The ScIDEP (Scintillator Imaging Detector for the Egyptian Pyramids) Collaboration is constructing a new scintillator-based muon telescope to investigate the internal structure of the Pyramid of Khafre at the Giza Plateau in Egypt. This pyramid is only slightly smaller than the Great Pyramid, however its known internal structure seems much simpler compared to the latter and hence raises the...
The Buda Castle is the largest underground muography project of Wigner Research Centre for Physics, and one of the major ones worldwide. The project has been running for more than four years, and we have about the same period until completion. The research area is the southern part of the hill of Buda Caste, Budapest, where the present castle and the partly buried ruins of the ancient ones are...
Archémuons is a collaborative project between the Institute of Physics of the 2 Infinities of Lyon (IP2I Lyon), the Laboratory of Geology of Lyon (LGL) and the Archéorient Laboratory. The three laboratories will perform surveys at the Palais de Mirroir of the Gallo Roman Museum of Vienne in France. The goal of the project is to evaluate how geology surveys (electric resistivity,...
The muon radiography technique provides non-invasive imaging of the interior of large structures (targets) by exploiting the absorption properties of atmospheric muons in the materials. The absorption of muons depends not only on the thickness of the material but also on its density. Using this technique it’s possible, thanks to the comparison with simulations that take into account the known...
Muography is being applied in a wide variety of areas, including applications in e.g. multidisciplinary research, industry, homeland security and society. A number of basic detector types have already been used for the construction of muon telescopes. Here, we investigate the usage and combination of advanced gaseous detector technologies to arrive at a high-performance muon telescope for...
Sakurajima Muography Observatory (SMO) is a modular infrastructure that is operating with 14 muon tracking systems based on gaseous detectors [1] and scintillators [2]. The SMO is monitoring the mass density changes through the volcanic edifice and in the atmosphere at the Sakurajima volcano, Japan. We discuss the recent observational results. We observed mass changes on the surface regions of...
Oceanic lithosphere cycling produces critical resources to economy and governs the occurrence various natural hazards from earthquakes to volcanic eruptions. Only a small portion of the shallow lithosphere is explored. The physical nature and geological meaning of the upper and lower crust boundaries and Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho) between the oceanic crust and mantle are not yet fully...
The MUon RAdiography of VESuvius (MURAVES) project aims at the study of Mt. Vesuvius, an active and hazardous volcano near Naples, Italy, with the use of muons freely and abundantly produced by cosmic rays. In particular, the MURAVES experiment intends to perform muographic imaging of the internal structure of the summit of Mt. Vesuvius. The challenging measurement of the rock density...
The intense hydrothermal activity occurring at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe, French Lesser Antilles, is a major concern for volcanologists at the Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Guadeloupe and for the local population living nearby. Partly hosted within the andesitic lava dome, this hydrothermal system, continuously fueled with meteoric waters, is indeed responsible for both...
The search for water on the lunar and martian surfaces is a crucial aspect of space exploration, aiding further understanding the history and evolution of these planetary bodies. However, our understanding of the distribution and concentration of these resources on the lunar and martian surfaces is limited. Moreover, we lack detailed data on the origin and migration of lunar and martian...
We have been developing muographic techniques with nuclear emulsions. Nuclear emulsions are lightweight, compact, and do not require a power supply. They are excellent for muography because they can be inserted into the interior of pyramids and other archaeological sites and boreholes, and can be used for large-area and multi-point observations for three-dimensional visualization.
Currently,...
We report muography of an archaeological site located in the highly populated “Sanità” district in the center of Naples, ten meters below the current street level. Several detectors capable of detecting muons were installed underground at the depth of 18 m, to measure the muon flux over several weeks. By measuring the differential flux with our detectors in a wide angular range, we have...
