therefore, their fluxes contain essential information on cosmic ray propagation and sources. Secondary-to-primary flux ratios provide measurements of the material traversed by cosmic rays in their journey through the Galaxy. The...
Introduction: Nearby supernova explosions may cause isotope anomalies via several processes, one of which is cosmic-ray spallation in the earth's atmosphere. We estimate the direct production rates of cosmogenic nuclides, showing the dependence on the supernova distance. This is a not a new idea: in fact we started our studies a few years ago, however due to some inconsistencies it took...
NUSES is a new space mission project aimed at studying cosmic and gamma rays, high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, the Sun-Earth environment, space weather, and magnetosphere-ionosphere-lithosphere coupling (MILC). Additionally, the NUSES mission will serve as a technological pathfinder for the development and testing of innovative technologies and observational strategies for future missions....
The Galactic Center Excess (GCE) in GeV gamma rays has been debated for over a decade, with the possibility that it might be due to dark matter annihilation or undetected point sources such as millisecond pulsars. We investigate how the gamma-ray emission model used in Galactic center analyses affects the interpretation of the GCE's nature in terms of these two competing hypotheses using a set...
We investigate the characteristics of the gamma-ray signal following the decay of MeV-scale Axion-Like Particles (ALPs) coupled to photons which are produced in a Supernova (SN) explosion. This analysis is the first to include the production of heavier ALPs through the photon coalescence process, enlarging the mass range of ALPs that could be observed in this way and giving a stronger bound...
The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory has been observing the Northern TeV gamma-ray sky since 2014. With a duty cycle of nearly 24 hours per day and a field-of-view of ~2 sr, it is an excellent instrument for performing unbiased surveys. Here, we present science results from the first eight years of operations. This includes the first catalog of astrophysical sources emitting...
The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is highly suitable for large-scale survey work. The high duty time (95+%), large FoV (2 sr), and sensitivity from 300 GeV to above 100 TeV make it ideal for creating a catalog of very high energy (VHE) sources. Over the lifetime of the HAWC observatory, 4 catalogs have been produced 3 of which were constructed using the full HAWC energy...
The instrumentation for gamma-ray astronomy has advanced tremendously during the last two decades. The study of the most violent environments in the Universe has opened a new window to understand the frontier of physics, exploring processes that are beyond the capabilities of Earth-based laboratories to replicate. One of the instruments at the forefront of gamma-ray astronomy is the MAGIC...
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next generation TeV gamma-ray observatory and the first prototype of the Large Sized Telescope (LST-1) was built in La Palma, Spain and is in its commissioning phase. Since one of the current generation TeV telescopes, MAGIC, is operating in the same site, it is possible to observe the same gamma-ray events with both instruments and perform joint...
The search for axion-like particles (ALPs) is a hot topic in physics since axions were proposed as a solution for the strong CP problem. The axion mass and coupling to standard model particles extend over a wide range and can be constrained by collider experiments as well as by astrophysical and cosmological observations.
ALPs are candidates for dark matter particles, making their search even...
The Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) is the accumulated light produced throughout the history of the universe, spanning the UV, optical, and IR spectral ranges and mostly originating from stars, directly or re-processed by dust. However, measuring the EBL total intensity (beyond the contribution of resolved discrete sources) is challenging due to its faintness compared to foreground...
The intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) is the weak magnetic field present in the voids of large-scale structures in the Universe. The interdisciplinary studies on the IGMF link several research fields of cosmology, astrophysics and astroparticle physics.
Recently, gamma-ray observations in the GeV-TeV domain have been used to probe the possible presence and main properties of IGMF using...
Blazars are one of the prime objects to be studied in the current multi-messenger era. However, even though they have been studied for decades, the underlying emission mechanisms are far from understood. In 2022, IXPE announced the first detection of X-ray polarization in blazars, which opened a new window for probing acceleration and radiation processes.
In this contribution, we put the...
Some candidates for the theory of quantum gravity allow for Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). If Lorentz's invariance is violated, it may cause an observable effect on the light curve and spectra of very high energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) photons coming from cosmic sources. One of the possible consequences of the LIV is in-vacuo dispersion which implies that the photon group velocity is energy...
The Telescope Array is a hybrid cosmic ray detector utilizing both batteries of fluorescence telescopes and a large array of scintillator surface detectors to measure the properties of extensive air showers initiated by ultra high energy cosmic rays when they enter the Earth's atmosphere. Located in central Utah, USA, the Telescope Array is the largest cosmic ray detector in the northern...
AugerPrime, the upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory, is nearing completion and the Observatory is now prepared to collect physics data after the commissioning of the new components. The Pierre Auger Observatory has demonstrated, based on the data collected thus far, the existence of the cutoff in the spectrum with high accuracy. However, the origin of this cutoff remains incompletely...
Measurements of anisotropic arrival directions for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays provide important information for identifying their sources. On large scales, cosmic rays with energies above 8 EeV reveal a dipolar flux modulation in right ascension with a significance of more than $5 \sigma$, with the dipole direction pointing 125° away from the Galactic center. This observation is explained...
One of the major unresolved issues in cosmic-ray physics is the transition from galactic to extra-galactic cosmic rays. However, constraints can be obtained by studying the cosmic ray anisotropy in the energy range from PeV to EeV where the transition is expected to occur. The sensitivity to cosmic-ray anisotropy is in particular a matter of statistics. With the upcoming IceCube-Gen2 surface...
With the implementation of a low-energy trigger, the surface array of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory is able to record cosmic-ray induced air showers with a primary energy of just a few hundred TeV. This extension of the energy range closes the gap between direct and indirect observations of primary cosmic rays and provides the potential to test the validity of hadronic interaction models in...
The ANTARES neutrino telescope operated in the Mediterranean Sea from 2006 to 2022. The detector array, consisting of photomultipliers encompassing a volume of 0.01 km3, was designed to detect high-energy neutrinos covering energies from a few hundred GeV up to the PeV range. Despite the relatively small size of the detector, the results obtained are relevant in the field of neutrino...
The combined interpretation of the spectrum and composition measurements plays a key role in the quest for the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). The Pierre Auger Observatory, thanks to its huge exposure, provides the most precise measurement of the energy spectrum of UHECRs and the most reliable information on their composition, exploiting the distributions of the depth of...
Gamma rays, high-energy neutrinos and cosmic rays (CRs) impinging on Earth signal the existence of environments in the Universe that allow acceleration of particle populations into the extremely energetic regime. In order to understand these observable signatures from putative CR sources in-source acceleration of particles, their energy and time-dependent transport including interactions in an...
The low luminosity Fanaroff-Riley type 0 (FR0) radio galaxies are amongst potential contributors to the observed flux of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Due to their much higher abundance in the local universe with respect to more powerful radio galaxies (e.g., FR0s are about five times more ubiquitous at redshifts z≤0.05 than FR1s), FR0s could provide a substantial fraction of the...
Blazars are characterized by relativistic jets oriented at a small angle to the observer's line of sight. They are among the most powerful and long-lived astrophysical sources in the Universe, with spectral energy distributions spanning 20 orders of magnitude of frequencies. The recent observation of a neutrino, coincident with a flaring blazar, TXS 0506+056, has opened a new era in blazar...
Star forming region(SFR) has long been suggested as the factory of galactic cosmic rays. It has attracted more interest with the progress from observation. An ultra-high energy photo with energy of 1.4PeV was detected from Cygnus region, which implies there might be a super accelerator in this region. The detection of UHE gamma ray emission (above 100TeV) is crucial to understand the...
Cosmic rays are thought to be accelerated up to a few PeV by the most powerful sources, the so-called “PeVatron” in the Galaxy. On the other hand, gamma rays beyond 100 TeV are expected by the neutral pion decays caused by the interaction of these cosmic rays with the interstellar medium. Therefore, the gamma-ray observation is key to unveiling a long-standing mystery, the origin and the...
The Galactic Centre (GC) represents an intriguing playground for the astroparticle community where studying physical processes and testing theories and models. The complexity of such a region is evident at each wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum: even at the shortest one the GC region assumes a key-role for understanding the nature and origin of the emission observed in γ-rays. The...
We provide a phenomenological description of the population
of galactic TeV Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe) based on suitable assumptions for their space and luminosity distribution.
We constrain the general features of this population by
assuming that it accounts for the majority of bright sources
observed by H.E.S.S. Namely, we determine the maximal luminosity and fading time of PWNe by...
Thousands of GeV-emitters have been catalogued by now, with a great variety of object classes therein. A few systems appear particular suitable to probe Galactic cosmic rays, with studies typically revolving around particle acceleration in supernova remnants or pulsar wind nebulae. However, these systems evolve on time scales significantly longer than a human lifetime, virtually preventing the...
Magnetars formed as a result of binary neutron star mergers are sources of multi-messenger emissions, in particular gravitational wave (GW), neutrino, and electromagnetic (EM) signatures. The physical model consists of a millisecond magnetar, whose rotation drives the pulsar wind nebula, and is surrounded by a kilonova ejecta. We discuss how this system acts as a source of high-energy cosmic...
In this work, we adopt KNe data to prepare a training, test, and validation data set to be fed into a conditional variational autoencoder to regenerate the KNe light curves for the required values of physical parameters. For different KNe models, the physical parameters governing the light curves are different based on the pre-merger or post-merger properties of the BNS merger event. We train...
In this contribution, we investigate the seasonal variation of multi-muon events, as observed by the NOvA Near Detector (ND) at Fermilab, using the general-purpose Monte Carlo code FLUKA, which simulates the transport and interaction of the air-shower particles in the atmosphere and other media. The upper atmosphere temperature suffers a seasonal variation over the year. Due to this...
Cosmic rays (CRs) span a wide range of energies, where the ultra-high-energy CRs are studied through the extended air showers produced when CRs collide with the upper atmosphere on earth. The determination of their mass and energy depends upon the measured and simulated maxima air-shower profiles. These are modeled using hadronic Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. However, the measurements of...
