Several proposals for future e+e- colliders are currently under study, such as CLIC, ILC, FCC-ee or CEPC. The physics goals and experimental conditions at these 'Higgs Factories' pose challenging demands on the performance of the detector systems. For the silicon-based vertex and tracking layers, a single-plane spatial resolution of a few microns is needed, combined with very thin sensors...
CERN offers a diverse set of test beam facilities that offer many different particle types over a large momentum range. These secondary and tertiary beams are produced from primary proton and ion beams of the PS and SPS accelerators and serve fixed-target experiments as well as dedicated experimental areas for test beam users. The available beams range from below 1 GeV/c up to 400 GeV/c and a...
CERN offers a range of beamlines for fixed target physics and test beam studies in its PS East Area (EA) and SPS North Area (NA) accelerator complex. Additionally, CERN also supports a diverse range of activities via its irradiation facilities, including the PS EA based IRRAD, CHARM, CHIMERA and the SPS NA based GIF++ installations.
The year 2022 was the first year of full physics operation...
Fermilab plays host to the Fermilab Test Beam Facility(FTBF) and the Irradiation Test Area (ITA). The FTBF is one of the highest energy facilities in the world which is dedicated to helping experimenters develop, test, and calibrate particle detectors. The Fermilab accelerator complex delivers a 120 GeV primary proton beam and secondary/tertiary beams of varying momenta and particle content....
In this presentation, I will report/introduce newly constructed KEK PF-AR Test Beamline.
The beamline is based on KEK PF-AR 6.5 GeV electron storage ring for photon source. The beamline provide continuous 1 kHz electron beam up to 5 GeV.
The beamline is now in commissioning phase and will be open for user from JFY2023.
The FASER experiment at the LHC will be instrumented with a high precision W-Si preshower to identify and reconstruct electromagnetic showers produced by two O(TeV) photons at distances down to 200µm.
The new detector features a monolithic silicon ASIC with hexagonal pixels of 100 µm pitch, extended dynamic range for the charge measurement and capability to store the charge information for...
The High Luminosity program of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will
increase the beam's instantaneous luminosity up to $7.5\cdot 10^{34} cm^{-2} s^{-1}$.
An upgrade of the ATLAS tracking detector, the Inner Tracker (ITk), is
needed to cope with the resulting harsher radiation levels and number of
tracks.
The outermost layers of the ITk pixel detector are designed to operate
for the...
In order to cope with the occupancy and radiation doses expected at the High-Luminosity LHC, the ATLAS experiment will replace its Inner Detector with an all-silicon Inner Tracker (ITk), containing pixel and strip subsystems. The strip subsystem will be built from modules, consisting of one or two n+-in-p silicon sensors, one or two PCB hybrids containing the front-end electronics, and one...
LHCb is expected to see an increase in integrated luminosity from 50 fb$^{-1}$ to as much as 300 fb$^{−1}$ by the end of Run 5-6. Such an increase prompts an upgrade to the LHCb tracking system: to deal with higher occupancy, more interactions per bunch-crossing, and harsher radiation conditions - to name a few key challenges.
For Upgrade-II of the LHCb detector (expected $\geq$ 2030), the...
The various CMS detector parts will face significant challenges as a result of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) program. While some of them will be replaced by more sophisticated systems, others, like the Drift Tube chambers, will need to function at 5 times the instantaneous luminosity that they were designed for and maintain roughly 10 times the anticipated LHC integrated luminosity. To meet...
Silicon tracking detectors are very large and complex system - and each of the are unique. In the history of these detectors many different geometries and designs were built. However, some steps are always the same during the development and construction of the detector.
In this presentation the way from the bare sensor to a full detector will be described including an overview of most...
Test beam measurements often rely on a precise reconstruction of the tracks of beam particles. For this purpose, the DESY II Test Beam facility provides one beam telescope at each of its three beam lines. This includes two copies of the well established and widely used EUDET-type telescope, which has become an integral part of the test beam infrastructure over the last decade, but is also...
The RD51 collaboration at CERN focuses on the R&D of Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs). Included in this work are joint test beam campaigns at a semi-permanent facility at the H4 beam line of CERN’s Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). As part of the test beam infrastructure, two beam telescopes with 10 x 10 cm² active area are provided. Both of them are read out with the RD51 Scalable...
The proposed Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) imposes new challenges for the vertex detector in terms of pixel size and material budget. A Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) prototype, TaichuPix, based on a data-driven structure and a column drain readout architecture, has been implemented to achieve high spatial resolution and fast readout. In order to verify the spatial...
In high-energy physics, upgrades for particle detectors and studies on future particle detectors are largely based on silicon sensors as tracking devices. The surface that needs to be covered by silicon sensors is constantly increasing so that they become an immense cost driver in particle physics experiments.
Consequently, there is a need to investigate new silicon sensor concepts that can...
MIMOSIS is a Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) designed in CIS Tower Jazz 180 nm technology for the Micro Vertex Detector (MVD) of the CBM heavy ion experiment at FAIR/GSI. In addition, its characteristics pave the road toward sensors equipping future Higgs factories. It is also anticipated to equip beam telescopes and various devices developed in the framework of the HORIZON 2020 large...
A strong effort is ongoing to find ecological alternative gas mixtures to be used for Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs). RPCs are widely used in present LHC experiments and in other applications. Main gases used for proper RPC operations in avalanche mode are Tetrafluorethane (usually called R134a) and SF6. Both these gases have high Global Warming Potential and the community is starting...
Recent developments in accelerator technolgies have led to an increasing interest in electron accelerators for the purpose of radiation therapy. In the context of FLASH radiotherapy, collimated electron beams with a kinetic energy in the order of 50 to 250 MeV are utilized with the prospect of reducing the damage to healthy tissue with respect to conventional electron radiotherapy.
This...
The infrastructure at the DESY II test beam facility allows for highly efficient data taking if utilised correctly. The combination of the AIDA-2020 Trigger-Logic-Unit (TLU) and the beam telescopes enables highly flexible modes of data taking to easily accommodate different sensors. Data driven and triggered devices can be integrated with an minimal overhead.
We would like to take the...
Corryvreckan is a software framework dedicated to the analysis of test-beam data. It employs a modular concept, providing algorithms for typical analysis steps like pixel masking, clustering, tracking, alignment and for the reconstruction of commonly investigated observables like detection efficiency, spatial and temporal resolution or material budget. This approach allows for a flexible...
Scope of the tutorial
The goal of this interactive tutorial is to understand the usage of basic functionalities of the Allpix Squared simulation framework, and methods to extract some of the relevant quantities for sensor studies. Participants are encouraged to follow along on their own computers. A task and instructions will be provided and walked through, covering the basic concepts of...
The Geant4 simulation toolkit is used by several experimental groups for detector design studies and detector beam test assessments. In the present era of increasingly detailed detectors, Geant4 plays a key role. It is required to undergo major improvements in both physics accuracy and computational performance. Calorimeter beam tests involve various particles at different energy scales and...
For the HL-LHC phase, the calorimeter endcap of the CMS detector will be upgraded with a High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL), a sampling calorimeter that will use silicon sensors as well as scintillator tiles read out by silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) as active material (SiPM-on-tile). The design of the SiPM-on-tile section was inspired by the CALICE AHCAL. The complete HGCAL will be...
Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) are pixelated semiconductor detectors consisting of Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs). These single-photon sensitive detectors are often analog devices that require separate digitization. Combining SiPMs with digital readout known from modern pixel sensors offers new possibilities like full hitmap readout, pixel masking or fast timestamping.
Such a...
Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are solid-state light detectors capable of detecting single photons with high quantum efficiency in the ultraviolet to visible energy range with excellent time resolution. Due to their unique characteristics, these devices are increasingly used in high-energy physics, medical and commercial applications. Most SiPMs are implemented as large arrays of...
Thanks to the properties of the LHCb-RICH optical system, the time of arrival of the Cherenkov photons emitted by the charged particles passing through the detector can be predicted very precisely. This timing information can be
used to significantly improve both the PID performance and the signal to noise ratio for
the detector and will ultimately allow the system to withstand...
The expected increase of the particle flux at the high luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC) with instantaneous luminosities up to L ≃ 7.5×1034 cm−2 s-1 will have a severe impact on the ATLAS detector performance. The pile-up is expected to increase on average to 200 interactions per bunch crossing. The reconstruction and trigger performance for electrons, photons as well as jets and transverse...
The MIP Timing Detector (MTD) will be installed as a part of the CMS Phase-2 Upgrade to sustain track reconstruction and particle identification by incorporating Time-of-Flight information in the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) era. The Endcap Timing Layer (ETL) of the MTD makes use of Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) sensors read out with frontend ASICs referred to as the Endcap Timing Read-Out...
The Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detectors at LHCb play an integral role in particle identification. However, with the fivefold increase in luminosity resulting from LHCb upgrade II and the high luminosity LHC, the RICH detectors will have to introduce timing resolution on the order of 100 ps to retain performance. This time resolved upgrade is the focus of current RICH testbeam campaigns,...
Allpix Squared, a versatile, open-source simulation framework for silicon semiconductor pixel detectors, is now around for more than five years. Since the first release, the framework has developed a lot and the range of users has grown. While originally created for silicon detectors in high-energy physics, it is capable of simulating a wide range of detector types for various application...
Context of the Talk
The ATLAS Inner Detector (ID) will be replaced with a new all-silicon tracker (ITk) for LHCs high luminosity phase. ITk will consist of a pixel and a strip subdetector, both of which subdivide into barrel and endcap sections. The endcap strip modules use a radial strip geometry that resembles a polar coordinate system. Groups of these modules are then placed on a...
Monolithic CMOS sensors produced in a 65 nm imaging technology are being investigated for an application in particle physics for the first time. Their main characteristic is the integration of an active sensor and readout circuit in the same silicon wafer, which provides a reduction in material budget. Compared to the previously investigated 180 nm process, the 65 nm technology offers a...
The goal of the TANGERINE project is to develop the next generation of
monolithic silicon pixel detectors using a 65 nm CMOS imaging process, which offers a higher logic density and overall lower power consumption compared to previously used processes. In order to understand the processes that are involved in the development in the new 65 nm technology, a combination of Technology...
Monolithic CMOS sensors enable the development of detectors with low material budget and a low fabrication cost. Besides, using a small collection electrode results in a small sensor capacitance, a low analogue power consumption, and a large signal-to-noise ratio. TCAD Device simulations are used to model the highly non-linear electric field inside this type of sensor. These electric fields...
The reconstruction of charged particle trajectories (often referred to as "tracking") is a critical aspect in many physics experiments and test beds. In this lecture, the key underlying concepts of tracking will be introduced, as well as common algorithmic approaches to the task, the considerations for detector design when optimising tracking performance, and dealing with experimental...
The MONOLITH ERC Advanced project aims at producing a monolithic silicon pixel ASIC with 50 µm pixel pitch and picosecond-level time stamping. The two main ingredients are low noise, fast SiGe BiCMOS electronics and a novel sensor concept, the Picosecond Avalanche Detector (PicoAD). The PicoAD uses a patented multi-PN junction to engineer the electric field and produce continuous gain layer...
The CERN RD50 collaboration developed several radiation-hard monolithic silicon
particle detectors (DMAPS) to study their usability for tracking and vertexing. The
most recent development is the so-called RD50-MPW3.
This sensor was fabricated in a 150nm High Voltage CMOS process by LFoundry and
consists of 64 × 64 pixel with a pitch of 62μm. Besides an analog front end, the...
The ALICE experiment is preparing the ITS3, an upgrade of its Inner Tracking System for LHC Run 4.
The technology proposed for this upgrade is Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) produced in the 65 nm CMOS imaging process by TPSCo. Different pixel test structures have been developed to validate this technology. One of these is the Analogue Pixel Test Structure (APTS) which features an...
Sensor samples for a future compact electromagnetic sampling calorimeter were tested in DESY-II electron beam in 2021 and 2022. The sensors are made of silicon and GaAs with the size of 5$\times$8 cm$^2$. They are 320 µm and 500 µm for the silicon and GaAs sensors in thickness, respectively, and the pad size is 5$\times$5 mm$^2$. The compactness of the sampling calorimeter requires the readout...
Silicon-based sensors that can deliver a timing resolution of a few tens of ps along with a significantly better spatial resolution (O(few μm)) have been studied extensively in recent years. In an AC-coupled Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD), a highly-doped p+ gain layer is implanted between a continuous n+ layer and p-type bulk to form a high-field multiplication region. Electrical signals in...
The excellent performance of bent ALPIDE sensors has been demonstrated within the ALICE ITS3 R&D. In the corresponding analysis effort a need for simulation and reconstruction software capable of accurately handling bent sensors emerged. The Corryvreckan framework is being updated to include the ability to model bent sensor geometries, providing an important tool for bent pixel sensor beam...
Remote connection also available.
Career Counselling with an expert trainer in a small group.
The aims of this hands-on tutorial are to
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Create awareness on strategic career planning
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Reflect on your own expertise and values
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Use tools to be your own advocate
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Know the power networking
We will use the methods of
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individual and group activities
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discussion and reflection
Scope of the tutorial
The goal of this interactive tutorial is to understand the usage of basic functionalities of the Allpix Squared simulation framework, and methods to extract some of the relevant quantities for sensor studies. Participants are encouraged to follow along on their own computers. A task and instructions will be provided and walked through, covering the basic concepts of...
The infrastructure at the DESY II test beam facility allows for highly efficient data taking if utilised correctly. The combination of the AIDA-2020 Trigger-Logic-Unit (TLU) and the beam telescopes enables highly flexible modes of data taking to easily accommodate different sensors. Data driven and triggered devices can be integrated with an minimal overhead.
We would like to take the...
Corryvreckan is a software framework dedicated to the analysis of test-beam data. It employs a modular concept, providing algorithms for typical analysis steps like pixel masking, clustering, tracking, alignment and for the reconstruction of commonly investigated observables like detection efficiency, spatial and temporal resolution or material budget. This approach allows for a flexible...
The Inner Tracker of the ATLAS experiment requires the optimal performance
of its pixel sensors. To test their efficiency, a reliable track reconstruction and
analysis for testbeam data is necessary to ensure the precise detection of par-
ticles. The quality of data from testbeam campaigns are influenced by many
factors, including high beam densities, which can impair the track...
High intensity beams, such as the M2 muon beam at CERN, provide a significant challenge to DAQ systems, in particular when reading out many sensors. For example, beam tests conducted by the MUonE experiment used silicon strip sensors with a bandwidth of 5 Gb/s per module.
Future beam tests will incorporate up to 18 of these modules connected to a triggerless readout system. Limits on...
After 25 years of successful research in the nuclear and radiation physics domain, the KVI-CART research center in Groningen is upgraded and re-established as the PARticle Therapy REsearch Center (PARTREC). Using the superconducting cyclotron AGOR and being embedded within the University Medical Center Groningen, providing proton beams of up to 190 MeV and ion beams (up to Pb) with energies up...
Operating since 2017, the CERN Linear Electron Accelerator for Research (CLEAR) is a user facility providing electron beams for a large and varied range of experiments. The electron beam is produced from a Cs$_2$Te photocathode and is accelerated between 60 MeV and 220 MeV in a 20 m long linear accelerator (LINAC). The accelerated beam is then transported to an experimental beamline, in which...
The generation and acceleration of ultra-short, high quality electron beams have attracted more and more interest
in accelerator science. Electron bunches with these properties are necessary to operate and test novel high-resolution diagnostics and advanced high gradient accelerating schemes.
The dedicated R&D linac ARES at DESY (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron) is now fully operational...
The Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) can provide unique beam parameters regarding delivered dose and dose rate. With an average dose rate of up to 1E7 Gy/s and peak dose rates of up to 4E13 Gy/s, PITZ is fully capable of ultra-high dose rate irradiation which should allow so-called FLASH radiation therapy, a new method of cancer treatment.
A completely new beamline...
DESY Director for Particle Physics
