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Prof. Roland Walter (University of Geneva)15/07/2025, 09:05
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Prof. Sunil Gupta (Tata Inst. of Fundamental Research (IN))15/07/2025, 09:15
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State Councilor Nathalie Fontanet15/07/2025, 09:25
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Prof. Ralph Engel (KIT)15/07/2025, 09:30
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Ralph Engel (KIT)15/07/2025, 09:40
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Ralph Engel (KIT)15/07/2025, 09:50
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Jamie Holder (University of Delaware)15/07/2025, 10:00
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Ralph Engel (KIT)15/07/2025, 10:10
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Steve Barwick15/07/2025, 10:20
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Ralph Engel (KIT)15/07/2025, 10:30
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Barry Barish (CALTECH)15/07/2025, 10:45
Observing the sky with photons, cosmic rays, and gravitational waves, is giving us an ever deeper understanding of the universe we live in. In this talk, I trace my personal journey from searching for magnetic monopoles to observing neutrino oscillation, and finally, to discovering gravitational waves.
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Dr Alfonso Andres Garcia Soto (IFIC)15/07/2025, 11:15
Atmospheric neutrinos have been crucial in advancing our knowledge of neutrino oscillations. Notably, this source of neutrinos provided one of the first evidences of this phenomenon in the late 20th century. Since then, significant progress has been made, bringing us closer to the so-called precision era of neutrino oscillation physics. SuperK has demonstrated for over three decades that...
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Roland Walter (University of Geneva)15/07/2025, 11:45
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Gilles Koziol15/07/2025, 11:52
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Geraldina Golup15/07/2025, 13:20
The large-scale dipole structure in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays above 8 EeV observed by the Pierre Auger Collaboration is a well-established anisotropy measurement. This anisotropy is understood to be of extragalactic origin, as the maximum of the dipolar component is located $\sim115^\circ$ away from the Galactic Center. Cosmic rays interact with background...
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Dr Yosui Akaike (Waseda University)15/07/2025, 13:20
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a space-based experiment performing direct cosmic-ray observations aboard the International Space Station. Since the start of observations in October 2015, CALET has been continuously collecting scientific data for more than nine years. The instrument is capable of measuring individual cosmic-ray nuclei, covering a wide energy range from a few...
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Veronica Bindi (University of Hawai'i at Manoa (US))15/07/2025, 13:20
The installation of two new neutron monitors, HLEA and THIMON, at the summit of Haleakalā, Hawai‘i, marks a significant advancement in cosmic ray and solar neutron studies. Situated at 3,055 meters above sea level, these monitors benefit from minimal atmospheric interference, enabling high-precision measurements of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) and solar neutron flux. Operational since December...
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Hiroki Rokujo (Nagoya University (JP))15/07/2025, 13:20
The FASER experiment at the LHC aims to study neutrinos of all three flavors at TeV energies and search for new long-lived particles. The FASER detector, a 1-ton-scale emulsion-electronic hybrid neutrino detector, is located 480 m downstream of the ATLAS $p$-$p$ interaction point, directly in the line of sight. Data taking began with the start of LHC Run 3 in 2022, and a total of 190 fb$^{-1}$...
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Zhiguo Yao (IHEP, Beijing)15/07/2025, 13:20
: The extragalactic background light (EBL) contains all the radiation emitted by nuclear and accretion processes in stars and compact objects since the epoch of recombination. Measuring the EBL density directly is challenging However, gamma-ray astronomy provides an alternative approach to indirectly studying the EBL through the observation of gamma-ray absorption in the spectra of distant...
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Walter Cook (University of Rochester)15/07/2025, 13:20
Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) are a common background for measurements of solar activity. Measurements of long-lived isotopes in meteoritic data indicate the GCR flux has been constant for several Myr, but these measurements have relative systematic uncertainties exceeding 30%. By using deep-ice carbon-14 extracted from the Antarctic ice sheet at Dome C, we can reconstruct changes in the GCR...
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Takashi Sako (University of Tokyo (JP))15/07/2025, 13:20
The Andes Large area PArticle detector for Cosmic ray physics and Astronomy (ALPACA) is a new air shower array experiment under construction in the Bolivian Andes at the altitude of 4740m. The aim of the experiment is to explore the southern gamma-ray sky beyond 100 TeV to reveal the yet unknown PeV cosmic-ray accelerators. The surface array consisting of 401 plastic scintillating counters...
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Chanoknan Banglieng (Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani)15/07/2025, 13:35
The leader fraction, L, is defined as the fraction of neutron monitor counts that are not temporally associated with a later count in the same neutron monitor counter due to the same cosmic ray shower. L was extracted from time-delay histograms and serves as a precise indicator of spectral variations in cosmic rays above the cutoff rigidity. In this work, we analyze long-term variations in L...
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Atreya Acharyya (University of Southern Denmark)15/07/2025, 13:35
The intrinsic gamma-ray flux from extragalactic sources in the very-high-energy (VHE; E>100GeV) regime is subject to attenuation due to interactions with photons of the extragalactic background light (EBL), leading to pair production. Consequently, the Universe is expected to appear opaque to VHE photons above certain energy thresholds, depending on the redshift of the source. An oscillation...
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Irene Cagnoli (Gran Sasso Science Institute (IT))15/07/2025, 13:35
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space based detector operating since its launch in December 2015. The primary goals of the mission include the measurement of the cosmic e+e − spectrum, the high energy gamma-ray astronomy, and the analysis of the flux and composition of cosmic ray protons and nuclei from tens GeV up to several hundreds TeV.
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This study presents a direct... -
Alberto Gálvez Ureña15/07/2025, 13:35
Ground-based full-sky studies of the angular distribution of arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays require combining data from different observatories, such as the Pierre Auger Observatory (Auger) and the Telescope Array (TA), because no single array can cover all declinations. A working group comprising members from the Auger and TA collaborations has been tasked with performing...
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Dennis Soldin (University of Utah)15/07/2025, 13:35
High-energy collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have traditionally focused on particle production at small pseudorapidities. However, to further utilize the valuable data from particles produced at the ATLAS interaction point along the beamline, the proposed Forward Physics Facility (FPF) aims to study particle production in the far-forward region at the high-luminosity LHC. The FPF...
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Revaz Beradze (Andronikashvili Institute of Physics)15/07/2025, 13:35
The GELATICA experiment (GEorgian Large-area Angle and TIme Coincidence Array) comprises several cosmic ray detector arrays located in two cities in Georgia. These observatories are designed to detect Extensive Air Showers (EAS) with high-precision timing and determine the arrival directions of cosmic ray showers. GELATICA is part of the CREDO collaboration (Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed...
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Petra Huentemeyer15/07/2025, 13:35
A collaboration of scientists across the globe is currently working on the development of the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO), a next-generation gamma-ray facility to be constructed in Chile. SWGO will provide wide field-of-view coverage with a high duty cycle for a large portion of the southern sky and complement observations of existing ground-based survey instruments in the...
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Dakota Keblbeck15/07/2025, 13:50
Cosmic ray secondaries produced in Earth's atmosphere present a dominant background in many experiments and equipment benchmarking efforts, especially for those requiring high levels of sensitivity. For such experiments and equipment testing, underground research facilities are an essential asset. These facilities are sought after due to the rock overburden, which provides natural protection...
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Dr Jonas Glombitza (Erlangen Centre of Astroparticle Physics)15/07/2025, 13:50
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a next-generation experiment and offers precise wide-field observations of the southern gamma-ray sky. SWGO will be located in Pamba la Bola, Chile, at an altitude of 4770 m, cover an area of 1 km² and complement CTA and LHAASO. By leveraging double-layered Water Cherenkov Detectors, the SWGO design will facilitate gamma-ray observations...
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Lucas Gréaux (Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany)15/07/2025, 13:50
The history of photon production and galaxy evolution since the epoch of reionization is encoded in the extragalactic background light (EBL). Above an energy threshold, $\gamma$-rays can interact with the optical and infrared photons that dominate the EBL, resulting in an absorption imprint in the spectra of extragalactic sources. The combined observations of the current generation of...
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Warit Mitthumsiri (Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University)15/07/2025, 13:50
Solar storms can disturb Galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) fluxes within the heliosphere at short time scales in events known as Forbush decreases (FDs). We extract hourly GCR spectral variations during FDs from a global network of ground-based neutron monitors and muon detectors using two independent methods: A) fitting a GCR rigidity spectral model with anisotropy up to second order, and B)...
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Igor Vaiman (Gran Sasso Science Institute, INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso)15/07/2025, 13:50
Recently, LHAASO has performed precise measurements of the all-particle spectrum and the mean logarithmic mass $\langle \ln A \rangle$ of cosmic rays at energies around the knee (~4 PeV). These data provides an unprecedented opportunity to test models of Galactic CR acceleration and propagation, bridging direct and indirect measurements for the first time. In this work, we develop a...
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863. The quest for Lepton Flavour Violation and the neutrino nature: status of the LEGEND experimentGiuseppe Salamanna (Roma Tre University and INFN - Roma Tre)15/07/2025, 13:50
If neutrinos were the one (and only) instance of elementary particles of the Majorana type, they could undergo a hypothetical process violating lepton number, the so-called neutrino-less double-beta decay (0νββ). If 0νββ indeed were observed, that would be enough to claim the Majorana nature of neutrinos. This would have substantial repercussions on cosmology and provide a possible mechanism...
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Lorenzo Apollonio15/07/2025, 13:50
We present an update on the arrival-direction analyses conducted on intermediate angular scales using the complete Phase I data of the Pierre Auger Observatory up to the end of $2022$ with a total exposure of $135,000\,\text{km}^2\,\text{sr}\,\text{yr}$. We will show the arrival-direction distribution of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays along the supergalactic plane above...
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Luigi Lavitola (University Federico II and INFN, Naples (IT))15/07/2025, 14:05
The SWGO collaboration proposes constructing a wide-field-of-view observatory to explore the southern hemisphere sky in the 100 GeV - 1 PeV energy range. The selected site is the Atacama Astronomical Park in Chile. Currently, the HAWC and LHAASO experiments are the only ground-based arrays for gamma-ray detection operating in this energy range, and both are located in the northern hemisphere....
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Dr Qinning Sun (IHEP)15/07/2025, 14:05
The Wide Field-of-view Cherenkov Telescope Array (WFCTA) at the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) detects cosmic-ray-induced air showers by measuring Cherenkov light produced by secondary particles in the atmosphere. Precise reconstruction of primary cosmic-ray properties necessitates rigorous calibration of atmospheric attenuation effects and telescope response. This study...
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Dr PRANTIK SARMAH (Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing)15/07/2025, 14:05
The diffuse gamma-ray background (DGRB) measured by various telescopes spans over a wide energy range from keV to around TeV. In the energy range (100 MeV-820 GeV), the DGRB can be explained by sources such as blazars and star forming galaxies. Whereas in the lower energies up to around 0.3 MeV, the dominant sources are found to be active galactic nuclei and Seyfert galaxies. However, in the...
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Kazuyoshi Kobayashi (Waseda university)15/07/2025, 14:05
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is carrying out direct measurements of the main components of high energy cosmic rays up to ~1 PeV in order to obtain systematic understanding of cosmic ray acceleration and propagation. The detector consisting of a charge detector, an imaging calorimeter, and a total absorption calorimeter, is located on the International Space Station. The...
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Mehak kanwal15/07/2025, 14:05
Neutron monitors (NMs) are basic instruments to measure Galactic cosmic ray variations in the range of ~ 1 to 50 GeV. The upgraded electronics at a few NM stations enable the analysis of the relative time delays and relative positions of multiple secondary particles produced by the same primary particle in Earth’s atmosphere. In this work, we performed atmospheric Monte Carlo Simulations using...
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marta colomer (ULB (IIHE))15/07/2025, 14:05
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a next-generation neutrino experiment located in China, currently undergoing the Liquid Scintillator (LS) filling phase. With 20 ktons of ultra-pure LS, JUNO seeks to make world leading measurements of three neutrino oscillation parameters and determining the Neutrino Mass Ordering (NMO).
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Even though it is designed to primarily use... -
Mrs Mariia Kudenko15/07/2025, 14:05
Observations made by the High Resolution Fly's Eye detector in stereoscopic fluorescent mode revealed correlations between arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and positions of distant BL Lac type objects (Gorbunov et al. 2004, Abbasi et al. 2005). They implied the existence of non-deflected particles travelling for cosmological distances, which was hard to explain within...
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Joshua Baxter15/07/2025, 14:20
The extragalactic background light (EBL) encodes the cumulative radiation from extragalactic sources across ultraviolet to infrared wavelengths, serving as a key probe of galaxy formation and cosmic evolution. This study enhances previous EBL reconstructions by incorporating the Spectral TeV Extragalactic Catalog (STeVECat), expanding the sample from our previous study to include a larger set...
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Areej kazmi (Mahidol University, Thailand)15/07/2025, 14:20
The Sun can occasionally accelerate particles to become solar energetic particles, some of which may collide with the Earth’s atmosphere and produce secondary air showers that ground-based neutron monitors can detect. This work investigates the Princess Sirindhorn Neutron Monitor (PSNM) response to solar neutrons originating from solar activity such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections....
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Andrii Tykhonov (Universite de Geneve (CH))15/07/2025, 14:20
Protons are the most abundant component of Cosmic Rays (CRs), predominantly of primary origin. Due to their relatively high flux compared to the other CR elements, they constitute a unique footprint of the high-energy CR phenomena that can be probed with space experiments. Recent results of the DAMPE mission on the combined proton plus helium flux indicate the presence of a new structure – a...
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Wenyi Bian15/07/2025, 14:20
Simulations of the cosmic-ray (CR) anisotropy down to TeV energies are presented, using turbulence parameters consistent with those inferred from observations of the interstellar medium. We compute the angular power spectra $C_{\ell}$ of the CR anisotropy obtained from the simulations. We show that the power spectrum depends on CR energy, and that it is sensitive to the location of the...
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Claudio Galelli (INFN Milano)15/07/2025, 14:20
Paleo-detectors offer a unique opportunity to probe the long-term history of cosmic ray-flux, potentially revealing evidence of nearby supernovae and other high-energy astrophysical events. This technique relies on the persistent damage tracks left in natural minerals by nuclear recoils induced by cosmic ray secondaries, providing an integrated record of particle flux over geological...
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Alison Mitchell (ECAP, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg)15/07/2025, 14:20
The forthcoming Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory will be located in Chile and ideally situated to observe the southern Galactic Plane. With its continuous survey capabilities and large collection area at high energies ≥ 100 TeV, SWGO will significantly contribute to studies of galactic gamma-ray sources. In this contribution, we refine the galactic science case for SWGO in light of...
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Tanvi Krishnan (Harvard University)15/07/2025, 14:20
In order to develop a consistent quantum theory of gravity, we must understand whether spacetime exhibits fluctuations at the Planck scale. If these Planck-scale fluctuations exist, they may cause propagating particles to evolve in an apparently non-unitary manner. Neutrinos, which interact only via the weak force and gravity, maintain quantum coherence while propagating over large distances....
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Larissa Paul15/07/2025, 14:35
The IceAct telescopes are Imaging Air Cherenkov telescopes installed as part of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the geographic South Pole. They consist of a 61 pixel camera and are small and robust to withstand the harsh environmental conditions. IceAct detects Cherenkov light produced by cosmic-ray particles with energies above approximately 10TeV interacting inside the atmosphere, which...
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Paramita Dasgupta (CCAPP Fellow at the Ohio State University)15/07/2025, 14:35
The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an in-ice ultra-high-energy (UHE, >10 PeV) neutrino experiment at the South Pole, designed to detect neutrino-induced radio emission in ice. It consists of five independent stations, each featuring a cubic lattice of in-ice antenna clusters spaced ~30 m apart and buried ~200 m below the surface. The fifth ARA station (A5) is unique due to its central phased...
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Justin Finke15/07/2025, 14:35
The extragalactic background light (EBL) is a key observable for understanding galaxy evolution and cosmology, as it represents the cumulative radiation from all star-forming galaxies throughout cosmic history, spanning ultraviolet to far-infrared wavelengths, with an additional, less certain contribution from active galactic nuclei. High-energy gamma rays from distant blazars interact with...
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Andrea Chiavassa (Università degli Studi & INFN Torino)15/07/2025, 14:35
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) will be a next generation ground array experiment probing the Southern sky in search of gamma-ray sources from the Galactic plane. The experiment will be located in the Atacama Astronomical Park at 4770 m above sea level. The observatory will be a wide field of view and high duty cycle (almost 100%) array measuring the Extensive Air Showers...
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Wei Liu (ihep)15/07/2025, 14:35
The cosmic-ray anisotropy is now used to help unveil nearby cosmic-ray accelerators and their local propagation environment. The LHAASO-WCDA experiment is composed of three water ponds. It covers a total detection area of 87000 m^2, which makes it an ideal detector for measuring the cosmic-ray anisotropy from hundreds of GeV to ∼PeV. In this talk, we present the measurements of the cosmic-ray...
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Gwangho Choi15/07/2025, 14:35
The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM) payload was developed to measure the elemental spectra for a charge range of Z = 1 to 26, with an energy range from ~ 10$^{12}$ eV to ~ 10$^{15}$eV. Launched in August 2017, the ISS-CREAM payload successfully collected data for 539 days until February 2019. The ISS-CREAM instrument consists of several particle...
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Prof. Waraporn Nuntiyakul (Chiang Mai University (TH))15/07/2025, 14:35
A latitude survey using the Changvan neutron monitor, a ship-borne detector, was conducted aboard the South Korean Icebreaker "Araon" in 2023–24, spanning from Antarctic and Arctic regions to study cosmic ray modulation. The monitor features a 3NM64-like configuration with three proportional counters: a leaded BF₃ tube from LND Inc. at one edge, an unleaded BP28 tube in the middle, and a...
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Ténéman Keita (CEA Paris-Saclay)15/07/2025, 15:20
The InterGalactic Magnetic Field (IGMF) is believed to be a remnant of the Big Bang and the origin of cosmological magnetic fields. However, it has yet to be detected. The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) will have the potential to place stricter constraints on the IGMF by analysing data from AGN and GRBs. In this study, we propose to simulate realistic observations in CTAO of GRBs...
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Wei Gao (IHEP,CAS)15/07/2025, 15:20
The evolution of cosmic ray large-scale anisotropy (LSA) with energy is essential for studying the origins of LSA, which are closely related to the origins and propagation of cosmic rays. However, due to both the low flux of cosmic rays and inconsistency among experiments, the observations of LSA above one hundred TeV are subject to large uncertainties. We utilize over three years data from...
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Oleg Samoylov15/07/2025, 15:20
The NOvA experiment, primarily focused on neutrino oscillation studies, also provides a unique platform to search for exotic and non-standard physics phenomena. In this talk, we present the ongoing analyses, outline the current status, highlight the methods and techniques, and discuss the preliminary results. We also highlight the importance of these searches for our scientific knowledge.
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Dr Kazumasa Kawata (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo (Japan))15/07/2025, 15:20
The ALPACA experiment, which consists of the large air shower array (83,000 m^2) and the water-Cherenkov-type muon detector (3,600 m^2), is a new project to observe cosmic rays and gamma rays in the energy range between TeV and PeV in the southern hemisphere. The prototype air shower array, named ALPAQUITA (18,000 m^2), has been fully operated at the Chacaltaya plateau (4,740 m a.s.l.) in...
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Dr Giovanni Pareschi (INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera)15/07/2025, 15:20
The ASTRI Mini–Array is an international project led by INAF to install and operate nine innovative Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) at the Observatorio del Teide site e, resulting from a hosting agreement between INAF and IAC. The facility will operate for at least 8 years. It will deeply observe the Galactic and extra-galactic sky at TeV energies to study compelling open...
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Paolo Brogi (Universita degli studi di Siena (IT))15/07/2025, 15:20
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a space-based calorimetric
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instrument, designed to carry out precise measurements of high energy cosmic rays. Installed on the Japanese Experiment Module – Exposed Facility on the ISS, it is collecting data with excellent performance and no significant interruptions since October 2015. We present the updated results of the direct measurement of... -
David Schmidt15/07/2025, 15:21
With the knowledge and statistical precision derived from two decades of measurement, the Pierre Auger Observatory has significantly deepened our understanding of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays while unearthing an increasingly complex astrophysical landscape and exposing tensions with hadronic interaction models. The field now demands the mass of individual cosmic-ray primaries as an observable...
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Silvia Crestan15/07/2025, 15:35
The ASTRI Project is an international collaborative effort led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) to develop, build, and operate a facility consisting of nine four-meter class Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes dedicated to gamma-ray astronomy in the 1–200 TeV range. The ASTRI Mini-Array is currently being installed in Tenerife at the Observatorio del Teide, and...
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Dr Kunlanan Puprasit (Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand and Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand)15/07/2025, 15:35
The Moon-Aiming Thai-Chinese Hodoscope (MATCH) is designed as a space weather payload for the Chang’E-7 lunar orbiter, aimed at enhancing space weather monitoring in the Earth-Moon region and measuring lunar albedo ions up to approximately 100 MeV/n. Additionally, it will provide continuous measurements of cosmic ray electrons up to around 120 MeV/n, thereby clarifying the contributions from...
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Miller MacDonald (Harvard University)15/07/2025, 15:35
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory recently published evidence for diffuse neutrino emission from the Galactic Plane at $4.5\sigma$ significance. This new source of astrophysical neutrinos provides an exciting laboratory for probing the nature of neutrino masses. In particular, extremely small mass splittings, such as those predicted by quasi-Dirac neutrino mass models, and finite neutrino...
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Paolo Da Vela (INAF OAS Bologna)15/07/2025, 15:35
The origin of magnetic fields on cosmological scales remains one of the longstanding problems in cosmology. Magnetic fields observed in galaxies and clusters are typically explained through the amplification of weak seed fields. However, the nature of these weak seed fields remains largely unknown. Two scenarios are usually considered: the cosmological and the astrophysical scenarios.
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Jose Ocampo Peleteiro (Universita e INFN, Bologna (IT))15/07/2025, 15:35
We report the latest results of primary cosmic ray proton, helium, carbon, oxygen, neon, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, and iron fluxes based on the data collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station during 13.5 years of operation. The unique properties of primary cosmic rays will be discussed.
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Prof. Huihai He (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS)15/07/2025, 15:35
The anisotropy in different mass components of cosmic rays can provide stringent constraints on theoretical models regarding the origin of anisotropy, such as the distribution of sources, the propagation of cosmic rays, and the local magnetic field environment. This is particularly significant in the high-energy range, from hundreds of TeV to PeV, where the anisotropy exhibits considerable...
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Belén Andrada (ITeDA)15/07/2025, 15:36
The Pierre Auger Observatory upgrade, AugerPrime, is a multi-hybrid system designed to improve the sensitivity and precision of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray measurements. It includes scintillator detectors positioned both atop the enhanced Water-Cherenkov detectors and buried nearby for direct muon measurements, along with radio and fluorescence detectors. In this contribution, we present an...
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Dr Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez (University of Wisconsin-Madison)15/07/2025, 15:50
We present preliminary results on an updated full-sky analysis of the cosmic-ray arrival direction distribution with data collected by the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory and IceCube Neutrino Observatory with complementary field of views covering a large fraction of the sky. This study extends the energy range to higher energies. The HAWC Observatory, located at 19°N has...
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Dr Johannes Hulsman (Universite de Geneve (CH))15/07/2025, 15:50
LunPAN (Lunar Particle Analyzer Network) is a three-year mission proposal designed to comprehensively map the particle spectra in the lunar radiation field. It aims to provide precise measurements of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR), Solar Energetic Particles (SEP), and albedo particles, including charged particles, neutrons, and gamma-rays, originating from the Moon's surface. Therefore it will...
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Maria Petropavlova15/07/2025, 15:50
We present new constraints on neutrino secret interactions (νSI) using high-energy and ultra high-energy astrophysical neutrinos as probes of new physics beyond the Standard Model. By studying neutrinos from established sources, such as SN1987A, NGC 1068, TXS 0506+056, PKS 0735+178, and the extreme-energy KM3-230213A event, we explore the potential interactions of Dirac neutrinos with a...
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Suman Dey (II. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg)15/07/2025, 15:50
Intergalactic weak magnetic fields can have non-negligible effects on the electromagnetic cascades induced by blazar gamma-ray emission. Secondary electrons and positrons are produced by primary gamma rays of energies ~TeV and can be magnetically deflected out of the line of sight to the source. However, these leptons can perturb the background intergalactic medium (IGM), resulting in the...
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Dimitrios Kyratzis (Gran Sasso Science Institute (IT))15/07/2025, 15:50
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE), is a space–borne detector designed for precise Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) studies in a wide energy range (up to a few hundreds of TeV), along with detailed measurements of high–energy gamma–rays and indirect searches of Dark Matter (DM). The satellite was successfully launched into a sun–synchronous orbit at 500 km, on December 17th 2015 and has been...
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Valentina La Parola (INAF -IASF Palermo)15/07/2025, 15:50
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an international project to build and operate an array of nine 4-m diameter Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) at the Observatorio del Teide (Tenerife, Spain). The array has been designed to perform deep galactic and extragalactic gamma-ray sky observations in the 1-200 TeV energy range. As of today, the first telescope ASTRI-1 is fully operative, and in...
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Dr Nataliia Borodai (Institute of Nuclear Physics PAS, Krakow, Poland)15/07/2025, 15:51
Identification of primary cosmic rays on an event-by-event basis is a much-desired capability of cosmic-ray observatories. Several cosmic-ray air-shower experiments use so-called photon tags for gamma/hadron primary particle discrimination. These photon tag variables are derived from the total signals measured by an array of detectors and are correlated with the total number of muons in the...
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Prof. Paolo Maestro (Universita degli studi di Siena (IT))15/07/2025, 16:05
We present the measurement of the individual energy spectra for boron, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen cosmic rays based on data collected by the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) during more than 9 years of operation on the International Space Station. These spectra are measured in the energy range from 10 GeV/n to several TeV/n using a fully calorimetric instrument, 1.3 nuclear interaction...
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Martin Pohl15/07/2025, 16:05
Relativistic pair beams created in the intergalactic medium (IGM) by TeV gamma rays from blazars are expected to produce a detectable GeV-scale electromagnetic cascade, but the cascade component is absent in the spectra of many hard-spectrum TeV-emitting blazars. One common explanation is that weak intergalactic magnetic fields deflect the electron-positron pairs away from our line of sight....
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Jiayin He15/07/2025, 16:05
We present a measurement for large-scale anisotropy of pure protons with the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory. We analyze the data collected from the full array of KM2A in three years' operation. We selected the proton data set using a cut on the muonic and electron magnetic components ratio, similar to the gamma/background discrimination technique in KM2A. The purity of the proton...
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Sunruthai Burom (National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand, Chiang Mai, Thailand)15/07/2025, 16:05
TSC-1 is the first Thai scientific research mission on a microsatellite, which has been designed and developed by the Thai Space Consortium. The satellite is planned to operate in Sun-synchronous Earth orbit at 500 - 600 km altitude and should be launch ready at the end of 2026. All design, construction, system integration, and testing are to be carried out in Thailand. The payloads include...
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Dr Jiali Liu (The Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.)15/07/2025, 16:05
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) has recently detected over 40 ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma-ray sources. However, many of these sources are extended, and some are located within a small angular region (~1°) that LHAASO cannot resolve clearly. To address these limitations, the Large Array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (LACT) has been proposed and is...
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Katarína Simkova (Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Université Libre de Bruxelles)15/07/2025, 16:06
The interaction of cosmic rays with celestial bodies such as the Moon or the Sun produces a shadow in the arrival direction distribution of the cosmic rays reaching the Earth. Such deficits from an isotropic flux have been observed by astroparticle observatories below energies of $10^{15}\,$eV. Above this energy, measurements were limited due to the low number of events as a result of the...
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Roberto Iuppa (Universita degli Studi di Trento and INFN (IT))15/07/2025, 16:20
The China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) program, a collaboration between the China National Space Administration (CNSA) and the Italian Space Agency (ASI), offers a new window into solar-terrestrial interactions through continuous monitoring of the near-Earth space environment. Since its launch in 2018, CSES-01 has provided valuable data on space weather phenomena, ionospheric...
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Elisabetta Casilli (University of Salento and INFN Lecce)15/07/2025, 16:20
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-based detector optimized for precise Galactic cosmic ray studies up to hundreds of TeV. Since its launch on December 17th, 2015, DAMPE has been continuously collecting data on high-energy cosmic particles with excellent statistics and particle identification capabilities, thanks to a large geometric factor and a very good energy...
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Dr Medha Chakraborty15/07/2025, 16:20
Cosmic ray anisotropy at various scales has been observed over the past decade by multiple experiments in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The GRAPES-3 experiment, located at 11.4 degrees North, is well positioned to study a significant portion of both hemispheres, covering nearly 70 percent of the sky at TeV energies. Observing large-scale anisotropy is particularly challenging...
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zhipeng zhang (University of Science and Technology of Chinaπ)15/07/2025, 16:20
Large Array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (LACT) is an array of 32 Cherenkov telescopes with 6-meter diameter mirrors to be constructed at the LHAASO site, aiming to enhance our understanding of ultra-high energy gamma ray astronomy. This work presents a detailed performance assessment of the LACT array, focusing on the IRFs for both an 8-telescope subarray configuration optimized...
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Marta Bianciotto (INFN Torino)15/07/2025, 16:21
Unveiling the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays remains one of the main challenges of high-energy astrophysics. Measurements of anisotropies in their arrival directions are key to identifying their sources, yet magnetic deflections obscure direct associations. In this work, we reconstruct the sky regions of origin of the highest-energy cosmic-ray events detected by the Pierre Auger...
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Dr Shiping Zhao (Purple Mountain Observatory)15/07/2025, 16:35
The intensity of Galactic cosmic rays in the arrival directions is highly isotropic, however, many cosmic ray experiments have observed weak anisotropies of various angular sizes. In this work, we report the observation of the medium-scale structures with the square kilometer array of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO-KM2A). We have found that the positions of the excess...
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Yao Chen (Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (CN))15/07/2025, 16:35
We report the latest results on the properties of Cl and K cosmic rays fluxes in the rigidity range 2.5 GV to 1.3 TV based on 0.14 million Cl and 0.17 million K nuclei collected by the AMS. We observe that fluxes are well described by the sums of a primary cosmic ray component and a secondary cosmic ray component. With our measurements, the abundance ratios at the source Cl/Si and K/Si are...
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Cyril Alispach15/07/2025, 16:35
The Single-Mirror Small-Size Telescope (SST-1M) is an Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope designed for detecting very high-energy gamma rays. With a compact design achieved through the adoption of silicon-photomultiplier pixels and a lightweight structure, SST-1M offers a large field of view of about 9° and features a mirror system of 4 m diameter with a PSF (at 80% of photon inclusion) of...
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Jaroslaw Stasielak (Institute of Nuclear Physics PAS, Krakow, Poland)15/07/2025, 16:36
Astrophysical flares are one of the possible prominent source classes of ultra-high-energy (UHE, E > 10^17 eV) cosmic rays, which can be detected by recording clusters of extensive air showers in arrays of detectors. The search for sources of neutral particles offers distinct advantages over searching for sources of charged particles, as the former traverse cosmic distances undeflected by...
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Marianne LEMOINE16/07/2025, 09:00
Gamma-ray observations over the past decade—from space-based instruments like Fermi-LAT to ground-based arrays such as H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS—have provided an increasingly detailed view of supernova remnants (SNRs). Several dozens of SNRs have been detected in the GeV–TeV energy range, revealing a diverse population shaped by their environments and evolutionary stages, and new detections...
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Dmitri SEMIKOZ16/07/2025, 09:45
In this talk, I will review recent measurements of the local Galactic cosmic ray flux up to the knee region, as well as the emission from the Milky Way galaxy in gamma-rays and neutrinos within the same energy range. I will discuss the major classes of Galactic sources of high-energy cosmic rays, their multi-messenger signatures, and present an overview of both observational data and...
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Sarah Recchia (INAF)16/07/2025, 11:00
The escape of particles from their accelerators is a major open problem in cosmic-ray physics. It is intrinsically connected to the ability of sources to accelerate particles up to very high energies, and influences deeply the spectrum released in the interstellar medium, the propagation in the source region, and all direct and indirect observables of the phenomenon. The study of these...
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Pier Simone Marrocchesi (Universita degli studi di Siena (IT))16/07/2025, 11:30
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a high-energy astroparticle physics experiment in operation on the International Space Station (ISS) since 2015 with excellent and continuous performance. Designed to measure the spectra of electrons+positrons up to 20 TeV (and gamma rays up to 10 TeV), CALET is searching for possible nearby sources of high-energy electrons and dark matter...
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Pazit Rabinowitz16/07/2025, 13:20
More than 50 high-frequency-peaked BL Lac objects (HBLs) have been detected by ground-based TeV gamma-ray observatories, making them the dominant population of extragalactic sources observed at energies above 0.1 TeV. The fluxes of HBLs are often reported only during high-flux states, biasing our understanding of the properties and duty cycle of these sources towards flares. In recent years,...
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Shoko Miyake (National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Gifu College)16/07/2025, 13:20
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) installed on the International Space Station (ISS) has been measuring high-energy cosmic rays (CRs) and gamma rays to understand the cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation. The CALET adopts a low-energy electron (LEE) trigger working at high geomagnetic latitudes that can measure the low-energy CR electrons in the energy region from 1 GeV to 10 GeV,...
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Rasha Abbasi (Loyola University Chicago)16/07/2025, 13:20
Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) are intense bursts of gamma rays originating in Earth's atmosphere, often associated with lightning activity during thunderstorms. These flashes are believed to result from relativistic runaway electron avalanches triggered by strong electric fields. In this study, we analyze multiple TGFs observed at the Telescope Array Surface Detectors site using a suite...
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Laksha Pradip Das16/07/2025, 13:20
The all-sky very-high energy ($10^4-10^6$ GeV) atmospheric muon flux is most recently measured by IceCube, where in the higher energy range, the spectrum hardens indicating a prompt component. IceCube also measures the atmospheric muon neutrino flux at high energy. Since this is dominated by the astrophysical flux, they are only able to set an upper bound on the prompt atmospheric muon...
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Dr Erwan Robyn (Universita e INFN, Bologna (IT))16/07/2025, 13:20
We present high statistics measurements of the secondary cosmic rays Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, and Fluorine. The properties of the secondary cosmic ray fluxes and their ratios to the primary cosmic rays Li/C, Be/C, B/C, Li/O, Be/O, B/O, and F/Si , are presented. The comparison with the latest theoretical models is also presented.
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Cunfeng Feng (Shandong University (CN))16/07/2025, 13:20
The large high altitude air shower observatory has comprehensively measured the information of the air showers of very high energy cosmic rays. Several important results regarding the air shower already have been published. A cosmic ray mass independent energy reconstruction method has been proposed by combining the muon content and the electromagnetic particles (or Cherenkov light) of the air...
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Davide Serini (Universita e INFN, Bari (IT))16/07/2025, 13:20
The Antarctic Demonstrator for the Advanced Particle-astrophysics Telescope (ADAPT) is a NASA suborbital mission scheduled for a high-altitude balloon flight over Antarctica during the 2025-2026 season. ADAPT aims at validating key detector technologies for the forthcoming space-based Advanced Particle-astrophysics Telescope (APT) mission, an MeV-TeV gamma-ray telescope designed to provide an...
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Roberta Colalillo16/07/2025, 13:35
Downward TGFs are sub-millisecond bursts of MeV gamma rays produced in thunderclouds. According to the Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanche model, gamma rays are produced, via bremsstrahlung, from electron cascades activated by a relativistic “seed” electron. It is not clear what mechanism is responsible for the acceleration of electrons to relativistic energies in electric discharges. To...
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Leonardo Di Venere (INFN - National Institute for Nuclear Physics)16/07/2025, 13:35
The astrophysical community is currently focusing on the development of next-generation gamma-ray telescopes designed to detect low-energy photons in the MeV-GeV range, operating in both the Compton and pair conversion regimes. The proposed Advanced Particle-astrophysics Telescope (APT) is a planned space-based, MeV-TeV gamma-ray mission aimed at providing an order of magnitude improvement in...
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Luca Foffano (INAF Rome (IAPS))16/07/2025, 13:35
Extremely high-peaked BL Lac objects (or extreme blazars) are unique extragalactic laboratories where particle acceleration processes are pushed at their physical limits. In these blazars, synchrotron emission peaking above keV energies is reprocessed to very-high-energy (VHE, energies > 100 GeV) gamma rays, often resulting in very hard TeV spectra. Over the past two decades, they have...
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Ken Ohashi (Universitaet Bern (CH))16/07/2025, 13:35
The muon puzzle, the excess of the number of muons with respect to simulations in ultra-high energy cosmic rays, was initially reported by the Pierre Auger Observatory in 2015 and confirmed by more recent analyses. This suggests that forward meson production in hadronic interactions is not fully understood. Most scenarios to solve this issue predict less production of forward neutral pions and...
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Andrea Serpolla (Universite de Geneve (CH))16/07/2025, 13:35
The precise measurement of secondary cosmic ray (CR) fluxes provides crucial insights into the propagation and interaction of high-energy particles in the Galaxy. Primary CRs—such as carbon and oxygen nuclei—are believed to interact with the interstellar medium (ISM) and fragment into lighter secondary CRs. Boron is one of the most abundant elements among secondary CRs and its spectrum serves...
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Francesco Faldi (Universita e INFN, Perugia (IT))16/07/2025, 13:35
The precision measurement of the daily proton and helium fluxes with AMS during 13.5 years of operation will be presented. The period of observation covers solar cycle 24 from the ascending phase through its maximum going toward its minimum and solar cycle 25 through solar maximum. Detailed time variations of fluxes and ratio, including periodicities, will be presented. Remarkably, a...
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Dr Brían Ó Fearraigh (INFN University of Genoa)16/07/2025, 13:35
The network of two next-generation underwater Cherenkov neutrino telescopes: ARCA and ORCA is being successively deployed in the Mediterranean Sea by the KM3NeT Collaboration. The focus of ARCA is neutrino astronomy, while ORCA is mainly dedicated to neutrino oscillation studies. Both detectors are already operational in their intermediate states and collect valuable results. This work...
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En-heng Xu (University of Science and Technology of China)16/07/2025, 13:50
DAMPE (DArk Matter Particle Explorer) is a space-based particle detector launched in December 2015 to observe high-energy electrons, gamma rays, and cosmic rays. Secondary cosmic ray fluxes serve as key probes of the propagation and interaction of high-energy particles in the Galaxy. Spectral measurements of secondary nuclei, such as lithium, beryllium, as well as their ratios to primary...
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Philipp Azzarello (Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire (DPNC), Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland)16/07/2025, 13:50
Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are among the most energetic events in the Universe. Despite over 50 years of research and measurements their prompt emission remains poorly understood, with key questions surrounding the structure of relativistic jets, magnetic field configurations, and dominant radiation mechanisms. Polarization measurements are critical in resolving these uncertainties. The POLAR...
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Dr Roberto Mussa (INFN Torino)16/07/2025, 13:50
Since 2014, the Pierre Auger Observatory has exploited a dedicated trigger, and its very high time resolution to do studies on ELVES and harvest record samples of multiple ELVES using the Fluorescence Detector (FD). In 2017, after extending the readout of trace lengths to 0.9 ms, we started observing other types of light transients from the base of the ionosphere, such as HALOS, which...
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Hiroaki Menjo (Nagoya University (JP))16/07/2025, 13:50
Precise knowledge of high energy hadronic interaction is an important key to understand air shower development. The LHCf experiment measures neutral particles such as photons, neutral pions, and neutrons, produced in the very forward region of LHC collisions, which contribute to the air shower development. Since the LHC start, LHCf performed many operations with pp collisions at several...
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Matteo Martucci16/07/2025, 13:50
Galactic cosmic rays, as well as particles, accelerated to high energies either at the solar surface, corona, or in the interplanetary medium, are subject to various phenomena that can modify their energy distribution, intensity, and composition over different time scales. These effects are greater in the low-energy portion of the spectrum, and it is crucial to have instruments that can...
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109. Validation of Atmospheric Neutrino Flux via Cosmic Ray Muon Spin Polarization Detector (CRmuSR)Mingchen Sun (Sun Yat-Sen University)16/07/2025, 13:50
Atmospheric neutrinos (ATNs) are widely studied in the context of neutrino oscillation parameter measurements due to a wide range of propagation baselines and neutrino energies. Determining parameters such as $\theta_{23}$ and $\Delta m_{32}^2$ relies on precise experimental measurements of the atmospheric neutrino flux. The theoretical prediction of ATN flux significantly influences the...
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Ashwani Pandey (University of Utah)16/07/2025, 13:50
Changing-look (transitional) blazars shift between subclasses at different flux states. It is, therefore, crucial to study them to comprehend the fundamental physics governing blazars and the relationships between their different subclasses. VERITAS has detected very-high-energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) emissions from several transitional blazars during flaring states, revealing their capability of...
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Dr Tanguy Pierog16/07/2025, 14:05
The hadron production in the simulation of extensive air showers is a long standing problem and the origin of large uncertainties in the reconstruction of the mass of the high energy primary cosmic rays. Hadronic interaction models re-tuned after early LHC data give more consistent results among each other compared to the first generation of models, but still can't reproduce extended air...
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Lorenzo Bonechi (Universita e INFN, Firenze (IT))16/07/2025, 14:05
The atmospheric muon flux has been measured by several experiments mainly between the 60s and 80s of the last century. Nonetheless the study of these particles is still of interest at least in two different fields of physics research. The first one is related to neutrino physics. A precise measurement of the parameters that characterize the phenomenon of oscillation between the three...
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Miwa Tsurumi (Kyoto University)16/07/2025, 14:05
The connection between cosmic ray air showers and thunderclouds has become a major research topic in recent years in high-energy atmospheric physics.
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One of the open questions is whether cosmic rays are involved in triggering a “gamma-ray glow”. A “gamma-ray glow” is a phenomenon in which gamma-ray increases for tens of seconds to several minutes during the passage of thunderclouds. A strong... -
Francesco Stolzi16/07/2025, 14:05
The analysis of cosmic ray nuclei provides critical insights for a theoretical
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understanding of the acceleration and propagation mechanisms of charged particles in
our Galaxy. A unique source of information on the average path length that cosmic
rays travel before reaching Earth can be provided by the elements lying just below iron
in the periodic table (sub-iron). These elements are... -
Min Zha16/07/2025, 14:05
Key sources of VHE gamma rays include extra-galactic objects such as blazars, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and other interesting transients phenomena. The studies on these targets provides critical insights into astrophysical phenomena, including black hole accretion, particle acceleration, and explosion dynamics. The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), located in China, is a...
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Silvia RAINO' (Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Bari & INFN - Bari)16/07/2025, 14:05
The steady-state gamma-ray emission from the Sun arises from interactions with Galactic cosmic rays and consists of two components: (1) a hadronic disk component and (2) a leptonic component peaking at the solar edge and extending into the heliosphere. Their flux is expected to vary with the 11-year solar cycle, peaking at solar minimum due to the higher cosmic-ray flux. However, no previous...
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Matteo Tambone (Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, INFN Sezione di Napoli)16/07/2025, 14:05
WINK is a proof of concept prototype designed to test, enhance and approve the base technology of Crystal Eye. While Crystal Eye is intended for all-sky monitoring of X and gamma rays in the 0.1–30 MeV range, whose primary objectives include investigating the prompt emissions of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) - and acting as pointing system for other detectors in order to study the associated...
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Sergey Ostapchenko (Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS))16/07/2025, 14:20
We present a new approach to modeling cosmic ray (CR) interactions, which relies on a very basic interaction picture, while using a reasonable and transparent formalism, in the framework of the Reggeon Field Theory. Our main motivation is to provide a new CR interaction model characterized by relatively transparent physics, sufficient parameter flexibility, and high computational efficiency,...
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Cheng LIU16/07/2025, 14:20
Thunderstorms are intense localized convective weather phenomena, typically accompanied by strong lightning, high-energy electromagnetic radiation, and dramatic variations in atmospheric electric fields. Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) and Thunderstorm Ground Enhancements (TGE) represent high-energy radiation phenomena generated during thunderstorms. The extreme electric field...
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Prof. Fiorenza Donato (Torino University & INFN, & CERN)16/07/2025, 14:20
The last generation of Galactic cosmic-ray experiments is providing a wealth of high-precision new data. The interpretation of these data is stimulating a very rich and active debate in the community, with strong discovery and constraining potentials on many topics (dark matter, acceleration and transport of cosmic rays, Galactic sources etc.). However, the consensus in the community is that...
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Dr Chiara Perrina (EPFL - Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (CH))16/07/2025, 14:20
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a spaceborne high-energy particle detector launched on December 17, 2015, as part of an international collaboration led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. DAMPE is designed to investigate cosmic-ray electrons and γ-rays with unprecedented energy resolution and sensitivity. By operating in low Earth orbit at an altitude of approximately 500 km,...
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François Brun (IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France)16/07/2025, 14:20
During its first phase, from 2004 up to the end of 2012, the H.E.S.S. (High Energy Stereoscopic System) experiment observed the extragalactic skies for more than 2700 hours. These data have been re-analysed in a single consistent framework, leading to the derivation of a catalog of 23 sources. In total, about 6.5% of the sky was observed, allowing for several additional studies to be...
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Arsenii Gavrikov16/07/2025, 14:20
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) [1] is a next-generation neutrino experiment located in China. Although the main goals of JUNO are to determine the neutrino mass ordering (NMO) and to perform sub-percent precision measurements of oscillation parameters with reactor antineutrinos, its physics program is broader and also includes studies on solar neutrinos [2, 3].
The...
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Xi Luo (Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology)16/07/2025, 14:20
The development of advanced space-based cosmic ray observation experiments (such as AMS, PAMELA, and DAMPE) have provided precise data, offering new opportunities for the study of cosmic ray solar modulation. During 2007-2008, as the period of longest-live coronal holes and corresponding variation in all heliospheric characteristics, the pronounced 27-day wave in the GCR intensity had been...
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Sohee Chun (Washington University in St. Louis)16/07/2025, 14:35
DR-TES (Dilution Refrigerator - Transition Edge Sensors) is a balloon-borne experiment aimed at demonstrating advanced cryogenic and detector technologies for X-ray and gamma-ray spectroscopy in a near-space environment. The mission utilizes a low-temperature TES detector array, cooled to ~75 mK by a miniature dilution refrigerator (mini-DR), which itself is pre-cooled by a liquid helium...
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Miguel Martins16/07/2025, 14:35
We introduce a set of new multiparticle production variables derived from the energy spectrum of secondary hadrons in ultra-high-energy proton-air interactions. The distributions of these variables can be measured within the phase space accessible to particle detectors in accelerator experiments and are highly dependent on the hadronic interaction model. Furthermore, we demonstrate a precise,...
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Michael Unger (Karlsruhe Institute for Technology)16/07/2025, 14:35
Accurate measurements of cosmic-ray fragmentation cross sections are essential for maximizing the physics potential of precise measurements of secondary and primary cosmic-ray fluxes from current balloon and spaceborne experiments. NA61/SHINE, operating at the CERN SPS H2 beamline, is uniquely suited for studying these interactions at high energies above 10 GeV/nucleon.
In this...
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Wystan Benbow16/07/2025, 14:35
VERITAS is one of the world’s most sensitive very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray observatories. Over 8,600 hours (~50%) of its good-weather observations were targeted on active galactic nuclei (AGN). These observations include an ongoing, comprehensive program to discover new VHE AGN, target-of-opportunity responses to flaring AGN, and both monitoring and deep campaigns on known VHE...
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Alexander Hahn16/07/2025, 15:20
Simultaneously with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) imaging the black-hole shadow of M87 for the first time in 2017, an extensive multi-wavelength (MWL) observational campaign was conducted involving ground and space-based instruments covering fifteen decades of energy ranging from radio to very high-energy gamma rays. During this first campaign, the innermost knot HST-1 and the core of M87...
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Dr Olena Tkachenko (Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences)16/07/2025, 15:20
Measuring proton-proton interaction cross-sections at center-of-mass energies above 40 TeV remains a significant challenge in particle physics. The Pierre Auger Observatory provides a unique opportunity to study the interactions at the highest energies through the distribution of the depth of maximum shower development ($X_\mathrm{max}$) observed by its Fluorescence Detector. In previous...
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Francesco Palma16/07/2025, 15:20
Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensities exhibit recurrent variations caused by their passage through heliospheric structures co-rotating with the Sun, with the ∼27-day periodicity being the most prominent one. To study this periodicity, data collected by the High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) on board the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES-01) in Low-Earth Orbit have been used to...
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Francisco Hernandez Nicolas (CIEMAT - Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tec. (ES))16/07/2025, 15:20
Precision measurements by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station of the deuteron ($D$) flux are presented. The measurements are based on 21 million $D$ nuclei in the rigidity range from 1.9 to 21 GV collected from May 2011 to April 2021. We observe that over the entire rigidity range the $D$ flux exhibits nearly identical time variations with the $p$, $^3$He,...
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Jolan LAVOISIER (CNRS - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris)16/07/2025, 15:20
GRANDProto300 (GP300) is a prototype array of the GRAND experiment, designed to validate the technique of autonomous radio-detection of astroparticles by detecting cosmic rays with energies between $10^{17}$-$10^{18.5}$ eV. This observation will further enable the study of the Galactic-to-extragalactic source transition region. Since November 2024, 46 out of 300 antennas have been operational...
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Masayuki Harada (ICRR, The University of Tokyo)16/07/2025, 15:20
Observation of Diffuse Supernova-Neutrino Background (DSNB) gives us a new insight into star formation history. The SuperKamiokande (SK) experiment aims to make the first discovery of this flux.
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Since 2020, the SK detector has been updated by loading gadolinium (Gd) as a new experimental phase, ‘SK-Gd.’
In the SK-Gd experiment, event selection with delayed coincidence using neutron capture... -
Savitri Gallego16/07/2025, 15:20
The Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) is a NASA Small Explorer class space-based mission scheduled to launch in 2027. COSI will function as a wide field imager, spectrometer, and polarimeter, and it will be sensitive to photons between 0.2 - 5 MeV. The four primary science goals of COSI are 1) uncover the origin of Galactic positrons, 2) reveal Galactic element formation, 3) gain insight...
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Minori Eizuka (RCNS, Tohoku Univ.)16/07/2025, 15:35
Neutrinos emitted from past supernovae are known as Supernova Relic Neutrinos (SRNs). Since the prediction of SRN flux relies on astrophysical inputs such as the supernova rate and cosmic star formation history, the detection of SRNs is expected to provide complementary information to refine these models. KamLAND, a 1-kiloton liquid scintillator, detects electron antineutrinos via inverse beta...
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Tim Huege16/07/2025, 15:35
The accurate determination of the absolute energy scale in cosmic ray
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measurements is both a challenging and fundamentally important task. In this contribution, we present how measurements of radio pulses from extensive air showers with the Auger Engineering Radio Array, combined with per-event simulations of radio emission using the CoREAS extension of CORSIKA, allow us to determine the... -
Takeshi Nakamori16/07/2025, 15:35
MeV gamma-ray astronomy remains relatively underexplored, despite
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extensive worldwide efforts to investigate this crucial energy range.
To address this challenge, we have demonstrated the high-performance
capabilities of an electron-tracking Compton camera (ETCC) during the
Sub-MeV/MeV gamma-ray Imaging Loaded-on-balloon Experiment (SMILE)
missions. The ETCC employs a gaseous... -
Pauli Kalervo Vaisanen (University of Oulu (FI))16/07/2025, 15:35
The flux of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) traversing into and inside the heliosphere are modulated by the magnetic activity of the Sun through the heliospheric magnetic field, as the particles are deflected and slowed down by magnetic discontinuities. This modulation of GCR in the heliosphere can be parametrized by the modulation (potential) parameter ϕ, which is estimated using the force field...
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Cainã de Oliveira (University of São Paulo)16/07/2025, 15:35
As the closest known active galactic nucleus, Centaurus A provides a rich environment for astrophysical exploration, being detected from radio to gamma rays. Recently, very-high-energy gamma rays have been measured by the HESS observatory. The signal is associated with the jet, revealing the presence of relativistic electrons. However, the underlying acceleration mechanism remains uncertain....
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Dr Jakub Vicha (Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences)16/07/2025, 15:35
The combined data of fluorescence and surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory has recently provided the strongest constraints on the validity of predictions from current models of hadronic interactions [Phys. Rev. D 109 (2024) 102001]. The unmodified predictions of these models on the depth of shower maximum (Xmax) and the hadronic part of the ground signal are unable to accurately...
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Igor Moskalenko16/07/2025, 15:35
We present the first measurements of the energy spectra of the isotopes of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with nuclear charge $Z=1-14$ in the very local interstellar medium (VLISM). We also update our previously published energy spectra of GCR elements in the VLISM from $Z=1-28$ (Cummings et al. 2016) for the new longer time period of observations, 1/1/2013 through 12/31/2021. The observations...
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Jiri Blazek (FZU)16/07/2025, 15:50
In the physics of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR), there is a well-established disagreement between the predictions of the last generation of hadronic interaction models and the measurement of the number of muons. Lately, there have also been hints of a disagreement on the scale of shower maxima. The MOdified Characteristics of Hadronic Interactions (MOCHI) is a simulation framework...
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Weiwei Xu (Shandong University (CN))16/07/2025, 15:50
Beryllium nuclei in cosmic rays are expected to be secondaries produced by the fragmentation of primary cosmic rays during their propagation in the Galaxy. Therefore, their fluxes contain essential information on cosmic ray propagation and sources. Secondary-to-primary flux ratios provide measurements of the material traversed by cosmic rays in their journey through the Galaxy. The 10Be/9Be...
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Kathryn Plant (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech)16/07/2025, 15:50
Radio observations of cosmic ray air showers can characterize cosmic ray mass composition, via precise Xmax measurements, at the energies of the likely shift from Galactic to extragalactic sources. Advantages over other methods include lower cost instrumentation and the ability to operate in a range of weather conditions. However, detecting cosmic rays via their radio emission alone amid radio...
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Yukiho Kobayashi (ICEHAP, Chiba University)16/07/2025, 15:50
The recent detection of TeV neutrino sources by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory demonstrates the detector's advanced capabilities in detecting high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. At lower energies, down to the GeV range, a variety of transient phenomena, such as novae, supernovae, and gamma-ray bursts, are expected to emit neutrinos. Observations of these neutrinos can provide unique...
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Dr Yang Liu (Purple Mountain Observatory)16/07/2025, 15:50
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne cosmic particle detector which was launched on Dec. 17th, 2015 into a sun-synchronous orbit with the tilt angle of 97.4 degree. The high energy resolution and large geometric acceptance make the detector suitable for the cosmic ray electron (plus positron) measurement. In this work, the time-dependent electron flux was measured...
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Daniel Omar Avila Rojas (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Astronomía, A. P. 70-264, 04510, CDMX, México)16/07/2025, 15:50
Suggestion: The radio galaxy M87 has been detected at energies above 1 TeV with a significance exceeding 5$\sigma$ using nearly 10 years of data from the HAWC observatory. To gain further insight into the nature of this emission, we model it with different physical scenarios, ranging from a simple Synchrotron Self-Compton leptonic model to hadronic models. We constrain the physical parameter...
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Prof. David Berge (DESY & Humboldt-University Berlin)16/07/2025, 15:50
newASTROGAM is a breakthrough mission concept for the study of the non-thermal Universe from space with gamma rays in the energy range from 100 keV to 3 GeV. It is based on an advanced space-proven detector technology, which will achieve unprecedented sensitivity, angular and energy resolution combined with polarimetric capability. Since the MeV gamma-ray energy range is the most...
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Stefano Della Torre (Universita & INFN, Milano-Bicocca (IT))16/07/2025, 16:05
We present COSMICA, an opensource high-performance GPU-accelerated numerical code for modeling cosmic ray solar modulation, and its application to study CR diffusion parameters. Developed within the framework of the ICSC-Italian Research Center on High-Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (Spoke-3), COSMICA is undergoing continuous software optimization to maximize efficiency...
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Xinshun Zhang (Tsinghua University)16/07/2025, 16:05
Over the past decade, ground-based array experiments have observed a notable muon deficit when simulating extensive air showers (EAS) induced by high-energy cosmic rays, compared to experimental measurements. This discrepancy is referred to as the muon puzzle. In this report, we present the first investigation on this topic at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL), which, with its...
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Dr Keith McBride (University of Chicago)16/07/2025, 16:05
Clock isotopes such as beryllium-10 provide a unique Galactic cosmic ray lifetime measurement related to the size of the propagation halo in the Milky Way. There have yet to be high-precision measurements of beryllium-10 above 2 GeV/n. The High Energy Light Isotope eXperiment (HELIX), a balloon-borne magnet spectrometer, directly measures a cosmic ray’s charge, magnetic rigidity, and velocity...
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Jaime Alvarez-Muniz (Universidad de Santiago de Compostela)16/07/2025, 16:05
Radio detection of extensive air showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays has significantly advanced in recent decades. Observables such as shower energy and depth of maximum development are largely derived by comparing experimental data with Monte Carlo simulations, making it essential to assess the systematic uncertainties associated with the simulation models. In this work, we...
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Alexander Moiseev16/07/2025, 16:05
The Galactic Annihilation Line Explorer (GALE) mission will address a long-outstanding question in our understanding of the sources of Galactic positrons: whether they are produced by unresolved astrophysical sources or created via diffuse processes, possibly due to dark matter decay and/or annihilation. The problem of Galactic positrons that produce 511-keV gamma-ray emission from the...
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Olivier MARTINEAU16/07/2025, 16:05
GRAND (the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection) is a proposed next-generation observatory targeting primarily the detection of ultra-high-energy(UHE) neutrinos, with energies exceeding 100 PeV. GRAND is envisioned as a collection of large-scale ground arrays of self-triggered radio antennas that target the radio emission from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles. Three...
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Dr Jodi Christiansen (California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo)16/07/2025, 16:05
Very high energy (>200 GeV) gamma-ray emission was discovered from the blazar 1ES 1028+511 located at redshift z= 0.361 as part of the VERITAS AGN Discovery Program. It is classified as an extreme high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object (EHBL) and is potentially an interesting object for multi-messenger studies. This EHBL was selected for observation because of its bright X-ray emission and its...
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Dzivhuluwani Ndiitwani (1.Center for Space Research, North West University, South Africa. 2. School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North West University, South Africa)16/07/2025, 16:20
The interest in the study of the global features of the modulation of galactic cosmic rays has been increasing since the 23rd solar minimum. This is supported by various detectors such as PAMELA, AMS-02 and HEPD01, providing cosmic ray particles measurements at Earth over two complete solar cycles i.e., the 23rd and 24th. These exceptional observations provide an opportunity for enhanced...
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Tobias Schulz16/07/2025, 16:20
Neutrons are the only neutral hadrons that remain stable over the timescale of an air-shower development.
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Their energy is lost only through hadronic interactions and quasi-elastic scattering, which results in their high abundance at the ground.
The signals from the electromagnetic and muonic components in scintillation detectors typically span only a few microseconds.
In contrast, the... -
Troy Porter16/07/2025, 16:20
We use the GALPROP cosmic ray (CR) propagation and associated diffuse emissions framework to investigate the CR-induced ionisation rate and distribution of radioactive CR species in the presence of an inhomogeneous interstellar gas distribution and stochastic, finite lifetime CR sources. The interstellar gas model is based on recent reconstructions of the gas survey line intensity data and...
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Sergio Cabana-Freire (IGFAE - Universidade de Santiago de Compostela)16/07/2025, 16:20
Cosmic rays can induce extensive air showers whose development takes place entirely inside the atmosphere, without reaching the ground. These atmosphere-skimming events have been detected with balloon-borne experiments such as ANITA and EUSO-SPB2. In this work, we evaluate the possibility of estimating the energy of an atmosphere-skimming cosmic ray shower through measurements of radio pulses....
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Ran Wang (Shandong University, China)16/07/2025, 16:20
The well-known blazars, Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) has been detected with high significance by LHAASO. Since the observation of gamma radiation from blazars provides insights into the physical processes occurring in their relativistic jets making it crucial to study their broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED). For this purpose, contemporaneous data in the gamma-ray band along with X-ray...
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Yusuke Suda (Hiroshima University)16/07/2025, 16:20
MeV gamma-ray observations are important to deepen our understanding of the physics of high energy phenomena such as active galactic nuclei and gamma-ray bursts. Particularly an all-sky MeV gamma-ray facility with a good localization accuracy of about 1 degree can significantly increase the number of follow-up observations of transient events, increasing opportunities for multi-messenger...
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Anna Nelles (DESY Zeuthen)16/07/2025, 16:20
The Radio Neutrino Observatory Greenland (RNO-G) is being constructed at Summit Station in Greenland. It seeks to detect the radio emission of neutrinos interacting in the 3~km thick ice. Radio detection of neutrinos is sensitive to neutrinos above 10 PeV and therefore complements existing optical detectors. RNO-G currently consists of 8 out of planned 35 stations, each combining the signals...
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Dr Arthur Corstanje (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)16/07/2025, 16:35
The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is a radio telescope currently under construction in South Africa and Australia.
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Its low-frequency part (50-350 MHz), located in Australia, features nearly 60,000 antennas in a core region of about 1 km diameter.
With such an extreme antenna density, surpassing e.g. LOFAR by two orders of magnitude, this observatory is well equipped to make the most precise... -
Will Thompson (Harvard University)16/07/2025, 16:35
The detection of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by IceCube has opened a new window on our Universe. While IceCube has measured the flux of these neutrinos at energies up to several PeV, much remains to be discovered regarding their origin and nature. Currently, the discovery of point sources of neutrinos is hindered by atmospheric neutrino backgrounds; likewise, astrophysical neutrino...
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Dr Hiroki Yoneda16/07/2025, 16:35
The Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI), scheduled for launch in 2027, will improve sensitivity for MeV gamma-ray line observations by an order of magnitude, opening new windows to study cosmic nucleosynthesis. Primary targets include the 511 keV emission from positron annihilation, $^{26}$Al from stellar nucleosynthesis, and $^{44}$Ti from supernova remnants. With its wide field of view,...
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Bruno Alessandro (Universita e INFN Torino (IT))16/07/2025, 16:35
ALICE experiment at CERN Large Hadron Collider, located 52 meters underground, carried out a cosmic data-taking campaign in the period 2015-2018 corresponding to 62.5 days of live time. In this work the analysis of these data is limited to multimuon events defined as events with more than four detected muons. In particular the muon multiplicity distribution (MMD) is studied in the...
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Jayant Abhir (ETH Zurich)16/07/2025, 16:35
Blazars are highly variable sources and show variability down to minute time scales. The current generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes like MAGIC are able to probe the spectra of the brightest blazars at short time scales, especially in their flaring states. In this work, we characterize the variability and daily Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) evolution of the archetypal...
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Kenichi Sakai16/07/2025, 16:35
To observe cosmic-origin antiparticles, it is crucial to mitigate the astrophysical background. One approach involved searching for background-free antideuterons/antihelium; however, no viable candidates were identified. Consequently, we extended our antiproton observations to the lower-energy region below 0.2 GeV, where the contribution from secondary particles is minimized, and explored the...
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Ilya Usoskin (University of Oulu (FI))16/07/2025, 17:05
A new full model of the atmospheric transport of cosmogenic 10Be is presented which allows linking its production by cosmic rays with the measured concentrations in ice cores. The model is based on the focused SOCOL‐AERv2‐BE chemistry‐climate model coupled with the CRAC:10Be isotope production model. It includes all the relevant atmospheric processes and allows computing the isotope...
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Nikolas Korzoun (University of Delaware)16/07/2025, 17:05
Ultra-High-Energy (UHE, E >100 TeV) gamma rays are one of the few channels to search for and study galactic PeVatrons. Among the most promising PeVatron candidates are the many UHE gamma-ray sources that have recently been identified on the Galactic Plane. Ground-based particle detectors see these sources as extended rather than point-like, and current generation Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov...
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Qi Yan (Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN))16/07/2025, 17:05
We report the latest results on the properties of Ar and Ca cosmic rays nuclei fluxes in the rigidity range 2.5 GV to 3 TV based on 0.2 million Ar and 0.3 million Ca nuclei collected by the AMS. We observe that Ar and Ca fluxes are well described by the sums of a primary cosmic ray component (Si flux) and a secondary cosmic ray component (F flux). With our measurements, the abundance ratios at...
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SUBHADIP SAHA (IIT KANPUR)16/07/2025, 17:05
The GRAPES-3 (Gamma Ray Astronomy at PeV EnergieS phase-3) is a globally recognized experiment that detects cosmic rays with energies in the range from 10$^{13}$ eV to 10$^{16}$ eV. It has an excellent core-reconstruction resolution, approximately 0.5 meters at 1 PeV. We are designing a radio antenna array with 60-70 antennas, envisaged to function along with the array of scintillator...
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Erick Rangel Anita (Instituto de Astronomía, UNAM)16/07/2025, 17:05
The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, located in Volcán Sierra Negra, México, is designed to detect very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays and has provided continuous sky observations in the range of hundreds of GeV to hundreds of TeV since it began operations in 2015. Over nine years (2015–2024), HAWC has revealed the evolution of the light curve of the blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk...
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Ana Laura Colmenero César16/07/2025, 17:05
The study of the muon content in extensive air showers (EAS) is relevant for understanding the origin and nature of cosmic rays. Moreover, muons serve as a sensitive observable to hadronic interactions in air showers, offering insight into high-energy physics processes. However, discrepancies between measured and predicted shower muon content have been reported by some EAS observatories at...
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Kumiko KOTERA16/07/2025, 17:05
Measuring ultra-high energy neutrinos, with energies above 10^16 eV, is the next frontier of the emerging multi-messenger era. Their detection requires building a large-scale detector with 10 times the instantaneous sensitivity of current instruments, sub-degree angular resolution, and wide daily field of view. The Hybrid Elevated Radio Observatory for Neutrinos (HERON) is designed to be that...
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Mizuno Atsushi (ICRR)16/07/2025, 17:20
The ALPACA experiment is a new project in Bolivia designed to observe cosmic rays and gamma rays in the TeV–PeV energy range. It consists of a large air-shower array (83,000 m²) and a water-Cherenkov-type muon detector (3,600 m²) and aims to survey PeVatron candidates in the southern sky, including the Galactic Center. The surface detectors of the prototype array, ALPAQUITA, has been fully...
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Dr Pengxiong Ma (Purple mountain observatory, CAS)16/07/2025, 17:20
DAMPE is a space-based particle detector designed to study high-energy cosmic rays, including electrons, gamma rays, and atomic nuclei. Since its launch in December 2015, it has been operating smoothly for over nine years, recording more than 1.6 billion cosmic-ray particles. DAMPE data have already confirmed spectral breaks for light elements as a hardening break at a few hundred GeV/n and...
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Dr Carlo Francesco Vigorito (University & INFN, Torino, Italy)16/07/2025, 17:20
The main aim of the SAMADHA project is to monitor the cosmic ray neutron
spectrum and dose at very high altitudes in the South Atlantic Anomaly
region during the maximum activity of the 25$^{th}$ solar cycle.The experimental setup for this measurement consists of an Extended Bonner
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Sphere System and a commercial Rem counter. A linear energy transfer
spectrometer to measure the... -
Quincy Abarr (University of Delaware)16/07/2025, 17:20
PUEO, the Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations, is a long duration balloon-borne experiment with the primary science goal of detecting the impulsive Askaryan emission from ultrahigh energy (>1 EeV) neutrinos interacting in the ice sheet of Antarctica. The ultrahigh energy neutrino flux is yet to be detected, and so a successful measurement by PUEO will give us information about the where...
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Srija Reddy Muthyala16/07/2025, 17:20
Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) is one of the closest and brightest high-frequency peaked blazars, located at a redshift of z = 0.031. It is a strong source of gamma rays, and its broadband emission has been extensively studied over the years through multi-wavelength observations from various telescopes.
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Mrk 421 has been a target of observational campaigns conducted by the SST-1M telescopes – two... -
Chung-Yun Kuo (Department of Physics, National Taiwan University)16/07/2025, 17:20
The Taiwan Astroparticle Radiowave Observatory for Geosynchrotron Emissions (TAROGE) is an antenna array located atop the high mountains along Taiwan’s eastern coast, oriented toward the ocean. It is designed to detect near-horizon extensive air showers (EAS) induced by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and Earth-skimming ultra-high-energy tau neutrinos. The TAROGE array offers several...
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Dr Quan-Bu Gou (Tianfu Cosmic Ray Research Center & Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)16/07/2025, 17:20
At large zenith angles, the electromagnetic component of ordinary air showers is significantly attenuated by the atmosphere long before reaching ground level. The observation of Horizontal Air Showers (HAS) provides a "well-shielded laboratory" for detecting penetrating particles, such as high-energy muons and cosmic neutrinos, which leave a distinctive signature in this environment.
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In this... -
Keito Watanabe (Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)16/07/2025, 17:35
Reconstructing the longitudinal profile of extensive air showers, generated from the interaction of cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere, is crucial to understand their mass composition, which in turn provides valuable insight on their possible source of origin. Furthermore, the substructures within the profile allow us to probe the intricate particle interactions that occur within these air...
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Guillaume GROLLERON16/07/2025, 17:35
The upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) represents the next generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), offering a significantly enhanced sensitivity, up to five to ten times greater than existing instruments. Its first prototype, the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1), is currently operational at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory in La Palma, Spain. Deep...
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Cristina Lagunas Gualda16/07/2025, 17:35
The Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment (P-ONE) is a planned water-based Cherenkov neutrino telescope that will be located off the West Coast of Canada. P-ONE will observe high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, aiming to identify the sources where they are produced, and will allow long-term in-situ studies of bioluminescence in the Cascadia Basin. The detector will be composed of instrumented...
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Donna Rodgers-Lee (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies)16/07/2025, 17:35
Exoplanets orbiting red dwarf stars in the habitable zone are easier to detect than those orbiting Sun-like stars. In recent years, there has been increased interest in modelling the Galactic cosmic ray fluxes reaching exoplanets orbiting stars other than the Sun. This is because Galactic cosmic rays can affect exoplanet habitability by for instance, driving the formation of prebiotic...
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Yuhang You (Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN))16/07/2025, 17:35
We present the properties of the flux of primary cosmic Ni nuclei in the rigidity range from 3 GV to 1.3 TV, based on 30,000 nuclei collected by Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer during 13.5 years of operation from May 2011 to November 2024. The rigidity dependence of the Ni/Fe flux ratio will be equally discussed.
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Axel Arbet-Engels (Max Planck Institute for Physics)16/07/2025, 17:35
In this talk, I will present the first study of an outburst from a high synchrotron peaked blazar (HSP) with X-ray polarimetry and very high-energy (VHE; E >0.1 TeV) gamma ray measurements. While the mechanisms driving flares in blazar jets remain poorly understood, the associated spectral variations imply that particle (re)acceleration must play a central role. For HSPs, the advent of...
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Dr Darko Veberic (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE))16/07/2025, 17:35
Air-Shower Universality is a framework that describes the regularity in the longitudinal, lateral, and energy distributions of electromagnetic shower particles, motivated by solutions to the cascade equations. We employ a universality-based model of shower development that incorporates hadronic particle components to reconstruct observables from extensive air showers produced by...
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Kevin Almeida Cheminant (NIKHEF / Radboud University)16/07/2025, 17:50
The muon content predicted by hadronic interaction models falls short of describing the data from multiple air shower experiments. This discrepancy, known as the Muon Puzzle, poses significant challenges for mass composition studies and limits our understanding of the origins and acceleration mechanisms of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. The recent releases of the EPOS LHC-R and QGSJET-III...
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Thomas Tavernier16/07/2025, 17:50
SST-1M is a prototype single-mirror Small-Sized Cherenkov Telescope
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designed for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy. With a 4
meter primary mirror and a 5.6 meter focal length, it provides a wide 9-degree field of view, optimized for detecting VHE gamma-rays from 1 TeV
to several hundred TeV. Its focal plane is equipped with DigiCam, a fully
digital trigger and readout camera made... -
Stefano Menchiari (IAA - CSIC)16/07/2025, 17:50
Young massive stellar clusters (YMSCs) have emerged as energetic non-thermal sources, after the recent observation of extended gamma-ray emission by a dozen YMSCs. The large size of their gamma-ray halos, of the order of the excavated bubble from the collective wind, makes the detection of individual YMSCs rather challenging because of the low surface brightness. As a result, the emission from...
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Haoran Sun (University of Science and Technology of China)16/07/2025, 17:50
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a calorimetric, satellite-borne detector that has been operating in orbit for over nine years. One of its key scientific objectives is measuring the flux of cosmic-ray nuclei, crucial for understanding the origins of cosmic rays and their propagation mechanisms.
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Nickel, one of the most stable elements alongside iron, is the most abundant heavy... -
Dr Andrea Tramacere (Université de Genève)16/07/2025, 17:50
I will show that current mm-to-X-ray polarization trends observed during recent IXPE campaigns for high-synchrotron peaked blazars and the ROBOPOL trend for Fermi blazars, which relate the fractional polarization to the peak frequency of the synchrotron emission, can be successfully reproduced by a multi-zone scenario without the need for an energy-stratified scenario. I will also discuss some...
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Simon Chiche (Inter-University Institute For High Energies)16/07/2025, 17:50
To detect ultra-high-energy neutrinos, experiments such as ARA and RNO-G target the radio emission induced by these particles as they cascade in the ice, using deep in-ice antennas at the South Pole or in Greenland. In this context, it is essential to first characterize the in-ice radio signatures from cosmic ray induced particle showers, which constitute a primary background for neutrino...
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Donna Rodgers-Lee (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies)16/07/2025, 17:50
Solar energetic particles (SEPs) and cosmic rays are high energy particles that impact Earth's atmosphere. One key way that these particles interact with the material in the atmosphere is by ionising atoms and molecules, resulting in changes in the atmosphere’s chemistry. They may even have contributed to the formation of prebiotic molecules, the “building blocks” for life, on Earth's surface...
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Kewen Zhang16/07/2025, 18:05
The amplitude, polarization, frequency spectrum, and energy fluence of the electric field at a given measurement position are crucial parameters for extracting primary information from radio signals generated by extensive air showers. Therefore, accurate reconstruction of the electric field from recorded antenna signals is therefore essential for advancing radio detection techniques....
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Pravata Kumar Mohanty (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research)16/07/2025, 18:05
The GRAPES-3 experiment, located in Ooty, India, consists of a densely packed array of 400 plastic scintillator detectors and a large area ($560 m^2$) muon telescope. The muons produced in extensive air showers (EAS) are key observables for analyzing the primary cosmic ray composition. The GRAPES-3 muon telescope (G3MT) measures the muonic component in the EAS by counting the reconstructed...
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Ruiyi Tang (Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)16/07/2025, 18:05
With a large field-of-view and almost full duty cycle, LHAASO-WCDA is appropriate to monitor the VHE emission from extra-galactic transient sources like GRBs and AGNs, or galactic variable sources like binaries, pulsars and nova. However, these sources either suffer from severe EBL absorption at high energies or have an energy spectral cutoff at sub-TeV range, making them faint or even...
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Ali Kheirandish (University of Nevada, Las Vegas)16/07/2025, 18:05
Observation of high-energy neutrinos from the direction of the nearby active galaxy, NGC 1068, was a major step in identifying the origin of high-energy neutrinos. This observation revealed that high-energy neutrinos originated at the heart of active galaxies, which are opaque to very-high-energy gamma-ray emission. This realization is further reinforced by the multimessenger picture for the...
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Nicole Osborn16/07/2025, 18:05
SuperTIGER (Super Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder) is a long-duration balloon-borne instrument designed to directly measure Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR), resolving individual element peaks from $^{10}$Ne to $^{40}$Zr. SuperTIGER had two successful Antarctic flights: one in 2012 for 55 days and one in 2019 for 32 days. We present the current state of the SuperTIGER analyses, overviewing GCR...
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Hermes León Vargas (Instituto de Física, UNAM)16/07/2025, 18:19
The atmosphere provides a large set of experimental conditions on which cosmic-ray induced high-energy hadron interactions can take place. These conditions include: sudden changes in the atmospheric pressure, temperature, and in the local electric and magnetic fields. In this talk we introduce the Piritakua (flash of lightning, in the language of the pre-Columbian Purépecha Empire in Mexico)...
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Wolfgang Zober16/07/2025, 18:20
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), launched to the International Space Station in August 2015 and continuously operating since, measures cosmic-ray (CR) electrons, nuclei, and gamma rays. CALET, with its 30 radiation length deep calorimeter, measures particle energy, allowing for the determination of primary and secondary nuclei spectra and secondary to primary ratios of the more...
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Philipp Mertsch (RWTH Aachen University)17/07/2025, 09:00
Much has been learned about Galactic cosmic rays in the past decade: On the observational side, the spectra of cosmic ray nuclei have been directly measured with high precision, resolving chemical composition up to TV rigidities. At even higher rigidities, direct detection is making contact with indirect observations from air shower arrays. A number of breaks have been found in the nuclear...
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Jennifer West (National Research Council of Canada)17/07/2025, 09:45
The pursuit of understanding the structure and origin of Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields is a central science driver for current and future radio telescope surveys. Magnetic fields are pervasive and thought to be a critical driver in many astrophysical processes across all physical scales from solar flares to exoplanet habitability, stellar evolution, galactic turbulence, cosmic ray...
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Dr johan comparat (Max Planck fuer extra-terrestrische Physik (MPE))17/07/2025, 11:00
In this presentation, I discuss the recent highlights from eROSITA observations.
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In particular, I will discuss the findings about our Milky Way and its bubbles as well as measurements of the circumgalactic medium. -
Prof. Michele Vallisneri (ETH Zurich)17/07/2025, 11:30
In 2023, multiple pulsar-timing-array collaborations reported evidence for a low-frequency background of gravitational waves. The amplitude and spectral shape of the background are consistent with emission from the population of supermassive black-hole binaries at the centers of galaxies, but more exotic sources are not excluded. I will explore the collection and analysis of...
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Philipp Mertsch (RWTH Aachen University)17/07/2025, 13:20
MeV cosmic rays can penetrate dense molecular clouds and oftentimes dominate the ionisation, thus contributing to the physical and chemical dynamics of star forming regions. The effect of cosmic rays can be quantified by their ionisation rate. Interestingly, the ionisation rate predicted from the locally measured cosmic-ray fluxes is one to two orders of magnitude lower than the observed...
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Mitja Desmet17/07/2025, 13:20
In order to interpret the radio data from extensive air showers detectors, we rely on accurate simulations. The state-of-the-art simulation frameworks use Monte-Carlo techniques which pose computational challenges. This is a limiting factor for the next generation of radio arrays, for example the upcoming Square Kilometer Array (SKA), which will have orders of magnitude more antennas than the...
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Hiroki Rokujo (Nagoya University (JP))17/07/2025, 13:20
The Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi-LAT) has surveyed the sub-GeV/GeV gamma-ray sky and achieved high statistics measurements since 2008. However, observation at low galactic latitudes remains difficult owing to the lack of the angular resolution, and new issues following the operation of Fermi-LAT have arisen.
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We devised a precise gamma-ray observation... -
Ruben Conceição (Laboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particle Physics (PT))17/07/2025, 13:20
Accurately measuring the energy of shower particles reaching the ground remains a challenge due to the inherent limitations of typical cosmic ray experiments. In this work, we present two experimental strategies to determine the energy spectra of the electromagnetic and muonic components of extensive air showers, leveraging a single hybrid detector station within a regular cosmic ray array....
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Masayoshi Kozai (PEDSC/ROIS-DS)17/07/2025, 13:20
Anisotropy of galactic cosmic-rays (GCRs) represents their momentum-space distribution in the interplanetary plasma, playing a key role in revealing the solar modulation of GCRs. The Global Muon Detector Network (GMDN; http://hdl.handle.net/10091/0002001448) has been a unique means to observe the anisotropy, thanks to its excellent angular resolution, angular acceptance, and statistics....
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Dr Emanuele Angelino17/07/2025, 13:20
The XENONnT experiment is a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC) designed for the direct detection of dark matter. It has been operating at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (Italy) since 2020, with a total xenon mass of 8.6 tonnes. During the first two science runs, XENONnT collected data with a total exposure of about 3.5 tonne-years. Thanks to its extremely low...
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Mathieu Lamoureux (UCLouvain)17/07/2025, 13:20
Even if in a partial detector configuration, a neutrino event of exceptional energy (about 220 PeV) was detected with the KM3NeT-ARCA detector [Nature 638, 376–382 (2025)]. This ultra-high-energy event lies in an unexplored energy range where neutrinos have been predicted but never observed until now.
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At the time of the detection, on February 13 2023, the ARCA detector consisted in 21... -
Maximilian Meier (ICEHAP, Chiba University)17/07/2025, 13:35
When ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) interact with ambient photon backgrounds, a flux of extremely-high-energy (EHE), so-called cosmogenic, neutrinos is produced.
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The observation of these neutrinos with IceCube can probe the nature of UHECRs. We present a search for EHE neutrinos using 12.6 years of IceCube data. The non-observation of neutrinos with energies $>~10 \, \mathrm{PeV}$... -
Yuya Nakamura17/07/2025, 13:35
The GRAINE project observes cosmic gamma-rays, using a balloon-borne emulsion-film-based telescope in 10MeV-100GeV energy band. The high spatial resolution (<1μm) of the emulsion films makes high angular resolution (5◦ at 100 MeV and 0.8◦ at 1 GeV) and polarization sensitivity for the gamma-ray. One of our target is Galactic center region. A few GeV Gamma-rays are expected to be produced via...
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Krishna Nivedita Gopinath (Radboud University)17/07/2025, 13:35
The Radar Echo Telescope for Cosmic Rays (RET-CR) is a prototype experiment for the future neutrino detector, the Radar Echo Telescope for Neutrinos (RET-N). It is deployed at Summit Station in Greenland, with a full data-taking run conducted in the summer of 2024.
This experiment utilises the radar technique to search for an in-ice secondary cascade produced when the core of a high-energy...
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Ansh Desai (University of Oregon (US))17/07/2025, 13:35
SENSEI (Sub-Electron Noise Skipper Experimental Instrument) is the first experiment to implement silicon skipper CCDs to search for dark matter. Skipper-CCDs can resolve single electrons in each of millions of pixels, which allows for the low energy threshold required to detect sub-GeV dark matter interacting with electrons. SENSEI recently measured the lowest event rates containing one...
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Felix Riehn (Technische Universitaet Dortmund (DE))17/07/2025, 13:35
The simulation of particle cascades is an essential foundation for the analysis chains of many astroparticle physics experiments, irrespective of whether they investigate primarily charged cosmic rays, very high-energy photons or neutrinos, or even dark matter. The most widely used software for simulating such particle showers is CORSIKA, originally developed as COsmic Ray Simulation for...
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Alexei Ivlev17/07/2025, 13:35
During the last decade, Voyager spacecrafts have measured the very local interstellar spectra of cosmic-ray (CR) particles down to energies of about 3 MeV. These measurements represent unique information on unmodulated CR spectra below a few GeV. Otherwise, properties of such low-energy CRs can only be probed indirectly. A universal parameter characterizing their impact on a medium is the...
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Prof. Carla Taricco (Department of Physics - University of Torino (Italy))17/07/2025, 13:35
Solar activity variations strongly impact the modulation of the flux of low-energy Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) reaching the Earth. The secondary particles, which originate from the interaction of GCRs with the atmosphere, can be revealed by an array of ground detectors. We show that the low-threshold rate (scaler) time series recorded over 16 years of operation by the surface detectors of the...
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STEFANO MENCHIARI (IAA-CSIC)17/07/2025, 13:50
Low-energy cosmic rays (LECRs) are a vital ingredient of the interstellar medium (ISM). Unlike ionizing radiation, they can penetrate deeply in dense environments and are considered as the main ionizing agent for the core of molecular clumps, ultimately determining their stability against gravitational collapse. Young massive star clusters are known to shape the surrounding ISM, excavating...
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Chloé Gaudu (Bergische Universität Wuppertal)17/07/2025, 13:50
The simulation of extensive air showers is pivotal for advancing our understanding of high-energy cosmic ray interactions in Earth's atmosphere. The CORSIKA 8 framework is being developed as a modern, flexible, and efficient tool for simulating these interactions with a variety of high-energy hadronic models. We present the ongoing implementation and validation of Pythia 8/Angantyr within...
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Mr Ikuya Usuda (Nagoya University)17/07/2025, 13:50
We are advancing precise observations of cosmic gamma rays in the sub-GeV/GeV energy range using a large-scale nuclear emulsion telescope with high angular resolution (0.1° at 1 GeV), deployed on a balloon. We conducted balloon experiments in 2011, 2015, 2018, and 2023. In 2018, we achieved the first detection of an astronomical gamma-ray source and imaged the Vela pulsar with the worldʼs...
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Nicola Tomassetti (Perugia University & INFN- Perugia)17/07/2025, 13:50
Understanding the heliospheric modulation of galactic cosmic rays is essential for studying the acceleration and propagation processes of these particles, as well as for establishing models of radiation exposure and associated risks in space missions. Here we present our efforts in the development of an effective data-driven model describing the time- and energy-dependent solar modulation...
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Yi Tao (Sun Yat-sen University)17/07/2025, 13:50
The PandaX-4T experiment, a multi-ton scale liquid xenon detector, has achieved leading-edge physical results across multiple research targets with its latest accumulated exposure. Leveraging its unprecedented sensitivity and low background capabilities, PandaX-4T has conducted extensive searches for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) and other exotic DM candidates, setting stringent...
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Dr Washington Carvalho Jr. (Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw)17/07/2025, 13:50
In this work we show that there is a strong dependence of the radio lateral distribution function (LDF) electric field amplitudes at ground level on the position of the shower maximum ($X_{max}$) in the atmosphere, even when accounting for differences in the electromagnetic (EM) energy of the showers. This $X_{max}$ dependence can be explained in terms of two competing effects on the measured...
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Maksim Sorokovikov17/07/2025, 13:50
Baikal-GVD is a cubic-kilometer scale underwater neutrino telescope currently under construction in Lake Baikal. The detector layout is optimized for the measurement of astrophysical neutrinos with energies of ~100 TeV and above. Recently, a similar neutrino telescope, KM3NeT, detected a unique, ultra-high energy neutrino event, KM3-230213A. This case proves the possibility of detecting...
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Roman Nikolaenko (National Nuclear Research University MEPhI)17/07/2025, 14:05
The problem of the excess of muons in extensive air showers (EAS) initiated by very high energy cosmic rays remains an intriguing challenge even for modern upgraded and retuned models of high energy hadron interactions. Collider experiments also demonstrate many indications of some new processes taking place in pp, pA and AA interactions. While some improvements come from the consideration of...
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Dr Jhansi Vuta (Department of Astroparticle Physics, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18200 Prague, Czech Republic.)17/07/2025, 14:05
Precise measurements of the composition of cosmic rays in the energy range of $10^{17}-10^{18}\,$eV could provide crucial insights into the long-standing questions about the origin and acceleration of these particles. Ground-based experiments typically rely on determining the position of the extensive air shower maximum ($X_\rm {max}$) to identify the type of cosmic ray particle. One...
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Sruthiranjani Ravikularaman (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)17/07/2025, 14:05
The Central Molecular Zone (CMZ), located in the centre of the Milky Way, is a roughly cylindrical structure of molecular gas extending up to $\sim 200$ parsecs around the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A$^*$. The average H$_2$ ionisation rate in the CMZ is estimated to be $2 \times 10^{-14} \, \mathrm{s}^{-1}$, which is 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than anywhere else in the Galaxy. Due...
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Jean-Marie Coquillat (Queen's University, Canada)17/07/2025, 14:05
The NEWS-G experiment uses spherical proportional counters (SPC) to probe for low mass dark matter. An SPC is a metallic sphere filled with gas with a high-voltage anode at its centre producing a radial electric field. The interaction between a dark matter particle and a nucleus can cause ionization of the gas, which leads to an electron avalanche near the anode and a detectable signal.
The...
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Sofia Stepanoff (Georgia Institute of Technology)17/07/2025, 14:05
The Trinity Neutrino Observatory aims to detect tau neutrinos in the energy range of 1 PeV to 10 EeV. We are developing the observatory in three stages. The first stage, known as the Trinity Demonstrator, was deployed in Fall 2023. The Demonstrator serves as a pathfinder for the full observatory and will inform the design of the first Trinity Telescope. In this presentation, I will discuss the...
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Hancheng Li17/07/2025, 14:05
The Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) traces the integrated energy released by black hole accretion across cosmic history, primarily from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). The Cosmic X-ray Background Explorer (CXBe) aims to measure the CXB spectrum with unprecedented ~1% accuracy, an order of magnitude improvement over the current ~15-20% uncertainties. This advancement will refine synthesis models...
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Martin Pohl17/07/2025, 14:20
The unstable isotope $^{60}$Fe, with a half-life of 2.6 million years, is produced primarily in supernova explosions. The observed presence of $^{60}$Fe in cosmic rays and its detection in deep-sea crusts and sediments suggest two possible scenarios: either the direct acceleration of $^{60}$Fe from supernova ejecta or its enrichment in the circumstellar material surrounding supernova...
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Dr Alfredo Ferrari (Institute of Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany)17/07/2025, 14:20
Electromagnetic dissociation (EMD) is a well-known process which has been extensively studied with accelerator beams. On the contrary, the influence of EMD on cosmic-ray propagation in the atmosphere and in the Galaxy is still somewhat unclear. For example, the mass composition is one of the most important ingredients to understand the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It can be...
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Karen Terveer17/07/2025, 14:20
The Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) has been measuring cosmic rays for over a decade. Its dense core of antenna fields makes it an ideal tool for studying the radio emission of extensive air showers, sensitive to energies between $10^{16.5}$ eV and $10^{18}$ eV. Each air shower is recorded using a small particle detector array and hundreds of antennas. The current state-of-the-art method for...
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Srijan Sehgal17/07/2025, 14:20
The Pierre Auger Observatory has the capability to identify neutrino-induced extensive air showers above $10^{17}\,$eV by using its large Surface Detector (SD) array. Data from the Observatory have been used to set some of the most stringent upper limits to the neutrino flux in the ultra-high energy (UHE) range. The data have also been used for follow-up detection of transient events in the...
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Dr Nicolas De Angelis (INAF-IAPS)17/07/2025, 14:20
The CUbesat Solar Polarimeter (CUSP) project is a CubeSat mission planned for a launch in low-Eart orbit and aimed to measure the linear polarization of solar flares in the hard X-ray band by means of a Compton scattering polarimeter. CUSP will allow to study the magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration in the flaring magnetic structures of our star. CUSP is a project in the framework...
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Oscar Alejandro Taborda Pulgarin (Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI))17/07/2025, 14:20
DarkSide-20k is a next-generation multi-ton dark matter experiment currently being built at the INFN Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS). Building on the success of the DarkSide-50 detector, which has been in operation since 2015, DarkSide-20k will feature a dual-phase Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with a 20-tonne fiducial mass (50-tonne active), designed to achieve...
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Abhijit Garai (Queen's University)17/07/2025, 14:34
The DEAP-3600 experiment is a direct dark matter detection experiment located 2 km deep underground at SNOLAB, Canada. 3.3 tonnes of liquid argon contained in an acrylic vessel instrumented with 255 PMTs are used for this experiment. It aims to measure nuclear recoil of argon caused by weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), a potential dark matter candidate. Since 2019, DEAP-3600 has...
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Valentin DECOENE (Subatech)17/07/2025, 14:35
Radio emissions from extensive air showers (EAS) provide a valuable tool for detecting ultra-high-energy (UHE) astroparticles. In this context, several radio arrays focus on detecting highly inclined EAS, as this enables the observation of Earth-skimming UHE neutrinos, in addition to cosmic rays and gamma rays.
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The reconstruction of such inclined events relies heavily on a thorough... -
Marco Muzio17/07/2025, 14:35
The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an ultrahigh energy (UHE) neutrino detector at the South Pole, designed to search for radio pulses emitted by neutrino-initiated particle showers in ice. ARA consists of an array of five autonomous stations with 2 km spacing. Each station consists of 16 radio antennas embedded ~200 m deep in the ice that are sensitive to either vertically- or...
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Michael Windau (Technische Universität Dortmund)17/07/2025, 14:35
We present a combined tune of the Pythia 8 event generator using accelerator data and evaluate its impact on air shower observables.
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Reliable simulations with event generators are essential for particle physics analyses, achievable only through advanced tuning to experimental data. Pythia 8 has emerged as a promising high-energy interaction model for cosmic ray air shower simulations,... -
Anton Stall (Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK), RWTH Aachen University)17/07/2025, 14:35
Supernova remnants (SNRs) have long been suspected to be the primary sources of Galactic cosmic rays. Over the past decades, great strides have been made in the modelling of particle acceleration, magnetic field amplification, and escape from SNRs. Yet while many SNRs have been observed in nonthermal emission in radio, X-rays, and gamma rays, there is no evidence for any individual object...
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Shuyang Deng17/07/2025, 15:20
High-energy atmospheric muon neutrinos are detected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory with a high rate of almost a hundred thousand events per year. Being mainly produced in meson decays in cosmic-ray-induced air showers in the upper atmosphere, the flux of these neutrinos is expected to depend on atmospheric conditions and thus features a seasonal variation. The magnitude of this effect can...
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Nicola Mazziotta (Universita e INFN, Bari (IT))17/07/2025, 15:20
The solar steady emission in gamma rays is due to the interactions of Galactic Cosmic Rays with the solar atmosphere and with the low-energy solar photon field via inverse Compton scattering. The emission is sensitive to the magnetic field nearby the Sun and to the cosmic-ray transport in the magnetic field in the inner solar system. Modeling the inverse Compton emission in the presence of a...
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Lars Mohrmann (Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg)17/07/2025, 15:20
Outflows from star-forming regions are thought to have a profound effect on galaxy evolution. The role of cosmic rays in such outflows is however not clear at present. We report on the discovery of a cosmic-ray loaded outflow from the young massive star cluster Westerlund 1, which is known to accelerate cosmic rays to several tens of TeV. The outflow manifests itself as a ~150 pc-diameter GeV...
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Takatomi Yano (ICRR, University of Tokyo)17/07/2025, 15:20
Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) is a multi-purpose next-generation neutrino experiment aiming to start its operation in 2027.
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The Hyper-K water Cherenkov detector consists of a two-layered cylindrical ultra-pure water tank with a height (diameter) of 64 (71) meters. The inner detector will be equipped with twenty thousand twenty-inch photomultipliers and 800 multi-PMT modules. These sensors detect... -
Valentina Scotti17/07/2025, 15:20
The POEMMA-Balloon with Radio (PBR) mission is a NASA super-pressure balloon experiment designed to advance the detection of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, high-altitude horizontal air showers, and astrophysical neutrinos. A key instrument of PBR is the Cherenkov Camera (CC), which utilizes a 2048-pixel SiPM camera to detect the optical Cherenkov emission from cosmic-ray-induced air showers...
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Dr Irene Bolognino (The University of Adelaide)17/07/2025, 15:20
SABRE is an international collaboration that will operate similar particle detectors in the Northern (SABRE North) and Southern Hemispheres (SABRE South). This innovative approach distinguishes possible dark matter signals from seasonal backgrounds, a pioneering strategy only possible with a southern hemisphere experiment. SABRE South is located at the Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory...
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Brian Rauch17/07/2025, 15:20
The Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder for the International Space Station (TIGERISS) is a Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) detector being developed as a NASA Astrophysics Pioneers mission to launch to the ISS in 2027. TIGERISS has been assigned the Starboard Overhead X-Direction (SOX) location on the Columbus External Payload Facility (EPF) of the ISS. It will be the first instrument to measure...
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Nahid Bhuiyan (STFC)17/07/2025, 15:35
We present a measurement of the muon neutrino charged-current (CC) cross section using atmospheric neutrinos observed in Super-Kamiokande (SK). This analysis focuses on upward-going muons produced by muon neutrinos interacting in the rock beneath the detector, providing a clean sample with minimal cosmic muon contamination. The primary energy range extends to 5 TeV, covering a blind spot...
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Priyarshini Ghosh (NASA-Natl. Aeronaut. & Space Admin. (US))17/07/2025, 15:35
Great advances are happening in our understanding of our Galaxy and its physical phenomena, courtesy of missions such as TIGERISS (Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder on the International Space Station), which will be the first single instrument to look at elemental abundances spanning B to Pb. However, the accurate interpretation of these advanced observational data is contingent upon...
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Alexandre INVENTAR (APC Laboratory)17/07/2025, 15:35
Stellar wind termination shocks are considered potential sites for efficient particle acceleration, allowing an explanation for the overabundance of Ne²² observed in cosmic rays (CRs) through Wolf-Rayet stars (WRs) and providing a minor but necessary contribution to the observed flux of Galactic CRs. However, only a few powerful star clusters such as Westerlund 1 and Cygnus OB2 have been...
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Perri Zilberman17/07/2025, 15:35
There is an observed anisotropy in the arrival direction distribution of cosmic rays in the TeV-PeV regime with variations on the scale of one part in a thousand. While the origin of this anisotropy is an open question, a possible factor is cosmic-ray interactions with interstellar and heliospheric magnetic fields. These magnetic fields may change over time - for example, due to changes in...
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Marek Bohdan Walczak (Gran Sasso Science Institute (IT))17/07/2025, 15:35
In this talk I will introduce the DarkSide-20k detector, now under construction in the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) in Italy, the largest underground physics facility in the world devoted to astroparticle physics. The experimet is designed to directly detect dark matter by observing weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) scattering off the nuclei in 20 tonnes of...
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Toshihiro Fujii (Osaka Metropolitan University)17/07/2025, 15:35
The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is one of the most intriguing mysteries in the astroparticle physics and high-energy physics. Since UHECRs with light mass compositions are less deflected by the Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields, their arrival directions are more strongly correlated with their origins. Charged-particle astronomy with UHECRs is hence a potentially...
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Xi Luo (Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology)17/07/2025, 15:35
Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are high-energy charged particles originating from the Milky Way and widely distributed throughout the heliosphere. The space radiation environment induced by GCRs significantly impacts spacecraft operations. Numerical modeling provides a cost-effective approach to simulate space radiation environments, thus serves as a critical tool for predicting and evaluating...
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Cong Guo (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science)17/07/2025, 15:50
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a state-of-the-art neutrino physics experiment located in South China. With 20 ktons of ultra-pure Liquid Scintillator (LS), JUNO aims to achieve groundbreaking measurements, including the determination of Neutrino Mass Ordering (NMO) and the precise measurement of three neutrino oscillation parameters with sub-percent precision. The JUNO...
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Misael Perez Sierra (Laboratorio Internacional de Partículas Elementales, Departamento de Física, DCeI, CL. UGTO)17/07/2025, 15:50
Normally, cosmic ray detectors are based on materials where ions or photons are generated as a result of the passage of radiation through the materials, and ions or photons are collected to detect, study, and measure the incident radiation. To combine in one technique, both the ion and photon collection, we planned, designed, constructed, and used a small cosmic ray detector based on one $10...
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Innocentia Itumeleng Ramokgaba (1. Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. 2. School of Physical & Chemical Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa)17/07/2025, 15:50
The interest in the origin and modulation of cosmic ray deuterons is expected to increase significantly now that observations from AMS-02 and PAMELA detectors have become available. Observations made by AMS-02 reveal the spectral shape and features of galactic deuteron over the rigidity range 1.92 GV – 19.5 GV, whereas that from PAMELA are at a lower rigidity, from 0.75 GV – 2.5 GV. These...
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Shunsuke Sakurai (Osaka Metropolitan University)17/07/2025, 15:50
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are the most energetic particles ever detected. Their production mechanisms remain unknown, but the conditions in which they are generated are likely to be extreme. Cosmic rays that achieve the highest energies are rare, and their flux at Earth is extremely low. As a result, next-generation experiments with large effective areas are required and under...
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Moaaz Elwan17/07/2025, 15:50
The Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (SuperCDMS) experiment at SNOLAB explores dark matter particles in the widely unexplored mass range of 1-10 $GeV/c^2$. The experiment will deploy a total of 24 detectors with silicon and germanium target substrates 2 km deep underground in SNOLAB. The detectors are arranged in four towers, combining the low-threshold sensitivity of high-voltage (HV)...
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Rowan Batzofin (University of Potsdam)17/07/2025, 15:50
Young massive star clusters (YMSCs) can produce gamma rays in the very-high-energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) range and have been proposed as sources that can accelerate cosmic rays up to PeV energies. Observations with current instruments have lead to the detection of only a few YMSCs but future instruments should significantly increase this number. However, the details of the production of the VHE...
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Pascal Gutjahr (TU Dortmund University)17/07/2025, 15:50
Atmospheric muons produced in cosmic-ray air showers are classified as conventional muons from pion and kaon decays and prompt muons from heavy hadron decays. Conventional muons dominate at lower energies, and the prompt component becomes more significant at PeV energies and above. Precisely measuring the atmospheric muon flux from a few GeV to several PeV is valuable for advancing our...
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Allegra Cavicchi (University of Bologna)17/07/2025, 16:05
The study of non-gravitational effects of Dark Matter (DM) is a growing field of research, leading to the development of numerous dedicated experiments. Astrophysical and cosmological observations show that the galactic component of DM is non-relativistic; this results in a rapid loss of sensitivity to sub-GeV DM masses in Direct Detection experiments with nuclear targets sensitive to...
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1289. Negative and positive electric charge flows through the solar system based on the Voyager dataProf. Antonio Codino (University of Perugia and INFN, Italy)17/07/2025, 16:05
Any stars permanently loose small amounts of mass during their lifetimes. This mass is propelled outward at velocities in the range 100 to 3000 km/s at ionization temperatures forming a continuous flow called stellar wind. As cosmic rays permanently and ubiquitously pervade the Galaxy, while impacting on stellar winds, loose energy.
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This is empirically known since 70 years. Due... -
Dr Silvia Celli (La Sapienza Università di Roma and INFN)17/07/2025, 16:05
Cosmic-ray acceleration up to PeV energies has been suggested to take place in massive and young stellar clusters. The formation of a strong termination shock driven by the collective action of stellar winds in compact clusters offers a promising location where efficient particle acceleration might take place over Million year timescales. Moreover, the impulsive acceleration from supernova...
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maurizio spurio (University of Bologna and INFN)17/07/2025, 16:05
The ANTARES detector was the first neutrino telescope in seawater, operating successfully from 2006 to 2022 in the Mediterranean Sea. All challenges related to the operation in the deep sea were accurately addressed by the collaboration. Deployment and connection operations have become smoother over time; data taking and constant re-calibration of the detector due to the variable environmental...
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Yuichiro Tameda (Osaka Electro-Communication University)17/07/2025, 16:05
The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is still an open question, requiring next-generation observation technology. The CRAFFT project is developing a next-generation fluorescence detector designed for low-cost and fully automated observations with a simple structure. In this study, we report the successful detection of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray air showers using a prototype telescope...
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Pier Simone Marrocchesi (University of Siena and INFN Pisa)17/07/2025, 16:05
The MoonRay project is carrying out a concept study of a permanent lunar cosmic-ray (CR) and gamma-ray observatory, in view of the implementation of habitats on our satellite. The idea is to build a modular telescope that will be able to overcome the limitations, in available power and weight, of the present generation of CR instruments in Low Earth Orbit, while carrying out high energy...
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Jordi Tuneu (Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science)17/07/2025, 16:05
The seasonal variation of single muons is a well-understood phenomenon, mainly driven by a positive correlation with atmospheric temperature fluctuations. However, the rate of multi-muon events measured by several experiments has revealed an opposite seasonal modulation in multi-muon events, which remains unexplained by any previous studies using CORSIKA simulations. For the first time, we...
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Agustín Sánchez Losa (IFIC)17/07/2025, 16:20
The ANTARES neutrino telescope operated from 2007 to early 2022 at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, with the primary goal of detecting neutrinos from astrophysical sources. Among these, variable and transient sources are particularly promising, as the timing of neutrino arrivals provides an additional distinguishing feature between signal and background, complementing energy and spatial...
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Martina Bohacova17/07/2025, 16:20
The Pierre Auger Observatory has recently undergone a major upgrade, called AugerPrime, tailored to answer the current most burning questions in the Ultra-High-Energy cosmic ray detection. The AugerPrime upgrade consists of adding, on top of each station, a scintillator detector to separate the muonic and electromagnetic component of the shower for better primary identification, and a radio...
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Salvador Aguilar (Laboratorio Internacional de Partículas Elementales, Departamento de Física, DCeI, CL. UGTO)17/07/2025, 16:20
Cosmic rays are detected in two ways: by detecting photons or by detecting ions, which are produced when cosmic radiation interacts with a material medium, such as water or plastic. Cosmic radiation is composed of a variety of elementary particles and heavy nuclei, but especially muons, which are the most abundant, with an electrical charge, at sea level. To study this radiation, we have...
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Giada Peron (Inaf Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri)17/07/2025, 16:20
Massive Star Clusters (SCs) have been proposed as important CR sources, with the potential of explaining the high-energy end of the Galactic cosmic-ray (CR) spectrum, that Supernova Remnants (SNRs) seem unable to account for. Thanks to fast mass losses due to the collective stellar winds, the environment around SCs is potentially suitable for particle acceleration up to PeV energies and the...
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Dr Sunghyun Kang (Center of Quantum SpaceTime(CQUeST), Sogang University)17/07/2025, 16:20
I discuss the bounds on WIMP-proton and WIMP-neutron couplings of spin-independent and spin-dependent long-range interactions via massless mediator. I update the bounds in the Standard Halo Model for direct detection and the neutrino signal from WIMP annihilation in the Sun, and set halo-independent bounds using the single-stream method.
In the case of a massless mediator the capture rate...
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Katherine Dugas (University of California, Irvine)17/07/2025, 16:20
High-energy cosmic rays enter Earth's atmosphere where they interact with atmospheric particles to generate charged mesons that subsequently decay into muons. As the atmospheric temperature rises, the density decreases, increasing the mean free path of pions and kaons and thus their likelihood of decaying into cosmic ray muons. The positive correlation that results as a consequence of this...
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XiaoCheng Guo17/07/2025, 16:20
It was proposed previously that Galactic Cosmic-Rays(GCRs) are trapped in a region where the weak local interstellar magnetic field lines are spreaded apart by the heliopause in the northern hemisphere. Such a trapped region acts like a magnetic mirror for GCR particles. Once entering the trapped region from the outside interstellar space, GCR particles will encounter more complicated...
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Neha Panchal (Postdoctoral Fellow)17/07/2025, 16:35
The NEWS-G experiment, located at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) in Canada, is searching for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) in the sub-GeV mass range. This direct dark matter detection experiment uses Spherical Proportional Counters (SPCs) as detectors, which measure nuclear recoils in noble gases. Since nuclear recoils are quenched compared to electronic recoils, precise...
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Francesco Cafagna (Universita e INFN, Bari (IT))17/07/2025, 16:35
The Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) Balloon with Radio (PBR) is an instrument designed to be borne by a NASA suborbital Super Pressure Balloon (SPB), in a mission planned to last as long as 50 days. The PBR instrument consists of a 1.1 m aperture Schmidt telescope, similar to the POEMMA design, with two cameras in its hybrid focal surface: a Fluorescence Camera (FC) and...
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Mr Théophile Cartraud (APC)17/07/2025, 16:35
The observation of Galactic neutrinos, confirmed by IceCube in 2023, marks a major milestone in astroparticle physics. Underwater detectors like ANTARES, with superior angular resolution compared to IceCube DNN in their published results, provide a unique opportunity to refine our understanding of hadronic processes occurring in the Milky Way. By testing and fitting different phenomenological...
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Prof. Paul Evenson (University of Delaware)17/07/2025, 16:35
As measured by neutron monitors the flux of galactic cosmic rays exhibits non-statistical fluctuations at all observed timescales. Many of these fluctuations can be identified with specific structures in the solar wind. There is also a rather steady diurnal variation due to cosmic ray streaming in the overall pattern of solar modulation. There is also a spectrum of fluctuations usually termed...
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192. Self-modulation of cosmic rays penetrating dense molecular clouds: Impact on gamma-ray emissionAlexei Ivlev17/07/2025, 16:35
Recent Fermi LAT observations of nearby giant molecular clouds show deficits in the gamma-ray residual map when the expected diffuse emission is modelled assuming uniformly distributed cosmic rays (CRs) [1]. The authors pointed out that the observed emission “holes” reflect the lack of penetration of <∼10 GeV CRs into denser regions, and proposed that the CR deficit is caused by slower CR...
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Bernard Kelly (University of Maryland Baltimore County/NASA GSFC)17/07/2025, 17:05
The Physics of the Cosmos (PhysCOS) Program is one of three focused programs contained within NASA's Astrophysics Division (APD). PhysCOS lies at the intersection of physics and astronomy and has the goal of exploring some of the most fundamental questions regarding the physical forces and laws of the universe. The PhysCOS Program Analysis Group (PhysPAG) serves as a community-based,...
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Milena Crnogorcevic17/07/2025, 17:25
Space-based gamma-ray astronomy is a crucial tool for investigating extreme astrophysical phenomena and has played a key role in advancing our understanding of high-energy processes in the Universe. Gamma rays are deeply connected to gravitational waves, neutrinos, and cosmic rays, making them essential for multi-messenger astrophysics. As several current missions approach the end of their...
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Tsuguo Aramaki17/07/2025, 17:45
NASA’s Physics of the Cosmos Cosmic Ray and Neutrino Science Interest Group (CRNSIG) provides a forum for researchers across the broad energy spectrum of cosmic ray and neutrino observations to both discuss and provide NASA information about the science objectives and needs of the community, both now and planning for the future. In this talk, I will give a brief overview of PhysPAG’s CRNSIG,...
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Jamie Boyd (CERN)18/07/2025, 09:00
High energy hadron-hadron collisions can provide many valuable inputs for cosmic ray physics. Forward hadron production measurements at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) probe equivalent fixed target collision energies of above a PeV, which are a crucial input for modelling of ultra high energy cosmic ray air showers. Recently the new LHC experiments, FASER and SND@LHC, have carried out the...
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Qiang Yuan18/07/2025, 09:45
The origin, acceleration, and propagation of Galactic cosmic rays is a fundamental question in astrophysics. The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) is a major national science and technology infrastructure facility in China. With hybrid detection techniques of surface air shower array, underground muon detector array, water Cherenkov detector, and atmospheric Cherenkov...
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Giada Peron (Inaf Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri)18/07/2025, 11:00
Massive Star Clusters (SCs) have been proposed as additional contributors to Galactic Cosmic rays (CRs), to overcome the limitations of supernova remnants (SNRs) to reach the highest energy end of the CR spectrum. Thanks to fast mass losses due to the collective stellar winds, the environment around SCs is potentially suitable for particle acceleration up to PeV energies, and their energetics...
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Markus Roth (KIT)18/07/2025, 11:30
The Pierre Auger Observatory is the world’s largest facility dedicated to studying ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR). Located in Argentina, it spans 3,000 square kilometers and utilizes a hybrid detection system comprising over 1,600 water Cherenkov detectors and fluorescence telescopes. Since its inception in 2004, the Observatory has provided groundbreaking insights into the energy...
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Dr Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg18/07/2025, 12:05
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Patrizia Caraveo18/07/2025, 12:15
The Italian students’ census certifies that female students outnumber male students, that they are (on average) better performers, and graduate faster with better grades. Competent and prepared young women face a world full of both conscious and unconscious gender bias that struggles to recognize their value. While Institutions as well as companies should act to correct such biases, women...
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Brian Clark (University of Maryland), Maya Widmer (GEMO Widmer), Patrizia Caraveo (INAF), Dr Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, Prof. Teresa Montaruli (Universite de Geneve (CH))18/07/2025, 12:35
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18/07/2025, 13:05
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Nadine Bourriche (Max Planck Institute for Physics)18/07/2025, 13:20
We use the reconstructed properties of individual UHECR events to constrain the location of their unknown sources via approximate Bayesian computation. All important propagation effects, including deflections in both Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields, are implemented via CRPropa 3. We define priors over key parameters, the source position, distance, particle energy at the source, and...
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Conor McGrath (Queen's University)18/07/2025, 13:20
The nature of dark matter (DM) remains mysterious despite decades of indirect, direct and collider searches. Indirect searches for DM attempt to observe the gamma rays produced in DM decay or annihilation. Depending on the DM particle mass, these gamma rays may be in the very-high-energy regime (>100 GeV). The Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS), an imaging...
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Cristina Consolandi (University of Hawai'i at Manoa (US))18/07/2025, 13:20
After thirteen years of operations on board the International Space Station, AMS has performed precise measurements of solar energetic particle (SEP) mostly observed during solar maximum of solar cycle 24 and 25. AMS has collected more than 40 extreme SEP events accelerated during M- and X-class flares and associated with fast coronal mass ejections. AMS detects these SEPs in the GV rigidity...
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Claire Adam Bourdarios (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR))18/07/2025, 13:20
The International Particle Physics Outreach Group was created, about 30 year ago, to foster public engagement in STEM via the development of “hands on data” activities. The International Master Class programme underwent, since then, a spectacular and steady growth.
However, IPPOG was also setup as a « Forum » where national outreach programs and actors could share information, inspiration,...
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Karol Fulat18/07/2025, 13:20
Astrophysical shocks are known to accelerate charged particles to relativistic energies, making them plausible sites for cosmic ray production. Numerical simulations are widely used to study shock acceleration, particularly due to its nonlinear nature. However, they do not always reproduce efficient particle energization. These simulations typically assume a homogeneous upstream medium, and...
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Giacomo Principe (University of Trieste)18/07/2025, 13:20
Spinning super-massive black holes at the center of galaxies can launch powerful magnetized jets. When these jets are oriented within a few degrees of our line of sight, they are called blazars, active galactic nuclei that exhibit variable, non-thermal emission across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to gamma rays. 3C 279 is an archetypal blazar with a prominent radio jet...
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Miltiadis Michailidis (HEPL, KIPAC, Stanford University)18/07/2025, 13:20
Despite IC 443 being among the most studied Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs) across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, the complex region around it has yet to be clarified. A detailed analysis of IC 443 surroundings yielded the detection of extended GeV gamma-ray emission spatially coincident with the G189.6+3.3 SNR. Despite the lack of a complete radio continuum image, the position and...
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Esteban Roulet18/07/2025, 13:35
The possibility that a dominant fraction of the cosmic rays above the ankle is due the single source Centaurus A is discussed. We focus on the properties of the source spectrum and composition required to reproduce the observations, showing that the nuclei are strongly suppressed for E > 10Z EeV, either by a rigidity dependent source cutoff or by the photodisintegration interactions with the...
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Miltiadis Michailidis (HEPL, KIPAC, Stanford University)18/07/2025, 13:35
G032.8-00.1 (or Kes 78) and G032.4+00.1 are two adjacent (in projection) supernova remnants (SNRs), apart by 0.4 deg. Both remnants have been investigated in the radio and X-ray bands. Both were previously considered to be related with the 2FGL J1850.7-0014c gamma-ray source. However, such an association was abandoned in the latest Fermi-LAT catalogs. The current view supports the detection...
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Elisa Prandini (Padova University and INFN Padova, Italy)18/07/2025, 13:35
PG 1553+113 is a distant TeV blazar known for its ~2.2-year periodic gamma-ray signal detected by Fermi. We present results from a decade-long, multiwavelength monitoring campaign of this source.
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Our analysis confirms the periodicity in gamma-ray and optical bands; however, no significant periodicity is found at TeV and X-ray energies, based on observations with MAGIC and Swift-XRT,... -
Mr Abhishek Abhishek (University of Siena & INFN Pisa)18/07/2025, 13:35
Dark Matter (DM) remains a great mystery in modern physics. Among various candidates, the weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) scenario stands out and is under extensive study. The detection of the hypothetical gamma-ray emission from WIMP annihilation could act as a direct probe of electroweak-scale interactions, complementing DM collider searches and other direct DM detection...
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Christina Cohen18/07/2025, 13:35
The observed composition of solar energetic particle (SEP) events can be influenced by a number of factors, including the acceleration mechanism, transport effects, and properties of the particle seed population. Generally the abundances of heavy ions relative to oxygen are higher in events where the dominant acceleration mechanism is flare-associated reconnection as compared to events where...
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Dr Nicolas Arnaud (IJCLab (Université Paris-Saclay and CNRS/IN2P3))18/07/2025, 13:35
Cosmic muons are a concrete way to introduce the physics of the “infinitely small” in high schools. In France, despite the adverse evolution of the school curriculum in science that has limited the room for this subject in teaching, some teachers and students have developed a wide range of educational activities that are presented during classes or in the context of scientific circles, both as...
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Kanji Morikawa (The University of Tokyo)18/07/2025, 13:35
Cosmic rays (CRs) are believed to be accelerated via the first-order Fermi process, in which particles undergo scattering by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves in the vicinity of a shock front. In the acceleration region of ultra-high-energy CRs, CR acceleration occurs in relativistic shocks, where the shock speed approaches the speed of light. To accelerate CRs to $10^{20}$ eV, the strong...
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Silvia Dalla (University of Central Lancashire)18/07/2025, 13:50
An average solar active region (AR) does not usually generate any enhancement in Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) near Earth. A small subset of regions are able to produce one or a few SEP events and these are typically taking place at times of fairly good magnetic connection with near-Earth locations via the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). However a small minority of ARs are...
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Gwenhaël Wilberts Dewasseige (UCLouvain)18/07/2025, 13:50
Machine learning has become a vital part of analysis in modern neutrino astronomy, and many recent discoveries would not be possible without it. This approach, however, is limited by the quality of available training data. Located at the South Pole, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a neutrino detector sensitive to astrophysical neutrinos from GeV to PeV energies, with ongoing efforts to...
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Sha Wu (IHEP)18/07/2025, 13:50
An extended Very-High-Energy (VHE) gamma-ray source coincident with the location of the large radio shell-type SNR G108.2-0.6 is newly discovered by LHAASO. With no excess gamma-ray emission above 100 TeV, the source energy spectrum is well fitted by a power-law function, implying no obvious cutoff. The VHE gamma-ray observation of this extended source has revealed a large shell-type structure...
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Robert Brose (University of Potsdam)18/07/2025, 13:50
It has been a long-standing paradigm that the bulk of Galactic comic-ray gets accelerated at supernova remnant shocks via diffusive shock acceleration. As observations – both direct and indirect – became better, many features appeared in the cosmic-ray spectra at Earth and in the emission spectra of remnants, that require deviations from the expectation of a simple power-law of accelerated...
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Tomoki Wada (Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan)18/07/2025, 13:50
The highest-energy cosmic rays (CRs) with energy above $10^{20}$ eV$=100$ EeV are one of the most mysterious particles in the Universe. Recently, Telescope Array Collaboration (2024) detected the second highest energy CR in history, $244\pm29{\rm (stat.)}~^{+51}_{-76}{\rm (sys.)}$~EeV, which is named as `Amaterasu.' Unger and Farrar (2024) reported no existence of candidates among the radio...
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Dr Stefano Ciprini (INFN Roma Tor Vergata)18/07/2025, 13:50
We present the results of more than 15 years of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) monitor observations of the high-energy peaked BL Lac object PG 1553+113 at E>100 MeV and E>1 GeV gamma-ray bands, in comparison with optical, radio and X-ray multifrequency monitoring data. A long-lived, 2.1-year periodic modulation, of the gamma-ray flux is continuing to be significant at a 4 sigma level...
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Jennifer Maria Frieden (EPFL - Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (CH))18/07/2025, 13:50
The annihilation of dark-matter particles may lead to the production of monochromatic gamma-ray emission. In this contribution, the search for spectral lines in the gamma-ray spectrum using nine years of data collected with the space-borne Dark Matter Particle Explorer is presented. No line signal is found between 5 GeV and 1 TeV in several regions of interest. The constraints on the...
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Annabella Zamora (Université de Lausanne)18/07/2025, 14:05
Astrophysics and particle physics both rely on large-scale, complex research infrastructures—from space telescopes and observatories to underground detectors and particle accelerators. While both fields explore fundamental questions about the universe, they also share a common challenge in public engagement: how to make highly technical and abstract science accessible, meaningful and...
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Lukas Merten (Ruhr University Bochum, RAPP Center)18/07/2025, 14:05
Although for classical models of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) at supernova remnants (SNRs) it is hard to reach PeV energies, SNRs are still believed to contribute a large amount of the total Galactic cosmic-ray luminosity. Nowadays it is clear that SNRs show a significant temporal evolution of those parameters relevant for the transport and acceleration of CRs within and the escape from...
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Ruth Hyndman18/07/2025, 14:05
The properties of solar energetic particle (SEP) event profiles have been researched extensively to investigate the acceleration and transport of SEPs. The effects on SEP intensity profiles of particle-filled magnetic flux tubes corotating with the Sun are generally considered to be negligible. However, corotation has recently been suggested to have an effect on SEP decay phases, based on...
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Mr Christopher Burger-Scheidlin (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies DIAS)18/07/2025, 14:05
Supernova remnants (SNRs) are known to accelerate particles up to relativistic energies. We have recently discovered a new SNR, G310.7-5.4 at high Galactic latitude using the ASKAP’s EMU and POSSUM surveys at 943.5 MHz (Burger-Scheidlin et al., in prep.). The faint, extended object has an apparent size of 30.6′ × 30.6′ and shows the typical SNR bilateral shell structure. Strong linear...
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José Erandi Serna Franco (Instituto de Física, UNAM)18/07/2025, 14:05
Exploring Dark Matter (DM) scenarios through the TeV emission from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) has the potential to provide constraints on the existence of DM candidates such as the Axion-like Particles (ALPs). The very high-energy gamma-ray spectrum of nearby AGNs is expected to be attenuated due to pair production interactions with the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL). However, if...
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Dr Vanessa López-Barquero (University of Maryland College Park)18/07/2025, 14:05
Experimental results by Milagro, HAWC, and ARGO-YBJ have observed variations in the energy spectrum of cosmic rays at TeV scales in different regions of the sky. These findings on the spectral anisotropy provide insights into cosmic ray behavior. This work explores the impact of galactic CR interactions with the heliosphere in creating the observed spectral anisotropy features. Specifically,...
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Jianeng Zhou18/07/2025, 14:05
The blazar 1ES 1959+650 is one of the nearest TeV extragalactic sources to us. Its gamma-ray spectrum is very hard, with a spectral index of only around 1.9 in the GeV energy band reported in 3FHL (the 3rd Fermi-LAT high energy sources catalog). Years ago, a TeV orphan flare was discovered in this source, and it was considered a potential neutrino source. Shortly after the real-time transient...
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Dr Zhaoqiang Shen18/07/2025, 14:20
As the largest gravitationally bound object in the Universe, galaxy clusters are favorable targets for indirect dark matter (DM) search. The GeV-TeV gamma-ray line is the smoking gun signal of the DM annihilation/decay. From the 15.5 years' observation data of the nearby massive galaxy clusters by Fermi-LAT, we detect a tentative gamma-ray line signal at ~43 GeV. The line signal has a net TS...
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Dan Li (Institute of high Energy Physics)18/07/2025, 14:20
Current experimental observations of true two-dimensional (2D) anisotropy are insufficient: ground-based experiments achieve precise measurements only in right ascension (RA), while space-based experiments currently provide solely upper limits. For ground detector arrays, the accuracy of detector efficiency is lower than the anisotropy amplitude. Most experiments adopt equal-declination (Dec)...
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Jamie Holder (University of Delaware)18/07/2025, 14:20
Over the past millennium, only five Galactic supernovae have been observed and recorded by contemporary astronomers, and their current-day counterparts subsequently identified. The remnants of four of these have all been very deeply studied, and ultimately detected, by TeV instruments after exposures of typically hundreds of hours. The measured TeV fluxes range from 1 Crab (by definition) down...
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Elisabete de Gouveia Dal Pino18/07/2025, 14:20
Turbulence-driven magnetic reconnection is increasingly recognized as a crucial mechanism for accelerating cosmic rays (CRs) to ultrahigh energies (UHEs) in magnetized astrophysical environments, ranging from compact sources to more extended regions. In this talk, I will provide an overview of this acceleration process and present a comparative analysis of 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and...
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Dixuan Xiao18/07/2025, 14:20
Long-term and unbiased monitoring of rapidly variable gamma-ray sources, such as active galactic nuclei (AGNs), is essential for elucidating the emission mechanisms behind these extragalactic objects. The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), one of the largest ground-based experiments, provides valuable insights into very high energy (VHE) phenomena, enabling comprehensive...
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Rogerio Menezes18/07/2025, 14:20
Solar activity events release vast amounts of energy,
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including radio waves, X-rays, ultraviolet radiation, and energetic
particles, which interact with the Earth's ionosphere and can disrupt radio
wave propagation, affecting radio communications. They can either
enhance reflections, enhancing long-distance terrestrial communications,
or cause signal degradation and absorption,... -
vincenzo napolano (European Gravitational Observatory - EGO - Italy)18/07/2025, 14:20
Increasingly, the major themes of scientific and technological research (and even of fundamental physics, from discoveries at particle accelerators to the new gravitational and multimessenger astronomy), inspire the work of contemporary artists. The dialogue between art and science is one of the most innovative and promising frontiers of contemporary culture. Artistic interpretation and...
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Mr Guglielmo Rossi (European Gravitational Observatory (EGO))18/07/2025, 14:35
Multimessenger and astroparticle astrophysics has revolutionised our way of observing the cosmos, through electromagnetic and gravitational waves, and astroparticles. The way we take and analyse data, and therefore make science, has been changed, so it’s time to bring this change to our communication strategies and the stories we tell.
This field of research exerts on the general public the...
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Robert Brose (University of Potsdam, Germany)18/07/2025, 14:35
Supernova remnants are known to accelerate particles to relativistic energies on account of their non-thermal emission. Fast variability in the non-thermal synchrotron emission has been detected in multiple remnants and was linked to local properties of the magnetic fields. Further, variations in the long-term radio and x-ray flux have been reported for various objects as well.
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RCW86 is one... -
Davide Cerasole (Universita e INFN, Bari (IT))18/07/2025, 14:35
The intermediate synchrotron-peaked BL Lac B2 1811+31 (z=0.117) underwent a period of high activity from the optical band to very-high-energy (VHE; 100 GeV < E < 100 TeV) gamma rays in 2020. Following a high-state detection by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope in the high-energy gamma-ray band (HE; 100 MeV < E < 100 GeV), a dedicated multi-wavelength...
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Athithya Aravinthan (Ruhr University Bochum)18/07/2025, 14:35
Dwarf Spheroidal (dSph) galaxies are very promising laboratories for the indirect search for Dark Matter (DM), due to their low astrophysical background in radio and gamma-ray frequencies.
For the past several decades, the prompt emission from DM annihilation signatures has been explored through modeling and the setting of limits. In addition to the direct annihilation signatures from...
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Richard Leske18/07/2025, 14:35
The ISOIS/EPI-Hi/HET instrument on Parker Solar Probe can detect neutrals if they interact in the instrument and produce a charged particle (e.g., a gamma ray Compton scattering to produce an electron) when that particle stops in a shielded central region of silicon detectors without triggering the surrounding guards or outer detectors. A background of gamma rays is continuously created when...
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Luca Orusa (Princeton University)18/07/2025, 14:35
The study of collisionless shocks and their role in cosmic ray acceleration has gained importance through observations and simulations, driving interest in reproducing these conditions in laboratory experiments using high-power lasers. In this work, we examine the role of three-dimensional (3D) effects in ion acceleration at quasi-perpendicular shocks under laboratory-relevant conditions....
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Alena Bakalova18/07/2025, 15:20
The mass composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is usually inferred from the depth of the shower maximum (Xmax) of cosmic-ray showers, which is ambiguously determined by modern hadronic interaction models. We examine a data-driven scenario in which the expectation value of Xmax is considered as a free parameter. We test the hypothesis of whether the cosmic-ray data from the Pierre Auger...
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Mrs Adithiya Dinesh (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)18/07/2025, 15:20
Blazars are among the most powerful gamma-ray emitters, displaying rapid variability and extreme spectral properties. In this study, we systematically search for the most extreme high-energy blazars using 12 years of Fermi Large Area Telescope data, aiming to identify instances of spectral hardening in their gamma-ray spectra. This phenomenon is characterized by a flux that decreases with...
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Wakiko Takano (Kanagawa University Research Institute for Engineering)18/07/2025, 15:20
Cosmic rays provide crucial insights into astrophysical phenomena and fundamental physics. However, their detection traditionally requires specialized, costly equipment, limiting accessibility for education. This study explores the potential of using commercially available smartphones and tablets equipped with CMOS image sensors for cosmic ray detection. We developed the “Soramame” app...
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Natasha Lavis (SARAO, University of the Witwatersrand)18/07/2025, 15:20
Current radio interferometers, with their high sensitivity and angular resolution, are uniquely positioned to investigate the predicted faint signals arising from Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). Among the most powerful instruments in the southern hemisphere is MeerKAT, a precursor to the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), which offers world-leading capabilities for probing dark...
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Florian Schulze (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)18/07/2025, 15:20
We revisit the process of particle-acceleration at magnetised shocks having an oblique large scale magnetic field. We find the surprising result that even in the test-particle limit, curved spectra may be produced.
For many years, diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) has been viewed as one of the central mechanisms to accelerate cosmic rays (CRs). It is applied to many astrophysical...
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Timo Laitinen (University of Central Lancashire, UK)18/07/2025, 15:20
The propagation of the Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) in the heliosphere is guided by the large-scale Parker spiral magnetic field. The gradient and the curvature of the magnetic field give rise to drift of the particles’ guiding centres in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field, leading the SEPs to gradually move away from their initial Parker spiral field lines. SEP propagation...
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Robert Daniel Parsons (Humboldt University of Berlin)18/07/2025, 15:20
The Vela SNR region is a bright, nearby and complex region of non-thermal emission which at its centre it contains a powerful pulsar and its associated pulsar wind nebula, commonly known as Vela X. Due to its nature as one of the most local cosmic ray accelerators it has been an object of interest for many studies at the highest energies.
We present a new detailed study of VHE gamma-ray...
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Pierrick MARTIN (CNRS/IRAP)18/07/2025, 15:35
Our exploration of the sky at the highest photon energies has recently benefited from a number of major advances, notably the expansion of the spectral window up to the PeV range, the probing of emissions over larger and larger angular scales, and the coverage of significant portions of the Galaxy. Such a broad view can be expected to lead to significant progress in our understanding of the...
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Hongbin Tan (Nanjing University)18/07/2025, 15:35
Blazars, a subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGN), are known as the strong emission and frequent activities. The blazar PKS 2155-304 is a high synchrotron-peaked BL Lac with redshit $z=0.116$. On 2006 July 28, an extremely remarkable outburst of VHE $\gamma$-ray emission was reported by H.E.S.S from this blazar, with an average flux more than 10 times the quasi-stable-state value. On the...
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Prof. Manuela Vecchi (Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen)18/07/2025, 15:35
Intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs), with masses ranging from a hundred and a million solar masses, are hypothesised to be surrounded by dense regions of dark matter known as dark matter spikes, where the annihilation of dark matter particles could produce detectable gamma rays. The detection of dark matter annihilation around IMBHs therefore offers a promising approach for probing the...
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Prof. Juan José Blanco Ávalos (University of Alcala)18/07/2025, 15:35
On May 11 2024 a train of at least three magnetic cloud connected to fast coronal mass ejections impacted Earth during a very short period of less than 24 hours. In this so complicated solar wind conditions around Earth, a ground level enhancement was observed by neutron monitors the same 11 May at 2 AM just in between of the first magnetic cloud and the second one. In this time, to twins...
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Leonel Morejon (Wuppertal University)18/07/2025, 15:35
In the ultra-high-energy range, cosmic rays (UHECRs) can originate from distances as large as a few hundreds of megaparsecs, limited mainly by interactions with the infrared background light and the cosmic microwave background. Although a modest size, such volume may contain too many sources to be able to discern the origin with the capabilities of current observatories. Furthermore, the...
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Siddhartha Gupta (Princeton University)18/07/2025, 15:35
Collisionless shocks are widely recognized as powerful particle accelerators in space and astrophysical environments, contributing significantly to the nonthermal energy budget across the universe. A fundamental challenge is understanding how collisionless shocks, where Coulomb interactions are negligible, accelerate thermal particles into a nonthermal energy state, leading to a power-law...
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Panagiota Chatzidaki (Uppsala University (SE))18/07/2025, 15:35
Detectors are essential tools for modern astroparticle physics. Found in ground-based and space-borne observatories, they are used to detect, analyse and monitor all types of electromagnetic and particle radiation. Following similar principles, cutting-edge detectors at CERN are used to detect the products of high-energy collisions, allowing scientists to confirm or disprove theoretical models...
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Prof. Zhiyuan Pei (Guangzhou University)18/07/2025, 15:50
In this talk, I will review our recent progress and important findings of the beaming effect and relativistic jet property in gamma-ray blazars detected by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT). Blazars are a particular class of radio-loud Active Galactic Nucleus (AGNs), characterized by many distinctive observational properties, which are due to the relativistic beaming effect. Since the...
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Kazuki Kamiido (The University of Tokyo)18/07/2025, 15:50
Collisionless shocks in relativistically hot ($T \gg mc^2$) plasmas are investigated using the Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulation. Shocks in space are collisionless shocks, which are mediated by wave-particle interactions rather than the Coulomb collisions. Considering the upstream temperature, shocks can be classified into two types: cold upstream ($T \ll mc^2$) and relativistically hot...
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Ana Vitoria de Almeida Martinheira Braga (Instituto de Física de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo)18/07/2025, 15:50
The quest to identify the true nature of dark matter remains one of the most pressing challenges in modern physics. We present here a novel approach to probe DM by analyzing mini spikes in DM density around stellar mass black holes using 14 years of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT). These mini spikes, formed due to the adiabatic growth of black holes in DM halos, can...
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Alessio Perinelli (University of Trento)18/07/2025, 15:50
The characterization of the effects of solar disturbances on the Earth's ionosphere is crucial for the monitoring and understanding of space weather. While satellites orbiting outside of the Van Allen belts allow for direct measurements of the ejected particles and of magnetic field perturbations, low Earth orbit spacecraft, such as the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES-01), provide...
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Parth Deepak Pavaskar (DESY Zeuthen, Uni Potsdam)18/07/2025, 15:50
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence plays a fundamental role in shaping the interstellar medium (ISM), influencing cosmic ray transport, star formation, and plasma dynamics. However, identifying the dominant MHD modes—Alfvén, slow, and fast—from observational data remains a significant challenge. In this study, we present a novel refinement of the Synchrotron Polarization Analysis (SPA)...
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Jemma Pilossof (The University of Adelaide)18/07/2025, 15:50
The origin of cosmic rays has been an active area of research since their discovery over a century ago. Supernova remnants (SNRs) are believed to be able to accelerate cosmic rays up to the ‘knee’ of the observed cosmic-ray spectrum. Although the acceleration at SNR shocks has been extensively modelled, it is still not clear that cosmic rays are able to escape these sources. After...
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Justin Vandenbroucke (University of Wisconsin – Madison)18/07/2025, 15:50
The Distributed Electronic Cosmic-ray Observatory (DECO) is a project that enables users to detect cosmic rays and other ionizing radiation with their own cell phones. The DECO app treats cellphone cameras as silicon track detectors. Event images are uploaded to a web-based database where users and other members of the public can query, download, and analyze them. A convolutional neural...
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Sergey Koldobskiy (University of Oulu)18/07/2025, 16:05
Solar eruptive activity has many forms, the most important and well-studied are solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar energetic particle (SEP) events. It is mostly unknown what is the upper limit for the intensity of different eruptive activity events. For now, only traces of extreme solar particle events (ESPEs) were discovered in cosmogenic isotope data in datable natural archives,...
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Tamara Caldas Cifuentes (Goethe University Frankfurt (DE))18/07/2025, 16:05
CERN Science Gateway opened its doors to the public in autumn 2023. Part of this new education and outreach centre are the exhibitions that combine immersive scenography with interactive exhibits and real scientific objects.
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Three exhibitions are available for the public. In Discover CERN visitors learn more about the accelerators and detectors at CERN. Our Universe consists of two parts: in... -
Manami Roy (The Ohio State University)18/07/2025, 16:05
Cosmic rays (CRs) remain a key uncertainty in galaxy evolution due to their poorly constrained transport and acceleration in diverse plasma environments. They may play a crucial role in shaping the multiphase structure of the Circumgalactic Medium (CGM), with their impact varying across different phases depending on their transport properties and coupling with the thermal plasma. A central...
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Gabriel Torralba Paz (Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences)18/07/2025, 16:05
Mildly relativistic collisionless plasma shocks allow for a broader range of oblique subluminal mean magnetic field configurations, in contrast to inherently superluminal ultra-relativistic shocks. This enables particle acceleration and heating mechanisms, as well as the generation of electromagnetic waves, driven by particle reflection off the shock. Here, we present our recent results from...
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Luiz Augusto Stuani Pereira (Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física (IFUSP), São Paulo, Brazil)18/07/2025, 16:05
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the next-generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy, covering a very broad energy range from 20 GeV to beyond 100 TeV. The luminosity function (LF) of very-high-energy (VHE) blazars measures their evolution over cosmic time, constrains their contribution to unresolved radiation fields, and connects them to source populations...
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Hanrong WU (IHEP)18/07/2025, 16:05
We present the analysis of 4 year LHAASO data of the middle-aged SNR W44 and the massive mocecular gas complex that surrounds it. We confirm the presence of the extended gamma-ray structure located near the remnant. Based on the high-resolution gas maps, we demonstrate that gamma-ray structures are caused by the interaction of escaped relativistic particles with Moclecular Clouds。We argu that...
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Rubén Alfaro (Instituto de Física, UNAM)18/07/2025, 16:05
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a planned very-high-energy gamma-ray observatory that will provide novel and complementary insights about the southern-hemisphere sky thanks to its high sensitivity, wide field of view, and continuous observation capabilities. Centaurus A (CenA) is an Active Galactic Nucleus that has been detected at TeV energies by the H.E.S.S....
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vincenzo napolano (European Gravitational Observatory - EGO - Italy)18/07/2025, 16:20
The first detection of gravitational waves in 2015 and the birth of multimessenger astronomy with gravitational waves in 2017 represented a real revolution in the way we observe the cosmos. As communication office of EGO, the institution that hosts the Virgo gravitational wave detector, we are constantly looking for new ways to tell the public about these great milestones, in the most engaging...
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852. Ion-rich acceleration during an eruptive flux rope event in a multiple null-point configurationMelissa Pesce-Rollins18/07/2025, 16:20
We report on the sources of gamma-ray emission above 100 MeV in the very impulsive GOES M3.3 class flare SOL2012-06-03. The >100 MeV emission during the prompt phase displayed a double-peaked temporal structure, with the highest peak occurring 17$\pm$2 seconds after the first peak with a difference in flux of almost a factor of 3. The HXR and gamma-ray time profiles during the impulsive phase...
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Liam Pinchbeck (School of Physics and Astronomy - Monash University)18/07/2025, 16:20
Dark matter is one of the most important and elusive enduring mysteries of physics in the last century. Gamma ray astronomy offers a possible avenue to determine dark matter’s particle nature through observation of gamma ray by-products of its annihilation or decay. However, it is challenging to formulate a robust dark matter search given our lack of knowledge on dark matter physics. In this...
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Sergio Hernández Cadena (Tsung Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)18/07/2025, 16:20
VER J0521+211 is one of the brightest BL Lac objects detected in the TeV gamma-ray regime, located at a redshift of z=0.108 and 3 deg away from Crab Nebula.It was not included in 1LHAASO catalogue, but manifests with 5.6 sigma in 978-day data from March 2021 to Jan 2024. WCDA enables continuous long term monitor, which will provide important information of the average emission of this blazar...
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Sara TOMITA (Chiba University)18/07/2025, 16:20
Chemical abundances in cosmic rays (CRs) are crucial for understanding their origin and acceleration mechanisms. Shock waves formed in high-energy astrophysical phenomena are promising mechanisms for CR acceleration. The chemical composition of the medium through which the shock propagates differs in each high-energy astrophysical phenomenon. Observational experiments of CRs show that the...
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Bastien Lacave18/07/2025, 16:20
CTA 1 is a composite supernova remnant featuring a shell structure and an inner Pulsar Wind Nebula. The shell is visible in the radio band, while Fermi has detected the radio-quiet pulsar PSR J0007+7303 at its core. Gamma-ray detectors such as LHAASO and VERITAS have detected TeV emission in the vicinity of the pulsar. However, the derived SEDs from LHAASO WCDA and VERITAS show significant...
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Prof. Huihai He (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS)18/07/2025, 16:20
The nature of the cosmic ray all-particle spectrum knee has been a long-standing puzzle since its discovery. The high altitude near the shower maxima of cosmic rays in the knee region has enabled the LHAASO experiment to conduct calorimetric energy measurements, significantly reducing the dependence of energy measurement on cosmic ray composition and interaction models typical in ground-based...
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Alba Rico (Clemson University)18/07/2025, 16:35
Blazars show variability across the entire electromagnetic spectrum and over a wide range of timescales. In some cases, characteristic emission patterns have been observed, such as the multi-year modulation detected in PG 1553+113. Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) can arise from various astrophysical mechanisms, including jet precession, accretion disk instabilities, and binary supermassive...
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Katharina Egg (Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg)18/07/2025, 16:35
Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are prominent sources in the very-high energy (VHE) gamma-ray sky, constituting the most numerous identified source class in the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey (HGPS). They are comprised of energetic particles originating from the pulsar and expanding into the surrounding medium. As such, PWNe are of very high scientific interest as PeVatron candidates, objects that...
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Ralph Richard Engel (KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE))18/07/2025, 16:35
The Global Spline Fit (GSF) is a data-driven parameterization of cosmic-ray flux and mass composition. It combines direct and indirect measurements of the cosmic-ray flux of individual elements from 1 GeV to $10^{11}$ GeV, considering their uncertainties. At lower energies, the fluxes are corrected to the local interstellar spectra using the individual data-taking periods of the experiments....
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Aion Viana (IFSC-USP)18/07/2025, 16:35
Despite compelling astrophysical and cosmological evidence for dark matter (DM), its fundamental nature remains a mystery. We present sensitivity estimates for detecting DM particles using the next-generation Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO), a very-high-energy gamma-ray facility under development in the Southern Hemisphere. SWGO will be sensitive to gamma rays in the energy...
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Dr Ingomar Allekotte (Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (AR), Instituto Balseiro)18/07/2025, 16:35
The Pierre Auger Observatory has been operating in Malargüe, Province of Mendoza, western Argentina, for over two decades, significantly advancing our understanding of cosmic rays. Beyond its scientific mission, the installation and operation of the observatory has had profound social, economic, educational and cultural impact on the local community, the region and worldwide.
More than 90%...
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Linghua Wang (Peking University)18/07/2025, 16:35
The energy spectrum of solar energetic electron (SEE) events carries crucial information on the origin/acceleration at the Sun. We present ten solar energetic electron (SEE) events measured by Wind/3DP at ~1 to 200 keV with a bump break in the electron peak flux vs. energy spectrum. We assume that these bump SEE events consist of two electron populations: primary population (described by the...
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Fabio ACERO18/07/2025, 17:05
Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) are a recent class of astronomical transients whose luminosities exceed those of typical core-collapse supernovae by 10 to 100 times. What makes SLSNe so different from regular core-collapse SNe is still in debate. There are mainly four different energy sources being considered to explain the high peak luminosity of SLSNe: ejecta fallback accretion onto a black...
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Tomohiro Inada (Kyushu University (JP))18/07/2025, 17:05
Higgsino dark matter (DM) is a well-motivated candidate in supersymmetric theories, with a 1.1 TeV thermal higgsino naturally accounting for the observed DM abundance. Despite its strong theoretical foundation, detecting the higgsino remains challenging.
Direct detection is hindered by its suppressed scattering cross-section and theoretical uncertainties on contaminated background,...
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Rebecca Diesing (Institute for Advanced Study and Columbia University)18/07/2025, 17:05
Charged particles accelerated at the forward shocks of supernova remnants (SNRs) likely constitute the majority of the Galactic Cosmic Ray (CR) population. They also play a vital role in regulating the hydrodynamical evolution of their accelerators. For example, efficient CR acceleration at shocks leads to enhanced compression, which in turn alters the distribution of CRs released into the...
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Prof. Eric Mayotte (Colorado School of Mines)18/07/2025, 17:05
The Pierre Auger Observatory has driven the field of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) physics, producing several groundbreaking observations over the last 20 years. One of the most striking findings has been the complex evolution of UHECR mass composition, as revealed by detailed analyses of observables such as the depth of shower maximum (Xmax) and the muon content of showers. As more...
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Prof. Wenli Zheng (Institute of High Energy Physics,CAS)18/07/2025, 17:05
Cosmic rays, discovered in 1912, are high-energy particles originating from outer space. They carry rich information about celestial evolution and the universe and represent the only material samples,which humans can obtain from beyond the solar system.
Cosmic ray observation touches on the frontiers of particle physics and astrophysics. The methods and instruments used in the experiments...
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Dr Hubing Xiao (Shanghai Normal University)18/07/2025, 17:05
We analyzed multiwavelength data of the BL Lac object S5 0716+714 to investigate its emission mechanisms during a flaring state observed in early 2015. We examined the temporal behavior and broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs) during the flare. The size of the $\gamma$-ray emission region was estimated based on the variability timescale. To explore the multiwavelength properties of...
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Dr Igor Sokolov (University of Michigan)18/07/2025, 17:05
Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) are a source of major radiation hazards in space, therefore the forecast and nowcast of their spectrum time evolution during the passage of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) is a desired part of radiation hazard prediction models. GCRs are generated in galactic sources and propagate until they approach the heliopause, where their Local Interstellar Spectrum (LIS) can be...
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Zane Gerber (University of Utah)18/07/2025, 17:20
We present an analysis of ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) mass composition based on four years of data collected by Telescope Array’s expansion project, TA×4. Reconstructing events in hybrid mode, combining information from both the fluorescence detectors (FDs) and surface detectors (SDs), we measure the mass composition of UHECRs using the distribution of the depth of air shower maxima...
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Damiano Caprioli18/07/2025, 17:20
Diffusive Shock Acceleration (DSA) is a prominent way of producing high-energy particles; one of its most appealing features is that it is expected to return power-law spectra, with a slope that only depends on the shock compression ratio.
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I summarize how first-principles plasma simulations have shown that self-generated magnetic turbulence is crucial in controlling such a slope, too, and... -
Lisa Nikolić (University of Siena & INFN Pisa)18/07/2025, 17:20
PKS 2155-304 is a well-known high-frequency peaked BL Lac (HBL) at redshift z=0.116, which has been extensively studied across the electromagnetic spectrum due to its rapid and large-amplitude variability. Several violent outbursts in X-rays and gamma rays have been observed in the past, with intra-night variability in very-high-energy gamma rays (VHE; E > 100 GeV) detected down to the minute...
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Mario Giliberti (Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell'Università e Politecnico di Bari)18/07/2025, 17:20
Dark Matter (DM) particles may either self-annihilate or decay, producing detectable Standard Model (SM) particles, including gamma rays. These processes could lead to excesses in the gamma-ray energy spectra observed on Earth. In this work, we search for those excesses using the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) observations of the Milky Way in an energy range from 1 GeV to 1 TeV. We...
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María Victoria del Valle (University of São Paulo)18/07/2025, 17:20
The observation of PeVatrons is without doubt one of the major breakthroughs in gamma-ray astronomy. The quest for Galactic cosmic-ray candidates goes hand-in-hand with these discoveries. However, with the advent of the very high-energy observations, many new questions arise. In many of the reported sources the origin of the particles responsible for the gamma-ray is unclear, in many cases...
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Rossella Caruso18/07/2025, 17:20
A multidisciplinary networking on neutrino physics for exchanging knowledge and expertise and founding a scientific common field and an International School is the multi-purpose goal of the MAYORANA (MultidisciplinArY netwORking Approach on Neutrino Aspects) Project. The neutrino is a key particle for astroparticle, particle and nuclear physics. At the current state-of-the-art, the nuclear and...
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Xin Wang18/07/2025, 17:20
This study employs the Monte Carlo simulation method to investigate the shock stacking effect driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and corotating interaction regions (CIRs). First, a probability distribution model incorporating characteristic parameters of CMEs and CIRs—such as velocity, density, and magnetic field—was constructed to reflect their stochasticity and diversity in solar...
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Daniele Fargion (Physics Department, Rome University 1, Sapienza, ; Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, INAF, Italy,)18/07/2025, 17:35
The Sun is a target of cosmic rays , CR. Their secondary photons by such CR skimming on solar edges, while scattering solar atmosphere and making neutral pions , is one of the expected and partially observed signal. However there are discrepancies in the gamma spectra within the the Sun disk that are not well understood. We first are reconsidering the role of such skimming and scattering CR...
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Javier Rico (Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE))18/07/2025, 17:35
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) in the GeV-TeV mass range could produce gamma rays through self-annihilation, offering potential observational signatures for indirect dark matter (DM) searches. Dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) of the Milky Way are prime targets for such studies due to their high inferred DM-induced gamma-ray fluxes and minimal astrophysical background.
In this...
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Sophie Aerdker (Ruhr University Bochum, RAPP Center)18/07/2025, 17:35
Diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) is a promising acceleration process in a hierarchy of sources, reaching from stellar termination to Galaxy cluster shocks.
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Two of the relevant parameters defining the maximal energy reached at the accelerator are the turbulent magnetic field and the shock's lifetime. In this contribution, we show how time-dependent models in complex geometries and diffusion... -
Juan Escudero Pedrosa18/07/2025, 17:35
NVSS J073326+51535 is an extreme high-frequency-peaked BL Lac (EHBL) object located at redshift 0.065. It was discovered at very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) by the MAGIC collaboration in 2018. We announce the VHE detection of NVSS J073326+51535 by the VERITAS collaboration and present a multi-wavelength study of this EHBL. These recent observations aim to further constrain the emission...
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Dr Juan Carlos Arteaga-Velazquez18/07/2025, 17:35
In this contribution, we have investigated the energy spectra of the elemental mass groups of cosmic rays for the Light (H+He), medium (C+O) and heavy (Ne-Fe) components using the HAWC observatory. The study was carried out in the energy interval from 10 TeV to 1 PeV using almost 5 years of data on hadronic air showers. The energy spectra were unfolded using the bidimensional distribution of...
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Giorgio Pirola (Max-Planck-Institut für Physik)18/07/2025, 17:35
The W51 giant cloud is one of the largest star-forming regions in the Galaxy. Several experiments have detected gamma-ray emissions from the W51 complex: Fermi (Jogler and Funk 2016), MAGIC (Aleksic et al. 2012), HESS (H.E.S.S. Collaboration et al. 2018), HAWC (Albert et al. 2020), and more recently, LHAASO (Cao et al. 2024). This complex contains two star-forming regions, known as W51A and...
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Mr Albert Parmenter (University of Dallas)18/07/2025, 17:35
This presentation describes a demonstration of cosmic ray physics utilizing a pixel detector at the Jungfraujoch Sphinx Observatory. Rates and types of incident radiation are compared at 439m above sea level (CERN) and at 3454m (Jungfraujoch). A MiniPIX TPX3, developed by the CERN Medipix Collaboration, along with default software is utilized for observations. A USB form factor eliminates the...
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Dr Alexey Yushkov (Institute of Physics AS CR, Prague)18/07/2025, 17:50
We present an analysis of the correlation between the depth of the maximum of air-shower profiles and the signal in water-Cherenkov stations in events simultaneously recorded by the fluorescence and surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The analysis allows constraints to be placed on the spread of nuclear masses in ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with a minor impact from the...
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Mr Aiya Suttikulbutr (Mahidol Wittayanusorn School)18/07/2025, 17:50
Understanding cosmic ray variations with latitude and atmospheric conditions is essential for space weather studies and particle physics education. Cosmic Watch (CW), a compact and accessible muon detector, provides a hands-on tool for studying these variations. It consists of a 5 cm × 5 cm × 1 cm plastic scintillator coupled with a silicon photomultiplier to detect scintillation light from...
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Dr Mireia Nievas Rosillo (IAC, ULL)18/07/2025, 17:50
Most modern studies of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) rely on broadband spectral analyses to constrain the plethora of particle acceleration and emission processes. Traditional analysis methods are often hindered by the use of proprietary tools tailored for each participating instrument, making it challenging to integrate multi-wavelength data in a consistent, reproducible[,,] and statistically...
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Jérôme Pétri18/07/2025, 17:50
In this presentation, we focus on the particle acceleration efficiency and radiation reaction damping in strongly magnetized fields with realistic field strengths of $10^5$ T to $10^{10}$ T, typical of millisecond pulsars, young pulsars and magnetars. Different particle pushers have been implemented, from an exact analytical solution including radiation reaction in the Landau-Lifshitz...
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Micael Andrade (São Carlos Institute of Physics - IFSC/USP)18/07/2025, 17:50
The search for dark matter is advancing into a new era with the development of next-generation gamma-ray observatories, which will significantly enhance detection capabilities. These instruments will extend the limits of detection, offering new opportunities to investigate one of the most elusive components of the universe. Among them, the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory, SWGO,...
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Alexander Mishev18/07/2025, 17:50
Study of solar energetic particles is important to provide the necessary basis to understand the mechanisms of their acceleration and propagation in interplanetary space. It is known that following solar eruptive processes, such as solar flares and/or coronal mass ejections, solar ions can be accelerated to high energies, even in the GeV/n range. In this latter case, the SEP energy is great...
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Houdun Zeng (Purple Mountain Observatory, CAS)18/07/2025, 17:50
We report the analysis results in the 2-degree range around G57.2+0.8 by LHAASO using the WCDA data and KM2A data up to July 2024. Compared with other templates, a template with one dust and three additional sources can explain the high-energy gamma-ray emission well in this region. During the processing, the location of the TeV source (TeV J1943+213) was fixed, and the other two fitted...
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Dmitriy Beznosko (Clayton State University)18/07/2025, 18:05
The new tool that starts to enter all parts of our life is AI – and it enters education as well. There are two large concerns with using AI for education - the safety of students’ data and the AI missing specific knowledge about the given class. The approach of using the Retrieval Augmented Generation provides the user data to the locally run LLM model (using Ollama framework, a free and...
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Milena Crnogorcevic18/07/2025, 18:05
Dwarf galaxies offer a unique window into the dark sector---either by being overwhelmingly dominated by dark matter or by having evolved in near isolation from disruptive baryonic processes. Using more than 15 years of Fermi-LAT gamma-ray data, we probe dark matter annihilation in two regimes. First, we target ultra-faint dwarf galaxies, such as the newly discovered Ursa Major III, whose...
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Prof. Gang Li (Macau University of Science and Technology)18/07/2025, 18:05
The inner heliosphere, spanning from the solar corona to Earth's orbit, is a dynamic region where energetic particles are accelerated and transported. Understanding these processes is crucial for comprehending space weather phenomena and their impact on Earth. This abstract discusses the key mechanisms involved in particle acceleration near the Sun, primarily driven by solar flares and coronal...
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Sasa Maricic18/07/2025, 18:05
The Loaded Layer-Cake Model provides a quantitative framework for understanding cosmic ray spectra through time-dependent acceleration, diffusion, and spallation processes within SN-shocks, wind shock shells, and OB-Superbubble regions. After integration, the model yields a series of mathematical expressions, which are applied to observational AMS cosmic ray data to provide fits. In the...
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Xiaoting Feng (Shandong University)18/07/2025, 18:05
We introduced a parameterization method to analyze the mean muon content $<\ln N_{\mu}>$ and its dispersion $\sigma^{2}(\ln N_{\mu})$ in relation to the mass composition of cosmic-rays. This approach enhances the Heitler model for air showers by employing a parameterization that incorporates the first two moments of the logarithmic mass distribution $\ln A$ and $\sigma^{2}_{\ln A}$. This...
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Dr Jakub Jurysek (FZU - Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences)18/07/2025, 18:05
The "Dragonfly" Pulsar Wind Nebula and its surroundings is a complex region with several HE to UHE gamma-ray point-like and diffuse sources accompanied by their multi-wavelength counterparts. MILAGRO discovered the VHE emission in 2012, making it the second brightest MILAGRO source in the northern hemisphere. The region was later resolved into more VHE sources by VERITAS, revealing a complex...
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Baptiste Le Nagat Neher18/07/2025, 18:05
Ultra Fast Outflows (UFOs) are sub-relativistic dense winds of wide aperture angle, launched from Active Galactic Nuclei, at which strong shocks (Mach number $\gg$ 1) are expected to form.
At these shocks, particle energisation through diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) should lead to the copious production of gamma rays and neutrinos, in the interaction of accelerated charged particles...
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Yoshizumi Okada (Aoyamagakuin University, JAXA/ISAS)18/07/2025, 18:20
Supernova remnants (SNRs) have been widely believed to be the dominant source of Galactic cosmic rays, which are accelerated up to ~ $10^{15.5}$ eV through the process called Fermi acceleration. However, this paradigm has not been verified, as key aspects of the acceleration process, such as its mechanism and efficiency, are not well understood. Shock velocity is considered as one of the key...
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Emmanouil Chaniotakis18/07/2025, 18:20
Researchers have long highlighted the need for multi-modal approaches in teaching and learning environments using inclusive material, based on user-centred and universal design.
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In most cases, the sonification mapping of the dataset was defined by its creator and shared as a final product or even with some musicalisation, not clearly devoted to the study of the data, the identification of... -
551. Study of cosmic ray spectrum and composition by using coincident events between LHAASO and ENDAProf. shuwang cui (HEBEI NORMAL UNIVERSITY)18/07/2025, 18:20
The cosmic ray energy spectrum has always been an important tool for investigating fundamental issues related to origin of cosmic rays. The so-called ”knee” around ∼4 PeV, at where the spectral index changes from-2.7 to-3.1, were observed by several experiments. The measurements of the ”knee” by the ground based experiments still have deviations. Most ground-based experiments measure the...
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Federico Fraschetti (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian)18/07/2025, 18:20
The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) approaches to the Sun in the past 6 years unveiled a broad variety of Traveling shocks (Ts) in the near-Sun environment, from the very weak Ts that would have been unlikely classified as shocks at 1 AU and are not associated with significant enhancement of energized particles, to the fastest ever Ts in-situ measured in the heliosphere, with unprecedented early-on...
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Zhili Weng (Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (US))19/07/2025, 09:00
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a precision particle physics detector operating on the International Space Station. Since 2011, AMS has collected more than 250 billion charged cosmic rays, from elementary particles to iron nuclei with energies up to multi-TeV. The high-precision measurements with ~1% accuracy, over a solar cycle, have led to many surprising observations. The latest...
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Bernd Heinz Heber (Christian-Albrechts-Universitaet Kiel (DE))19/07/2025, 09:45
The Earth’s magnetic field acts as a natural spectrometer for cosmic rays. Because the geomagnetic cutoff rigidity varies with geographic location, particles of different energies are selectively filtered depending on their arrival direction and the position of the observer. Space based missions such as the PAMELA (Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics)...
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Chuan Yue19/07/2025, 11:00
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE; also known as ``Wukong'') is a satellite-borne, calorimetric-type particle detector that has been smoothly operating in space for more than 9 years since its launch in December 2015. DAMPE is designed to detect cosmic rays and gamma rays up to unprecedentedly high energies, benefited with its large geometric area and thick imaging calorimeter. The...
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Prof. Silvia Dalla (University of Central Lancashire)19/07/2025, 11:30
Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) can be detected in the heliosphere following their acceleration during solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). They are a key component of the space radiation environment, affecting space weather. SEP observables, including intensity profiles, spectra, composition and anisotropies, carry signatures of the energisation processes and of propagation...
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Luigi Ernesto Ghezzer (Trento University & INFN-TIFPA)19/07/2025, 13:20
The search for low-energy anti-nuclei in cosmic rays provides a means to test fundamental physics questions, such as the potential existence of primordial antimatter and the nature of Dark Matter.
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The “PHeSCAMI” (Pressurized Helium Scintillating Calorimeter for AntiMatter Identification) project aims to explore a novel method for identifying anti-nuclei in cosmic rays. Specifically, when... -
Jörg Hörandel19/07/2025, 13:20
In this contribution, we present the status and first data from the Radio Detector (RD) at the Pierre Auger Observatory, consisting of 1660 radio antennas deployed across the 3000 km² surface detector array. These antennas measure the radio emission from extensive air showers in the 30–80 MHz band, enabling electromagnetic energy measurements for air showers with zenith angles above 60°....
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Marie-Sophie Carrasco (Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France)19/07/2025, 13:20
Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) are ideal for investigating the nature of moderately extended gamma-ray sources at very high energy thanks to their optimal angular and energy resolution compared to ground array detectors.
The Supernova Remnant SNR G106.3+2.7 is one of the most promising Galactic hadronic PeVatron candidates. We carried out observations using the Large-Sized...
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Ryuji Takeishi19/07/2025, 13:20
In December 2023, the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar OP 313 experienced an extraordinary very-high-energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-ray flare, reaching an integral flux of 0.3 Crab Units above 100 GeV. This event marked the first VHE detection of OP 313 by the first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) at the Northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, delivering its inaugural scientific...
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Iurii Sushch (CIEMAT, Spain)19/07/2025, 13:20
Supernova remnants (SNRs) are often considered as the main sites of acceleration of Galactic cosmic rays, up to the knee feature in the cosmic-ray spectrum. However, their ability to accelerate particles to reach PeV energies is questionable and lacks observational evidence. Theoretical predictions suggest that only a small subclass of very young SNRs evolving in dense environments could...
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Grigory Safronov19/07/2025, 13:20
The Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope is a cubic-kilometer scale neutrino
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detector being constructed in Lake Baikal. Presently the detector array
consists of 13 sub-arrays (clusters), including in total 114 strings
holding 4104 optical modules. The telescope's sensitive volume for
high-energy cascade detection has reached 0.6 km^3. In this report we
discuss status of the detector and present... -
Anabella Araudo (Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences)19/07/2025, 13:35
Relativistic shocks are not efficient cosmic-ray accelerators because after the first shock crossing cycle the particles do not have time to isotropise in the shock upstream region. However, in the first cycle the particles get a boost $\propto \Gamma^2$, where $\Gamma$ is the Lorentz factor of the shock. We construct a model in which particles can achieve ultra-high energies by passing...
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Jakob Henrichs (DESY)19/07/2025, 13:35
The Radio Neutrino Observatory Greenland (RNO-G) is an in-ice neutrino detector currently under construction on top of the Greenlandic ice sheet. Its primary goal is to achieve detection of neutrinos beyond energies of $\sim$ 10 PeV. Each station is equipped with log-periodic dipole antennas (LPDA) oriented toward the sky, which play a crucial role for background reduction in the neutrino...
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Dr Rastislav Dvornicky (Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia)19/07/2025, 13:35
We report on the observation of the diffuse cosmic neutrino flux with the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope. Using cascade-like events collected by Baikal-GVD in 2018–2023, a significant excess of events over the expected atmospheric background is observed. This excess is consistent with the high-energy diffuse cosmic neutrino flux observed by IceCube. The null cosmic flux assumption is rejected...
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Chiara Bartolini19/07/2025, 13:35
The flat spectrum radio quasar OP 313 showed intense $\gamma$-ray emission from November 2023 to March 2024, as observed by the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. From that event a large number of follow-up campaigns at all wavelengths started, confirming the increase of the source activity from the radio to very high energy (VHE) bands. Remarkably, it also led...
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Dr Priyadarshini Bangale (Temple University)19/07/2025, 13:35
Galactic PeVatrons are astrophysical sources accelerating particles up to a few PeV (~10^15 eV). The primary method to identify both electron and proton PeVatrons is the observation of gamma-ray radiation at ultra-high energies (UHE, E>100 TeV). In 2021, LHAASO detected 14 steady gamma-ray sources with photon energies above 100 TeV and up to 1.4 PeV. Most of these sources can be plausibly...
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Kelsey Yee19/07/2025, 13:35
GAPS is a long-duration balloon experiment designed to measure the flux of low-energy (< 0.25 GeV/n) cosmic antinuclei as signatures of dark matter. The GAPS instrument, which is assembled in Antarctica in preparation for its first flight later this year, will measure the antiproton flux in an unexplored low-energy range; be the first experiment optimized for cosmic antideuterons, a “smoking...
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Dr Achim Stoessl (UH Manoa)19/07/2025, 13:50
The General Anti Particle Spectrometer (GAPS) is a balloon-borne cosmic-ray experiment which prepared to launch in the past Antarctic summer season 24/25.
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Its primary science goal is the search for light antinuclei in cosmic rays at kinetic energies below 0.25 GeV/n. This energy region is especially of interest for dark matter searches and is still mostly uncharted.
GAPS promises to yield... -
Simon Filbert (University of Utah)19/07/2025, 13:50
The origin of the highest energy (>100TeV) neutrinos is still highly debated. AGN jets are capable of accelerating hadrons to relativistic speeds, a necessary step for neutrino production in photohadronic processes. A dense photon field, such as UV emission line photons from the broad-line region, can serve as a sufficient target for photohadronic interactions to produce neutrinos. However,...
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Batzhargal Ulzutuev19/07/2025, 13:50
We report on Baikal-GVD measurements of the Galactic component of the high-energy neutrino flux. Using cascade-like events with estimated energy above 200 TeV recorded by Baikal-GVD during six years since 2018, we find an excess of neutrinos from low Galactic latitudes with the chance probability of $1.4\cdot 10^{-2}$. A combined analysis of our data sample and public IceCube neutrino events...
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Marvin Gottowik19/07/2025, 13:50
The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) has played a pioneering role in the development of radio detection techniques for cosmic rays. Consisting of 153 autonomous antenna stations deployed over 17 km², AERA measures the radio emission from extensive air showers initiated by cosmic rays with energies between 0.1 and 10 EeV in the frequency range of 30 to 80 MHz. As the largest cosmic-ray...
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Qizuo Wu (Nanjing University)19/07/2025, 13:50
Galactic $\gamma$-ray sources can be produced by either high-energy protons via proton-proton collisions or electrons/positrons via inverse Compton scattering. Distinguishing between the hadronic and leptonic origin of $\gamma$-ray emission in Galactic sources remains challenging. Measurements of non-thermal X-ray spectra of these sources, which could originate from primary electrons in the...
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Ben Li (Gran Sasso Science Institute)19/07/2025, 13:50
The wind termination shock of compact star clusters has been recently proposed as a potential site of cosmic ray acceleration. The most recent observation of gamma-ray emission up to a few PeV from Cygnus OB2 by LHAASO indicates that particles can be accelerated up to > 1 PeV in the environment of this star cluster. In this work, we study how a spatially varying diffusion coefficient...
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Vasileios Tsourapis (NCSR “Demokritos”, Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics)19/07/2025, 14:05
KM3NeT/ARCA is a rapidly evolving neutrino detector in the Mediterranean Sea. The capability of the detector to measure the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux was recently demonstrated by the observation of an Ultra High Energy neutrino of astrophysical origin. In this contribution an analysis of KM3NeT/ARCA data, employing Machine learning techniques and advanced statistical methods is...
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Kazutaka Aoyama (JAXA)19/07/2025, 14:05
The General Anti-Particle Spectrometer (GAPS) experiment aims to elucidate the nature of dark matter by detecting antiparticles using a long-duration scientific balloon over Antarctica. The GAPS detector consists of a tracker made of lithium-drifted silicon detectors, surrounded by two layers of Time-of-Flight (ToF) plastic scintillators. To achieve an energy resolution of 4 keV FWHM in the...
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Zhiqiu Huang19/07/2025, 14:05
Relativistic shocks have been widely studied as promising sites for ultra-high-energy particle acceleration. Fruitful predictive results have been obtained from both analytical and numerical methods but require tests from observations. The gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows emission are believed to produced when, following relativistic shocks, high-energy electrons are accelerated and then...
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Sweta Menon19/07/2025, 14:05
The Seyfert galaxies NGC 1068 and NGC 4151 have emerged as the most promising counterparts of 4.2σ and 3.0σ neutrino excesses detected by IceCube in the TeV energy range.
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Gamma rays and neutrinos are co-produced at the same flux level via hadronic interactions between the parent proton population and the ambient matter and radiation in the neutrino-emitting region.Observations of NGC 1068... -
Mr Tomotaka Nishikawa (Nagoya University)19/07/2025, 14:05
Galactic cosmic rays are widely believed to be accelerated via the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) mechanism at supernova remnants (SNRs). However, recent observations of SNRs with ages on the order of $10^2$ to $10^3$ years suggest that the maximum energy of accelerated cosmic rays does not reach the PeV scale. In contrast, Inoue et al. (2021) demonstrated through kinetic-MHD simulations...
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Pengxiong Ma (Purple mountain observatory)19/07/2025, 14:05
GRANDProto300 is a pioneering prototype array of the GRAND experiment. It consists of 300 radio antennas and will cover an area of $200\, \text{km}^2$ in a radio-quiet region of western China. Serving as a test bench for the GRAND experiment, GRANDProto300 aims to achieve autonomous radio-detection and reconstruction of highly inclined air showers. It is designed to detect ultra-high-energy...
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Jieshuang Wang (Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching)19/07/2025, 14:20
The origin of cosmic rays (CRs) remains an open question, with their spectrum featuring two key breaks: the knee (~3 PeV) and the ankle (~3 EeV). Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) above the ankle are widely believed to originate from extragalactic sources, while the transition of galactic to extragalactic CRs occurs between the knee and the ankle. Recent observations suggest that...
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Zheyang Chen (Stony Brook University)19/07/2025, 14:20
IceCube has made measurements of diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux for all flavors up to PeV scales. The high energy (TeV-PeV) IceCube cascade sample is particularly effective at selecting electron and tau neutrinos. We present the results of Single Power Law (SPL) and Broken Power Law (BPL) flux measurements based on 11 years of cascade data. From this cascade sample, we identify high...
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Paul Fauverge19/07/2025, 14:20
Novae are thermonuclear explosions occurring on the surface of a white dwarf in a binary system. These explosive events are detected across multiple wavelengths, from radio to X-rays, mostly due to thermal emission. However, in 2010, Fermi-LAT unexpectedly detected gamma-ray emission from the nova V407 Cyg, challenging prior expectations, as novae were not considered capable of accelerating...
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Stijn Buitink (Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB))19/07/2025, 14:20
Construction of low frequency component (50 - 350 MHz) of the Square Kilometre Array has started in Australia. With an immensely dense core of almost 60 thousand antennas within a square kilometer, the telescope provides a unique opportunity to study cosmic rays in the energy range between the knee and the ankle. High resolution observations and new analysis strategies will provide more...
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Ian Herzog (Michigan State University)19/07/2025, 14:20
While much work has gone into associating neutrino emission with various sources, very few sources have emerged. With the recent publication of IceCube Event Catalog (IceCat-1), the IceCube neutrino observatory has released a list of the most promising astrophysical neutrino events since operations began in 2010. Using the archival data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray...
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Tsuguo Aramaki19/07/2025, 14:20
GRAMS (Gamma-Ray and AntiMatter Survey), one of the NASA Physics of the Cosmos missions, is a balloon-borne experiment utilizing a LArTPC (Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber) detector that is potentially expandable to a future satellite mission. GRAMS aims for both MeV gamma-ray observations and antimatter-based indirect dark matter searches. With a low-cost, large-scale LArTPC detector,...
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Hanieh Zandinejad (Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Garching)19/07/2025, 14:35
Cosmic rays (CRs) are among the non-thermal components of the interstellar medium (ISM) that are ubiquitous throughout the Galaxy. While CR number density can be inferred from local measurements on the Earth, their 3D distribution has largely been explored through simulations. A data-driven 3D map of CRs is essential to better understand the spatial distribution of CRs and to probe the...
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Andrew Zeolla (Pennsylvania State University)19/07/2025, 14:35
The Beamforming Elevated Array for COsmic Neutrinos (BEACON) is a detector concept designed to measure the flux of Earth-skimming tau neutrinos above 100 PeV. BEACON will consist of many independent, phased radio arrays placed on mountains. The long in-air propagation length of radio together with the high-elevation sites provide BEACON with a large detector volume in an efficient manner. A...
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Luana Passos Reis (Universidade de São Paulo (IAG-USP))19/07/2025, 14:35
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory, designed to enhance sensitivity and energy coverage (20 GeV -- 300 TeV) over current Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). The instrument's specifications will enable detailed Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) studies in the very-high-energy (VHE) regime. Predicting the AGN...
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Wei Tian (Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)19/07/2025, 14:35
The detection of the flavor ratio of astrophysical neutrinos provides valuable insight into the neutrino production mechanisms within astrophysical sources and serves as a powerful probe for new physics. Building on the exciting observation of seven tau neutrino candidates by the IceCube experiment in 2024, the TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT), as a next-generation neutrino...
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Haoning He19/07/2025, 14:35
Ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are the highest-energy messenger from space, with energies exceeding 1 EeV. Although UHECRs were discovered more than 60 years ago, their origin remains a mystery. Pinpointing sources of UHECRs is crucial for understanding the extreme astrophysical processes that accelerate particles to such extraordinary energies. We searched for UHECR multiplets by...
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Dylan Frikken19/07/2025, 14:50
The Radar Echo Telescope for Cosmic Rays (RET-CR), a pathfinder experiment for a future ultra-high-energy neutrino detector, is an experiment designed to detect the ionization trail from a cosmic-ray-induced particle cascade penetrating a high-altitude ice sheet. In high-elevation ice sheets, a high-energy cosmic ray (E $>$ 10 PeV) at a small zenith angle deposits more than 10 percent of its...
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Luciano Rezzolla (Goethe University Frankfurt (DE))21/07/2025, 09:00
Relativistic jets play a fundamental role in the phenomenology of black holes and neutron star mergers. I will review briefly the progress made within the EHT collaboration in modelling jet emission from accreting supermassive black holes and their multiwavelength emission. I will also discuss about jet launching from binary neutron star mergers either from a magnetised remnant or from a...
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Teresa Bister21/07/2025, 09:45
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays are the most energetic particles known - and yet their origin is still an open question. However, with the precision and accumulated statistics of the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array, in combination with advancements in theory and modeling - e.g. of the Galactic magnetic field - it is now possible to set solid constraints on the sources of UHECRs....
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Damien DORNIC (CPPM)21/07/2025, 11:00
The KM3NeT multi-site detector is designed to detect and study cosmic neutrinos and their sources in the Universe, as well as to improve the intrinsic neutrino properties knowledge. Comprising two underwater Cherenkov neutrino telescopes located at two deep-sea sites in the Mediterranean, the KM3NeT infrastructure includes KM3NeT-ARCA, offshore Portopalo di Capo Passero (Sicily, Italy), which...
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Dr Eiji Kido (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo)21/07/2025, 11:30
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment has been observing ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) using a surface detector (SD) array and fluorescence detector (FD) stations since 2008. TA is the largest UHECR observatory in the Northern Hemisphere. It has been expanded by constructing additional SDs and FDs to extend its energy coverage toward both lower and higher energies. These extensions are...
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Dr Emmanuel Moulin21/07/2025, 13:20
The H.E.S.S. array of imaging atmospheric telescopes is observing the Galactic Center since more that 20 years. The H.E.S.S. collaboration carried out deep very-high-energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-ray observations in a 25 degree squared region near the Galactic centre devised to reach the best sensitivity to VHE gamma-ray diffuse emission. We report here on the detection by H.E.S.S. of a VHE...
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Prof. hao Zhou (TDLI)21/07/2025, 13:20
LHAASO first detected the onset phase of the TeV afterglow from GRB221009A and observed its
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temporal overlap with the prompt emission phase, thereby offering an opportunity to detect or
constrain radiation associated with rapid variability components resembling the TeV prompt
emission in the afterglow background. The detection of TeV prompt emission could open a new
window for theoretical... -
Matthieu BOUCHET (LAPTh)21/07/2025, 13:20
Transverse transport of cosmic rays in a turbulent environment can be greatly influenced by the behavior of magnetic field lines. Indeed, in the limit of infinitely small Larmor radius, charged particles would exactly follow magnetic field lines. In particular the behavior of the spread of a bundle of field lines can have consequences in several astrophysical environments. In this talk we...
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Felix Yu21/07/2025, 13:20
Machine learning techniques in neutrino physics have traditionally relied on simulated data, which provides access to ground-truth labels. However, the accuracy of these simulations and the discrepancies between simulated and real data remain significant concerns, particularly for large-scale neutrino telescopes that operate in complex natural media. In recent years, self-supervised learning...
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Olga Sergijenko21/07/2025, 13:20
The identification of gamma rays in coincidence with high-energy neutrinos has a fundamental importance in the multimessenger astronomy. This type of observations is essential for constraining the source localization, determining the source type and understanding the emission mechanisms. We investigate the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) prospects for detecting the...
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Peter Tinyakov (Universite Libre de Bruxelles)21/07/2025, 13:20
Recent catalogue of the Faraday rotation measures (RM) of extragalactic sources, together with the synchrotron polarisation data from WMAP and Planck, provide us with a wealth of information on the magnetic fields of the Galaxy. We combine several phenomenological components of the GMF –- the spiral arms, the toroidal halo, the X-shaped field, and the field of the Local Bubble –- to construct...
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Veronica Oliviero (Università di Napoli Federico II - INFN sez. Napoli)21/07/2025, 13:20
The neutrinos from the core collapse SN1987A are the first extrasolar neutrinos to be ever detected and have been widely studied to infer the thermodynamical and temporal features of a supernova; however their interpretation in terms of the astrophysical properties of the explosion has been giving rise to heated debates since ever. At date, models are still under construction and simulations...
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Dr Paul Simeon (Stanford University)21/07/2025, 13:35
Accretion shocks in the large-scale structure of the universe are promising sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). In addition to accelerating UHECRs, these shocks should produce distinct multimessenger signatures, including synchrotron radio emission, gamma rays, and neutrinos. We investigate how a hierarchical shock acceleration framework—progressing from supernova remnant...
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Jose Carpio Dumler21/07/2025, 13:35
Transient sources are among the preferred candidates for the sources of high-energy neutrino emission. Intriguing examples so far include blazar flares and tidal disruption events coincident with IceCube neutrinos. Here, we report the first all-flavor, all-sky time-dependent search for neutrino sources by combining IceCube throughgoing tracks, starting tracks and cascades. Throughgoing tracks...
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Jiro Shimoda (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo)21/07/2025, 13:35
The Fermi and eROSITA bubbles (FBs and eRBs) are the largest gamma-ray and X-ray emitting objects in the sky, respectively. They look like nearly symmetrical pairs of bubbles rising above and below the center of our Galaxy. The FBs extend about $50^\circ$, and their emission mechanism is under debate, whether the leptonic scenario (inverse Compton scattering by relativistic electrons) or the...
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Andrey Romanov (LPC-Caen)21/07/2025, 13:35
The KM3NeT Collaboration is currently building two neutrino detectors at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. The KM3NeT/ARCA telescope is under construction off-shore Sicily, Italy, at a depth of about 3.5 km. The main goal of KM3NeT/ARCA is cosmic neutrino studies. KM3NeT/ORCA is being built off-shore Toulon, France, about 2.5 km below the sea surface. Its main physics objective is the...
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Patrick Reichherzer (University of Oxford)21/07/2025, 13:35
The transport of cosmic rays (CRs) across galaxy clusters reflects a reciprocal interaction across plasma scales. Large-scale processes (≳kpc) typically influence microscale behavior (~npc), but we show that microscale fluctuations from the mirror instability—inherently patchy and intermittent in nature—shape large-scale radio morphologies in galaxy clusters by mediating CR propagation. Our...
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Vincent Pelgrims21/07/2025, 13:35
Propagation effects play an important role in structuring UHECR data, altering their arrival directions, energy spectrum, and mass composition. Cosmic magnetic fields modify the trajectories of electrically charged cosmic rays as they travel from their sources to Earth. While small-scale magnetized structures do not significantly impact UHECR propagation, they influence our reconstruction of...
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Alessio Berti (Max Planck Institute for Physics)21/07/2025, 13:35
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are one of the main targets for the observations of the MAGIC telescopes. As a result of the effort in improving the sensitivity of the instrument and the automatic follow-up strategy, MAGIC detected two GRBs in the very-high-energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) range, namely GRB 190114C and GRB 201216C. In GRB 190114C ($z=0.42$), the data collected by MAGIC revealed a new emission...
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Benedikt Schroer21/07/2025, 13:50
Anomalies in cosmic-ray (CR) fluxes, such as the rising positron flux and the flat antiproton-to-proton ratio, have called into question the standard halo model of CR transport and supposedly support alternative models, such as the nested leaky box model. Here, we test such a model in terms of both primary cosmic-ray spectra, spectra of stable and unstable nuclei and antimatter production. We...
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Edna Ruiz-Velasco (LAPP/CNRS)21/07/2025, 13:50
We present results from the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) follow-up observations of Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) between 2004 and 2019. We are focusing on non-detections and providing the most extensive set of very-high-energy (VHE, >100 GeV) upper limits to date. We use this catalogue to constrain the properties of VHE-detected GRBs and compare them to those detected at VHE. Our study...
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Eduardo Mario Gutiérrez21/07/2025, 13:50
Neutron star (NS) mergers are amongst the most promising multimessenger sources in the Universe, as demonstrated by the coincident detection of gravitational waves (GWs) with multi-wavelength electromagnetic (EM) radiation for GW170817. NS merger remnants are thought to launch relativistic jets which produce short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs). However, the exact nature of the NS post-merger...
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Steve Barwick21/07/2025, 13:50
The now decommissioned ARIANNA experiment, which operated in Antarctica between 2014 and 2021, demonstrated that low cost, near surface, directional radio antennas can reject thermal and anthropogenic backgrounds as sufficient levels required by future arrays of similarly constructed near surface stations of 500 stations or more, while the neutrino efficiency remains above 90%. Each ARIANNA...
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Audrey Coleman21/07/2025, 13:50
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) currently has more than nine years of high-energy γ-ray data that has not been fully explored. A region of particular interest for γ-ray astronomy is the Galactic Center (GC). Analysis of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) data shows an excess of GeV γ rays from the GC region that could possibly be explained by the annihilation of weakly interacting...
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Francesco Filippini (Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia - Università di Bologna, INFN-Bologna, Italy)21/07/2025, 13:50
KM3NeT/ARCA is a second-generation neutrino telescope currently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea. Its capability to collect high-quality data has been recently demonstrated by the detection of an ultra-high-energy neutrino of astrophysical origin.
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Located in the Northern Hemisphere with a high duty cycle, the detector has an optimal view of the Galactic Center, primarily via... -
Glennys R. Farrar (New York University)21/07/2025, 13:50
The Unger-Farrar 2023 models of the large scale coherent magnetic field of the Milky Way give comparably good fits to the key constraining data — Faraday rotation measures of extragalactic sources and polarized synchrotron emission -- while maximizing the differences in predictions of UHECR deflections. In this talk we report on our progress in identifying intermediate-scale structures in...
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Per Myhr21/07/2025, 14:05
KM3NeT/ARCA is a deep-sea Cherenkov neutrino detector located 100 km off the coast of the southern tip of Sicily, Italy. When completed, the detector will instrument around one cubic kilometre of water with photodetectors to search for energetic neutrinos of cosmic origin. On February 13th 2023, a partial configuration of KM3NeT/ARCA detected the most energetic neutrino ever observed, with an...
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Jannes Loonen (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)21/07/2025, 14:05
The Radar Echo Telescope (RET) collaboration aims to detect the cosmic neutrino flux at the highest energies through the radar echo method. Radar is a detection technique that allows for determining the position, speed and direction of a macroscopic object using radio waves. In-ice neutrino interactions leave a dense ionization trail that can be detected using radar. We will discuss the very...
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Connor Mooney21/07/2025, 14:05
The recent announcement of the detection of the ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrino event KM3-230213A by the KM3NeT telescope represents a critical opportunity to explore the origins of cosmic neutrinos and their potential gamma-ray counterparts. With an inferred neutrino energy exceeding 100 PeV, this event stands as the most energetic neutrino observed to date. The large offset from the...
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Dr Eiji Kido (RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research)21/07/2025, 14:05
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment has reported evidence of an intermediate-scale excess in the arrival directions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) with energies above 57 EeV, known as the TA Hotspot. Initially reported in 2014, this excess continues to be observed with a statistical significance of approximately 3$\sigma$. However, the astrophysical origin of this excess remains...
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Yo Kusafuka (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, the University of Tokyo)21/07/2025, 14:05
We present a new model for the TeV afterglow of GRB 221009A. The magnetic acceleration reproduces the rapid increase of the TeV flux in the very early phase. We consider the change in the radial structure of the circumstellar medium from homogeneous to wind-like to describe the breaks in the TeV light curve. Our results imply a highly magnetized ejecta with a significantly thick width, making...
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Shotaro Abe (ICRR, UTokyo)21/07/2025, 14:05
Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), including H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS, have detected very-high-energy gamma rays from the central region of the Milky Way. The PeVatron hypothesis posits that the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) accelerates cosmic rays to PeV energies, producing a diffuse gamma-ray emission extending up to tens of TeV across the central...
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Satyendra Thoudam (Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates)21/07/2025, 14:05
Measurements of the cosmic-ray electrons plus positrons by several experiments such as CALET, DAMPE and H.E.S.S. have revealed the presence of a spectral break at around 1 TeV whose origin is still unclear. In this contribution, we explore different possibilities for the origin which include an electron source spectrum with a broken power law which is expected from the radiative cooling of...
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Vladislav Borisov21/07/2025, 14:20
The observed spectrum of cosmic rays (CRs) measured on Earth exhibits a break around 4 PeV, known as the "knee" of cosmic rays. Recently, a significant number of studies, based on the joint analysis of experimental data obtained from experiments such as LHAASO and Fermi-LAT on ultra-high-energy gamma rays, have indicated a potential spatial dependence of this feature. It has been shown that...
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Pierpaolo Savina (Gran Sasso Science Institute)21/07/2025, 14:20
The Pierre Auger Observatory is the largest air-shower detector in the world, offering unparalleled exposure to photons with energies above $5 \times 10^{16}$ eV.
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Since the start of data collection almost two decades ago, numerous searches for photons have been conducted using the detection systems of the Observatory.
These searches have led to the most stringent upper limits on the diffuse... -
Ludwig Neste (Stockholm University/Oscar Klein Centre)21/07/2025, 14:20
Gamma-ray emission from the plane of the Milky Way is understood as partly originating from the interaction of cosmic rays with the interstellar medium. The same interaction is expected to produce a corresponding flux of neutrinos. In 2023, IceCube reported the first observation of this galactic neutrino flux, rejecting the null-hypothesis at 4.5σ. The analysis relied on spatial models – based...
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Samanta Macera (Gran Sasso Science Institute)21/07/2025, 14:20
Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced with ultra-relativistic jets that emerge soon after the collapse of massive stars. The highly variable prompt-emission, lasting for a few minutes, originates from the internal dissipation within the jet. This is followed by afterglow emissions, which can persist for several days. The observed afterglow, from radio to TeV energies, is typically...
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Alexander Korochkin (Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels)21/07/2025, 14:20
We study the propagation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in the local intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) within a radius of <10 Mpc around the Milky Way. Assuming that the field strength is in the range of 1–3 nG and the correlation length is between 0.01 and 1 Mpc, we demonstrate that the IGMF can not only blur the source image but also shift its position, mimicking the effect of...
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ALBRECHT KARLE21/07/2025, 14:20
IceCube is a neutrino observatory located at the South Pole that uses Antarctic ice as a medium for detection of Cherenkov photons. As such, analysis of the data relies on our understanding of the properties of ice within and around the instrumented volume. Over the years we have made significant progress in understanding the glacial ice and now have a comprehensive model that covers many of...
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Dr Farhad Yusef-Zadeh21/07/2025, 14:20
It has been more than 40 years since magnetized radio filaments were first reported toward the Galactic center (GC), providing the earliest evidence of energetic activity in this region. Since then, a large population of synchrotron-emitting filaments have been discovered. In particular, the recent MeerKAT survey has provided an invaluable resource for studying the extreme environment of the...
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Barbara Caiffi (INFN e Universita Genova (IT))21/07/2025, 14:35
Neutrino telescopes are at the forefront of high-energy astrophysics, offering unique insights into some of the most extreme and energetic phenomena in the Universe. The ANTARES detector, which operated for 16 years off the coast of Toulon (France) until 2022, has played a pioneering role in deep-sea neutrino observations. Building upon its legacy, the next-generation KM3NeT-ARCA observatory...
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Dr Danelise de Oliveira Franco (II. Institute for Theoretical Physics, Universität Hamburg)21/07/2025, 14:35
Most ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are charged particles. As a result, they are deflected by magnetic fields, which can act as lenses, altering their trajectories and (de)magnifying their apparent sources. In this study, we investigate the influence of Galactic magnetic fields on the propagation of UHECRs. The deflections of UHECR trajectories can lead to phenomena such as the...
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Miguel Molero Gonzalez (Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands (ES))21/07/2025, 14:35
Recently, precision measurements of cosmic rays have revealed spectral structures that deviate from the previously assumed simple power law. These features offer a wealth of theoretical interpretations to obtain a consistent picture of cosmic ray acceleration, propagation and/or injection, including potential contributions from nearby sources. Among the different species, protons, the most...
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Prof. Yufeng Li (Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing)21/07/2025, 14:35
This study confronts the Standard Solar Model (SSM) with observed neutrino fluxes (pp, pep, Be7, B8, CNO) by constructing parameterized solar core models (SCMs) with variable helium/metallicity profiles and equilibrium nuclear burning assumptions for pp chains. We find key tension emerges that no SCM simultaneously satisfies all observed neutrino fluxes, notably due to core temperature-driven...
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Doğa Veske21/07/2025, 15:20
The discovery of joint sources of high-energy neutrinos and gravitational waves has been a primary target for the LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and IceCube observatories. The joint detection of high-energy neutrinos and gravitational waves would provide insight into cosmic processes, such as progenitor dynamics and outflows. The joint detection of multiple cosmic messengers can also elevate the...
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Georg Schwefer (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)21/07/2025, 15:20
Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission is the radiation produced by the interaction of high-energy cosmic rays propagating through the Milky Way with the interstellar gas and radiation fields. Its measurement allows for crucial insights into the acceleration and transport of cosmic rays throughout our Galaxy.
Here, we present a new analysis of the TeV Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission using...
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Mary Hall Reno21/07/2025, 15:20
Earth-skimming tau neutrinos with energies above $\sim 10$ PeV can convert to tau leptons that decay in the atmosphere and initiate upward-going extensive air showers that generate optical Cherenkov signals. On a curtailed NASA balloon flight in May 2023, the Cherenkov telescope (CT) on the Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 2 (EUSO-SPB2) was launched and had a...
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Anirvan Shukla (University of Hawai'i at Manoa (US))21/07/2025, 15:20
The detection of cosmic-ray antinuclei holds the potential to be a groundbreaking method for identifying signatures of dark matter. The dominant background for cosmic antinuclei arises from interactions of cosmic-ray protons with interstellar hydrogen gas. However, prevalent (anti)nuclei formation models—the thermal and coalescence models—are based on different underlying physics. A deeper...
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Walid Idrissi Ibnsalih21/07/2025, 15:20
The ANTARES telescope was a cherenkov neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea which has taken data for 15 years. KM3NeT/ARCA is an astrophysical neutrino detector currently under construction, but already taking data. We present a binned likelihood stacking framework combining the two experimental datasets: the 15 years of ANTARES and the different KM3NeT/ARCA configurations (6, 8, 19 and...
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Sara Fraija (IA-UNAM)21/07/2025, 15:20
The fireball model has been widely used to explain the spectral energy distribution and light curves of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) during the afterglow phase. According to this model, particles are accelerated in external shocks, resulting in photon emission via synchrotron radiation and synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) processes. However, this framework does not fully account for all observed...
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Dr Antonio Capanema (Gran Sasso Science Institute)21/07/2025, 15:20
Over the past decades, there has been growing observational and theoretical evidence that cosmic-ray-induced instabilities play an important role in both acceleration and transport of cosmic rays (CRs). For instance, the efficient acceleration of charged particles in supernova remnant shocks requires rapidly growing instabilities, so much so that none of the proposed processes seem sufficient...
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Davide Giordano (INFN Torino)21/07/2025, 15:35
One of the indirect detection method of dark matter (DM) is based on the search of the products of DM annihilation or decay. They should appear as distortions in the gamma rays spectra and in the rare Cosmic Ray (CR) components, like antiprotons, positrons and antideuterons, on top of the standard astrophysical production. In particular, the antiprotons in the Galaxy are mainly of secondary...
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Ilja Jaroschewski (Université Paris-Saclay (FR))21/07/2025, 15:35
The blazar J1048+7143 (a.k.a. J1044+71) is a promising candidate for harboring a supermassive binary black hole (SMBBH) inspiral on the verge of merging. Its gamma-ray, optical, infrared and radio light curves show consistent quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) with a period of years. The flares in gamma rays, optical and infrared consist each of two subflares, while in radio, the emission...
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Isabel Goos21/07/2025, 15:35
Neutrino oscillation tomography has the potential to complement classical geophysical and geochemical methods for probing the Earth's deep interior. This technique relies on identifying changes in neutrino oscillation patterns due to variations in the matter density and the proton-to-nucleon ratio distribution in the materials through which neutrinos pass. Consequently, open questions...
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Dario Grasso21/07/2025, 15:35
The LHAASO collaboration has recently released the spectrum and the angular distribution of the gamma-ray Galactic diffuse emission from 1 TeV to 1 PeV measured with the
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Kilometer-2 Array (KM2A) and Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA). We show that those data are in remarkably good agreement with a set of pre-existing models that assume the emission to be produced by the Galactic population... -
Riccardo Nicolaidis (Universita degli Studi di Trento and INFN (IT))21/07/2025, 15:35
The High-Energy Particle Detectors (HEPDs) onboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) mission are designed to study charged particle fluxes in space. The first-generation instrument, HEPD-01 on CSES-01, was originally conceived to measure low-energy electrons and protons but has also demonstrated the ability to detect transient phenomena such as Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). By...
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Giacomo Sommani (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)21/07/2025, 15:35
In recent years, neutrino astronomy has rapidly developed. In 2013, the IceCube collaboration announced the detection of an astrophysical neutrino flux. The origin of this flux is still largely unknown. The most promising source candidate is the close-by Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068, with evidence of 4.2 sigma and a soft spectral index.
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In 2022 and 2023, two 100 TeV neutrinos, respectively... -
Pedro De la Torre Luque (Institute of theoretical physics (IFT-UAM))21/07/2025, 15:50
The creation of anti-nuclei in the Galaxy has been discussed as a possible signal of exotic production mechanisms such as primordial black hole evaporation or dark matter decay/annihilation in addition to the more conventional production from cosmic-ray interactions. Tentative observations of cosmic-ray andideuteron and antihelium by the AMS-02 collaboration have re-energized the quest to use...
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Ritabrata Sarkar (Gran Sasso Science Institute)21/07/2025, 15:50
Crystal Eye is a new concept of space-based all sky monitor for the observation of 10 keV - 30 MeV photons exploiting a novel detection technique, which foresees enhanced localization capability and functionality in an unprecedented energy range with respect to the current instruments. This is now possible, thanks to the use of new materials (scintillator crystals) and sensors (like Silicon...
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Isabelle John21/07/2025, 15:50
The electron + positron cosmic-ray flux recently released by the H.E.S.S. telescope shows a remarkable behaviour: It breaks at around 1 TeV and falls off quickly, following a smooth powerlaw. This is in tension with simple pulsar models, which predict a much harder electron spectrum at tens of TeV. However, in two-zone diffusion models, propagation of high-energy electrons is inhibited in a...
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Mr Kenta Terauchi (Kyoto University)21/07/2025, 15:50
X-ray light curves of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows exhibit various features, with the shallow
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decay phase being particularly puzzling. While some studies report absence of the X-ray shallow decay
for hyper-energetic GRBs, recently discovered GRB 240529A shows a clear shallow decay phase with
an isotropic gamma-ray energy of $2.2\times10^{54}$ erg, making it a highly unusual case... -
Dr Massimiliano Lincetto (University of Würzburg | DESY Zeuthen)21/07/2025, 15:50
Active galactic nuclei are promising candidates for astrophysical neutrino sources, as suggested by the detection of a high-energy neutrino positionally consistent with the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056 and evidence of neutrino emission from the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068. Our recent studies based on the IceCube time-integrated sky maps provided evidence of a statistically significant...
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Rui Zhang (PMO)21/07/2025, 15:50
The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission, mainly produced via interactions between cosmic rays and the interstellar medium and/or radiation field, is a crucial probe of the distribution, propagation, and interaction of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. Using the source deduction method and the latest data from WCDA and KM2A, we have preliminarily measured this emission and present the energy...
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Alex Wen21/07/2025, 15:50
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has observed a sample of high purity, primarily atmospheric, muon neutrino events over 11 years from all directions below the horizon, spanning the energy range 500 GeV to 100 TeV. While this sample was initially used for an eV-scale sterile neutrino search, its purity and spanned parameter space can also be used to perform an earth tomography. This flux of...
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Pawan Tiwari21/07/2025, 16:05
The early X-ray afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), observed with the Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT; 0.3–10 keV) onboard the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, have revealed distinct temporal features beyond those predicted by the standard forward shock afterglow model. Components in the XRT light curve, such as steep decay, flares, and plateaus, suggest more complex afterglow physics. These...
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Antonio Ambrosone (Gran Sasso Science Institute)21/07/2025, 16:05
Recent secondary-over-primary cosmic-ray (CR) ratio measurements by DAMPE and CALET show a hint of a flattening above ( \sim) TV rigidities. It is plausible - and theoretically well-motivated - that CRs accumulate additional grammage inside the source environment leading to a constant grammage in addition to the Galactic one. In this contribution, we explore this scenario, quantifying the...
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Braeden Veenstra (University of Alberta)21/07/2025, 16:05
The Pacific-Ocean Neutrino Experiment (P-ONE) is a new neutrino telescope that is currently under construction in the North Pacific Ocean. The future location of the detector is the Cascadia Basin, a flat 2660 m deep region of ocean off the coast of Vancouver Island, Canada. P-ONE will be made up of one kilometre long strings of optical instrumentation. The collaboration is currently working...
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Alexandre MARCOWITH (Laboratoire Univers Particle Montpellier)21/07/2025, 16:05
We conduct 1D particle-in-cell (PIC) and particle-in-cell-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of a hot superAlfvénic electron-positron (ee) beam pervading a cold electron-proton (ep) background. We investigate the growth and saturation of the resonant streaming instability triggered by the ee beam. We confirm quasi-linear growth rates and a saturated amplitude of waves to be consistent with a...
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Francesco Carenini21/07/2025, 16:05
Blazars are promising targets for neutrino astronomy, as highlighted by IceCube’s identification of TXS 0506+056 as a cosmic neutrino source candidate. High-frequency-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs), a subclass of blazars, stand out due to their distinctive high-energy emission properties. Therefore, HBLs are promising candidates for the production of high-energy neutrinos. Such neutrinos could be...
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Lars Kolk (Technische Universitaet Dortmund (DE))21/07/2025, 16:05
Out in the universe, when ultra-high energy charged cosmic rays (UHECR) propagate from their source and/or acceleration site, they may interact with the environment (gas), producing high-energy gamma rays and neutrinos. One of the main uncertainties in the prediction of the flux of gamma rays and neutrinos from such UHECR interactions is due to the uncertainties in the modeling of hadronic...
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Leonardo Ricca21/07/2025, 16:05
Binary black holes (BBHs) in the vicinity of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are particularly interesting systems from both a cosmological and astrophysical point of view. Matter and radiation fields within the dense AGN environment could produce electromagnetic and neutrino emission in addition to gravitational waves (GWs). Moreover, interactions between BBHs and AGN accretion disks are...
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Shota Yokoyama (Chiba University)21/07/2025, 16:20
Cosmic rays (CRs) play crucial roles in various astrophysical environments in the present Universe. They can penetrate deep into dense molecular clouds, altering their ionization degree and influencing star formation. Additionally, CRs exert pressure on galactic gas and contribute to driving galactic winds. However, their role in the early Universe remains poorly understood. Since CRs are...
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Dr ankur ghosh (University of Johannesburg)21/07/2025, 16:20
The recent detection of very high-energy (VHE, $>$ 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has provided new insights into afterglow physics. Understanding the temporal and spectral evolution of VHE GRBs requires detailed modeling and multi-wavelength observations spanning radio to VHE. The afterglow emission primarily consists of synchrotron radiation from forward and reverse...
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Maria Rosaria Musone (INFN napoli)21/07/2025, 16:20
KM3NeT/ARCA is a large underwater Cherenkov neutrino detector, currently under construction at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. The detector geometry is optimised for the observation of TeV-PeV astrophysical neutrinos. Once completed, the detector will consist of 230 Detection Units (DUs). A Detection Unit is an 800-meter vertical line that holds 18 Digital Optical Modules, containing 31...
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Kaoru Takahashi21/07/2025, 16:20
In this talk, we present a search strategy for neutrino-induced air showers using the Telescope Array surface detectors (TA SD), focusing on the large zenith angle region. To develop the analysis method, we used Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. In previous TA analyses, the MC generation method was established only for proton showers with zenith angles up to 60 degrees. Therefore, we validated and...
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Luis Enrique Espinosa Castro (Gran Sasso Science Institute)21/07/2025, 16:20
Recently, LHAASO has announced the highest-energy measurements of the diffusive gamma-ray flux, offering the possibility of probing the spatial distribution and energy spectrum of the galactic cosmic rays (CRs) up to the all-particle spectrum knee ($\sim 4$ PeV). However, a persistent tension between observations by experiments (such as Fermi and LHAASO) and the predictions based on...
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Florian Eppel21/07/2025, 16:20
We present recent results of the TELAMON program, which is using the Effelsberg 100-m telescope to monitor the radio spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) under scrutiny in astroparticle physics, namely TeV blazars and neutrino-associated AGN since 2020. The radio variability of these sources and its correlation with high-energy activity are studied based on the first five years of...
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Francesco D'Angelo (Universita e INFN, Bologna (IT))21/07/2025, 16:20
Antiprotons and antideuterons in cosmic rays (CRs) are studied to search for potential signals of exotic physics—such as dark matter annihilation—beyond the expected astrophysical background produced by collisions between primary CRs and the interstellar medium.
In particular, it has been argued that the production of secondary antideuterons should be suppressed at kinetic energies below a...
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Luca Foffano (INAF Rome (IAPS))21/07/2025, 16:35
The TeV gamma-ray band is essential for probing the most extreme particle acceleration processes in the Universe. The recent detections of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) at these energies offer an incredible opportunity to investigate the origins of such transient events in an unprecedented way. In this presentation, we analyze the afterglows of these GRBs by modeling their synchrotron and inverse...
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Prof. Narek Sahakyan (ICRANET-Armenia IO)21/07/2025, 16:35
Multimessenger observations, combining electromagnetic radiation and neutrinos, offer critical insights into the high-energy processes occurring in astrophysical sources. Recent coincident detections of high-energy neutrinos from the direction of blazars highlight them as ideal candidates for multimessenger modeling, and at the same time underscore the necessity of accurate modeling frameworks...
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Yuca Chen (University of Delaware)21/07/2025, 16:35
High-precision cosmic ray measurements from both space-based and balloon-borne experiments have revealed a variety of spectral features. Primary nuclei and their secondaries produced during propagation exhibit spectral hardening above $\sim$200 GV. Proton-spectrum softening has been observed at $\sim$10 TeV. Helium-spectrum softening has been observed at slightly higher energies. A positron...
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Prof. João de Mello Neto (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ)21/07/2025, 16:35
As of early 2025, the GRAND collaboration has three prototype arrays in operation: GRANDProto300 in China, GRAND@Nançay in France, and GRAND@Auger in Argentina.The GRAND@Auger prototype was established through a collaboration between the GRAND and Pierre Auger Observatories, repurposing ten Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) stations into GRAND detection units. This setup provides a unique...
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Esteban Roulet21/07/2025, 17:05
We fit the cosmic-ray spectrum measured with the Pierre Auger Observatory's surface detectors above an energy of $10^{17}$ eV, along with composition information inferred from the depth of shower maximum measured with its fluorescence detectors above an energy threshold of $10^{17.8}$ eV. We consider astrophysical scenarios with two distinct extragalactic source populations: one dominating the...
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Lucas Barreto Mota dos Santos (Universidade de São Paulo - IAG)21/07/2025, 17:05
Cosmic rays (CRs) interact with turbulent magnetic fields in the interstellar medium (ISM), generating non-thermal emission. Recent ultra-high-energy gamma-ray (UHEGR) observations by LHAASO, linked to star-forming regions in the ISM, have introduced new challenges in understanding CR acceleration and propagation in these environments. Despite decades of study, the diffusion of CRs within the...
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Anton Stall (Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK), RWTH Aachen University)21/07/2025, 17:05
Diffuse emission in gamma-rays and neutrinos are produced by the interaction of cosmic rays with the interstellar medium. Below some hundreds of TeV, the sources of these cosmic rays are most likely Galactic. Hence, observations of high-energy gamma-rays and neutrinos can be used to probe the flux of cosmic rays in other parts of the Galaxy. Supernova remnants are usually considered as the...
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Matthew Lundy (McGill University)21/07/2025, 17:05
The origin of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) remains a longstanding and intriguing mystery. Discovering their progenitors will increase our knowledge of compact objects in extreme environments and will improve the use of these sources to probe cosmology and the structure of galaxies. A key discriminator between various models is the presence of multiwavelength counterparts. Although previous...
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Antonio De Benedittis (INFN - National Institute for Nuclear Physics)21/07/2025, 17:05
KM3NeT/ARCA is a Cherenkov neutrino telescope currently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea, at 100 km off the Sicilian coast, near Capo Passero, and at about 3500 m depth.
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On its final configuration, the detector will consist of a cubic kilometer volume of seawater instrumented with light detectors. Now, 33 detector units have been already deployed and are taking data. In this... -
Silvia Salvatore21/07/2025, 17:05
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and starburst galaxies are multimes-
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senger sources in the Universe, emitting from radio/infrared energies
to gamma-ray and neutrino energies. NGC 1068 is a Seyfert II galaxy
with a starburst ring that has been proven to emit the neutrinos de-
tected by Icecube through hadronic processes most likely happening
in the AGN corona. Two high-energy neutrinos with... -
Kaeli Hughes (The Ohio State University)21/07/2025, 17:05
The Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations (PUEO) is slated to fly in December of this year out of McMurdo Station in Antarctica in search of the highest energy neutrinos produced in our Universe. PUEO is designed to detect Askaryan emission, a broadband radio signal that occurs when a neutrino interacts in a dense dielectric medium like Antarctic ice. To achieve better sensitivity than...
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Alessandro Veutro (Sapienza Università di Roma)21/07/2025, 17:20
The collapse of the core of a massive star at the end of its life can give rise to one of the most powerful phenomena in the Universe. Because of violent mass motions that take place during the explosion, Core Collapse Supernovae have been considered a potential source of detectable gravitational waveforms for decades. However, their intrinsic stochasticity makes almost impossible modeling and...
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Federica BRADASCIO (IJCLab - Université Paris-Saclay)21/07/2025, 17:20
Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are brief, highly energetic radio flashes of unknown origin. Their high luminosity, short duration, and large dispersion measures suggest an extragalactic origin, potentially linked to extreme astrophysical objects such as magnetars. The growing number of detected FRBs, including repeating sources, has driven extensive multi-wavelength follow-up efforts. While FRB...
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Alessandro Cermenati (Gran Sasso Science Institute)21/07/2025, 17:20
The recent detection of a multi-PeV neutrino event by KM3NeT/ARCA opens a new window into the origins of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). We revise the possibility of a cosmogenic origin for this event while considering constraints from the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGRB) observed by Fermi-LAT and the non-detection of ultra-high-energy (UHE) photons ($\gtrsim$ EeV) by...
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Giacomo Sommani (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)21/07/2025, 17:20
IceCube has detected a diffuse flux of high energy neutrinos, with the only two high-confidence extragalactic sources identified to-date being the accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs) TXS0506+056 and NGC1068. This suggests that other SMBHs may also contribute to the observed neutrino flux. It is possible that some fraction of the IceCube neutrinos originate in time-variable SMBH...
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Julien Dörner (Ruhr University Bochum)21/07/2025, 17:20
The spatial diffusion of energetic particles in a magnetic field composed of a large-scale background and a small-scale turbulent component should be expected to be anisotropic. While such anisotropic diffusion has been known for quite a while in first-principle plasma physics and while it is required for an understanding of the transport of cosmic rays in the heliosphere or close to supernova...
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Marek Kowalski (DESY)21/07/2025, 17:20
IceCube-Gen2 is a next-generation neutrino observatory, building on IceCube's discovery of cosmic neutrinos. It will increase detection rates by an order of magnitude, probe fainter sources, and extend energy sensitivity to EeV scales with a new radio array. IceCube-Gen2 will explore cosmic particle acceleration, the origins of the highest-energy particles, and fundamental physics, all while...
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Holger Motz (Waseda University)21/07/2025, 17:20
The ISS-based Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is directly measuring the energy spectrum and direction distribution of electron+positron cosmic-rays up to 20 TeV. The electron+positron events measured by CALET have been analyzed for a possible dipole anisotropy, which could be a signature of nearby SNR such as Vela.
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The methods used to derive limits on the anisotropy from the... -
Sei Kato (Institut d'astrophysique de Paris)21/07/2025, 17:35
Galactic diffuse gamma-rays emission (GDE) in the sub-PeV energy range (E > 100 TeV = $10^{14}$ eV) was first detected by the Tibet AS$\gamma$ experiment in 2021, ensuring the presence of PeV cosmic-ray accelerators in the Galaxy. On the other hand, in 2023 the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) detected GDE covering an energy range between 10 TeV and 1 PeV. Interestingly, the...
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Karl-Heinz Kampert (Universität Wuppertal)21/07/2025, 17:35
The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is still an elusive question, mainly because the arrival directions do not point to a preferred source location. However, it has recently been observed that the amplitude of the dipole anisotropy detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory increases with the energy. This can be interpreted as an indication of the presence of a dominant source...
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615. Measurements of separate electron and positron spectra from 10 GeV to 20 GeV with DAMPE missionYu Nie (University of Science and Technology of China)21/07/2025, 17:35
The cosmic-ray(CR) electrons and positrons are of great significance for studying the origin and propagation of cosmic-rays. The satellite-borne experiment DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE) has been used to measure the separate electron and positron spectra, as well as the positron fraction. In this work, the Earth's magnetic field is used to distinguish CR electrons and positrons, as the...
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Sarah Louise Mancina (INFN-Padova)21/07/2025, 17:35
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory searches for the origins of astrophysical neutrinos using various techniques to overcome the significant backgrounds produced by cosmic-ray air showers. One such technique involves combining the neutrino data with other cosmic messengers to identify spatial and temporal correlations. IceCube contributes to multi-messenger astrophysics by providing alerts for...
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Christian Glaser (Uppsala University)21/07/2025, 17:35
The next generation neutrino telescope, IceCube-Gen2, will be sensitive to the astrophysical and cosmogenic flux of neutrinos across a broad energy range, from the TeV to the EeV scale. The planned design includes 8 cubic kilometers of ice instrumented with approximately 10,000 optical sensors, a surface array, and a radio array of antennas embedded in the ice laid out sparsely over 500 km^2....
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Halim Ashkar (Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, E ́cole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France)21/07/2025, 17:35
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are bright flashes of electromagnetic radiation originating from the core collapse of massive stars or the merger of compact objects. It has long been theorized that GRBs can emit very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays that can reach the TeV level. Although current-generation Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), such as H.E.S.S., have been observing GRBs since...
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Wenlian Li (1.State Key Laboratory of Dark Matter Physics, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201210, China 2.Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany)21/07/2025, 17:35
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory issues real-time high-energy neutrino alerts and has released its first catalog (IceCat-1). However, the origin of these high-energy neutrinos remains largely unknown. Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with variability are promising candidate sources. Previous studies have suggested a temporal correlation between high-energy neutrino alerts and infrared flares. In...
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Tista Mukherjee (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)21/07/2025, 17:50
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory actively participates in multi-messenger follow-ups of gravitational-wave (GW) events. With the release of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC)-2.1 and -3, the sub-threshold GW event information from the third observation run of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) detectors is publicly available. These sub-threshold GWs are identified via template-based and...
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Prof. Kenji Yoshida (Shibaura Institute of Technology)21/07/2025, 17:50
Over the last decade, highly accurate high-energy cosmic-ray electron energy spectra have been obtained with superior instruments such as CALET. Their energy spectra, which show characteristic structures, have the potential to unveil the origin of cosmic-ray electrons whose most likely candidates are supernova remnants (SNRs). In this work, we estimate the intragalactic temporal and spatial...
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Félix BRETAUDEAU21/07/2025, 17:50
The KM3NeT experiment is a next-generation neutrino telescope and particle physics detector, consisting of the ORCA and ARCA detectors, organised as 3D arrays of light sensors, and immersed in the depths of the Mediterranean Sea. Identical in their design but differing in scale, ORCA aims at detecting neutrinos in the GeV-TeV range, while ARCA will focus on higher energies in the TeV-PeV...
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Elena Manao21/07/2025, 17:50
Over the past decade, giant surface arrays such as the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array have detected cosmic rays with energies reaching hundreds of EeV, yet their sources remain unidentified. The detection of a large-scale dipole anisotropy pointing away from the Galactic plane, combined with the attenuation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) during propagation,...
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Peter Marinos (Stanford)21/07/2025, 17:50
Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emissions have been observed from MeV to PeV energies.
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These emissions are connected via a common origin of the cosmic ray (CR) particles, but the energy dependence and hadronic/leptonic fraction remain unconstrained.
We model the Galactic CR distributions and associated non-thermal diffuse emissions from TeV--PeV energies using the GALPROP framework.
We... -
Angela V. Olinto (Columbia University)21/07/2025, 17:50
POEMMA-Balloon with Radio (PBR) is a scaled-down version of the Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) design, optimized to be flown as a payload on one of NASA's sub-orbital super pressure balloons circling over the southern oceans for a mission duration of as long as 50 days. One of the main science objectives of PBR is to follow up astrophysical event alerts in search for...
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Else Magnus (Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB-IIHE))21/07/2025, 17:50
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful transient explosions in the Universe and emit a vast amount of their energy in the form of gamma-rays. Although they last extremely short on cosmic time scales, their gamma-ray emission shows a wealth of temporal variability. Properties of this variability may carry information about the processes the gamma-rays emerge from, which remain poorly...
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Dr Ana Laura Müller (FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences)21/07/2025, 18:05
Despite all that we have learned from observational data, the sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) have not yet been identified. Among the candidates discussed in the literature, starburst galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are likely the most popular. Studies from the Pierre Auger Observatory indicate that the mass composition of particles with energies above $10^{19.3}$...
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Arnau Aguasca-Cabot (Universitat de Barcelona - ICCUB - IEEC)21/07/2025, 18:05
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originate from explosions at cosmological distances, generating collimated jets. GRB 221009A, triggered on 9 October 2022, has been established as the brightest GRB to date. Its bright and long emission was extensively followed up from radio to gamma rays. LHAASO firmly detected the onset of the afterglow emission at energies up to ~13 TeV within about an hour after the...
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Biswajit Banerjee21/07/2025, 18:05
The Einstein Telescope (ET), the third generation of gravitational wave detector is aimed at advancing multi-messenger astrophysics with strong synergy between current and future generation electromagnetic follow-up facilities, focusing mainly on the transients. Typically, the prompt emission from Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is observed within the 10 keV-10 MeV spectrum. However, detection at...
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Justin Vandenbroucke (University of Wisconsin – Madison)21/07/2025, 18:05
The widely anticipated outburst of recurrent nova T Coronae Borealis (T CrB), which is near the end of its 80-year cycle, provides an excellent opportunity to search for neutrinos from novae. Novae are an energetic class of transients, which have been studied for hundreds of years. Because many of them are located nearby, novae provide an excellent astrophysical laboratory to study...
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Prof. Carlos Arguelles (Harvard University)21/07/2025, 18:05
Traditional searches for neutrino point sources have been hindered by the look-elsewhere effect. To address this, TAMBO will generate a catalog of neutrino source localizations - each localization equivalent in size to the square of TAMBO’s angular resolution. In doing so, TAMBO will have significantly reduced the available space to be searched by neutrino observatories, thus decreasing the...
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Alina Kochocki (Michigan State University)21/07/2025, 18:20
Recently, IceCube has observed an excess of astrophysical neutrinos from the Galactic plane. Such a signal may indicate the presence of individual sources or a diffuse neutrino flux from the interactions of local hadronic cosmic rays. We consider the prospect of neutrino production in galactic X-ray binary systems. A model for neutrino production in the variable jets of these systems is...
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Dr Fabian Schüssler (IRFU / CEA Paris-Saclay)21/07/2025, 18:20
The detection of transient phenomena such as Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs), stellar flares, novae, and supernovae—alongside novel cosmic messengers like high-energy neutrinos and gravitational waves—has transformed astrophysics in recent years. Maximizing the discovery potential of multi-messenger and multi-wavelength follow-up observations, as well as serendipitous...
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Abdulrahman Alhebsi (Khalifa University of Science and Technology)21/07/2025, 18:20
Various models were proposed to explain the observed spectrum and composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), but they remain inconclusive in constraining their source of origin. A significant neutrino event with an estimated energy between 72 PeV and 2.6 EeV was recently observed by the KM3NeT experiment (henceforth referred to as KM3-230213A). When interpreted as cosmogenic in...
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Tian-Qi Huang21/07/2025, 18:20
To optimize the design of High Energy Underwater Neutrino Telescope (HUNT) project, we have already almost finished the development of a super large Optical Module（OM）with 20 inch PMT and LED calibration module. Since 2023, we successfully deployed some prototypes in Lake Baikal and the South China sea respectively. This report will present the specific design of OM and LED module, and show...
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Monica Seglar-Arroyo (Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE))21/07/2025, 18:20
The recent detections of the afterglow phase of long gamma-ray bursts (lGRBs) at very high energies (VHE, >100 GeV) mark a significant advance in astrophysics of transient phenomena, offering deeper insights into the acceleration mechanisms, jet structure, and physical processes driving GRB emission. In the multi-messenger landscape, both high-energy neutrino and gravitational-wave detections...
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Pascal Oesch (University of Geneva, Department of Astronomy)22/07/2025, 09:00
The first deep images with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have transformed our view of the Universe. From day one, JWST produced one surprise after another: from unexpectedly luminous candidate galaxies at z>10, to an abundant, new class of obscured black holes, to massive quiescent galaxies when the Universe was only 1-2 Gyr old. With its unparalleled imaging and spectroscopic...
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Alexander Kappes (University Münster)22/07/2025, 09:30
The IceCube neutrino observatory has been successfully operating in its full configuration for almost 15 years and is characterized by a remarkably high stability and uptime. During this time, it has made many groundbreaking observations, such as the first detection of a high-energy diffuse cosmic neutrino flux or, more recently, the identification of the AGN NGC1068 as a steady source of...
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Dr Martin LEMOINE (APC (CNRS - U. Paris Cite))22/07/2025, 10:00
How magnetized turbulent plasmas can accelerate charged particles is a long-standing question dating back to the seminal work of Enrico Fermi in the late 1940s. Nowadays, it is often invoked to model the production of non-thermal particle spectra in a variety of astrophysical settings, including extreme, relativistic sources such as black hole accretion disks, pulsar wind nebulae, or...
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Joerg Jaeckel (ITP Heidelberg)22/07/2025, 11:00
Axions and ALPs are amongst the prime candidates for dark matter. Consequently there is a broad effort aiming for their detection. However, it is also worthwhile what we can learn beyond an initial detection. Can we establish whether it is a QCD axion and whether it consitutes most of the dark matter in the Universe? Can it serve as a probe for deep UV physics?
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Laura Baudis (University of Zurich (CH))22/07/2025, 11:30
The quest to uncover the nature of dark matter remains one of the central goals in astroparticle physics. A leading hypothesis is that dark matter is composed of new elementary particles, with possible masses and interaction cross sections spanning many orders of magnitude. Particles in the MeV to TeV mass range may leave observable signatures through rare scatters off atomic nuclei or...
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Dr Mauricio Bustamante (Niels Bohr Institute)22/07/2025, 13:20
The discovery of the first astrophysical sources of high-energy neutrinos by IceCube jump-started high-energy neutrino astronomy. To advance the field, we must increase the number of identified sources from a few to dozens. However, progress is currently limited by the relatively low detection rate of astrophysical neutrinos and restricted sky coverage of IceCube, the single kilometer-scale...
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Tianlu Yuan (University of Wisconsin Madison)22/07/2025, 13:20
The detections of rare events above 5 PeV by two neutrino telescopes highlights the existence of a neutrino flux at these energies. In over a decade of data taken by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, three events were detected and reconstructed to have energies above 5 PeV. More recently, the KM3NeT neutrino telescope announced their detection of a possible O(100 PeV) neutrino candidate. The...
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Qiang Yuan22/07/2025, 13:20
Extended very-high-energy gamma-ray emission from middle-aged pulsars as revealed recently by several groundbased gamma-ray experiments has strong implication on the transport of high-energy particles in the interstellar medium surrounding those pulsars. The gamma-ray emission is widely believed to be produced by high-energy electrons and positrons accelerated by the pulsar wind nebulae when...
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Zbigniew Plebaniak (INFN Rome and University of Rome, Tor Vergta, Italy)22/07/2025, 13:20
The JEM-EUSO (Joint Exploratory Missions for Extreme Universe Space Observatory) collaboration is an international initiative studying ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and related phenomena. These particles, with energies exceeding 10$^{20}$ eV, provide insights into extreme astrophysical processes but remain challenging to detect due to their low flux.
At the heart of JEM-EUSO's...
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Saqib Hussain22/07/2025, 13:20
We calculate the high-energy gamma-ray and neutrino emissions from galaxy clusters like Perseus that host active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our primary objective is to distinguish the emission from the central source, such as NGC1275, from the diffuse emission originating in the outskirts of the Perseus cluster. Due to unique magnetic-field configuration, CRs with energy ≤ 10^17 eV can be...
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Prof. Subir Sarkar (University of Oxford)22/07/2025, 13:20
When the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaks after inflation, domain walls will form at the QCD scale in the axion field if there is more than one quark charged under the symmetry (as in e.g. the DFSZ model). When destabilised by quantum gravity effects, the collapse of the wall network creates relativistic axions, which subsequently turn non-relativistic and contribute to cold dark matter....
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Cong Zhao (University of Science and Technology of China)22/07/2025, 13:20
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space-borne experiment that indirectly searches for dark matter by measuring the high-energy cosmic ray electrons/positrons (CREs) and gamma rays. The key sub-detector of DAMPE is the Electromagnetic CALorimeter (ECAL), which is designed for precise energy measurement with a large dynamic range from 5 GeV to 10 TeV. The ECAL consists of 308...
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Antonio Condorelli22/07/2025, 13:35
On the 13th February 2023 the KM3NeT/ARCA telescope observed a track-like event compatible with a ultra-high-energy muon with an estimated energy of 120 PeV, produced by a neutrino with an even higher energy, making it the most energetic neutrino event ever detected. The reported equivalent flux suggest the possible existence of a new diffuse component. A diffuse cosmogenic flux is expected...
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Ilaria Del Rosso (University of Bologna, INFN-Bo)22/07/2025, 13:35
Neutrino telescopes play a key role in multi-messenger astrophysics, providing unique insights into the still-unclear processes in our Universe and its active sources.
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With the goal of shedding light on these mysteries, the KM3NeT collaboration is deploying a deep-sea Cherenkov neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea.
It comprehends two detectors: identical in their design but... -
Matteo Battisti22/07/2025, 13:35
Mini-EUSO is the first space-borne detector of the JEM-EUSO (Joint Exploratory Missions for Extreme Universe Space Observatory) program, operating on the International Space Station (ISS) since October 2019. Mounted on the Zvezda module, Mini-EUSO observes the Earth's atmosphere through a nadir-facing UV-transparent window. The size of this window determines the optical system, which consists...
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Arul Bagga (on behalf of the ISS-CREAM Collaboration) (Sungkyunkwan University)22/07/2025, 13:35
The Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM) is designed to directly measure the energy spectra of high-energy cosmic rays, ranging from protons to iron nuclei, over the energy range of $\sim$$10^{12}$ to $\sim$$10^{15}$ eV. The goal of the instrument is to probe the origin, propagation and acceleration mechanisms of cosmic rays. The instrument comprises...
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Ian James Watson (University of Seoul)22/07/2025, 13:35
Axion-like particles (ALPs) are hypothetical pseudoscalar particles predicted in several extensions of the Standard Model. These particles have the potential to address both the dark matter problem and the strong CP problem. One method to detect ALPs is through the phenomenon of ALP-photon oscillation in the presence of magnetic fields. In high-energy astrophysics, ALP-photon oscillation can...
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Judit Pérez-Romero (Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology / University of Nova Gorica)22/07/2025, 13:35
Galaxy clusters are the most massive gravitationally bound structures in the Universe. Even if clusters are nearly virialized structures, they undergo merging processes, creating merging shocks, and suffer from feedback from galaxies and AGNs; causing complex turbulent motions and amplifying their magnetic fields. These processes act as acceleration mechanisms for the plasma of the...
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Shicong Hu (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)22/07/2025, 13:35
In this talk, we report the discovery of an extended very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray source around the location of the middle-aged (360 kyr) pulsar J1846+0919 with LHAASO. The source is detected with a significance of 7 σ for E>10 TeV assuming a Gaussian template. The best-fit position is (RA, Dec) = 281°.90±0°.21, 9°.44±0°.17, and the extension is 0°.88±0°.17. The spectrum can be described...
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Adrien Picquenot22/07/2025, 13:50
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a powerful tool to observe cosmic-ray electrons between 1 GeV and 20 TeV. Its 30 radiation-length calorimeter enables total containment of electron-induced showers up to TeV energies, yielding an energy resolution of ~2% for these events. The CALET all-electron spectrum obtained using the first 7.5 years of data closely matches the one produced by...
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Geoff Beck22/07/2025, 13:50
With the WIMP parameter space slowly being ruled out by experiments on all fronts, axions have become a highly studied alternative dark matter candidate. In this talk we present a particle physics model where the pion states of a dark copy of QCD have both axion and dilaton phenomenologies. This model allows for the formation of dilute axion stars over a far larger parameter space than allowed...
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Karim SABRI22/07/2025, 13:50
Pulsar halos are a recent class of extended very high-energy (VHE) sources discovered by the HAWC observatory towards the Geminga and Monogem pulsars. These VHE sources are interpreted as the inverse Compton emission from electrons and positrons diffusing in the interstellar medium at an inhibited rate, having escaped the pulsar wind nebula. Our aim is to search for new pulsar halos using...
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Mario Edoardo Bertaina22/07/2025, 13:50
Mini-EUSO is the first mission of the JEM-EUSO program on board the
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International Space Station. It was launched in August 2019 and it is operating since October 2019 being located in the Russian section (Zvezda module) of the station and viewing our planet from a nadir-facing UV-transparent window. The instrument is based on the concept of the original JEM-EUSO mission and consists of an... -
Meriem Bendahman22/07/2025, 13:50
The KM3NeT infrastructure is constructing two Cherenkov Neutrino detectors in the Mediterranean Sea: ARCA, optimised for high-energy cosmic neutrinos and located at 3450 m depth near Sicily, and ORCA, designed for neutrino oscillation studies at 2450 m depth off Toulon. Though still under construction, KM3NeT detectors are operational. An extremely-high-energy neutrino (hundreds of PeV)...
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ANGELINA PARTENHEIMER22/07/2025, 13:50
Although Cherenkov detectors of high-energy neutrinos in ice and water are often optimized to detect TeV-PeV neutrinos, they may also be sensitive to transient neutrino sources in the 1-100~GeV energy range. A wide variety of transient sources have been predicted to emit GeV neutrinos. In light of the upcoming IceCube-Upgrade, which will extend the IceCube detector's sensitivity down to a few...
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Jean-François Glicenstein (IRFU, CEA Paris-Saclay)22/07/2025, 13:50
In this contribution, we present a search for dark matter signatures from the Virgo Cluster using over 200 hours of observations with the H.E.S.S. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope Array. Galaxy clusters provide an ideal environment for investigating potential dark matter interactions, whether through particle decay or annihilation, which could generate a persistent flux of...
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Oindrila Ghosh (Stockholm University & the Oskar Klein Centre)22/07/2025, 14:05
Short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are some of the brightest transients in the universe. Heavy axion-like particles (ALPs) can be produced in the hot plasma of GRB fireballs and escape, transporting energy away the from the source. When they decay outside the source, we show that the resulting photon field is too rarefied to re-thermalize, effectively preventing the re-emergence of the fireball,...
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George Filippatos22/07/2025, 14:05
The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 2 (EUSO-SPB2) flew in May of 2023, marking an important step towards the observation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) and neutrino-induced showers from space. The ultimate goal of this endeavor is to complement ground-based detectors and achieve unprecedented exposure and nearly uniform full-sky coverage at the highest...
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Dr Silvia Manconi (Sorbonne University & LPTHE, Paris)22/07/2025, 14:05
Geminga is the first pulsar around which a remarkable TeV gamma-ray halo extending over a few degrees was discovered by MILAGRO, HAWC and later by H.E.S.S., and by Fermi-LAT in the GeV band. Similar emission has been detected for other middle-aged pulsars in their late evolution stages, and is most plausibly explained by inverse Compton scattering of CMB and interstellar photons by...
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Ellis Owen (RIKEN)22/07/2025, 14:05
The dominant mechanisms underlying the high-energy gamma-ray emission from galaxies vary with galaxy types. In starburst galaxies, a substantial component arises from neutral pion decays. These are driven by interactions of hadronic cosmic rays (CRs) accelerated in strong shocks associated with the star formation process and its end-products. Leptonic gamma-rays may also originate from...
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Sonia EL HEDRI22/07/2025, 14:05
Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), the collapse of supermassive stars, have a significant impact on the dynamics of galaxies but their underlying mechanism is still only partially understood. These phenomena, however, produce short and extremely intense neutrino bursts, which could be used to probe the dynamics of the CCSN cores. However, such neutrinos would be detected only for CCSNe...
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Timur Dzhatdoev22/07/2025, 14:05
The origin of the remarkable ultra high energy neutrino event KM3-230213A observed with the ARCA detector is still unclear. In particular, most galactic scenarios are excluded, and a persistent isotropic source is disfavored due to the non-observation of a similar event by the IceCube detector. We show that the neutrino causing the KM3-230213A event could have been produced in the blazar PKS...
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Raffaella Bonino22/07/2025, 14:05
Measuring the energy spectrum of cosmic electrons and positrons in the GeV - TeV energy range can provide crucial evidence for the existence of local sources, whether of astrophysical or exotic nature. Over the past years, measurements from different experiments have reported significant discrepancies, particularly at TeV energies, where uncertainties become more pronounced.
The latest...
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Dr Ran Huo (Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology)22/07/2025, 14:20
We report the GeoMagFilter database for modeling the angular-rigidity joint distribution of galactic cosmic rays on low Earth orbit caused by the shielding of geomagnetic field and the Earth atmosphere. We use a backtracing software which integrates the particle trajectory with eight order Runge-Kutta algorithm in the geomagnetic field described by the IGRF13 model. At every 10 degree in...
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Mr Egor Podlesnyi (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU))22/07/2025, 14:20
The blazar 3C 454.3 experienced a major flare in November 2010 making it the brightest $\gamma$-ray source in the sky of the Fermi-LAT. Motivated by the $3\sigma$ association of a $\gtrsim 290$ TeV muon neutrino IceCube170922A with an electromagnetic flare in TXS 0506+056 and noting that 3C 454.3 was $\sim 100$ times brighter than TXS 0506+056, we enquire what level of the neutrino flux we...
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Sara Porras Bedmar (Universitaet Hamburg)22/07/2025, 14:20
The cosmic background (CB) is defined as the isotropic diffuse radiation field with extragalactic origin found across the electromagnetic spectrum. Different astrophysical sources dominate the CB emission at different energies, such as stars in the optical or active galactic nuclei in x rays. Assuming that dark matter consists of axions or axionlike particles with masses on the order of...
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Johannes Eser (Columbia University)22/07/2025, 14:20
The POEMMA-Balloon with Radio (PBR) is a Ultra Long Duration Balloon payload scheduled for launch in Spring 2027 from Wanaka, New Zealand. It will circle over the Southern Ocean for a mission duration as long as 50 days, serving as a precursor to the dual satellite mission, Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA). The PBR mission represents a significant step towards...
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Wystan Benbow22/07/2025, 14:20
The growing number of starburst galaxies detected by the current generation of gamma-ray detectors has brought this class of objects to the forefront of cosmic-ray research. The VERITAS collaboration has performed very-high-energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) gamma-ray observations of a variety of starburst galaxies as part of a long-term program. The selection of these targets is based on either a high...
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Alicia Mand22/07/2025, 14:20
Core-collapse supernovae are of particular interest in multi-messenger astronomy due to their potential to accelerate cosmic rays and produce high-energy neutrinos. One such supernova is the recent SN2023ixf located in M101 (the Pinwheel Galaxy). It is the closest (6.4 Mpc) and brightest (B band magnitude 10.8) core-collapse supernova in nearly a decade. This supernova likely had a...
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Tina Wach (Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg)22/07/2025, 14:20
Pulsar halos are a recently identified class of TeV γ-ray sources, offering valuable insights into the evolution of pulsar systems at the highest energies. However, only a handful of such sources have been detected so far, making each new identification critical for understanding the properties of the population as a whole. We report the first detection of extended very-high-energy (VHE) γ-ray...
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Yu Luo (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)22/07/2025, 14:35
A major fraction of gamma-ray sources in the non-thermal universe are pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), which evolve rapidly and exhibit distinct morphological and spectral features at different evolutionary stages. LHAASO has identified dozens of TeV sources associated with pulsars, which are potential candidates for PWNe or halos. In this study, we use LHAASO data to investigate the relationship...
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Yuri Kovalev (Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy)22/07/2025, 14:35
Blazars have emerged as prominent sources of high-energy neutrinos, with multiple IceCube events linked to them in recent years. A growing body of observational evidence suggests that relativistic beaming is a crucial factor in neutrino emission from these extreme astrophysical accelerators. In this work, we conduct a statistical investigation of this connection by analyzing jet geometry,...
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Angela Zegarelli (Ruhr Universität Bochum (RUB))22/07/2025, 14:35
We present preliminary results for IceCat-2, the second public catalog of IceCat Alert Tracks, which plans to build and improve upon the first release, IceCat-1. The initial catalog included all real-time alerts issued since 2016, as well as events observed by IceCube since the start of full-detector data collection in 2011 that would have triggered an alert if the program had been in place at...
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Marina Manganaro22/07/2025, 14:35
The blazar OT 081 was detected only once in the very-high-energy gamma-rays range, by MAGIC and H.E.S.S. telescopes. The multiwavelength (MWL) data collected in that single opportunity, and reported in a recently published paper (Abe et al. 2025, "Multi-wavelength study of OT 081: broadband modelling of a transitional blazar"), show a challenging theoretical interpretation because of the high...
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Prof. Teresa Montaruli (Universite de Geneve (CH))22/07/2025, 14:35
The Terzina payload on board the NUSES space mission is being built in collaboration with TAS-I by GSSI, INFN and the University of Geneva. It is a Cherenkov Schmidt-Cassegrain compact telescope with effective focal length of 925 m and a camera focal assembly composed of 640 pixels (16 vertically x 40 horizontally) organized in 8x8 tiles produced by FBK with sensitive area 2.73 x 2.34...
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Dr Zhi-Cheng Tang (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)22/07/2025, 15:20
We present results over an 11-year Solar cycle of cosmic antiprotons in the rigidity range from 1.00 to 41.9 GV. The antiproton fluxes exhibit distinct properties. Compared with other cosmic elementary particle fluxes (proton, electron, and positron), the magnitude of the antiproton flux temporal variation is significantly smaller. A hysteresis between the antiproton fluxes and the proton...
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Julian Kuhlmann (Max-Planck-Institute for Physics)22/07/2025, 15:20
Blazars are promising candidates for astrophysical neutrino sources. Multi-messenger lepto-hadronic models based on proton–photon ($p\gamma$) interactions predict spectra that peak at high energies, whereas statistical searches often assume a power-law shape, emphasising lower energies. We investigate how these spectral assumptions impact neutrino--blazar associations by incorporating...
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Luca Orusa (Princeton University, Columbia University)22/07/2025, 15:20
The presence of slow diffusion regions as a possible explanation for extended TeV emission around pulsars such as Geminga, Monogem, and PSR J0622+3749, as well as for the X-ray filaments surrounding bow shock pulsar wind nebulae like the Guitar Nebula, PSR J2030+4415, and the Lighthouse Nebula, challenges the conventional understanding of the cosmic ray diffusion coefficient in the...
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Júlia Gouvêa Mamprim (Universidade de São Paulo)22/07/2025, 15:20
In this work, we investigate the Oscillating Asymmetric Dark Matter (OADM) model as a potential solution to the core-cusp problem, a well-known discrepancy between the predictions of the ΛCDM (Lambda Cold Dark Matter) cosmological model and the observed dark matter density profiles in dwarf spheroidal galaxies. While ΛCDM simulations typically predict a steep, cusp-like increase in dark matter...
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Dr Massimiliano Lincetto (U. Würzburg)22/07/2025, 15:20
The detection by the KM3NeT experiment of the ultra-high-energy event KM3-230213A marks a milestone in neutrino astrophysics. With an energy estimated at ~ 220 PeV, it is the most energetic cosmic neutrino observed to date, opening the question of its astrophysical origin. Blazars, among the most powerful cosmic accelerators, have been proposed as promising sources of both astrophysical...
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Junling CHEN (the University of Tokyo)22/07/2025, 15:20
Star-forming galaxies (SFGs) are considered to be an important component of the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) radiation observed in 0.1 -- 820 GeV, but their quantitative contribution has not yet been precisely determined. In this study, we aim to provide the currently most reliable estimate of the contribution of SFGs based on careful calibration with $\gamma$-ray...
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Walter Winter22/07/2025, 15:20
We investigate Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs) as potential sources of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs), motivated by recent associations between high-energy neutrinos and individual TDEs. A key challenge is bridging the gap between these few identified neutrino sources and a broader population of UHECR accelerators. Additionally, we assess the nuclear composition required to match UHECR...
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ALEJANDRA AGUIRRE-SANTAELLA (Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University)22/07/2025, 15:35
A number of studies assert that dark matter (DM) subhaloes without a baryonic counterpart and with an inner cusp always survive no matter the strength of the tidal force they undergo.
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In this work, we perform a suite of numerical simulations specifically designed to analyse the evolution of the circular velocity peaks ($V_\mathrm{max}$, and its radial value $r_\mathrm{max}$) of low-mass DM... -
Emma Kun (Ruhr University Bochum)22/07/2025, 15:35
In our recent paper, we demonstrated that the luminosity ratios of neutrinos and unabsorbed hard X-rays from the blazars TXS 0506+056 and GB6 J1542+6129 are consistent with neutrino production in a γ-ray obscured region near a central supermassive black hole. The X-ray flux appears to arise from reprocessed γ-ray emission with a flux comparable to that of the neutrinos. Similar neutrino–hard...
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Yuan LI22/07/2025, 15:35
There has been ongoing debate about the potential unconfirmed asymmetric structure of the diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission of the Geminga halo. In this work, we adhere to first principles, injecting and propagating individual cosmic ray (CR) electrons in 3D realizations of turbulent magnetic fields characterized by Kolmogorov turbulence and Bohm diffusion. The particle motion is governed by the...
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Antonio Condorelli22/07/2025, 15:35
The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remains an open questions in astrophysics. We explore two primary scenarios for the distribution of UHECR sources, assuming that their production rate follows either the cosmic star-formation-rate or stellar-mass density. By jointly fitting the UHECR energy spectrum and mass composition measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory above the...
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Christopher Eckner (University of Nova Gorica, Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology)22/07/2025, 15:35
More than a decade ago, the Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope unveiled the existence of two gigantic gamma-ray lobes known as the Fermi bubbles. While their origin is still unknown, various studies identified intricate spectral and morphological structures within the bubbles. One peculiar region, the cocoon, has recently been associated with gamma-ray...
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Jian Tian (INFN e Universita Roma Tor Vergata (IT))22/07/2025, 15:35
Cosmic rays inside the heliosphere interact with the solar wind and with the interplanetary magnetic field, resulting in a temporal variation of the cosmic ray intensity near Earth for rigidities up to a few tens of GV. Previous AMS results on proton and helium spectra showed that the two fluxes behave differently in time. In this contribution, the precision results of the light ions up to...
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Martina Marconi (INFN Genova - Università di Genova)22/07/2025, 15:35
On February 13, 2023, the KM3NeT/ARCA neutrino telescope detected an ultra-high-energy neutrino event, KM3-230213A, with an estimated energy of approximately 220 PeV — the most energetic neutrino ever observed. This unprecedented event marks a significant milestone in the field of astroparticle physics, offering new insights into the potential sources of these extreme astrophysical...
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Carsten Rott (University of Utah)22/07/2025, 15:50
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has detected evidence for TeV neutrinos from NGC 1068, a nearby Seyfert II galaxy. This discovery suggests that active galactic nuclei (AGN) may play a significant role as sources of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. Interestingly, the absence of the expected TeV gamma-ray flux indicates that these gamma-rays could be effectively obscured at their production...
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Jonathan Mauro (UCLouvain)22/07/2025, 15:50
On February 13th, 2023, the KM3NeT/ARCA telescope detected a neutrino candidate with an estimated energy in the hundreds of PeVs. We review the observation of this ultra-high-energy neutrino in light of observations above tens of PeV from the IceCube and Pierre Auger observatories. Furthermore, we discuss how the ultra-high-energy data were fit together with the IceCube measurements at lower...
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Susumu Inoue22/07/2025, 15:50
Cosmic ray (CR) hadrons with GeV-PeV energies are expected to reside in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) around the Milky Way (MW), having escaped from the Galactic disk, or injected in situ by satellite galaxies, large scale shocks due to Galactic winds, etc. In some cases, circumgalactic CRs (CGCRs) may play important thermal and dynamical roles in the evolution of galaxies, but observational...
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Pedro De la Torre Luque (Institute of theoretical physics (IFT-UAM))22/07/2025, 15:50
Recent observations of a variety of ionization tracers have revealed an unexpectedly high ionization rate in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ), that cannot be explained by ionization of cosmic rays. The current observations point to a source of particles that is very concentrated around the Galactic Center and should emit low energy ionizing particles (to avoid propagating too far away from the...
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Lioni-Moana Bourguinat22/07/2025, 15:50
Since the discovery of TeV halos around the Geminga and B0656+14 pulsars by the HAWC experiment in 2017, and around J0622+3749 by LHAASO in 2021, several theoretical efforts have been dedicated to understanding this source class. Surprisingly, the gamma-ray emission hints at a strong confinement of high-energy electron-positron pairs around the pulsar, which challenges our current...
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Allan Labrador22/07/2025, 15:50
SuperTIGER (Super Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder) is a large-area, balloon-borne cosmic-ray experiment designed to measure the galactic cosmic-ray abundances of elements from Z=10 to Z>30 at energies from $\sim$0.8 to $\sim$10 GeV/nuc. Measurements of ultra-heavy elements (Z>30) requires precise calibration from Z<30 elements, and we will report energy spectra at this meeting. ...
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Domenik Ehlert (Norwegian University of Science and Technology)22/07/2025, 15:50
We investigate ultra-fast outflows (UFOs) in active galactic nuclei (AGN) as potential sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), focusing on cosmic-ray nuclei, an aspect not explored previously. These large-scale, mildly-relativistic outflows are a common feature of AGN. We study the cosmic-ray spectrum and maximum energy attainable in these environments with 3D CRPropa simulations...
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Dimitrios Kantzas22/07/2025, 16:05
Astrophysical jets of powerful active galactic nuclei (AGN) have been recently put forward as promising probes of dark matter (DM) at the sub-GeV-mass scale. AGN launch relativistic jets that accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) to energies beyond the PeV scale. These CRs may interact with their surroundings, producing multiwavelength (MW) emission from radio to TeV γ rays. If DM consists of light...
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Lena Saurenhaus (Max Planck Institute for Physics)22/07/2025, 16:05
IceCube recently reported evidence for TeV neutrino emission from several nearby Seyfert galaxies, with the highest significance found for NGC 1068. The absence of TeV gamma rays suggests neutrino production in the AGN corona, which is opaque to high-energy photons. Assuming stochastic proton acceleration, we model the neutrino emission of a Seyfert galaxy as a function of its intrinsic X-ray...
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Giovanni Cozzolongo22/07/2025, 16:05
Pulsar associations constitute the most numerous class of Galactic TeV sources, with pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) and pulsar halos playing a crucial role in high-energy astrophysics. We build a population synthesis pipeline based on the COMPAS code to model stellar evolution and pulsar populations. Our framework tracks the evolution of pulsars through various PWN and pulsar halo stages,...
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Margherita De Toma (SISSA)22/07/2025, 16:05
The gravitationally lensed blazar PKS 1830-211 underwent a historically bright and unusually long-duration gamma-ray flaring episode in 2019/2021 with daily fluxes exceeding > $10^{-6}$ ph/cm$^2$/s for ~400 days, and daily peak fluxes (> $10^{-5}$ ph/cm$^2$/s) exceeding all prior flares observed by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope in the first 15...
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Glennys R. Farrar (New York University)22/07/2025, 16:05
Circumstantial evidence points to binary neutron star (BNS) mergers as the principal source of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UCRs), as will be briefly reviewed. This motivates trying to predict consequences of the BNS merger scenario for the UCR spectrum and composition, and also multi-messenger implications in particular gravitational wave-EHE neutrino coincidences. In this talk I will
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Tong Su (Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (CN))22/07/2025, 16:05
We present the precision measurements of daily cosmic electron fluxes in the rigidity range from 1.00 to 41.9 GV with 13.5 years data collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station from May 2011 to November 2024. The electron fluxes exhibit variations on multiple time scales. Recurrent electron flux variations with periods of 27 days, 13.5 days, and...
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Baobiao Yue22/07/2025, 16:05
The detection of Ultra-High-Energy (UHE) neutrinos offers a unique opportunity to unravel the mysteries surrounding the astrophysical origins of the universe’s most energetic cosmic rays. Radio detection promises significant advantages for detecting highly inclined air showers induced by UHE neutrinos, including a larger exposure range compared to particle detectors, which is due to minimal...
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Hannah Taylor Anderson (Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (US))22/07/2025, 16:20
Precision measurements by AMS reveal unique properties of cosmic charged elementary particles. In the absolute rigidity range ~60 to ~500 GV, the antiproton flux and proton flux have nearly identical rigidity dependence. This behavior indicates an excess of high energy antiprotons compared with secondary antiprotons produced from the collision of cosmic rays. More importantly, from ~60 to ~500...
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Mr Maxime REGEARD (APC - CNRS)22/07/2025, 16:20
The recent discovery of multi-TeV pulsed emission from Vela and PSR J1509-5850 represents a major breakthrough in pulsar physics. We present the latest findings from very high-energy (VHE) observations using the H.E.S.S. telescopes and discuss key similarities and differences in the emission properties of these two pulsars in the GeV and multi-TeV ranges, in relation to their main...
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Sara Porras Bedmar (Universitaet Hamburg)22/07/2025, 16:20
In standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmology, dark matter (DM) halos are teeming with numerous substructure, or subhalos, as a natural consequence of the way structure formation works in $\Lambda$CDM. If massive enough, both halos and subhalos host visible galaxies, while lighter ones would host no stars or gas at all and would remain dark (dark satellites). In this work, we have used Auriga - a set of...
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Dr Rostom Mbarek22/07/2025, 16:20
We present a generalized neutrino luminosity function for protons accelerated in the coronae of supermassive black holes (SMBH) in Seyfert-like galaxies, using NGC 1068 as a benchmark. The neutrino luminosity mainly depends on the coronal x-ray luminosity and SMBH mass. Our results suggest that the cosmologically-integrated neutrino luminosity could match the extragalactic diffuse IceCube...
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Tomislav Terzić22/07/2025, 16:20
Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) can have multiple consequences on very-high energy gamma rays’ emission, propagation, and detection, such as energy-dependent photon group velocity, photon instability, vacuum birefringence, and modified electromagnetic interaction. Depending on the underlying theoretical model, several of these effects can coexist. Nevertheless, in experimental tests of LIV,...
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Bing Theodore Zhang (Institute of high energy physics, CAS)22/07/2025, 16:20
We investigate the propagation of ultraheavy (UH) nuclei as ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). We show that their energy loss lengths at $\lesssim300$~EeV are significantly longer than those of protons and intermediate-mass nuclei, and that the highest-energy cosmic rays with energies beyond $\sim100$~EeV, including the Amaterasu particle, may originate from such UH-UHECRs. We derive...
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Claire Guépin-Detrigne (CNRS, LUPM)22/07/2025, 16:20
The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 2 (EUSO-SPB2) mission launched from Wanaka New Zealand on May 13 2023. The onboard Cherenkov Telescope (CT) was pointed just below Earth's horizon to conduct Target of Opportunity (ToO) observations, in order to follow up on possible sources of >10PeV neutrinos. For these observations, the earth is used as a tau-neutrino to...
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Dilraj Ghuman (Simon Fraser University)22/07/2025, 16:35
The Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment (P-ONE) is a cubic-kilometer scale neutrino telescope to be deployed in the northern Pacific Ocean off the West Coast of Canada. P-ONE will observe high-energy neutrinos using an array of kilometer tall mooring lines instrumented with P-ONE Optical Modules (P-OMs) which detect Cherenkov light from neutrino-induced secondary particles within the detector...
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Armando di Matteo (INFN Torino)22/07/2025, 16:35
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) have long been assumed to entirely consist of iron and/or lighter atomic nuclei, and this assumption has been hard-coded in a great deal of software for UHECR simulations and data analysis. However, in the last few years several authors have started questioning this assumption and entertaining the possibility that UHECRs might at least partly consist of...
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Dan Salazar-Gallegos22/07/2025, 17:04
Dwarf Spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are suspected dark matter (DM) dense astrophysical objects within our galactic neighborhood. DSphs are otherwise faint high-energy neutrino sources which makes them ideal dark matter targets. An early IceCube dark matter search toward dSphs was performed with an incomplete detector with 59 strings and 339.8 days of livetime. This updated analysis is performed...
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Roberto Iuppa (Universita degli Studi di Trento and INFN (IT))22/07/2025, 17:04
The development of next-generation cosmic-ray spectrometers requires a robust technological foundation to enable precise and high-sensitivity measurements. This work explores the technological advancements in superconducting magnets and pixel silicon-based trackers, focusing on their application in balloon-borne demonstrators as testbeds for future space missions. Balloon experiments offer a...
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Cheng LIU22/07/2025, 17:05
We report the discovery of an extended γ-ray source named LHAASO J0534+3535 with a significance of about 8 standard deviations for energy from TeVs to tens of TeVs. In addition to the γ-ray source detected by LHAASO, there is only one old supernova remnant candidate, G172.8+1.5, and two 4FGL GeV sources identified within a 4-degree radius of LHAASO J0534+3535. G172.8+1.5 is located in one of...
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Dr Kazumasa Kawata (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo (Japan))22/07/2025, 17:05
The Tibet AS$\gamma$ experiment, observing cosmic rays/gamma rays above a few TeV, is located at 4,300 m above sea level, in Tibet, China. The experiment is composed of a 65,700 m$^{2}$ surface air shower array and 3,400 m$^{2}$ underground water Cherenkov muon detectors. The surface air shower array is used for reconstructing the primary particle energy and direction, while the underground...
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Aswathi Balagopal V. (University of Delaware)22/07/2025, 17:07
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory utilizes the Cherenkov radiation emitted by charged secondary particles produced in interactions of neutrinos with ice nucleons to detect neutrino events. “Starting events”, where this interaction vertex is contained inside the detector volume, can be used to distinguish neutrinos from the dominant background of atmospheric through-going muons. We present the...
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Despina Karavola (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens)22/07/2025, 17:07
Non-jetted AGN exhibit hard X-ray emission with a power law spectrum above $\sim$2 keV, which is thought to be produced through Comptonization of soft photons by electrons and positrons (pairs) in the vicinity of the black hole. The origin and composition of this plasma source, known as the corona, is a matter open for debate.
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Our study focuses on the role of relativistic protons accelerated... -
Nhan Chau (IIHE, Brussels)22/07/2025, 17:19
The nature of Dark Matter is one of the important unresolved questions in fundamental physics. It is assumed in many Beyond Standard Model theories that dark matter candidates can have weak coupling to Standard Model (SM) particles. In heavy cosmological objects, like galaxies, the Sun, or the Earth, dark matter can be gravitationally accumulated in high abundance. Then, the DM can decay or...
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Alessandro Sotgiu22/07/2025, 17:19
The High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) is one of the scientific instruments onboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES-01) launched in February 2018. This lightweight and compact payload measures electrons in the 3-100 MeV energy range, protons between 30 and 250 MeV, and light nuclei up to a few hundred MeV per nucleon, using a calorimeter composed of plastic scintillators...
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Mr Seonghyeon Yu (Pennsylvania State University)22/07/2025, 17:20
The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory has identified three TeV gamma-ray sources in the DA 495 region, a complex area of the Galactic plane that includes the pulsar wind nebula candidate DA 495 and other sources. In this talk, I will present an updated analysis of the morphology and energy spectra of these sources using 2860 days of HAWC data processed with an improved...
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Mr Mohan Karthik22/07/2025, 17:20
The GRAPES-3 experiment, located at an altitude of 2200 metres in, Ooty, Southern India (11.4°N, 76.7°E, 2200 m a.s.l.), records extensive air showers in the TeV–PeV energy range using an array of 400 plastic scintillator detectors arranged in a hexagonal grid over an area of 25,000 m², along with a 560 m² muon detector made of proportional counters. The latter allows showers initiated by...
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Aswathi Balagopal V. (University of Delaware)22/07/2025, 17:22
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole detects neutrinos from the entire sky, both of astrophysical and atmospheric origin, via the Cherenkov light emitted when these neutrinos interact in the ice, giving rise to rapidly moving charged particles. Neutrino events with vertices contained within the detector volume are useful for studying the neutrino flavor ratio, as they allow for a...
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Chengchao Yuan (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY)22/07/2025, 17:22
This presentation covers recent results from the joint analysis of neutrino and electromagnetic cascade emissions from neutrino-coincident tidal disruption events (TDEs), using both an isotropic wind model and relativistic jets. We discuss constraints from Fermi gamma-ray upper limits on the size of the radiation zone and on the maximum energies of accelerated cosmic rays, and the resulting...
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Chiara Poirè (Università degli studi di Salerno)22/07/2025, 17:34
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are among the most compelling candidates for particle dark matter. These particles can be gravitationally captured by massive celestial bodies, such as the Sun, where they accumulate and, according to theoretical models, eventually self-annihilate into Standard Model particles, including neutrinos. Neutrino telescopes - large arrays of photo-sensors...
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Paul Coppin (Universite de Geneve (CH))22/07/2025, 17:34
Hadronic cross sections are one of the dominant sources of uncertainty for the measurement of Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) fluxes with calorimetric experiments. Refining these cross sections can serve as an important step towards obtaining a better understanding of GCR production and propagation. This work presents measurements of hadronic cross sections for protons and helium-4 using data from...
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Mr Huicai Li (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China)22/07/2025, 17:35
The LHAASO~J2018+3651 region is one of the brightest sources in the sky at TeV energies. Photons with energies up to ∼0.27 PeV from this region have been detected with the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) and here we present a detailed study of this region using more data from LHAASO. This analysis resolves the region into six sources: LHAASO~J2018+3641, LHAASO~J2019+3649,...
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Samuel Groetsch (University of Wisconsin-Madison)22/07/2025, 17:35
We present an updated catalog of TeV gamma-ray sources using data from the 5th reconstruction pass of data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC). In addition to improved reconstruction and nearly three years of additional data, this new catalog uses a systematic multi-source fitting procedure to model the data with much greater flexibility and accuracy. Besides including a...
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Ms Ronglan Li22/07/2025, 17:37
Tidal disruption events (TDEs), where stars are captured or tidally disrupted by supermassive black holes, are potential astrophysical sources of high-energy neutrinos. We report the discovery of a potential neutrino flare associated with ATLAS17jrp, which occurred 19 days after the onset of the X-ray emission and lasted 56 days. The best-fit spectrum of the neutrino flare follows a power law...
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Austin Lee Cummings (Pennsylvania State University)22/07/2025, 17:37
PUEO (the Payload for Ultra-high Energy Observations) is an Antarctic, balloon-borne experiment that aims to detect neutrinos above EeV energies primarily by searching for Askaryan radiation sourced from particle cascades induced by interactions within the ice. At the highest energies, neutrinos predominantly undergo charged-current interactions, producing high energy charged leptons which can...
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Martin Jan Losekamm (Technische Universitaet Muenchen (DE))22/07/2025, 17:49
The RadMap Telescope is a compact instrument designed to characterize the primary spectrum of cosmic-ray nuclei and the secondary radiation field created by their interaction with the shielding of spacecraft. Its main purpose is to precisely monitor the radiation exposure of astronauts, and it is the first instrument with a compact form factor that can measure both the charge and energy of...
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Polina Kivokurtseva22/07/2025, 17:49
Recent multi-messenger observations suggest that high-energy neutrinos may be produced close to central black holes in active galaxies. These regions may host dark-matter (DM) spikes, where the concentration of DM particles is very high. Here we explore the contribution of the DM annihilation to the target photons for the neutrino production, proton-photon interactions, estimate the associated...
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Jean Ballet (AIM, CEA Saclay)22/07/2025, 17:50
The current Fermi-LAT source catalog (4FGL-DR4: 7194 sources over 14 years) was built incrementally from the 8-year catalog by adding newly discovered sources but keeping the positions of existing sources fixed. Now, after 16 years (reached in August 2024) there are twice as many data as used in the original 4FGL catalog, enabling much more precise source positions. It is thus time to...
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Mr Ramiro Torres-Escobedo (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)22/07/2025, 17:50
The High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) collaboration reported the emission of two extended sources, HESS J1857+027 and HESS J1858+020, with no known counterparts with an approximate separation of 1 degree. However, in the 3HWC catalog, the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) collaboration reported the emission of 3HWC J1857+027. We present a multi-source fitting analysis of the HESS...
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Philipp Windischhofer (University of Chicago (US))22/07/2025, 17:52
Radio detection is the most promising experimental strategy to study the extremely low flux of EeV-scale neutrinos from the cosmos. Neutrinos interacting in the polar ice sheets produce electromagnetic radiation through the Askaryan mechanism, which is detectable at long distances by radio antenna arrays embedded in the ice. While Askaryan radio emission from neutrinos has yet to be observed,...
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Zsuzsanna Marka22/07/2025, 17:52
Gravitational-wave events from mergers of compact objects, both binary black holes and mergers including at least one neutron star, are a predicted source of high-energy neutrinos. In addition to their electromagnetic counterparts, particles accelerated during the compact object coalescence may also interact to produce high-energy neutrinos. The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration sends candidate...
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Juan Emmanuel Rosas Trujillo (Laboratorio Internacional de Partículas Elementales, Departamento de Física, DCeI, CL. UGTO)22/07/2025, 18:04
Cosmic rays are an abundant, and not complete known, natural source of ionizing and photonizing radiation from outer space, where multiple techniques have been invented to detect and study them. In order to detect and study them, we planned, designed and simulated a detection system consisting of two identical detectors based on cylindrical transparent acrylic rods of $20\, cm$ high and...
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Jeffrey Lazar22/07/2025, 18:04
Although dark matter (DM) comprises 85% of the matter content of the Universe, its nature remains unknown. One broad class of particle DM motivated by extensions of the Standard Model (SM) is weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). Generically, WIMPs will scatter off nuclei in large celestial bodies such as the Sun, thus becoming gravitationally bound. Subsequently, WIMPs can annihilate...
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Tobias Kai Kleiner22/07/2025, 18:05
HESS J1857+026 remains a mysterious gamma-ray emitter since its discovery in 2008. Despite the disclosure of a nearby pulsar and multiple studies in the high-energy (HE, E > 100 MeV) and very-high-energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) regimes, there have been no confirmed counterparts (e.g., an SNR shell or other extended structure) in X-ray or other wavelengths. We present the result of our study of the...
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Christopher Eckner (University of Nova Gorica, Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology)22/07/2025, 18:05
Over the past 16 years, the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has significantly advanced our view of the GeV gamma-ray sky, yet several key questions remain - such as the nature of the isotropic diffuse background, the properties of the Galactic pulsar population, and the origin of the GeV excess towards the Galactic Centre. Addressing these challenges requires sophisticated astrophysical...
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Prof. Yufeng Li (Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing)22/07/2025, 18:07
Atmospheric neutrinos play a dual role in particle physics: they are crucial signals for studying neutrino oscillations and serve as significant backgrounds in searches for the diffuse supernova neutrino background, proton decay, dark matter, and other rare processes. To address unresolved questions in neutrino oscillation physics and to identify rare events, precise predictions of atmospheric...
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Frank Schroeder (Bartol Research Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware; and Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)22/07/2025, 18:07
IceCube-Gen2 is a proposed neutrino observatory at the South Pole that will build on the success of IceCube and will also serve as a unique detector for cosmic-ray air showers.
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Analogous to the IceTop surface array over IceCube’s deep optical detector, IceCube-Gen2 will also feature a surface array above an optical array deep in the ice. As improvement over IceTop, the IceCube-Gen2 surface... -
Adriana Bariego-Quintana (IFIC, Valencia.)22/07/2025, 18:19
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMP) are interesting dark matter (DM) candidates because they exhibit the usual DM properties (such as being non-relativistic and electrically neutral), while having the advantage of weakly interacting with Standard Model particles, which makes them detectable in principle. When DM decays or annihilates, neutrinos are produced. Therefore, an indirect...
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Shoukat Ali (University of Kansas)22/07/2025, 18:22
The radio-frequency emissions produced by particle showers on Earth, resulting from cosmic rays (CRs) and neutrinos originating from highly energetic sources, share significant similarities, enabling radio detectors initially designed for ultra-high energy neutrino (UHE-$\nu$) searches to also study CRs. The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA), an experiment currently operating within the ice at the...
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Benjamin Ryan Safdi23/07/2025, 09:00
The microscopic nature of dark matter is one of the greatest mysteries of modern science. On the other hand, the best-motivated particle dark matter candidates will be definitively probed in the coming years by a combination of laboratory and astrophysical probes. In this review I will focus on present-day and near future efforts to use astrophysical observations, for example in the gamma-ray...
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Dmitriy Khangulyan23/07/2025, 09:45
Microquasars are jetted binary systems composed of an accreting compact object—typically a black hole—and a donor optical star. They exhibit bright emission across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, with prominent non-thermal leptonic components, particularly in the radio and soft gamma-ray bands. However, their contribution to the Galactic cosmic-ray spectrum remains unclear. Recent...
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Dr Tanguy Pierog (Institute of Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany)23/07/2025, 11:00
Before the start of CERN in 1954, cosmic rays (CR) were the main source of high energy particles leading to the discovery of anti-matter, muons and first mesons. Then particle accelerators provided controlled environments for studying high-energy particle interactions, producing precise data leading to the development of the Standard Model. These data were used early-on to create models to...
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Dr Matt Nicholl (Queen’s University Belfast)23/07/2025, 11:30
Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are high-amplitude, soft X-ray flares that repeat on timescales of hours-days, and have been discovered recently in the nuclei of some galaxies. These remarkable and mysterious repeating transients are thought to be associated with the supermassive black holes in these galaxies. QPEs have could provide powerful new constraints on accretion physics (if caused by...
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Lorenzo Stefanuto (University of Turin)23/07/2025, 13:20
In this talk, we present our study of the cosmic antiproton and antideuteron fluxes produced by the evaporation of galactic primordial black holes (PBHs). The antimatter production spectra were obtained using our modified version of the BlackHawk code, which incorporates a state‐of‐the‐art Wigner function coalescence model for antideuteron formation. The propagation of these fluxes throughout...
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Dr Hitoshi Oshima (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo)23/07/2025, 13:20
The TA Low-energy Extension (TALE) experiment extends the reach of the TA experiment on the low-energy side to below $10^{16}$ eV. A primary objective of TALE is to study the transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays. The TALE detector is a hybrid observatory composed of fluorescence telescopes and a surface detector array of scintillation counters. The surface detectors are...
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Sebastian Achim Mueller (Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics)23/07/2025, 13:20
Imaging with Cherenkov telescopes was a breakthrough for gamma ray astronomy. However, by pushing Cherenkov telescopes to ever higher precision and ever larger sizes our upcoming generation of telescopes has reached the intrinsic limits of imaging itself. Aberrations limit our field-of-view and the angular resolution in the gamma-ray sky. The square-cube-law escalates the costs to construct...
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Laura Olivera Nieto (Max-Planck Institut für Kernphysik)23/07/2025, 13:20
Microquasars have been shown to be capable to accelerate particles to energies well above 100~TeV. The reported presence of hadronic particles in their jets makes them one of the most convincing PeVatron candidates. Their proximity to Earth allows detailed studies of their morphology, providing unique laboratories for the study of particle acceleration in jets. The LHAASO Observatory has...
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YAGO LEMA CAPEANS23/07/2025, 13:20
We report on the search for ultra-high-energy neutrinos from the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) using Surface Detector (SD) data from Phase One of the Pierre Auger Observatory (2004–2021). A total of 570 GRBs occur within the most neutrino-sensitive field of view of the SD, considering both Earth-skimming and downward-going detection channels. For this purpose, GRB neutrino...
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Emily Simon23/07/2025, 13:20
Neutrinos provide unambiguous evidence of cosmic-ray (CR) acceleration in supernova remnants (SNRs), as they are produced exclusively in hadronic interactions. Detecting neutrinos from a SNR would offer direct confirmation of CR proton interactions and energy distributions. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive survey of Galactic SNRs to identify the most promising hadronic candidates. For...
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Antonio Marinelli (Università di Napoli, Federico II)23/07/2025, 13:20
The diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux measured in the very high energy range introduced unresolved issues about the origin of these events and underlined as a viable solution the multi-component scenario. Recent studies show that galaxies with high star formation rate (above teens Mo/year) can be responsible of a seizable fraction of the observed astrophysical flux. Despite their low...
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Dr Houbing Jiang (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese)23/07/2025, 13:35
Primordial Black Holes~(PBHs) are hypothetical black holes with a wide range of masses that formed in the early universe. As a result, they may play an important cosmological role and provide a unique probe of the early universe.
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A PBH with an initial mass of approximately $10^{15}$~g is expected to explode today in a final burst of Hawking radiation. In this work, we conduct an all-sky... -
Samy Kaci (Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)23/07/2025, 13:35
We have shown in [1] that at ultra-high-energy (UHE) the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission is very patchy, due to the short residence time of cosmic rays in the Galaxy and the scarcity of Galactic PeVatrons. However, such a patchiness remains hard to firmly attribute to the diffuse component of the Galactic emission due to the presence of a population of unresolved pulsars whose contribution...
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Kozo Fujisue23/07/2025, 13:35
The surface detector (SD) array of the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, covering an area of 700 km$^2$ with 507 plastic scintillators, observes ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). In this presentation, we discuss the evaluation of various systematic uncertainties in the cosmic ray energy spectrum measured by the TA SD array, including those arising from the choice of hadronic interaction...
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Clara Elisabeth Leitgeb (Humboldt University of Berlin (DE))23/07/2025, 13:35
Ground based gamma ray measurements with IACTs suffer from irreducible backgrounds from a specific type of cosmic-ray induced air showers. These air showers are characterized by a large electromagnetic component which is mostly due to highly energetic neutral pions produced in the primary interaction of cosmic rays with atmospheric nuclei. Current event generators that model these hadronic...
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Abby Bishop (University of Wisconsin - Madison)23/07/2025, 13:35
The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is a five-station, in-ice radio detector located at the South Pole searching for particle cascades from cosmogenic and astrophysical neutrinos with >1e17 eV of energy. Cascades in this energy regime emit radio-wavelength Askaryan radiation that can be observed by one or more ARA stations. With the recent Km3Net observation of an approximately 2e17 eV neutrino,...
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Tian-Qi Huang23/07/2025, 13:35
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) observed a giant $\gamma$-ray bubble from the direction of the Galactic star-forming region Cygnus-X. The morphology and the energy spectrum of the bubble suggest that these $\gamma$-rays are correlated to the interactions between cosmic rays and gas clumps, indicating the expectation of an extended neutrino counterpart. Using public...
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Cong Li (The Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2025, 13:35
The detection of very high-energy (VHE) and ultra-high-energy (UHE) emissions associated with micro-quasars has unveiled a new class of powerful particle accelerators. The particles are suggested to be accelerated within their jets or surrounding environments. Cygnus X-1 and Cygnus X-3 are two prominent micro-quasars located in the Cygnus region. Significant efforts have been dedicated to...
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Chisato Koyama (ICRR, The University of Tokyo)23/07/2025, 13:50
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment has been observing extensive air showers (EAS) induced by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECR) since 2008. The TAx4 upgrade aims to expand the detection area of TA at the highest energies to four times its original size with 500 additional surface detectors (SD) with the nearest neighbor spacing extended from 1.2km to 2.08km. Half of the new detectors were...
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Felix Schlüter23/07/2025, 13:50
The Radio Neutrino Observatory Greenland (RNO-G) is searching for Askaryan radio signals from ultra-high-energy neutrinos ($E \ge 100\,$PeV) interacting in ice. RNO-G is currently under construction near the apex of the Greenland ice sheet with 8 stations already operational and collecting science data. The constructed observatory will consist of 35 autonomously operating stations deployed...
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Prof. Foteini Oikonomou (NTNU)23/07/2025, 13:50
Very high-energy gamma-ray emission from the microquasar V4641 Sgr with energy up to beyond 100 TeV has been recently detected with the H.E.S.S., HAWC, and LHASSO observatories. The gamma-ray emission reveals a puzzling 200-parsec-long structure significantly misaligned with its radio jet. We propose that this gamma-ray structure is produced by high-energy cosmic-ray particles escaping from...
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Paul Chong Wa Lai (University College London)23/07/2025, 13:50
The centre of the Milky Way hosts the most massive and dense clouds of molecular hydrogen gas in our Galaxy. The inferred star formation efficiency at the Galactic Centre is however surprisingly low given the large gas reservoir. Yet the huge uncertainty in the measurement makes the comparison between observations and theories difficult. Measurements of the gas density based on different mass...
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Tomohiro Inada (Kyushu University (JP))23/07/2025, 13:50
FASER (the Forward Search Experiment) is a compact detector located about 480 m downstream of the ATLAS interaction point at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It is designed to explore new Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics by searching for light, weakly interacting, and long-lived particles (LLPs) produced in the far-forward region. This unique setup—shielded by approximately 100 m of...
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Alejandra Maria Granados Hernandez (Michigan State University)23/07/2025, 13:50
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, located at the South Pole, covers a cubic kilometer of Antarctic ice, designed to detect astrophysical neutrinos in the TeV-PeV energy range. While IceCube has recently identified a diffuse flux of neutrinos originating from the Galactic Plane, specific sources of astrophysical neutrinos within the Milky Way remain elusive. Hadronic gamma-rays, produced...
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Quentin LUCE (Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay (France))23/07/2025, 13:50
The current generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs: HESS, VERITAS and MAGIC) has led to a renaissance in the use of stellar intensity interferometry for sub-milliarcsecond optical astronomy. This technique, used over distances of O(100 m) between telescopes, enabled the measurement of stellar radii on the order of a few hundred micro-arcseconds with a ~10% resolution...
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Matheus Genaro Dantas Xavier (Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg)23/07/2025, 14:05
A fundamental challenge for observations with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes is the treatment of the dominant background of cosmic-ray initiated air showers. Traditional frequentist methods for signal estimation rely on gamma-hadron separation cuts to remove a large fraction of background events (reducing the efficiency of gamma-ray detection). In this work we adopt and extend a...
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SAMUEL HORI23/07/2025, 14:05
Gamma-ray bright active galactic nuclei (AGN) have been one of the most promising source classes of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos detected by IceCube. The first evidence of an IceCube point source was a blazar detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), TXS 0506+056. Previous analyses have ruled out GeV-bright blazars as the predominant contributor to the high-energy astrophysical...
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Samy Kaci (Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)23/07/2025, 14:05
Recently, LHAASO published its measurement of the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission in the $\rm{TeV}-\rm{PeV}$ range, which seemed to be $2$ to $3$ times higher than theoretical expectations. To explain the apparent discrepancy, an important contribution from a population of unresolved pulsars or important spatial variations in the cosmic-ray density have been proposed. We show through a...
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Matteo Pais (INAF - Osservatorio astronomico di Padova (OAPD))23/07/2025, 14:05
The death of massive stars is accompanied by the formation of central and accreting compact objects and the subsequent launch of relativistic jets. However, not all jets successfully drill their way out of the stellar envelope, which would result in gamma-ray emission. Unsuccessful jets, also known as choked jets, might still produce radiation at lower frequencies by dissipating the jet energy...
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Zbigniew Plebaniak (INFN Rome and University of Rome, Tor Vergta, Italy)23/07/2025, 14:05
SQM-ISS is a detector that will look for massive particles among cosmic rays from the International Space Station. Some of these candidates include strange quark matter, Q-balls, lumps of fermionic exotic compact stars, primordial black holes, mirror matter, Fermi balls and others. These compact and dense objects are expected to be much heavier than normal nuclei, to travel at speeds typical...
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Brian Clark (University of Maryland)23/07/2025, 14:05
The Radio Neutrino Observatory in Greenland (RNO-G) is located at Summit Station and is designed to detect Askaryan emission from ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos above 100 PeV. The detector is proposed to have 35 stations of which 8 have been built so far. Each station is made up of antennas that are buried at a depth of 100 meters with the purpose of triggering on and reconstructing...
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Francesco Salamida23/07/2025, 14:05
The Pierre Auger -Telescope Array joint working group on the UHECR energy spectrum was established in 2012 to analyze energy scale uncertainties in both experiments and to investigate their systematic differences, particularly in the spectral shape of the flux measurements. Previous studies have indeed shown that, within systematic uncertainties, the energy spectra measured by the two...
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Tjark Miener (Universite de Geneve (CH))23/07/2025, 14:20
Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) detect extended air showers (EASs) generated when very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays or cosmic rays interact with the Earth's atmosphere. Cherenkov photons produced during an EAS are captured by fast-imaging cameras, which record both the spatial and temporal development of the shower, along with calorimetric data. By analyzing these recordings,...
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Ms Tanima Mondal (IIT Kharagpur, India)23/07/2025, 14:20
Binary neutron star (BNS) mergers are the source of most ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays, making them key astrophysical events for multi-messenger studies. The joint detection of gravitational waves (GW170817 by GW detectors) along with spatially coincident short gamma-ray burst (sGRB) GRB170817A has established a clear connection between BNS mergers and sGRBs. In our recent study, we investigate...
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Diego Ravignani23/07/2025, 14:20
We present the spectrum of cosmic rays with energies above 2.5 EeV measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory after 19 years of operation, covering the period before the AugerPrime upgrade. Two independent event sets from the surface array of 1500 m-spaced detectors are combined, yielding a total exposure of approximately 100,000 km² sr yr. The first set includes events with zenith angles less...
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Marouane Benhassi (University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli (Italy))23/07/2025, 14:20
In this contribution, a search for neutrino emission from the Central
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Molecular Zone (CMZ) and the Cygnus Cocoon is presented exploiting
KM3NeT/ARCA capabilities. The CMZ extends for a few hundred par-
secs around the Galactic center, containing the massive molecular clouds
Sgr A, Sgr B, and Sgr C. The Cygnus Cocoon is a massive star-forming
region of a few hundred parsecs in the... -
256. Results of the historical observations of the microquasar Cygnus X-3 with the MAGIC telescopes.Luis Barrios Jiménez (IAC, ULL)23/07/2025, 14:20
Cygnus X-3 is a microquasar consisting of a compact object of unknown nature and a Wolf-Rayet star, which orbit each other with a very short period of 4.8 hours. The compact object launches powerful jets that are an excellent site for particle acceleration up to relativistic energies. The presence of these relativistic particles, combined with the proximity to the star and its high luminosity,...
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Jonas Häußler (RWTH Aachen University | IceCube Collaboration)23/07/2025, 14:20
Magnetic monopoles are beyond standard model particles, predicted by Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) to be created during the early universe. At typical masses of the GUT-scale - above $10^{14}$ GeV - these particles would move at sub-relativistic speeds. The Rubakov-Callan effect predicts that magnetic monopoles can catalyze nucleon decays, in particular the decay of protons. This results in a...
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Christoph Raab23/07/2025, 14:20
The origin of the diffuse TeV-PeV neutrino flux observed by IceCube is largely unknown. To help decipher its astrophysical origin, we propose an IceCube analysis that conducts follow-up searches for GeV neutrinos associated with neutrino events above 60 TeV, which are known to have a high probability to be of astrophysical origin. This effort aligns with one of IceCube’s current priorities to...
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Ms MARIAM HASAN (IHEP)23/07/2025, 14:35
The study of gamma-ray binaries using LHAASO data provides crucial insights into high-energy astrophysics. These binaries, consisting of a massive star and a compact object, emit radiation primarily in the MeV to TeV range. LHAASO’s sensitivity enables detailed observations of key sources, including HESS J0632+057, PSR J2032+4127, GRS 1915+105, SS 433 (w1 & e1), and LS I +61 303, each...
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James Rodi23/07/2025, 14:35
Recent works have proposed that high-energy neutrinos from active galactic nuclei can be explained by proton interactions close to the supermassive black hole, often in the corona. In the case of NGC 1068, model constraints from electromagnetic observations have come from Fermi/LAT observations in the GeV energy range. All of these models predict emission down to hard X-rays that is...
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Jarred Green23/07/2025, 14:35
Deep learning techniques have continued to evolve and find novel applications across scientific disciplines, and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a high-performance architecture particularly suited for datasets with irregular topology. The MAGIC Telescope, comprising a pair of 17 m Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) located at Roque de Los Muchachos Observatory in La...
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Jihyun Kim23/07/2025, 14:35
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are extremely energetic charged particles that originate from outer space. The Telescope Array (TA) experiment, the largest UHECR observatory in the Northern Hemisphere, has provided high-precision measurements of the cosmic ray energy spectrum due to its stable operation and efficient data collection. These measurements have revealed three significant...
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Dave Kieda, Simon Filbert (University of Utah)23/07/2025, 15:19
Abstract: The VERITAS Stellar Intensity Interferometer (VSII) uses an intensity interferometric technique to measure the angular extent of stellar envelopes of hot (OBA) stars and binary systems. VSII has previously demonstrated the ability to reconstruct the sub-milliarcsecond angular diameters of individual stellar photospheres (eps Ori, bet CMa, bet Uma) with a precision better than 5%....
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Zhou Zhizhen23/07/2025, 15:20
We present the development and performance of a novel 2-inch low-background R12699 PMT for the next-generation xenon detectors. Developed through collaboration between the PandaX team and Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., this PMT exhibits low radioactivity, with approximately 0.08 mBq/PMT for $^{60}$Co and 0.06 mBq/PMT for the $^{238}$U late chain, achieving a 15-fold reduction compared to R11410 PMT...
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Dr Mathieu JACOBE DE NAUROIS (Laboratoire Leprince Ringuet IN2P3/CNRS - Ecole Polytechnique)23/07/2025, 15:20
LS 5039 is a High Mass X-ray Binary (HMXRB) comprising a compact object in an eccentric 3.9 day orbit around a massive O6.5V star. It is one of the most studied object in the field. A first HESS publication in 2004 established multi-TeV emission from the system (first ever TeV binary system). A second publication in 2006 , based on a deeper data set of ∼ 70h of observation, established the TeV...
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Lilly Pyras (University of Utah)23/07/2025, 15:21
The IceTop array at the surface of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory measures extensive air showers produced by cosmic-ray particles with energies from PeV up to EeV, covering the transition region from galactic to extragalactic sources. This contribution presents significant improvements that will enhance the measurement of the IceTop energy spectrum. (I) To analyze more than a decade of data...
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Alberto Bonollo23/07/2025, 15:21
While Supernova Remnants (SNRs) are widely considered the primary accelerators of cosmic rays (CRs) up to hundreds of TeV, they struggle to account for the CR flux at PeV energies, suggesting the existence of additional PeVatrons. Observations from LHAASO have identified several PeVatron candidates, including some SNRs, pulsar wind nebulae, TeV halos and young massive star clusters (YMSCs)....
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Shih-Hao Wang (Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taiwan)23/07/2025, 15:22
TAROGE-M comprises autonomous radio antenna arrays operating at 180--450 MHz frequencies on top of ~2.7 km-high Mt. Melbourne in Antarctica, designed to detect near-horizontal ultra-high-energy (UHE) air showers with energies >0.3 EeV. The primary goal is to detect more of the so-called ANITA anomalous events — air-shower-like events from below the horizon, which cannot be explained by tau...
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Irene Jiménez Martínez (Max Planck Institute for Physics)23/07/2025, 15:34
Along with their gamma-ray observations at very high energies (VHE, 20 GeV - 100 TeV), the two 17-m MAGIC telescopes (at Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma, Spain) have also been utilized as an optical stellar intensity interferometer (SII) for the last six years. The calibration and validation of the setup, alongside the first measurement of the stellar angular diameter of 13...
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Ms yang liu23/07/2025, 15:35
This study presents the design of a cryogenic electronics system intended for use in liquid-xenon dark matter detectors. In conventional cryogenic experiments, analog signals are transmitted from low-temperature detectors to room-temperature electronics via coaxial cables and multiple feedthroughs. As the scale of detectors increases, the growing number of signal channels complicates...
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Anne Duerr (University of Utah)23/07/2025, 15:36
The binary LS I +61$^{\circ}$ 303 was discovered as a gamma ray emitter nearly fifty years ago and has since been the subject of extensive observations across the electromagnetic spectrum. Composed of a primary Be star and a neutron star, LS I +61$^{\circ}$ 303 exhibits complex periodic behavior and variability from radio wavelengths to very-high-energy gamma rays (VHE, E>100 GeV), with...
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Matthieu Heller (Universite de Geneve (CH))23/07/2025, 15:36
An international collaboration composed of Italian, Japanese, Spanish and Swiss institutes, is developing the advanced camera (AdvCam), the next-generation camera for Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes, designed specifically for the Large-Sized Telescopes (LST) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory. AdvCam incorporates cutting-edge Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) and a fully...
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525. The Cosmic Ray Event Spectrum in the Knee Region measured by the NICHE Array at Telescope ArrayDouglas Bergman (University of Utah)23/07/2025, 15:36
The NICHE array at Telescope Array is a non-imaging Cherenkov light detector situated close to the Telescope Array Middle Drum fluorescence detector site. It has been operating since September 2017. Data collected between June 2020 and July 2024 has been analyzed and we will present the energy spectrum of the cosmic rays observed. The threshold energy of the detector is about 1 PeV and the...
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Ms Lene van Rootselaar (TU Dortmund University)23/07/2025, 15:37
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a cubic-kilometre detector embedded in the glacial ice of the South Pole, is designed to detect neutrinos across a broad energy range, from a few GeV to several PeV. This enables precise measurements of the neutrino energy spectrum, comprising the diffuse astrophysical flux, the conventional atmospheric flux from pion and kaon decays, and the not yet detected...
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Aramis Raiola (Universite de Geneve (CH))23/07/2025, 15:49
The MAGIC telescopes are two imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) located at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (La Palma, Spain). Many observations performed with a high night-sky background have been dedicated to stellar intensity interferometry (SII), since very-high-energy (VHE, 20 GeV - 100 TeV) gamma-ray observations have reduced sensitivity during these periods. The...
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Andrea MOLINARIO (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica)23/07/2025, 15:50
In rare events experiments, such as those devoted to the direct search of dark matter, a precise knowledge of the environmental gamma and neutron backgrounds is crucial for the design of appropriate shieldings. The neutron component is often poorly known due to the lack of a scalable detector technology for the measurement of low-flux neutron spectra in a short time.
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Thanks to their high... -
Yutaka Ohira (The University of Tokyo)23/07/2025, 15:51
HAWC and LHASSO reported very high energy (VHE) gamma rays with energies exceeding 100 TeV from five Galactic black hole binaries. The spatial extent of the VHE gamma rays is several tens of pc, which is much larger than the size of a black hole binary system. Some black hole binaries have different gamma-ray spectra, some of which are steeper than predicted by the standard shock acceleration...
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Shoushan Zhang23/07/2025, 15:51
The Large High-Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) is a hybrid detector experiment, including one square kilometer array of scintillator detectors and muon detectors, a 78,000 square meter water Cherenkov detector array and 18 wide field of view Cherenkov telescopes. This multi-parameter observation of air showers enables LHAASO to measure the energy spectrum and composition of individual...
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Dr Leonid Burmistrov (University of Geneva)23/07/2025, 15:51
The AdvCam is a next-generation camera for the Large-Sized Telescopes of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, based on silicon photomultipliers. Its fully digital readout system enables the design of new, sophisticated trigger logic.
The Large-Sized Telescopes aim to cover the low-energy range of the cosmic gamma-ray spectrum, with a threshold starting at about 20 GeV, using the...
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Alfonso Lazo (IFIC-Universitat de València)23/07/2025, 15:52
KM3NeT/ORCA is a water-Cherenkov neutrino telescope currently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea, aimed at measuring atmospheric neutrino oscillations and determining the neutrino mass ordering. The detector consists of a three-dimensional array of detection units, each equipped with 18 digital optical modules, which house 31 photomultiplier tubes. The Cherenkov light induced by...
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Prasenjit Saha (University of Zurich)23/07/2025, 16:04
A resolved optical image of a gamma-ray emitter would be of enormous scientific interest. For gamma-ray sources associated with interacting stars (colliding winds or novae), stellar intensity interferometry (SII), envisioned as a second observing mode at the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), could yield images of the systems in visible light. Recent radius measurements of massive...
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Nahuel Ferreiro Iachellini (University of Milano-Bicocca)23/07/2025, 16:05
The RES-NOVA project detects cosmic neutrinos (i.e., Supernovae) via coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) using archaeological Pb-based cryogenic detectors. The high CEνNS cross-section, due to the Pb's large atomic mass, and ultra-high radiopurity of archaeological Pb enable a highly sensitive, cm-scale observatory equally sensitive to all neutrino flavors. These features are...
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Prof. Huang Jing huangjing (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS)23/07/2025, 16:06
We have built a prototype of stereoscopic water Cherenkov detector array (SWCDA) inside the Tibet ASgamma air-shower array (Tibet-III array) by the end of 2024. The SWCDA project is the next generation of innovative ground-based stereoscopic water Cherenkov detection array, its main scientific goal is to observe 100GeV-10TeV high-energy gamma-ray astronomy, such as observation of blazars,...
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Hengying Zhang (Yunnan University)23/07/2025, 16:06
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) provides unprecedented capabilities for measuring cosmic-ray (CR) properties in the high energy regime. The LHAASO experiment has achieved unprecedented precision in measuring the cosmic ray all-particle energy spectrum and its mean logarithmic mass in the "knee" region. As statistics accumulate, it becomes feasible to accurately assess...
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Tobias Kai Kleiner23/07/2025, 16:06
Microquasars are increasingly recognized as efficient particle accelerators, potentially contributing to the cosmic-ray flux up to the knee. Among them, SS 433 stands out as a unique system with precessing relativistic jets embedded within the W50 supernova remnant. Recent detections of very-high- and ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma rays from SS 433 have solidified its role as a key laboratory...
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Vittorio Parisi (University of Genova)23/07/2025, 16:07
The identification of cosmic objects emitting high energy neutrinos provides new insights about the Universe and its active sources. The existence of cosmic neutrinos has been proven by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, however the big question of where these neutrinos originate from remains largely unanswered. The KM3NeT detector for Astroparticle Research with Cosmics in the Abyss (ARCA) is...
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Roland Walter (University of Geneva)23/07/2025, 16:19
The quantum properties of a gas of bosons were predicted by Einstein 100 years ago. The first experimental measurements of its consequences were performed by Hanbury-Brown & Twiss in 1954, when measuring the size of bright stars by correlating the arrival times of photons detected by two optical telescopes. Extremely large telescopes, 10ps resolution single photon detectors bring the key...
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Francesco Nozzoli (Universita degli Studi di Trento and INFN-TIFPA (IT))23/07/2025, 16:20
In the context of astroparticle physics, nuclear astrophysics, and quantum computing projects, identifying underground laboratories where cosmogenic background is suppressed is crucial.
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Located approximately 500 meters from the center of Trento, Italy, the Piedicastello tunnels are covered by 100 meters of limestone rock from the Doss Trento hill. The site spans over 6,000 square meters and... -
Pravata Kumar Mohanty (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research)23/07/2025, 16:21
The GRAPES-3 experiment, located in Ooty, India (11.0^{o}N, 76.7^{o}E, 2200 m a.s.l.), uses a dense array of 400 plastic scintillator detectors and a 560 m^{2} tracking muon detector to measure all charged particles and the muonic components of cosmic ray showers, respectively. The experiment has measured the cosmic ray proton spectrum in the energy range of 50 TeV to 1.3 PeV, and the relative...
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Ioana Maris23/07/2025, 16:21
The project Probing Extreme PeVatron Sources (PEPS) aims at measuring the most energetic $\gamma$-rays from our Galaxy in the energy range between $10^{15}$ eV and $5\times 10^{16}$ eV, opening a new energy window for multimessenger astroparticle physics. PEPS will consist of an array of 10 km$^2$ placed in the southern hemisphere, at the location of the Pierre Auger Observatory. It will be...
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Naomi Tsuji (University of Tokyo/ICRR)23/07/2025, 16:21
Since the recent detection of very-high-energy (VHE; $E>0.1$ TeV) gamma rays, microquasars have gained more and more attention as potential PeVatron candidates. Among them, the microquasar SS 433 and its nebula W50 stand out as the first to be detected in VHE gamma rays. HAWC and H.E.S.S. reported TeV gamma-ray emission from knot-like structures in the outer lobes, likely powered by jets...
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Matthias Thiesmeyer (University of Wisconsin - Madison)23/07/2025, 16:22
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has provided new insights into the high-energy universe, in particular, unveiling neutrinos from the galactic plane. However, galactic neutrino sources are still unresolved. The recent detection of multi-PeV photons by LHAASO from the Cygnus region highlights its potential as a galactic neutrino source. Additionally, LHAASO, HAWC, and HESS have reported over...
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Gilles Koziol23/07/2025, 16:34
Recent developments in single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) have lowered detector time resolution to under tens of picoseconds full width half maximum (FWHM). In 1956, the pioneer experiment of Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) on measuring the sizes of bright stars was limited by the time resolution of their detectors and their telescope size. The QUASAR project aims at building SPAD-based...
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Miguel Molero Gonzalez (Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands (ES))23/07/2025, 16:36
Iron cosmic rays represent the most abundant heavy nuclei at energies above 1 TeV, with their production thought to be primarily originated by astrophysical sources. Therefore, measuring the iron spectrum provides crucial insights into the origin, acceleration, and propagation mechanisms of cosmic rays. Recent results from space-based detectors have revealed unexpected energy dependences in...
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Harm Schoorlemmer (Radboud University)23/07/2025, 16:36
By analyzing the radio emissions from air showers using interferometry, we can estimate their properties. In this contribution, we apply interferometry to reconstruct air-shower parameters based on measurements taken with the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) at the Pierre Auger Observatory. This reconstruction method is achievable at AERA through precise clock synchronization with a beacon...
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Barbara Skrzypek (UC Berkeley)23/07/2025, 16:37
Recent measurements of astrophysical neutrinos have expanded our understanding of their nature and origin. However, very little is still known about the astrophysical $\nu/\bar{\nu}$ ratio. The only prior measurement is the recent, single Glashow event seen by IceCube. Understanding the astrophysical $\nu/\bar{\nu}$ ratio has a bearing on multiple questions, including the astrophysical...
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David Green23/07/2025, 17:05
CTAO (Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory) will be the world’s first gamma-ray observatory with majority of observation time in the first 10 years driven by open proposals. Designed to operate for 30 years, with two sites, the Northern site at the Observatorio Roque de los Muchachos and the Southern site at the ESO Observatorio Paranal, CTAO will cover the entire sky with unprecedented...
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Domenico Della Volpe (Universitè de Genève)23/07/2025, 17:25
The first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), located on La Palma, has been operational since 2018 and remains in its commissioning phase. Over the past years, LST-1 has delivered a number of significant scientific results, including the detection of active galactic nuclei flares, observations of pulsar wind nebulae and pulsars, the detection of a nova, and...
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Jonathan BITEAU (Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France)23/07/2025, 17:45
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is often described as the world's most powerful ground-based gamma-ray observatory. This is particularly true in the time domain.
The collection areas of Fermi-LAT, LHAASO, and the CTAO are approximately 1, 10³, and 10⁵ m², respectively, above a threshold of 50 GeV. In a signal-dominated regime, the event rate above 50 GeV is expected to be...
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23/07/2025, 18:05
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Prof. Foteini Oikonomou (NTNU)24/07/2025, 09:00
Rapporteur talk CRI
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Cristina Consolandi (University of Hawai'i at Manoa (US))24/07/2025, 09:45
Rapporteur talk SH
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Dr Carmelo Giovanni Evoli (Gran Sasso Science Institute)24/07/2025, 10:45
Rapporteur talk CRD
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Milena Crnogorcevic24/07/2025, 11:30
Rapporteur talk DM
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Haoning He24/07/2025, 13:00
Rapporteur talk GA
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Antonio Marinelli (Università di Napoli, Federico II)24/07/2025, 13:45
Rapporteur talk GWMMS
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Dr Mauricio Bustamante (Niels Bohr Institute)24/07/2025, 14:45
Rapporteur talk NU
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Anastasia Tezari (CERN)24/07/2025, 15:30
Rapporteur talk OE
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Dr Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg24/07/2025, 16:00
Rapporteur talk DEI
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Mingxin Wang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT) features the hybrid digital optical module (hDOM) as the detector unit, containing large-area silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays combined with photomultiplier tubes to boost photon detection efficiency and timing capability, which is crucial to angular resolution performance of TRIDENT. We are developing a 16-channel fast-timing...
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Keito Watanabe (Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)
The identification of potential sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remains challenging due to magnetic deflections and propagation losses, which are particularly strong for nuclei. In previous iterations of this work, we proposed an approach for UHECR astronomy based on Bayesian inference through explicit modelling of propagation and magnetic deflection effects. In this...
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Anna Eimer (Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg)
A precise understanding of the optical properties of the instrumented Antarctic ice sheet is crucial to the performance of optical Cherenkov telescopes such as the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and its planned successor, IceCube-Gen2.
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One complication arising from the large envisioned footprint of IceCube-Gen2 is the larger impact of the so-called ice tilt. It describes the undulation of ice... -
Dr Jeffrey Hyde (Swarthmore College)
The last decade has opened up the universe of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos to observation, and there is now a body of publicly available data which will continue to grow from experiments such as IceCube and KM3NeT. Among other things, this allows us to test models of beyond-Standard Model neutrino physics. However, such analyses require code that includes statistical methodology and...
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Timur Dzhatdoev
A transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays (CR) may occur at an energy E$\approx$100--1000 PeV. The all-nuclei CR spectrum reveals a number of distinct features in the energy range of 1-1000 PeV. These features are usually attributed to the corresponding changes in the composition of the primary cosmic rays. Despite much effort invested into the CR composition studies above the...
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Diego Ravignani
The origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays remains a significant unsolved question in high-energy astrophysics. One of the key observables for determining their origin is the evolution of mass composition with primary energy. A crucial parameter for inferring mass composition is the muon content of extensive air showers, which are generated when these high-energy particles interact with...
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Abhay Mehta (DESY)
The identification of $\gamma$-rays from the predominant hadronic-background is a key aspect in their ground-based detection using Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). Current methods rely on Boosted Decision Trees (BDTs) or goodness-of-fit parameters, which are limited in their ability to exploit deep correlations in complex data. Deep learning (DL)-based methods are able to...
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Pranav Sampathkumar
A Generative Neural Network for the Prediction of Radio Pulses from Extensive Air Showers
Using radio emission from Extensive Air Showers (EAS) to measure cosmic rays has been gaining traction in recent years. Several large arrays of antennas have been planned or deployed in order to measure extensive showers and can give us insights into shower evolution with more and more precise...
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855. A Graph-based Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for population studies of astrophysical objectsJonathan Mauro (UCLouvain)
We present here a data exploration tool designed to enhance the study of astrophysical objects by integrating traditional hierarchical clustering with graph-based community detection algorithms. This new tool allows in-depth analysis of the distributions of observables across astrophysical catalogs, while overcoming common challenges arising from the use of clustering algorithms that are not...
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Harshita Bhuyan (Indian Institute of Technology Indore)
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and their relativistic jets that emit radiation covering almost the entire electromagnetic spectrum have been few of the most fascinating subjects in astronomy for decades, yet the composition of these relativistic jets is still not clearly known. The origin of the high energy peak in the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of blazars has been an open question in...
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Allan Labrador
We have pursued machine learning (ML) techniques to analyze solar energetic particle (SEP) data as supplements to traditional analysis. Machine learning approaches have the potential to execute large surveys of SEP event data much faster than traditional algorithmic approaches and to identify features in large data sets that are unseen by traditional analysis without a priori knowledge of...
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Rodrigo Alberto Torres Saavedra (Gran Sasso Science Institute)
In recent years, the development of orbital and sub-orbital missions aiming to the use the Earth’s atmosphere as the target mass to detect extensive air showers (EAS) induced by ultra-high energy (UHE) CRs and neutrinos through their EM counterparts – such as EUSO-SPB2, the Terzina Payload onboard the NUSES missions, and the planned POEMMA mission – has driven interest in modeling the expected...
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Julian HAMO
Both Rubin Observatory and CTAO will be collecting data by 2026, marking a new era in optical and gamma-ray astronomy. Compared to predecessors like ZTF, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS, their enhanced sensitivity will extend extragalactic observations to at least redshift of ∼2.5. This advancement offers fresh insights into non-thermal astrophysical sources, particularly blazars - radio-loud AGN...
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Karolin Hymon (Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica)
The interaction cross section of charged pions with air nuclei is a critical parameter for accurately simulating extensive air showers. Improving the modeling of high-energy pion interactions is essential for addressing the muon puzzle—the observed deficit of muons in simulations compared to indirect experimental estimates. As collider experiments cannot directly probe these interactions, we...
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Dr Rostom Mbarek
We propose novel numerical schemes based on the Boris method in curved spacetime, incorporating both hadronic and radiative interactions for the first time. Once the proton has lost significant energy due to radiative and hadronic losses, and its gyroradius has decreased below typical scales on which the electromagnetic field varies, we apply a guiding center approximation (GCA). We...
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Bair Shaibonov
A novel hybrid positioning system has been developed from the ground up for the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope. It combines two independently operated subsystems: an inertial system and a hydroacoustic network. The hydroacoustic network employs acoustic modems installed at specific positions along the height of the detector strings, including some at the string anchors, while the inertial...
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Prof. Jim Hinton
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) will be the first major wide-field instrument operating in the sub-TeV to PeV gamma-ray domain in the Southern Hemisphere. The primary site for SWGO is ‘Pampa La Bola’ at 4.8 km above sea level within the Atacama Astronomical Park in Chile. The observatory will be implemented as an array of water Cherenkov detectors: tanks containing pure...
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350. A preliminary All-sky search of Flaring and transient in the TeV gamma-ray sky observed by HAWCSergio Hernández Cadena (Tsung Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
The long-term operation of HAWC provides valuable opportunities to study transient and variability phenomena in sources emitting at TeV energies. In this work, we introduce the All-sky Root around in an Unbiased way (ARU) algorithm, a tool designed to estimate the significance of deviations from constant emission on different timescales using data from ground-based gamma-ray observatories. We...
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Stef Verpoest (Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware)
The detection of extensive air showers using radio antennas has evolved into a mature technique, complementing particle detector arrays by providing sensitivity to the longitudinal development of the showers and enabling an independent determination of the cosmic-ray energy. Both the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina and the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole have been...
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Ilya Usoskin (University of Oulu (FI))
Cosmic rays continuously bombard the Earth’s atmosphere and form the main source of its ionization of the lower and middle atmosphere. This cosmic-ray-induced ionisation (CRII) leads to significant chemical and physical effects in the atmosphere. Since the ionization level is very difficult to measure directly, it is crucially important to model CRII realistically and reliably. One of the most...
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Dr Silvia Manconi (Sorbonne University & LPTHE, Paris)
The AMS-02 spaceborne particle spectrometer has measured the cosmic-ray flux of positrons with high precision, reaching up to hundreds of GeV. This has provided invaluable insights into the local sources of antimatter in cosmic rays. The hypothesis that pulsars and their nebulae are responsible for the cosmic ray positron flux has recently gained further support from observations of gamma-ray...
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Dr RAJIV KUMAR
A detailed investigation on geo effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs) associated with Magnetic Clouds(MCs) observed during December 2009 - Dec 2019 is studied.The collected sample events are divided into two groups based on their association with CMEs related to geomagnetic storms Dst < -50 nT eg 1.geoeffective events & 2.Non geo-effective events. Furthermore , most of the CMEs are of...
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Yiyang Li (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS)
We have built a 100 m2 prototype stereoscopic water Cherenkov detector array (SWCDA) in the Tibet air-shower array in 2024, which will be used for gamma-ray astronomy observations in the 100 GeV-10 TeV energy range. In this paper, we describe the design of the Tibet stereoscopic water Cherenkov detector and detailed Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate the performance and sensitivity of...
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Jiannan Tang (SJTU)
Dark matter and neutrino detection experiments require the digitization of analog signals generated by PMTs or SiPMs. Since the output pulse widths of PMTs and SiPMs are relatively narrow, around tens of nanoseconds, high-quality, high-precision waveform acquisition necessitates a high-speed, high-precision analog-to-digital converter. For example, the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory...
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Dr Leonid Burmistrov (University of Geneva)
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory is a state-of-art ground-based gamma-ray observatory that is currently in construction phase. The four Large-Sized Telescopes form the core of the Northern observatory, each with a dish diameter of 23 m, designed to cover the low-energy range with a threshold starting at 20 GeV. The first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1), is already operating and...
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Lasse Hertle (Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research)
Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing (CRNS) is a technique to measure water content in soil or snow on the hectare scale through the measurement of epithermal neutrons above the ground.
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The measurement of epithermal neutrons needs to be corrected for the change in solar modulation affecting the incoming cosmic ray flux.
In addition, the specific geomagnetic conditions of the measurement location have... -
Dr Nicolas Produit (Universite de Geneve (CH))
Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) require synchronization at the nanosecond scale for real-time event tagging and common triggering, enabling coincidence detection across multiple telescopes. Even more stringent timing is required for intensity interferometry, where the light intensity fluctuations of a source are sampled at multiple telescopes and correlated to reveal a source size-dependent...
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Daniela Merizalde Aguirre (Universidad San Francisco de Quito (EC))
The Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO) is an observatory focused on the detection of cosmic rays and space weather phenomena using a network of water Cherenkov detectors. Currently, LAGO is transitioning to new hardware with higher time resolution, which requires an improvement and adaptation of the current calibration algorithms. In this work we present an improvement of such algorithm...
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Isabelle John
While remarkable progress has been made to understand the propagation of cosmic rays, a variety of astrophysical uncertainties persists. At energies below about 20 GeV, the cosmic-ray flux is significantly modulated by solar activity, a process that is not precisely understood. Using the recently published AMS-02 data for the time-dependent cosmic-ray fluxes, we study the effects of solar...
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Mr Philipp Soldin (RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY)
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic-kilometer detector located in the Antarctic ice at the geographic South Pole. It reads out over 5,000 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) to detect Cherenkov light produced by secondary particles, enabling IceCube to identify both atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos. One of the main challenges in this effort is effectively distinguishing between muons...
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Hana ALI MESSAOUD
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is an international observatory currently under construction, which will consist of two sites (one in the Northern Hemisphere and one in the Southern Hemisphere). It will eventually be the largest and most sensitive ground-based gamma-ray observatory. In the meantime, a small subarray composed of four Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) at the...
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Pranab Deka (KU Leuven)
Particle-in-cell simulations are essential for studying kinetic-scale plasma behaviour in astrophysical and laboratory environments, where processes like magnetic reconnection and collisionless shocks can accelerate particles to extreme energies. We present the recent advancements in the semi-implicit iPIC3D code, which now supports GPU computation using CUDA (NVIDIA GPUs) and HIP (AMD GPUs)....
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Diego Real
The KM3NeT Collaboration is constructing and managing two deep-sea neutrino telescopes on the Mediterranean Sea floor. These telescopes are composed of networks of light detectors enclosed in pressure-resistant glass spheres, known as digital optical modules. Each module contains 31 photomultipliers, each with a 3-inch diameter, along with acquisition electronics. The detection units consist...
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Francesco Gabriele Saturni
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an INAF project aimed at constructing an array of nine imaging air Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) for the very-high energy (VHE) gamma-ray detection at the Teide Observatory site (Tenerife, Canary Islands), finalised to observe astronomical objects emitting photons in the multi-TeV spectral band. Detailed simulations of atmospheric showers of Cherenkov events using...
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Ilya Kravchenko (University of Nebraska Lincoln (US))
The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) has been operating at the South Pole for over a decade, searching for ultra-high-energy astrophysical and cosmogenic neutrinos using the Askaryan effect. ARA has always been at the forefront of testing innovative trigger designs and advancing electronic upgrades, with ongoing DAQ improvements over the past 2–3 years and a long-term plan to transition to Radio...
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Abhay Mehta (DESY)
Software code generation using Large Language Models (LLMs) is one the most successful application of the modern artificial intelligence. Foundational models are very efficient when applied to popular frameworks and libraries, which benefit from documentation, code examples, and strong community support. However, many specialized scientific libraries lack these resources and often have...
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Prof. Akitoshi Oshima (Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chubu University), Hari Harani
Ground based observations of cosmic rays provide one of the most effective methods for investigating the effects of solar activity in near-Earth space. The Akeno muon telescope, which has a similar detection technique configuration and energy threshold for incoming atmospheric muons as the GRAPES-3 muon telescope, serves as one such observation system. The Akeno muon telescope's field of view...
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Kun Hu (Shandong University (CN))
We will describe a novel front end electronics module using a soft-core analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based on time-to-digital converter (TDC). The soft-core ADC is implemented in an FPGA. In the hardware design, the FPGA-based ADC (FPGA-ADC) only requires one resistor and an FPGA. FPGA-ADC allows users to program the sampling rate and adjust the dynamic range of the ADC with small...
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Sara Porras Bedmar (Universitaet Hamburg)
Extragalactic very high-energy (VHE; $E>100\,$GeV) gamma rays suffer absorption in interactions with photons of the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL). The EBL is an isotropic diffuse field spanning the optical and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Observational data allow for uncertainties in the current EBL models, which in turn affect VHE analyses. We present an...
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Yingwei Wang (Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University)
The performance of a neutrino telescope is fundamentally dependent on the optical properties of its detection medium. For deep-sea neutrino telescopes like TRIDENT, an accurate real-time, in-situ optical calibration system is essential due to the dynamic nature of the deep-sea environment. A camera-based optical calibration system was initially demonstrated in the TRIDENT Pathfinder experiment...
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Caterina Boscolo Meneguolo (University of Padova)
Multimessenger astronomy seeks to uncover the origins of cosmic rays and neutrinos. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory plays a key role in monitoring the sky for revealing high energy neutrinos and neutrino time clusters possibly associated with astrophysical sources, issuing alerts to the astrophysical community for significant excesses. This enables joint observations with other astronomical...
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Dr Danislav Sapundjiev (Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium)
Neutron monitors are essential instruments for studying interplanetary conditions and space weather. Complementing to space-born detectors, they extend the observable energy range beyond 50 GeV. While ground-level enhancements and Forbush decreases are well-documented, shorter temporal increases in neutron count rates remain under-explored. This work investigates potential causes of such short...
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Mr Luigi Ernesto Ghezzer (Trento University & INFN-TIFPA)
Since 2019 a set of three scintillator-based small muon telescopes of the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project have been successfully installed and operated at the high latitude (79° N) site of Ny-Ȧlesund, in the Svalbard archipelago. Such detectors have been employed for various analysis, also including the observation of Forbush decrease events in regions characterized by a low geomagnetic...
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Cheng Liu
The HUNT (High-Energy Underwater Neutrino Telescope) is a next-generation neutrino telescope project. Each string in HUNT has dozens of optical modules (OM), which house a 20-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMT) within 23-inch glass spheres. These strings extend up to approximately 1 kilometer in length. To precisely measure the real-time attitude and location of each OM, we employ 9-axis IMU...
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JESSE OSBORN
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has measured an isotropic astrophysical neutrino flux through various detection channels for over 12 years. IceCube has also detected neutrino emission from the Galactic plane at the 4.5σ significance level compared to a background-only hypothesis, testing three models of Galactic diffuse emission: Fermi-LAT π0, KRAɣ5, KRAɣ50. We present an analysis combining 3...
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Dr Zhaoqiang Shen
Galactic diffuse emission (GDE) is a major component of the GeV gamma-ray sky. The Fermi bubbles and the Galactic center excess are two distinct diffuse components that garnered significant attention. The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space-borne high-energy particle telescope aiming at measuring cosmic rays and photons in a broad energy range. These two sources are suitable for...
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Alison Mitchell (ECAP, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg)
IC 443 is a well-known supernova remnant that stands out due to its interaction with a dense molecular cloud, creating a complex environment where shocks can efficiently accelerate particles to high energies. This makes it a key target for investigating the mechanisms of cosmic-ray acceleration and gamma-ray production, particularly in the context of supernova remnants as potential sources of...
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David Pelosi (Universita e INFN, Perugia (IT))
The study of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) variations and their connection to solar activity has been explored using various methods, such as cross-correlation analysis, which measures the synchronization between time series peaks, and power spectral density or wavelet analysis. Here, we investigate the potential of advanced signal processing techniques, specifically Empirical Mode Decomposition...
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Mrs Eloise Moore (Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany)
Astrophysical collisionless shocks are efficient particle accelerators, for which some pre-acceleration mechanism is needed in order for electrons to participate in diffusive shock acceleration. In this work, we investigate how pre-existing turbulence may be able to modify the shock structure, plasma instabilities, and ultimately particle acceleration. We perform linear analysis of wave modes...
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Alejandro Francisco López Comazzi
This study examines the relationship between neutron monitor (NM) count rates and solar activity parameters, specifically focusing on the NM count rates at the point where the maximum slope occurs and how they correlate with key solar cycle indicators, such as the average sunspot number and the maximum sunspot number, across Solar Cycles (SCs) 20 to 24. The data used for analysis is collected...
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Sha Wu (IHEP)
The angular resolution of an extensive air shower (EAS) array plays a critical role in determining the sensitivity of the source of the direction of the cosmic rays. The shape of the shower front is known to be curved. The traditional reconstruction method is to fit the shower front into a cone. here the better description the function of the shower front is presented. According to the...
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Iñaki Rodriguez Garcia (CIEMAT - Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tec. (ES))
Analysis of anisotropy of the arrival directions of galactic positrons, electrons and protons has been performed with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station. This measurement allows to differentiate between point-like and diffuse sources of cosmic rays for the understanding of the origin of high energy positrons or the hardening in the proton flux. The AMS results...
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Pascal Janowski
The Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI), a gamma-ray telescope set to launch in 2027 as a NASA Small Explorer satellite mission, is a compact Compton telescope consisting of a cross-strip germanium detector array. Owing to its wide field-of-view and excellent energy resolution, COSI is set to achieve an unprecedented angular resolution and line sensitivity among Compton telescopes in the...
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Antonio Ambrosone (Gran Sasso Science Institute)
The IceCube Collaboration has recently reported compelling evidence of high energy neutrino emission from NGC 1068, and mild excesses for other 3 local Seyfert galaxies. This sparked a surge of interest in neutrino emissions from the hot coronae around supermassive black holes in Seyfert galaxies. In this talk, I demonstrate that these sources are consistent with sub-equipartition between...
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Xiaopeng Zhang (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS)
The arrival time distributions of air shower particles provide critical insights into the development of extensive air showers and the properties of primary cosmic rays. This study analyses the temporal characteristics of secondary particles detected by the KM2A detectors of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). We propose a novel parameterized function to describe the...
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Dr Fabian Schussler (IRFU / CEA Paris-Saclay)
In the era of real-time astronomy, citizen scientists play an increasingly important role in the discovery and follow-up of transient astrophysical phenomena. From local astronomical societies to global initiatives, amateur astronomers contribute valuable observational data that complement professional efforts. Astro-COLIBRI facilitates these contributions by providing a user-friendly platform...
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Thijs van Eeden (Nikhef)
Astrophysical neutrinos provide crucial insights into their sources and play a key role in multi-messenger astronomy. The neutrino flavor composition at Earth allows us to probe the mechanisms of neutrino production and cosmic ray acceleration, as well as the properties of the environments in which they originate. Understanding the flavor composition also offers a unique opportunity to test...
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Elena Ramos Cascon (Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) (ES))
Tau neutrinos are among the least studied particles in the Standard Model due to the challenges in producing and detecting them. One of the primary sources of tau neutrinos is astrophysical events, where they are mainly produced through flavor oscillations. This flux has been detected by neutrino telescopes like IceCube, but identifying the tau component of the flux — especially at TeV-scale...
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Marika Przybylak (UNIVERSITY OF LODZ DOCTORAL SCHOOL OF EXACT AND NATURAL SCIENCES)
The Telescope Array Observatory (TA) located in Utah, U.S.A., is dedicated to the study of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). The project's primary aim is to investigate the energy spectrum, origin, and composition of these cosmic rays. TA employs a hybrid detection method, using surface detectors (SDs) in combination with fluorescence detectors (FDs). The observation of air showers by...
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Dr Darko Veberic (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE))
At ultra-high energies, the flux of cosmic rays is too low for direct measurements to be meaningful. When a cosmic ray enters the atmosphere, it initiates an extensive air shower, producing a cascade of secondary particles that propagate toward the ground. Large arrays of surface detectors are used to measure these secondary particles upon arrival.
The signal detected at a specific...
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Adriel Gustavo Bartz Mocellin (Colorado School of Mines)
The Pierre Auger Observatory (Auger) and the Telescope Array (TA) are the world’s two largest ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) observatories. They operate in the Southern and Northern hemispheres, respectively, at similar latitudes but with distinct surface detector (SD) designs. A significant challenge in studying UHECR physics across the full sky is the apparent discrepancy in flux...
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Ankit Yadav
Recent measurements from advanced cosmic-ray detectors have revealed spectral features that includes a hardening in the GeV–TeV energy range, challenging standard model of cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation. The re-acceleration of cosmic rays by weak shocks in the Galaxy offers a promising explanation, accounting for the observed spectral features of different nuclei and the...
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Maria Petropoulou
The blazar TXS 0506+056 was the first astrophysical source to be associated with high-energy neutrinos, both temporally and spatially. This breakthrough followed the detection of a high-energy neutrino coincident with the blazar’s 2017 X-ray and gamma-ray flare. Additionally, IceCube has identified TXS 0506+056 as the second most prominent hotspot in the neutrino sky over 9.5 years of...
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Marco Mattiazzi (Universita e INFN, Padova (IT))
High-precision measurements of proton and helium nuclei obtained from direct cosmic ray experiments provide valuable insight into the mechanisms of CR acceleration and propagation in the Galaxy.
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The space-based calorimeters, CALET as well as DAMPE, have recently revealed an additional spectral feature at tens of TeV, i.e. a softening of the flux, which is not predicted by traditional... -
Georg Schwefer (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)
Gamma-ray measurements using the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov technique currently achieve the highest angular resolution in astronomy at very high energies, reaching down to arcminute scales at multi-TeV energies. High-resolution measurements provide the key to progress on many of the central questions in high-energy astrophysics, including the sites and mechanisms of particle acceleration up...
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Savitri Gallego
The Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) is a gamma-ray telescope in low-Earth orbit selected by NASA as a Small Explorer satellite mission to be launched in 2027. COSI employs a novel Compton telescope, consisting of a compact array of cross-strip germanium detectors. Owing to its wide field-of-view and excellent energy resolution, COSI will achieve an unprecedented sensitivity in the 0.2-5...
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Monica Seglar-Arroyo (Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE))
A complete understanding of compact binary coalescences requires combining gravitational wave (GW) observations with broadband electromagnetic data. The detection of GeV-TeV gamma rays will be crucial for probing the acceleration processes and environments near compact object mergers. The binary neutron star (BNS) merger GW170817 provided the first direct evidence that BNS mergers are...
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Sei Kato (Institut d'astrophysique de Paris)
GRANDProto300 is one of the prototype arrays of GRAND (Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection) in China, covering an area of 200 ${\rm km}^2$ with radio antennas. The construction of the array will be completed in 2026 and it aims to demonstrate the autonomous detection of radio emission from air showers produced by high-energy astroparticles. We calculate the exposure of GRANDProto300 using...
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Kazuyoshi Kobayashi (Waseda university)
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is carrying out direct measurements of high energy cosmic rays up to ~1 PeV in order to obtain systematic understanding of cosmic ray acceleration and propagation. The detector consisting of a charge detector, an imaging calorimeter, and a total absorption calorimeter, is located on the International Space Station. Data taken by the CALET onboard the...
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Holger Motz (Waseda University)
The ISS-based Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is directly measuring energy and arrival direction of electron+positron cosmic rays (CR) well into the TeV region. Due to energy loss in propagation, TeV-range CR electrons are expected to originate from only a few nearby and young supernova remnants (SNRs), foremost the Vela SNR, potentially giving rise to spectral features and flux...
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Jethro Stoffels
The Radio Neutrino Observatory in Greenland (RNO-G) aims to detect UHE
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neutrinos (E > 100 PeV). With an array of upward-facing near-surface antennas operating in the 80-700 MHz range, the RNO-G surface component is sensitive to broadband signals originating from many sources, such as background noise induced by the Milky Way. In this contribution, I use the measured Galactic noise to... -
Matteo Conte
The Pierre Auger Observatory has led to significant advances in our understanding of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. These new insights have driven a major upgrade of the Observatory, known as AugerPrime, through which the experiment has entered its Phase-II, a new period of data collection. A key part of the upgrade is adding surface scintillator detectors (SSD) on top of the existing...
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Davide Mollica (INAF)
The ASTRI project, led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), aims to deploy an array of nine small-sized (4-m diameter) Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes at the Teide Observatory in Tenerife. The system will study astronomical sources emitting in the very high-energy range above 1 TeV up to 200 TeV. Each telescope is equipped with a Cherenkov camera based upon...
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Ruben Camphyn
The Radio Neutrino Observatory in Greenland (RNO-G) aims to detect ultra-high-energy astrophysical neutrinos (E > 100 PeV). These neutrinos interact with the Greenlandic ice sheet, generating a particle cascade that emits radiation in the radio frequency range through the Askaryan effect. Once fully deployed, RNO-G will be the largest in-ice radio neutrino detector. Currently, 8 out of 35...
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Matteo Balbo (Universite de Geneve (CH))
Accurate calibration is essential for maximizing the scientific output of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). The Calibration Pipeline, a core component of the Data Processing and Preservation System (DPPS), is part of the low-level offline reconstruction software. It is responsible for generating and maintaining high-precision calibration products. It encompasses the refinement...
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David Wahl
We report on the continuing presence of short duration (t < 10 µs) radar echoes in our datasets. First reported in 2007 [1], these echoes were observed as part of an effort to identify cosmic ray shower signals in radar data, as per the proposal of Blackett and Lovell [2]. Subsequent experiments such as Mariachi [3] and TARA [4] have reported negative findings, and radar echoes from HDPE [5]...
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Dr Vanessa López-Barquero (University of Maryland College Park)
Recent experimental results on the arrival direction of high-energy cosmic rays have motivated studies that call for a deeper understanding of their propagating environment. Interstellar and local magnetic fields shape this observed anisotropy. In coherent magnetic structures, such as the heliosphere, or due to magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, magnetic mirroring can temporarily trap particles,...
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Marina Orta-Terré (ICCUB - IEEC)
LISA will be the first space-based gravitational wave observatory sensitive to the unexplored frequency band of 0.1 mHz – 1 Hz. It will consist of three identical spacecraft (SC) 2.5 million km away from each other. Each SC will be equipped with lasers and free-falling test masses (TMs). When gravitational waves reach the SC, they will be detected by measuring variations in the distance...
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Andrea Foresi (Universita Siena & INFN Pisa (IT))
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on board the International Space Station (ISS) is a space-based instrument consisting of a CHarge Detector (CHD) made of plastic scintillators, a thin (3 radiation lengths, X0) tungsten-scintillating fibre IMaging Calorimeter (IMC) for accurate particle tracking and identification, and a thick (27 X0, 1.3 nuclear interaction length) Total AbSorption...
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Erick Rangel Anita (Instituto de Astronomía, UNAM)
The study of astrophysical sources with extended very-high-energy (VHE) emission is crucial for advancing our understanding of the most energetic processes in the Universe. Observatories such as HAWC and LHAASO have been pioneers in this field. The arrival of SWGO, with its wide field of view in the Southern Hemisphere, promises to open new frontiers in the study of extended sources, such as...
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Luise Eva Sophie Meyer-Hetling (Technical University of Munich)
Detailed knowledge of the radiation environment in space is an indispensable prerequisite for space missions in low Earth orbit and beyond. The RadMap Telescope is a compact radiation monitor that can characterize the radiation environment aboard spacecraft and determine the biologically relevant dose received by astronauts. Its main sensor is a tracking calorimeter made from 1024...
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Ms Yanee Tangjai (Chiang Mai University)
This study evaluates the response of the IceTop tanks to low-energy air showers in the GeV to TeV energy range, based on simulated and measured count rates. Correlating this response with primary cosmic rays provides a tool to study Galactic and solar cosmic-ray flux modulations, particularly for solar particle events. Moreover, the analysis of experimental data refines IceTop’s correction...
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ZOE RECHAV
Recently, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory has reported a deviation from the single power law in the extragalactic diffuse neutrino flux, primarily driven by the hardening of the low-energy flux below 30 TeV, but ultimately, causally uncertain. The spectrum above 1 PeV also remains uncertain; it could continue as a single power law, cut off, or exhibit other features. A neural network-based...
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Min Zha (IHEP)
LHAASO-KM2A is a pivotal facility for studying cosmic rays through extensive air shower detection. However, accurately classifying cosmic ray components (e.g., protons, helium nuclei, and heavy nuclei) remains challenging due to overlapping shower signatures and background noise. In this proceeding, we propose a deep learning-based method to enhance the classification accuracy of cosmic ray...
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Najia Moureen Binte Amin
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, located at the geographic South Pole, uses the glacial ice volume to detect astrophysical neutrinos. Detection of the neutrinos from the northern sky provides the opportunity to use a large effective volume. However, as the cross-section increases with energy, most high-energy neutrinos are absorbed by the Earth. On the other hand, probing down-going PeV...
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Fedor Tairli
Rejection of cloud-contaminated data is a complex and important process for the Pierre Auger Observatory’s fluorescence detector, combining information from several sources, including infra-red cameras, lidars, and satellite imaging. With the deteriorating quality of the infra-red cameras and challenges in using other sources, we propose a new method. We use continuous calibration...
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Qiang Yuan
The origin of cosmic rays remains an unresolved fundamental problem in astrophysics. The synergy of multiple observational probes, including the energy spectra, the mass composition, and anisotropy is a viable way to jointly uncover this mystery. In this work, we propose that the energy-dependence of those observables in a wide energy range, from $O(10)$ GeV to ultrahigh energies of $10^{11}$...
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Lukas Hennig (Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg)
Lorentz invariance (LI) is a fundamental symmetry in the Standard Model that may be violated in quantum gravity. The "Standard-Model extension" (SME) framework incorporates this hypothetical Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) by introducing a complete set of LI- and CPT-violating operators coupled with corresponding SME coefficients. A non-zero value of one or more of these coefficients would...
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Jonas Hellrung (Ruhr University Bochum)
In 2023 the IceCube collaboration published the first observation of the Galactic diffuse neutrino flux. This emission is produced by cosmic rays interacting with the interstellar medium. The measurement of this flux can help to understand the distribution of cosmic rays in the Galaxy.
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In this poster, we present plans for a new analysis combining different event topologies. IceCube measures... -
Arun Vaidyanathan (Marquette Unniversity)
Abstract: IceAct is an array of imaging air Cherenkov telescopes located at the ice surface above the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Each telescope features a silicon photomultiplier-based 61-pixel camera and a Fresnel-lens as imaging optic, resulting in a 12-degree field of view. The design is optimized to be operated in harsh environments, particularly at the South Pole. The setup will...
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zhipeng zhang (University of Science and Technology of Chinaπ)
A primary advantage of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) arrays over other ground-based gamma-ray detectors is their superior angular resolution. This capability is crucial for studying the morphology of gamma ray sources. Recent observations by ground-based detectors like LHAASO and HAWC have revealed a large number of extended TeV gamma-ray sources, highlighting the need for...
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Dennis Soldin (University of Utah)
Cosmic rays interact with nuclei in the Earth's atmosphere to produce extensive air showers, which give rise to the atmospheric muon flux. Temperature fluctuations in the atmosphere influence the rate of muons measured in deep underground experiments. This contribution presents predictions of the daily muon flux at a depth of 2000 m.w.e., calculated using MUTE, a software tool which combines...
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Madoka Arai (Tohoku University)
The dynamic evolution of Earth's radiation belts is an important topic of space weather research to mitigate the possible malfunctions of satellites orbiting, especially at GEO. Relativistic electron precipitation (REP) detected at LEO indicates when, where, and how the loss process of radiation belt electrons takes place. REP is detected as the enhancement of downward electron counts in the...
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Dixuan Xiao
Antiprotons in cosmic rays provide an important tool for probing cosmic ray propagation and investigating the potential existence of dark matter. As cosmic rays approach the Earth, they are influenced by the geomagnetic field, which causes the deflection directions of protons and antiprotons to differ. This effect allows for the search for antiparticles in the direction opposite to the...
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Dr Ala'a AL-Zetoun (Researcher)
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) get deflected by extragalactic magnetic fields
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(EGMFs) when they propagate from their sources to Earth. The spread of UHECRs around
their source position provides a measure of the strength of the turbulent EGMFs between the
UHECR sources and Earth. Recent results from the Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO) suggest correlations between the arrival... -
Mark Wiedenbeck (Caltech)
Solar energetic particle (SEP) events in which the isotopic abundance ratio 3He/4He greatly exceeds the value ~4x10-4 commonly found in solar wind plasma normally originate from particle acceleration associated with magnetic reconnection in solar flares. Compact source regions should cause these 3He-rich SEP events observed in the heliosphere to have relatively narrow distributions in...
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Alberto Gálvez Ureña
The origin of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos remains unknown despite growing statistics. Direct source association and stacking analyses of existing data have so far only been able to account for a small fraction of the astrophysical neutrino flux. In this work we present the results of a new approach to this problem that makes use of the angular, harmonic cross-correlation between...
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Enzo Putti-Garcia (Universite de Geneve (CH))
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space-based cosmic-ray observatory with the aim, among others, to study cosmic-ray electrons (CREs) up to 10 TeV. Due to the low CRE rate at multi-TeV energies, we increase the acceptance by selecting events outside of the fiducial volume. Non-fiducial events, with their complex topology, require special treatment with sophisticated analysis...
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Jonathan BITEAU (Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France)
The extragalactic background is composed of the emission from all astrophysical sources, both resolved and unresolved, since the epoch of reionization, in addition to any diffuse components of exotic nature. In the last decade, there has been significant progress in our understanding of the cosmic history of extragalactic emissions associated with stellar evolution and accretion onto...
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Junya Wei
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), located in southern China, is a next-generation neutrino experiment equipped with a 20-kton liquid scintillator detector. JUNO's primary goal is to determine the neutrino mass ordering (NMO) through reactor neutrino oscillation measurements. Construction of JUNO is nearing completion, with water filling finished and liquid scintillator...
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Luana Passos Reis (Universidade de São Paulo (IAG-USP))
The Seyfert Type II galaxy NGC 1068 has been identified as a potential neutrino source by IceCube, with a 4.2σ significance detection of a 79+-22 neutrino excess from 2011 to 2020 (IceCube Collaboration 2020, 2024), despite the absence of a gamma-ray counterpart. The observed high-energy neutrino emission indicates the presence of a hadronic component, along with strong gamma-ray...
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shuwang cui (HEBEI NORMAL UNIVERSITY)
Hybrid detection of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) by using Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) and Electron - Neutron Detector Array (ENDA) can provide a full secondary particle measurement of EAS including electrons, muons, atmospheric Cherenkov light and hadrons, exhibiting the unique capacity for separating composition. This study presents a deep learning-based approach for...
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Dr Donghwa Kang
KASCADE-Grande was dedicated to measuring the energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range of 10 PeV to 1 EeV. We observed a knee-like structure in the heavy mass component at around 100 PeV and an ankle-like structure in the light component. In this contribution, we present updated energy spectra based on shower size measurements, using the post-LHC hadronic models...
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Baobiao Yue
The cosmic neutrino background is a prediction of standard cosmology but remains undetected due to the extremely low energies involved. By elastic scattering on cosmic-ray nuclei, these relic neutrinos can be upscattered to ultra-high energies observable by current neutrino telescopes such as the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and the Pierre Auger Observatory. Earlier calculations only took into...
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Katie Mulrey
The LOFAR radio telescope has been used to measure radio emission from
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cosmic-ray air showers in the $10^{16.5} - 10^{18}$ eV range for over a decade. LOFAR’s uniquely dense array of hundreds of antennas measuring from 30-80 MHz is ideal for probing the radio footprint in detail. To date, LOFAR data have been used to gain an understanding of radio emission mechanisms and reconstruct cosmic... -
Benedikt Schroer
We present the first investigation of the role of non-linear Landau damping in self-generated cosmic-ray transport in conditions appropriate for the Galactic halo using hybrid particle-in-cell simulations. We find reduced CR drift speeds due to scattering, that however, remain super-Alfvénic due to damping. The non-linear Landau damping leads to heating of the background plasma and initiates...
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Dr Andrey Saveliev (Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University)
With the recent advancements in multi-messenger astrophysics, there is a clear need for a simulation framework that can self-consistently treat all cosmic messengers. To meet this demand, the latest developments in CRPropa provide versatile new tools for modelling the propagation of cosmic rays, gamma rays, electrons, and neutrinos across galactic and extragalactic environments, as well as in...
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Dr Dusan Mandat (Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences)
Back-coated mirrors offer an alternative to the standard front-coated mirrors, enhancing durability and long-term reflective properties by placing the exposed front coating behind a thin protective glass layer. This design ensures a long-term protection of the reflective layers, mitigating the effects of environmental exposure on the soft protective coating (typically quartz) and reflective...
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Pauli Kalervo Vaisanen (University of Oulu (FI))
Heliospheric modulation parameter (potential) ϕ based on a simple force-field approximation can be used to parametrize heliospheric modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with a single term, which describes the average rigidity loss of a particle during heliospheric transport. Using this parameter with a LIS modulation model such as Vos & Potgieter (2015), we can estimate GCR fluxes that...
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Sergio Hernández Cadena (Tsung Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
Dark photons (Dph) are cold dark matter candidates and bosons of a U(1)-like interaction to a hidden sector additional to the Standard Model (SM). For SM photons propagating in the Universe, a kinetic mixing with Dph can occur, allowing to perform indirect searches using the observed spectrum of galactic and extragalactic sources. To carry out the search, we use a model independent approach to...
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Mateo Fernandez
The Pierre Auger Observatory consists of 1660 water-Cherenkov detectors (WCDs) and 27 fluorescence telescopes, covering a surface of 3000 km^2 in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. After almost two decades, Auger Phase I has ended the data taking and has already delivered many outstanding physics results. The Auger Observatory is currently running in Phase II, with upgraded detectors for...
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Masayoshi Kozai (PEDSC/ROIS-DS)
Solar modulation studies by ground-based muon and neutron detectors are closely related to atmospheric and space environment sciences, and sharing research data has been a common approach to reveal these complex systems. The Global Muon Detector Network (GMDN) has recently completed its archive data tables, which are downloadable on the website...
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Cong Li (The Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)
The identification of gamma rays and suppression of cosmic-ray hadron background are crucial for very-high-energy gamma-ray observations and relevant scientific research of LHAASO-KM2A. Traditional machine learning methods, such as support vector machines, decision trees and deep neural networks have demonstrated promising performance in gamma-ray/hadron separation for ground-based experiments...
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Martin Schneider (ECAP, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg)
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a planned water Cherenkov-based observatory to be located in Pampa La Bola, Chile, providing continuous, wide-field observations of the gamma-ray sky. SWGO will provide a unique view of the wide Southern Hemisphere gamma-ray sky, complementing other very-high-energy observatories such as HAWC, CTA and LHAASO. A key challenge in...
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Fedor Tairli
Fluorescence light detectors have been a crucial part of ultra-high energy cosmic ray observatories, facilitating the study of the longitudinal development of extensive air showers. In this contribution, we evaluate the feasibility of using neural networks to reconstruct shower geometry, using the Fluorescence Detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory as a case study. We compare our results to...
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Ian James Watson (University of Seoul)
We present the results of a novel deep learning network applied to data from the HAWC Observatory to improve the reconstruction of high-energy gamma-ray events. HAWC consists of 300 large water Cherenkov detectors, each of which is instrumented with 4 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) which collects the Cherenkov light produced by the extensive air showers initiated by cosmic rays or high energy...
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Tjark Miener (Universite de Geneve (CH))
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), a next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory, will be composed of two arrays of multiple imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) located in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Its goal is to enhance the sensitivity of current instruments by a factor of five to ten over an energy range from 20 GeV to over 300 TeV. IACT...
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Bastien Lacave
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the next-generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy. The Large-Sized Telescope prototype, LST-1, located on the Canary Island of La Palma, is responsible for observation of the low-energy range of the VHE gamma-ray spectrum. It is undergoing commissioning and has already observed the Crab Nebula as a...
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Aurelien Benoit-Levy
The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) aims to detect radio signals from extensive air showers (EAS) caused by ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic particles. Galactic, hardware-like, and anthropogenic noise are expected to contaminate these signals. To address this problem, we propose training an unsupervised convolutional network known as an autoencoder. This network is used to learn...
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Humberto Martínez Huerta (Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM))
The Trasgos detector network is an initiative involving several research institutes and universities from Europe and Mexico, aimed at the detailed study of the cosmic ray background. Four MiniTrasgo detectors, each approximately 0.1 m² in size and equipped with tracking capabilities, have been built and installed across multiple countries. Currently, one of these detectors is being set up at...
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Anastasiia MIKHNO (Sorbonne Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, LPNHE, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France)
The flat-field flasher is a calibration device designed for NectarCAM, the camera that will equip the Medium-Sized Telescopes (MSTs) of the northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). Positioned in the centre of MST dish, 16 meters in front of the camera, the flasher emits short (FWHM $<5$\,ns ), uniform (2-4%) light pulses to illuminate the entire focal...
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Etienne Lyard
The Array Data Handler (ADH) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is a central component of the software operations for the telescopes arrays. It handles trigger events and raw data from all telescopes, as well as data from environmental and array calibration instruments. Following the initial release of the ADH, which is now capable of handling data from a single telescope,...
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Ying Zhang
The Stereoscopic Water Cherenkov Detector Array (SWCDA) project is the next generation ground-based high-energy gamma-ray observation experiment, aiming to design a high-energy (HE) gamma-ray observatory sensitive to energy ranging 100 GeV – 10 TeV. It consists of a liquid scintillator (LS) array and a stereoscopic water Cherenkov detector array. Considering the portable and low cost for...
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Keerthana Rajan Lathika (Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain)
Tracking detectors based on scintillating fibers, read out with silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), have emerged as a competitive alternative to silicon strip detectors in high-energy and astroparticle physics. The scintillating-fiber tracker (FIT), proposed for the upcoming High-Energy Cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility, consists of several tracking planes of fiber mats stacked along...
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Guangping Zhang (Shanghai jiaotong University)
The TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT) is a next-generation neutrino observatory designed to detect high-energy astrophysical neutrino sources and significantly enhance the measurement of cosmic neutrino events of all flavors. At the chosen site in the South China Sea, TRIDENT Phase-I will deploy its first 10 strings, including approximately 200 hybrid digital optical modules...
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Kullapha Chaiwongkhot (Mahidol University)
The “Assessing Lunar Ion-Generated Neutrons” (ALIGN) payload is designed to monitor the particle radiation environment, in the lunar south polar region, for the Chang’E-8 lunar lander. The detector will monitor the rate of high energy cosmic rays-generated albedo neutrons created by their interactions in near-surface rocks. These albedo neutrons are sensitive to the local topography and...
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643. Design and Validation of High-Reliability Acquisition Electronics for KM3NeT Neutrino TelescopeDiego Real
The KM3NeT Collaboration is developing two deep-sea neutrino telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea. These telescopes use digital optical modules equipped with photomultipliers and acquisition electronics. Mounted on vertical strings, thousands of these modules are already in operation. Once completed, the telescopes will feature over six thousand synchronized modules, creating one of the world’s...
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Dr Keith McBride (University of Chicago)
Ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) should produce ultrahigh-energy neutrinos (UHEN) as byproducts of their propagation. Many candidate UHECR source models also predict an emission of UHEN local to their acceleration sites. The Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations (PUEO) is a balloon-borne observatory that scans the Antarctic ice for these UHEN through their Askaryan emission and is the...
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Ruike Cao (Tsung-Dao Lee Institude)
Very large neutrino telescopes offer unique opportunities in detecting neutrinos from the next core-collapse supernova (CCSN), following the first and only detection in 1987. The TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT) is a next-gen neutrino telescope to be built in the South China Sea. Although primarily designed for high energy neutrino detection, a nearby CCSN could register a high...
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Yuan LI
We report the detection of high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission in the vicinity of G213.0-0.6, which is debated as a Supernova remnant (SNR) or an ionized hydrogen (H$_{\rm{II}}$) region. Using 16-yr Pass 8 data from Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT), we found three extended sources with different photon spectra. Among them, the softer source SrcA with Log-parabola spectrum is spatially...
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Dr Andrea Tramacere (Université de Genève)
We report results of a new search using a 15-year long (up to August, 4 2023) data set at energies higher than 4 GeV for SNRs in the Large Magellanic Cloud applying two clustering methods: the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST), and the combination of Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) and DENsity-based CLUstEring (DENCLUE).
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We found positive indications for 8 new... -
Zhiguo Yao (IHEP, Beijing)
: The nearby active galaxy IC 310, located on the outskirts of the Perseus galaxy cluster, is a bright and variable multi-wavelength emitter, ranging from the radio regime to very high-energy gamma rays above 100 GeV. Using the LHAASO-WCDA real-time alert system, a TeV gamma-ray flare from IC 310 was detected and reported (ATel #16513), with subsequent activity observed in ATel #16540. In this...
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Cong Li (The Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Binary systems are potential very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitters, however, the VHE gamma-ray emission mechanism of these systems remains poorly understood. Recent observational results from HAWC on V4641 Sgr and from H.E.S.S. on SS 433 suggest that shocks present on both sides of binary systems can efficiently accelerate particles. In this study, we search for VHE gamma-ray above ~10TeV...
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Paras Koundal
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a multi-messenger observatory at the South Pole. As preparation for an enhancement of its surface array, IceTop, a prototype station consisting of elevated scintillation panels and radio antennas has been installed and is operating since 2020. The radio antennas detect emissions from cosmic-ray-induced air showers, and their precise orientation is essential...
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Yasushi Fukazawa
AMEGO-X is planned as a satellite to explore all-sky medium energy gamma-ray observation. MeV gamma-ray observation is important for multi-messenger astronomy. AMEGO-X detector is based on the Si-stacked Compton camera and currently developped AstroPix is considered as Si sensors.
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AstroPix is a novel high-voltage CMOS active pixel sensor. AstroPix has to be 0.5 mm thick and active full... -
孝幸 冨田
High-energy cosmic rays induce extensive air showers (EAS) that develop from an altitude of approximately 10 km and reach the ground with footprints spanning several kilometers in diameter. Most cosmic ray exhibits in science museums rely on real-time detection of natural radiation at ground level, with limited emphasis on effectively conveying the dynamic nature of cosmic ray air showers. To...
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Anne Timmermans
FlashCam is a high-performance camera design for ground-based, imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. An advanced prototype has been successfully operating in the CT5 telescope of the H.E.S.S. experiment since December 2019.
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The FlashCam collaboration is currently preparing a second improved FlashCam camera, which is a candidate for the MST pathfinder telescope located at the Southern CTAO... -
yan niu
Cosmic ray muons, as important "natural probes," have been widely used in particle physics experiments. We have developed a cosmic ray telescope with an effective detection cross-section of one square meter to achieve high-precision tracking of high-energy cosmic ray muons. The instrument employs a modular design, innovatively combining a plastic scintillator strip with a layer of...
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1222. Development and testing of readout electronics for Stereoscopic Water Cherenkov Detector Arrayying zhang
Aiming to observe celestial gamma rays above 100 GeV, we have developed a new type of SWCDA (Stereoscopic Water Cherenkov Detector Array) for the EAS hybrid experiment. The first layer of each SWCDA unit is designed to observe the total energy and the direction of an air shower. The energy of primary cosmic rays can be inferred by measuring the total charge of secondary particles hitting the...
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Vincent Gousy-Leblanc
The P-ONE (Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment) is a future cubic km size, water Cherenkov neutrino telescope that will be located in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Canada. This telescope will contribute to the search for astrophysical neutrinos sources, test improved detection and calibration techniques, and conduct valuable oceanographic measurements.
The first line of the detector,...
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Bo Wang
The study developed a data acquisition (DAQ) system for cosmic ray tracking, using silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and scintillating fibers. The system employs a multi-layer, cross-aligned scintillating fiber detector structure, where the end faces of each fiber are coupled with multi-pixel photon counters (MPPCs), enabling the constrction of thousands of readout channels. By measuring the...
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Ulisses Barres (Brazilian Center for Physics Research (CBPF))
The Southern Wide-Field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is an international collaboration for the design and construction of the first wide-field gamma-ray observatory in the southern hemisphere. The observatory will be primarily based on surface water-Cherenkov detectors (WCD) sensitive to gamma rays from a few hundred GeV to the PeV. As part of the SWGO R&D activities, we developed a...
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Takashi Sako (University of Tokyo (JP))
Extended COSMOS, COSMOS X, is a major upgrade of the air shower simulation tool COSMOS, which has been developed since 1970’s. COSMOS X allows particle tracking not only in the atmosphere of the earth but in the arbitrary spherical media such as water, ice, scintillator, soil and concrete with a common center. This hybrid feature of COSMOS X extends the possibility of shower simulations in the...
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Ziqi Huang (Shandong University)
This study presents a hybrid detector design integrating water Cherenkov and liquid scintillator technologies for future ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) and gamma-ray observatories. The detector unit comprises a cylindrical structure with a cm-thick liquid scintillator layer sealed in a transparent acrylic chamber at the top, coupled with a purified water volume as the Cherenkov medium. A...
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Futatsu Sugimoto (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo)
The ALPACA experiment is a composite air shower array experiment aiming to observe cosmic rays and gamma rays in TeV to PeV energy range in the Southern Hemisphere. The experiment consists of a 83,000 m2 surface detector array and 3,600 m2 underground water Cherenkov type muon detector in the Chacaltaya plateau (4,740 m a.s.l) in Bolivia. Currently, the prototype experiment is fully...
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Dr Marcos Anzorena (ICRR, The University of Tokyo)
The ALPACA experiment is a new air-shower array experiment in Bolivia, with high sensitivity for gamma rays above 100 TeV. The prototype of the array, ALPAQUITA, is currently fully operational, with one about 1/4 of the total area of the full array.
With the goal of enabling long-term operation and future extensions, we have started developing new trigger electronics using modern...
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Koth Amratisha (Mahidol University)
The Solar Monitoring with Ions and Langmuir Instrument for the Next Generation (SMILING) mission is currently being developed in collaboration between researchers at Mahidol University and engineers at the National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (NARIT). The mission goals address space situational awareness, including space weather monitoring and observing the temporal variations...
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Dr Makoto Sasaki (UMCP / NASA GSFC / CRESST II)
The GRAMS (Gamma-Ray and AntiMatter Survey) program aims to deliver unprecedented sensitivities for astrophysical observations with MeV gamma rays and indirect dark matter searches with antimatter using a search for composite antinuclei (antideuteron and antihelium). GRAMS uses a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) to detect cosmic-ray / gamma-ray events. The capability of the...
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Prof. D. Chen (National Astronomical Observatories)
The Stereoscopic Water Cherenkov Detection Array (SWCDA) project is a next generation ground-based array experiment for high energy gamma-ray astronomy observation in the 100GeV-10TeV range. It is an innovative three-dimensional water Cherenkov detection array. Its main scientific objective is to observe blazars, active galactic nuclei (AGN or AGN flare), gamma-ray bursts, etc., in the 100...
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tian zhou (西南交通大学)
Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash (TGF), accompanied by lightning leader in atmosphere, is one of the hot topics in the high-energy atmospheric physics. To understand the downward TGFs detected by ground-based experiments, Monte Carlo simulations are performed with CORSIKA. The processes of relativistic runaway electron avalanche (RREA) induced by cosmic ray secondary electrons (referred as seed...
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Antonio Condorelli
Inspired by the detection of KM3NeT-230213A, the most energetic neutrino ever observed, we present a statistical analysis of the diffuse neutrino flux at the highest energies.To enhance the estimation of the muon background, we refine the modeling of atmospheric backgrounds and extend the capabilities of the MUPAGE generator with modifications optimized for ultra-high-energy...
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Chrysovalantis Karagiannis (NCSR Demokritos)
The KM3NeT research infrastructure comprises two submarine Cherenkov neutrino telescopes at two corresponding abyssal sites in the Mediterranean Sea. KM3NeT/ARCA is the detector under construction off Portopalo di Capo Passero, Sicily, Italy, at a depth of 3500 m. While collecting data already in a partial configuration, KM3NeT/ARCA aims at a volume of 1 $\textnormal{km}^3$ instrumented with a...
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Peter Marinos (Stanford)
The recent result from IceCube detecting the Milky Way (MW) in neutrinos is the first step towards including these particles in multi-messenger studies of our Galaxy.
The origin of the MW's cosmic rays (CRs) and their maximum energies can be constrained from the observed Galactic neutrino flux by comparing the measurements to the modelled spectra from CR propagation codes.Using the latest...
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Kenji Shinozaki
The DIMS (Dark matter and Interstellar Meteoroid Study) experiment aims to search for macroscopic dark matter and interstellar meteoroids by detecting moving light-spot events using a multiple high-sensitivity video camera system. The former, including nuclearites, are expected to be observed with a typical velocity of around 220 km/s in our galaxy. The latter are observed with velocities...
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Shoushan Zhang
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) has discovered over 40 ultra-high-energy gamma-ray sources with energies exceeding 100 TeV, ushering in a new era for ultra-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy. To better understand the fine structure of gamma-ray emissions from these sources, the team proposed the Large Array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (LACT) experiment,...
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Crystal Mele (Astronomical Institute, Ruhr University Bochum)
Galaxies with AGN-Starburst composite nuclei, like e.g. NGC1068, are candidates for a number of high energy processes. In particular, using radio data to understand the magnetic field strength and structure in these cores aids us in understanding the transport of cosmic ray electrons and in gaining an insight into the non-thermal outflow of both the starburst and AGN regions.
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Here we study... -
Jerzy Pryga
The CREDO collaboration aims to explore large-scale cosmic-ray phenomena with the help of citizen science. Currently, thousands of users around the world are using the CREDO Detector mobile application to turn their smartphones into particle detectors and contribute data directly to the database. Particle Hunters competitions is organised regularly for several years now to popularize...
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Nadja Lessing (IFIC, University of Valencia, CSIC)
The KM3NeT infrastructure comprises two water Cherenkov detectors in
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the Mediterranean Sea. Each detector is composed of multiple optical modules
that are subject to movement due to deep-sea currents. To ensure an accurate
reconstruction of neutrino events, the position and orientation of each optical
module needs to be tracked continuously. This is performed by means of a dedicated... -
Dr Shogo Nagahara (Nagoya University, Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability)
GRAINE (Gamma-Ray Astro Imager with Nuclear Emulsion) is large-aperture-area observation project of cosmic gamma rays in the GeV/sub-GeV for precise by long balloon flights of the nuclear emulsion telescope. Nuclear emulsion is a charged particle detector with the highest spatial resolution based on the principle of silver halide photography. Due to the high spatial resolution (submicron) of...
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Matheus Duarte Francisco (Universidade de São Paulo)
In this study, we revisit the models of Fermi acceleration, incorporating Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) through a phenomenological approach. LIV is introduced via a modified Einstein's dispersion relation, along with an adjustment to the Lorentz factor. We calculate the energy spectrum and acceleration time of particles accelerated by first- and second-order Fermi mechanisms as a function...
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Anthony Ficklin
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), launched to the International Space Station in 2015, provides more than 9 years of continuous observation of the radiation environment at low Earth orbit. Using this dataset, we present 5 months of observations following the May 2024 solar storms and the effects they had on the radiation belts across three electron energy ranges (>1.5, >3.4, and...
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Yihan Guo (SJTU)
The TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT) is a next-generation neutrino telescope to be built in the South China Sea. We are designing a sea trial platform for TRIDENT aiming to measure in-situ seawater properties, including radioactivity, bioluminescence, the opical absorption and scattering lengths , and the atmospheric muon flux. Compared to the version completed in September 2021,...
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Alessandro Veutro (Sapienza Università di Roma)
Core Collapse Supernovae (CCSNe) are among the most energetic astrophysical events in the Universe. Despite huge efforts on understanding the main ingredients triggering such explosions, we still lack of compelling evidences for the precise mechanism driving those phenomena. CCSNe are expected to produce Gravitational Waves (GWs) due to asymmetric mass motions in the collapsing core, and emit...
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Keitaro Fujita (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo)
The ALPACA experiment is currently under construction to achieve the first sub-PeV gamma-ray observations in the Southern Hemisphere. The observatory consists of a surface air shower array and underground muon detectors, following the successful design of the Tibet AS$\gamma$ experiment. As part of the initial phase, the ALPAQUITA array, comprising 97 surface detectors with 15$\,$m spacing,...
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Quan-Bu Gou gouqb
The Square Kilometer Array (KM2A) of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) can precisely measure the air shower sizes of electromagnetic and muonic components induced by cosmic rays. In this study, we propose a method for reconstructing the energy of primary cosmic rays at zenith angles larger than 50° using a neural network, based on a set of reconstructed parameters of KM2A...
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Sha Wu (IHEP)
The measurement of the energy spectrum of high-energy cosmic ray particles is crucial for understanding extreme astrophysical processes and the origins of cosmic rays. It is also one of the core scientific objectives of the LHAASO-KM2A experiment. Traditional energy reconstruction methods, such as maximum likelihood estimation and parametric fitting, rely on simplified assumptions about the...
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Elena Gensini (Universita e INFN, Firenze (IT))
The Large Hadron Collider-forward (LHCf) experiment plays a fundamental role in the field of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) physics, since it provides calibration data for the tuning of the hadronic interaction models used in the simulations of Extensive Air Showers (EASs).
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The LHCf experiment detects neutral particles produced in the very forward region of LHC collisions, thanks to its... -
Nikolay Budnev
The TAIGA-HiSCORE setup is part of a hybrid complex TAIGA and includes 120 optical stations distributed over an area of 1.1 km^2 with a step of 106 m. To reconstruct the energy of EAS with an energy above 1 PeV, the density of Cherenkov radiation at a distance of 200 m from the EAS axis is used, and at lower energies at a distance of 100 m from the axis. The depth of the EAS maximum was...
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Prof. Hyesung Kang (Pusan National University)
We investigate the potential contribution of radio galaxies (RGs) to ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) above $10^{18}$ eV. In earlier research, we used relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of jet-driven flows and a Monte Carlo method for cosmic-ray transport to show that shocks, turbulence, and relativistic shear can accelerate Galactic cosmic rays to energies exceeding $10^{20}$ eV. We...
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Nikolay Budnev
The Tunka-Grande experiment is a scintillation array with about 0.5 km2 sensitive area at Tunka Valley, Siberia. Its scientific program is to study cosmic rays and search for astrophysical gamma rays by detecting charged particles (electrons and muons) of extensive air showers (EAS).
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Estimation of the accuracy of the Tunka-Grande experimental data reconstruction is an important stage of... -
Yoshitaka TAIRA (Institute for Molecular Science)
In gamma-ray astronomy, detectors with high sensitivity in the MeV region, which have not yet been explored, are expected to be flown in space in the future [1]. In UVSOR synchrotron facility at Institute for Molecular Science, a MeV gamma-ray pulse source has been developed for user applications such as positron annihilation spectroscopy [2] and gamma-ray detector evaluation. Gamma rays with...
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Maxwell Nakos (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
KM3NeT has recently reported the detection of a very high-energy neutrino event, while IceCube has previously set upper limits on the differential neutrino flux above 100 PeV but has yet to observe a neutrino event with an energy comparable to that of the KM3NeT detection. To improve diffuse measurements above 10 PeV, we apply machine learning techniques to enhance atmospheric muon background...
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Kevin Munari (INAF - National Institute for Astrophysics)
ServiMon is a scalable data collection and auditing pipeline designed for service-oriented, cost-efficient quality control in distributed environments, including the CTAO monitoring, logging, and alarm subsystems. Developed within a Docker-based architecture, it leverages cloud-native technologies and distributed computing principles to enhance system observability and reliability.
At its...
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Matthias Thiesmeyer (University of Wisconsin - Madison)
Searches for astrophysical neutrino sources in IceCube rely on an unbinned likelihood that consists of an energy and spatial component. Accurate modeling of the detector, ice, and spatial distributions leads to improved directional and energy reconstructions that result in increased sensitivity. In this work, we utilize our best knowledge of the detector ice properties and detector...
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Etienne Lyard
We develop Artificial Intelligence agents based on instruction-finetuned large language models (LLMs) to assist in the engineering and operation of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) Control and Data Acquisition Software (ACADA). These agents align with project-specific documentation and codebases, understand contextual information, interact with external interfaces, and...
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Chiara Jane Papior (Experimentelle Astroteilchenphysik, Center for Particle Physics Siegen, Universität Siegen)
Charged cosmic-ray particles interact with the cosmic microwave background during their propagation over extragalactic distances. In the interaction known as the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) effect, so-called GZK photons are generated via photo-pion production at ultra-high energy. The flux of GZK photons at Earth depends on different parameters of the cosmic-ray spectrum such as the spectral...
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Johannes Bennemann
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a future TeV gamma-ray observatory to be built in Chile. The high-duty cycle experiment will consist of over 6000 water-Cherenkov tanks equipped with two photomultiplier tubes each. The available computational infrastructure will not be sufficient to handle all the raw data SWGO will produce. Therefore, to limit the computational...
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Dr Yanlin Yu (Insititute of High Energy Physics)
This work employs multivariate machine learning (ML) approaches to perform event reconstruction and gamma/hadron separation with the Tibet ASgamma experiment. We have simulated the entire composite array of the Tibet ASgamma experiment (Tibet III+MD), by using full Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation sample has been divided into two data sets, the high-energy data set (E > ~10 TeV) and the...
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Ian James Watson (University of Seoul)
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a proposed next-generation TeV gamma-ray observatory and the first wide-field experiment dedicated to exploring the southern gamma-ray sky. In this study, we present DeepEASTER (Deep learning for Extensive Air Shower Targeted Event Reconstruction), an attention-based neural network designed to optimize event reconstruction for SWGO. The...
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Simon Strähnz (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)
The surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory has recently been
upgraded with the addition of radio antennas, forming the Radio Detector (RD).
This
contribution outlines the standard methods for reconstructing extensive air
showers using the RD, along with recent developments.The reconstruction pipeline is based on a robust understanding of the detector
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itself. The entire... -
Washington Carvalho Jr.
We have developed a radio detection mass discrimination method for cosmic ray events. This method uses supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms, namely random forests, to discriminate between light (p) and heavy (Fe) primary compositions on an event-by-event basis. It bypasses any $X_{max}$ reconstructions and instead tries to infer the primary composition directly. To perform the...
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Waleska Aldana Segura
Curiosity and interest in basic physics are greatly stimulated by scientific outreach and education. We make state-of-the-art cosmic ray research accessible to students, teachers, and the general public through programs like the Quanta Exposition and the Leon Lederman Seminar Series. These initiatives combine practical demonstrations, talks delivered by experts, and international partnerships...
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Viviana Scherini (Università del Salento and INFN Lecce, Italy)
Since 2021, the Open Data Portal has provided access to the Pierre Auger Observatory's data for both the scientific community and the general public. The data release process has been in place since the Observatory's foundation and continues to be strengthened as outlined in the approved policy and the Observatory’s Data Management Plan. More than $80\,000$ cosmic-ray events above $10^{17}$...
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Yael Deniz (University of Idaho)
Neutrino Oscillation Tomography probes the structure of the Earth by leveraging the dependence of atmospheric neutrino oscillation probabilities on changes in the electron number density (the product of density and composition) along the neutrino path. This technique provides a complement to other geophysical methods (e.g., seismology) for studying the Earth's core and mantle.
A target for...
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François Brun (IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France)
The HESS Galactic Plane Survey (HGPS), published in 2018, presented a decade of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations along the Galactic plane. This study was accompanied by the release of several maps in FITS format, offering a detailed view of the region. The flux upper-limits from these HGPS maps can be compared to the high-energy (HE) spectra of sources catalogued by the Fermi-LAT...
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Victoria Tokareva
The KASCADE Cosmic-Ray Data Centre (KCDC) is a public data centre for high-energy astroparticle physics, built on the legacy data of the KASCADE experiment. For over a decade, KCDC has supported major research data practices, such as open data, open source, and open education. It provides users with a public REST (REpresentational State Transfer) API for data retrieval, information on data...
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Robert Brose (Universität Potsdam)
Fast Blue Optical Transients (FBOTs) are luminous short-lived events, that strongly emit at blue colors around their peak in the optical waveband. The late-time emission shows similarities to supernovae (SNe) associated with long GRBs and superluminous SNe but the origin of FBOTs is not yet understood. However, the fast rise-time of the optical emission of a few days indicates fast-moving...
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Suyog GARG (The University of Tokyo)
Gravitational-Wave detections employ the Matched Filtering based algorithms for making the detections. Matched Filtering works by matching data from the incoming data stream with waveform templates from the templates banks generated in some interested parameter space. Since the parameter space can be large if we want to include most of the detections, generating a template bank can involve...
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Diego Mauricio Gomez Coral (Universidad Nacional Autonoma (MX))
The baryon asymmetry observed in our universe today, suggests that the baryon number (B) must be violated and theories Beyond the Standard Model are necessary to explain the early evolution of our universe [1]. The observation of a B-violating process has been elusive so far, however, the n-$\bar{\text{n}}$ oscillation process has the potential to be measured in the next decade [2]. This would...
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Cyann PLARD
Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) arises from modifications to the dispersion relation of massless particles in effective models attempting to coherently merge quantum field theories and general relativity. One way of detecting or constraining LIV effects is by measuring time delays in the arrival of high-energy photons from astrophysical sources. Suitable targets are variable, distant and...
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Muhtesem Akif Korkmaz (Middle East Technical University (TR))
After atmospheric muons enter the sea, a decreased muon count is observed at the bottom of water. Muon count is inversely proportional to the density of water which can be measured by counting muons at the bottom. Mixed Layer (ML) in Oceans is defined as the less dense upper region of the water column where turbulent mixing occurs. Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) is the depth of this region and shows...
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SAYORA IBRAIMOVA (Satbayev University, Institute of Physics and Technology)
This paper proposes an approach that improves the accuracy of reconstructing the primary energy at ground-based cosmic-ray stations. The problems of determining the primary energy caused by large fluctuations in the development of an extensive air shower are considered in detail.
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The information obtained during the study of EAS is of a very indirect nature, since the first interaction of a... -
Waleed Esmail (University Münster)
The Einstein Telescope (ET) is a third-generation gravitational wave observatory. As a ground-based detector, it is particularly susceptible to seismic noise at low frequencies, particularly for frequencies below 10 Hz. Accurately predicting seismic waveforms can aid in mitigating the impact of seismic noise, thereby enhancing the detector's sensitivity in these frequency ranges—an essential...
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Jeremy Buhler (Washington University in St. Louis)
FPGAs are widely deployed on high-energy astrophysics telescopes to read out sensor data from front-end electronics. To support continuous data streams or high trigger rates, FPGA logic may be employed to process raw sensor readout values, reducing the volume of data transmitted, processed, and stored by downstream CPU-based computational platforms. Traditionally, this logic is specified in a...
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Milena Crnogorcevic
In standard cosmological models, dark matter (DM) overdensities known as prompt cusps can form in the early Universe, persisting through cosmic time. Unlike resolved DM substructures, these dense cusps produce an annihilation flux that scales linearly with the DM density, $\rho$, rather than $\rho^2$. This results in an extended, yet bright, annihilation signal from massive structures such as...
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Igor Moskalenko
We are reporting about recent updates to the GALPROP framework for propagation of Galactic cosmic rays and associated diffuse emissions. GALPROP is a comprehensive interpretation package, combining the results of individual measurements in physics and astronomy spanning in energy coverage, types of instrumentation, and the nature of detected species. Its range of physical validity extends from...
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Samanta Macera (Gran Sasso Science Institute)
Prompt emission of GRB is believed to be produced from electrons accelerated up to non thermal energies in the internal shocks. This emission peaks in the keV-MeV energy band, but a high energy (HE; 0.1<E<100 GeV) component is theoretically expected. While photons in the very high energy (VHE; E>20GeV) domain have been detected by Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes in recent years,...
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Analisa Gabriela Mariazzi (Instituto de Fisica La Plata)
Gamma-ray observatories must efficiently distinguish gamma-ray-induced showers from the abundant background of hadronic showers. The shape of the lateral signal distribution offers crucial information for this task. Sb is a key observable that characterizes the shape of the lateral signal distribution. It is computed using the signal and position of each triggered detector, along with a free...
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Hugo Valentin Boutin (Universite de Geneve (CH))
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer experiment allows for $\gamma$-ray detection up to TeV energies, with an unprecedented energy resolution of about 1\%, which makes it a unique instrument for $\gamma$-ray physics at these energies. A deep-learning tool for track reconstruction has already been developed for electrons and ions. We used this tool on $\gamma$-ray samples to assess its efficiency...
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Claudio Galelli (INFN Milano)
This contribution introduces gammapy_SyLC, an open-source Python package designed for time-domain analysis of gamma-ray light curves, with applications to AGNs. SyLC enables synthetic light curve generation with controlled variability properties using the Timmer&Koenig and Emmanoulopoulos algorithms. It also implements statistical tools for characterizing time series properties through power...
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William Labrador
The Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder for the International Space Station (TIGERISS) is an ultra-heavy galactic cosmic ray (UHGCR) detector planned for installation at the Columbus SOX location of the International Space Station (ISS) in 2027. TIGERISS will improve on previous instruments by using silicon strip detectors (SSDs) to achieve greater linearity in signal response over an...
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Matthias Vereecken
In the last decade, IceCube has been able to probe astrophysical sources to test cosmic ray acceleration mechanisms and shine light on properties previously unseen, such as sub- photospheric density and baryon loading. While IceCube is specifically built for neutrino astronomy at TeV and higher neutrino energies, GeV neutrino detection is possible by utilizing the densely populated subvolume...
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Parshad Patel (George Mason University)
The Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) is an upcoming NASA Small Explorer mission focused on exploring the 0.2-5 MeV energy range in the electromagnetic spectrum. This MeV gap has long been underexplored due to technical challenges, in particular the high instrument and astrophysical backgrounds in this energy regime. COSI aims to conduct spectroscopy, imaging, and polarimetry of cosmic...
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Dr Lech Piotrowski (University of Warsaw)
GRANDlib is an open-source software tool designed to meet the computational challenges of the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND), such as production of numerous simulations of particle showers and their detection, and a high data throughput. Its primary goal is to perform end-to-end simulations of the detector operation, from the interaction of ultra-high-energy particles,...
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Rocio Garcia Ginez
ALPAQUITA is the prototype of a new gamma-ray observatory, the Andes Large Particle Detector for Cosmic Ray Physics and Astronomy (ALPACA), currently under construction at an altitude of 4,740 meters above sea level on a wide plateau near Chacaltaya Mountain in Bolivia. ALPACA will be a hybrid detector comprising a large area of scintillator-based detectors and underground water Cherenkov muon...
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Ezequiel Rodriguez (ITeDA-KIT)
Ultra-high-energy photons have long been sought as tracers of the most energetic processes in the universe. Several components contribute to an expected diffuse photon flux, including interactions of cosmic rays with Galactic matter and radiation fields, as well as more exotic scenarios such as the decay of super-heavy dark matter. Regardless of their origin, the expected flux is extremely...
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Robert Brose
Supernova (SN) explosions interacting with dense circumstellar medium are considered to be very promising sites for efficient cosmic-ray (CR) acceleration and subsequent emission of neutral-pion-decay gamma rays. These environments share similarities with already detected gamma-ray novae, but with much higher available energy content, making them an important component in the search for PeV CR...
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Mr Sovan Boxi (Raman Research Institute)
The very-high-energy γ-ray source HESS J1809-193 has been detected by the LHAASO and HAWC observatory beyond 100 TeV energy. It is an interesting candidate for exploring the underlying mechanisms of γ-ray production due to the presence of supernova remnants, pulsars, and molecular clouds close to it. We have considered the injection of the energetic cosmic rays from a past explosion, whose...
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Ombretta Pinazza (Universita e INFN, Bologna (IT))
A series of intense solar flares occurred in May 2024. Among other effects, a remarkable Forbush decrease in the cosmic ray flux was observed on the Earth. This event was observed by neutron and muon detectors installed at the Svalbard, in a high latitude site, characterized by a weak geomagnetic shielding. For this analysis we employed at Ny-Ålesund three scintillator-based muon telescopes of...
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Francesco Nozzoli (Universita degli Studi di Trento and INFN-TIFPA (IT))
The PHeSCAMI project (Pressurized Helium Scintillating Calorimeter for AntiMatter Identification) aims to identify anti-deuterium in cosmic rays by exploiting the existence of delayed annihilations (~μs) expected in a pressurized helium target. The technique relies on measuring the helium scintillation signal (80 nm), which requires a two-stage WLS (Wavelength Shifter) conversion. This...
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Sabrina Einecke (University of Adelaide)
Numerous high-energy gamma-ray sources have been detected along the Galactic Plane. While some of them are associated to objects like supernova remnants or pulsar wind nebulae, a significant portion remains unassociated, hindering our understanding of the objects and detailed mechanisms that produce such extreme energies. To pinpoint the origins of the gamma-ray emission, we need to identify...
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Prof. Zhiyuan Pei (Guangzhou University)
The detection of Tera-electronvolt (TeV; 10$^{12}$ electronvolts) emission in extragalactic galaxies has sparked renewed interest in exploring the characteristics and underlying physics of the enigmatic emission component. To delve deeper into the nature of TeV-detected blazars and unravel the mechanisms driving their high-energy behavior, we compiled a comprehensive sample comprising 51 TeV...
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Yuji Zhu (Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology)
The interplanetary propagation of solar energetic particles (SEPs) can be influenced by large-scale interplanetary structures. The Heliospheric Current Sheet (HCS) is one such large scale structure that persists in the interplanetary solar wind background. Observations show that the time profile, onset time and other characteristics of the SEP flux change significantly after crossing the HCS....
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Dr Vitalii Sliusar (University of Geneva)
The Large-Sized Telescope 1 (LST-1) is a 23-meter atmospheric imaging Cherenkov telescope designed to achieve gamma-ray sensitivity down to energies of tens of GeVs. The first prototype has been constructed and is currently undergoing commissioning at the northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) at La Palma, Spain. Three additional LSTs are currently under construction...
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Prof. Zhiyuan Pei (Guangzhou University)
The location of gamma-ray-emitting region in blazars has been an open issue for several decades and is still being debated. We use a large sample of gamma-ray-loud FSRQs with available spectral energy distributions and employ a so-called “seed photon factor approach” to locate the γ-ray production region. We principally ascertain that the GeV emission originated far beyond the broad-line...
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Alena Bakalova (FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences)
The hybrid detection approach in astroparticle physics has been successfully employed in cosmic-ray experiments and is currently being explored by gamma-ray observatories like LHAASO. We present a study on the hybrid detection concept for the future Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO), integrating multiple Cherenkov telescopes represented in the analysis by Single-Mirror...
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Davide Mollica (INAF)
In the last decade, Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) have become a standard component of High Performance Computing systems and are now ubiquitous in consumer-grade hardware. Their massive parallel architecture offers significantly higher computing throughput and energy efficiency than traditional CPU-based solutions. In the context of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs),...
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Manbing Li (Universite de Geneve (CH))
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space-based cosmic-ray observatory capable of measuring cosmic-ray electrons and positrons (CREs) with high precision up to 10 TeV. However, at multi-TeV energies, the low CRE rate necessitates an extended acceptance, including non-fiducial events. To recover these events, we introduce a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) trained on calorimeter...
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Bryan Hendricks
Ultra-High-Energy neutrinos are an invaluable messenger for learning about the most energetic and distant processes in the universe. Detecting them is challenging due to their extremely low flux and small cross section, necessitating immense detection volumes. The Radio Neutrino Observatory in Greenland (RNO-G) addresses this challenge by leveraging the Askaryan effect, using sparse radio...
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Hao Sun (Shandong university)
The study of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in heavy-ion collisions provides a crucial window into quantum chromodynamics under extreme conditions. While collider experiments aim to create and analyze QGP, similar phenomena may naturally occur in ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) interactions, where collision energies can exceed those achieved in laboratories. In this work, we employ the CORSIKA...
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Kaustav Dutta
The IceCube Upgrade, currently under construction at the geographic South Pole, is the next development stage of the IceCube detector. It will consist of seven new columns of novel optical sensors and advanced calibration devices densely deployed at the bottom center of the existing array. The sensors are frozen into the ice in boreholes created by hot water drilling. The refreezing forms hole...
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Ken Ohashi (Universitaet Bern (CH))
The Pierre Auger Observatory first reported the excess of the measured number of muons compared to that in the simulation in 2015, which was confirmed by the following analysis with other experiments. This revealed the muon puzzle, which might be caused by some unknown mechanism suppressing the neutral pion productions in an air shower. Several scenarios are proposed, including the strangeness...
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Frank Schroeder (Bartol Research Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware; and Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)
IceTop, the km² surface array of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole, is sensitive to air showers of all primary particles, including gamma rays. In particular, in the PeV energy range, the combination of IceTop and IceCube’s deep optical detector provides excellent gamma-hadron separation. Almost all air showers induced by cosmic-ray protons and heavier nuclei in this energy...
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Giacomo Sommani (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)
In 2016, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory launched its realtime program. When a neutrino candidate of likely astrophysical origin is detected, a public alert is issued, typically within one minute. These alerts allow the astrophysical community to follow up on the region of the sky where the neutrino likely originated. Initially, the system issued around six track-signature alerts per year,...
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Dr Sandro Gonzi (Università degli Studi di Firenze e INFN)
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), operating aboard the International Space Station since October 2015, is an experiment dedicated to high-energy astroparticle physics. The primary scientific goal of the experiment is the measurement of the electron+positron flux up to the multi-TeV region. At such high energies, proton contamination - coupled with limited statistics - is the main...
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Ian Herzog (Michigan State University)
The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory surveys the very-high-energy sky in the energy range between 300 GeV and >100 TeV. Its wide field of view makes it particularly suitable for studying large, extended regions of emission that often contain multiple point and diffuse sources of gamma rays. Existing blind search methods to detect sources in HAWC data use a computationally...
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Dr Brían Ó Fearraigh (INFN University of Genoa)
The Cubic Kilometre Neutrino Telescope - KM3NeT - is subject to an intense flux of atmospheric muons, even at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. These atmospheric muons are created by the collisions of cosmic rays with nuclei of the upper atmosphere and their subsequent interactions, and as such, serve as probes of cosmic ray physics. The KM3NeT/ARCA and KM3NeT/ORCA detectors are located...
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Shibre Semane (University of the Witwatersrand)
Radio astronomy has emerged in the last decade as a promising approach for detecting Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) annihilation and decay signatures, particularly due to its capability to distinguish and detect diffuse emission.
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Local Group dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are ideal targets for these searches due to their high dark-matter content and low astrophysical... -
Dr Alexander Kyriacou (University of Kansas)
The upper 20 meters of the polar ice sheets exhibit significant density inhomogeneity, causing significant fluctuations in the in-ice signal amplitude as a function of depth. Understanding these effects is crucial for radio-based ultra-high-energy neutrino searches using ice as a detection medium. We present in-situ measurements of density ($\rho$) and refractive index ($n$) in the upper 13...
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Quentin LUCE (Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay (France))
The Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) are nuclei carrying the highest energy ever measured on Earth. The first particle with an energy above 10^{20} eV was already observed in the 1960s. But, after 60 years of observations, the sources of UHECRs remains uncertain. To tackle this unresolved question, the Pierre Auger Observatory, the largest observatory ever built, has recorded the...
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Simon Strähnz (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)
Detection of extensive air showers with radio antennas is an appealing technique in cosmic ray physics. However, because of the high level of measurement noise, current reconstruction methods still leave room for improvement. Furthermore, reconstruction efforts typically focus only on a single aspect of the signal, such as the energy fluence or arrival time. Bayesian inference is then a...
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Dr Haifa Alrebdi (Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia)
We present predictions from phenomenological models to study the transverse momentum spectra of identified hadrons in Au+Au collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7.7 GeV, as measured by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. This analysis evaluates the performance of Monte Carlo models Pythia8.3 and EPOS (EPOS4 and EPOSLHC) by comparing their predictions with experimental...
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Samy Kaci (Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
We present our new model of very-high-energy (VHE) cosmic rays incorporating discrete distributions of cosmic-ray sources, allowing for a more realistic description of our Galaxy. Using our model, we investigate two diffusion regimes, namely homogeneous and inhomogeneous diffusion around the cosmic-ray sources, and show how to constrain the birthrate of PeVatrons supernova remnants (SNRs). We...
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Davide Serini (Universita e INFN, Bari (IT))
The Antarctic Demonstrator for the Advanced Particle-astrophysics Telescope (ADAPT) gamma-ray/cosmic-ray instrument serves as a precursor to the proposed APT mission. This mission is designed to improve sensitivity in the MeV-TeV gamma-ray range by an order of magnitude compared to current missions and is optimized for dark-matter and multimessenger research. The ADAPT instrument uses...
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Anna Nelles (DESY Zeuthen)
NuRadio is an open-source, Python-based software package for the simulation, analysis and reconstruction of the radio emission from ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos and cosmic rays. While NuRadio has so far mainly been used for in-ice radio neutrino detectors, such as ARIANNA, RNO-G and the future IceCube-Gen2 radio array, its modularity, provision of standard data processing steps for radio...
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Dr Luiz Augusto Stuani Pereira (Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física (IFUSP), São Paulo, Brazil)
Blazars are a special subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) characterized by a relativistic jet aligned at a small angle to the observer’s line of sight. Their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are dominated by non-thermal emission and exhibit two broad, distinct components: a low-energy component, spanning from radio to UV or X-ray wavelengths, and a high-energy component, extending...
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Conor McGrath (Queen's University)
Hodoscopes are a common addition to astroparticle experiments in which reconstruction of an incident particle’s path is required. Traditionally, hodoscope designs were composed of strips of thin (∼ mm diameter) scintillating fibers woven into bundles and read by photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). As the surface area of PMT faces are much larger than that of the fiber, multiple fibers were...
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Olga Sergijenko
Gamma-ray observations of astrophysical neutrino sources are crucial for understanding neutrino production in extreme cosmic environments. The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), the first open-access ground-based gamma-ray observatory, is under construction in both hemispheres, CTAO-North in La Palma (Spain) and CTAO-South in the Atacama Desert (Chile). Covering an energy range from...
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Vital De Henau
Double-bump showers are a rare class of extensive air showers (EAS) predicted by Monte Carlo simulations. They occur when a high-energy secondary particle, the leading particle, travels significantly farther than the rest, creating a distinct double-peaked longitudinal profile. So far, no experiment has been able to directly detect these showers. The unique radio footprint of double-bump...
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Rasha Abbasi (Loyola University Chicago)
This study presents preliminary results from the analysis of cosmic-ray anisotropy using air showers detected by the IceTop surface array between 2011 and 2022. With improved statistical precision and updated Monte Carlo event simulations compared to previous IceTop reports, we investigate anisotropy patterns across four energy ranges spanning from 300 TeV to 6.6 PeV. This work extends the...
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Vittorio Parisi (University of Genova)
The study of high-energy neutrino emission from astrophysical sources is a key component of multi-messenger astronomy, aiming to uncover the mechanisms of cosmic particle acceleration. Astrophysical sources capable of accelerating cosmic rays to very high energies are expected to produce both neutrino and gamma-ray emissions. Consequently, potential neutrino emissions from known gamma-ray...
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Yu Luo (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
Pulsar wind nebulae are bubbles of magnetized electron-positron plasma formed by interaction between ultra-relativistic pulsar winds and environmental materials. Their emissions cover a wide range of wavelength, and especially their persistent gamma-ray emissions make it essential to model their properties accurately for a proper interpretation of the visible Galaxy. From previous...
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Emma McGinness
SN1006 is a characteristic supernova remnant exhibiting a bilateral shape, with non-thermal X-ray and TeV emission more prominent in two polar cap regions aligned with the ambient magnetic field. Further, a large scale gradient in ambient density is observed in a direction roughly perpendicular to the magnetic axis.
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We model the radio to gamma-ray spectrum of SN1006 using a self-consistent,... -
Dr Hari Haran Balakrishnan
The atmospheric electric field (AEF) is an important property of the Earth's atmosphere and varies because of the effects of local weather, seasonal variations, and global electrical circuits. During fair weather conditions, the AEF is measured to have an ambient field of about a few hundred volts per meter (V/m) near the ground. The resultant positive field is an outcome of a complex process...
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Yifeng Wei (University of Science and Technology of China (CN))
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) has made significant progress in measuring cosmic ray nuclei. These new measurements are pivotal in advancing our understanding of the origins and propagation mechanisms of cosmic rays. The Bismuth Germanium Oxide (BGO) calorimeter plays a crucial role in these measurements, particularly in the precise determination of cosmic ray fluxes. However, for a...
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Fahim Varsi (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory studies cosmic-ray initiated extensive air showers (EASs) using the IceTop surface array, which is sensitive to the electromagnetic and low-energy muonic components of EASs. The two components are reconstructed on an event-by-event basis by simultaneously fitting separate lateral distribution functions (LDFs) for the electromagnetic and muonic components of...
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Haruki Iiyama (Yamagata Univ.)
MeV gamma-ray observations are a probe for uncovering various physical phenomena, such as the search for dark matter and primordial black holes, and the study of the nucleosynthesis in the Universe. However, the current sensitivity of MeV gamma-ray observations is not enough to achieve scientific goals.
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For high sensitivity MeV band observations, we have been developing an electron-tracking... -
Ettore Zaffaroni (Universite de Geneve (CH))
The LACTEL project proposes the development of a Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) for cosmic electron and gamma-ray observations, through the study of Extensive Air Showers (EAS).
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It aims to improve gamma-ray and electron observations above 10 TeV, suppressing the hadron background through muon tagging.
Additionally, the project will also serve as a multidisciplinary platform for... -
yaki hana (SJTU)
TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT) will use large-area silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays in the hybrid Digital Optical Module (hDOM) to improve the single-photon time resolution of Cherenkov radiation detection, achieving better angular resolution.
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We present the design of the SiPM array readout electronics.
The front-end circuit consists of SiPM arrays in a series-parallel... -
Prof. Huang Jing huangjing (Institute of high energy physics, CAS)
The interpretation of EAS data depends on the hadronic interaction model, which faces theoretical and experimental uncertainties that significantly impede the study of cosmic ray composition. To evaluate the reliability of these models, it is vital to examine the lateral density distributions of muons and electrons, as they are sensitive to hadronic interactions that occur during EAS...
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Chengming Liu (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Perugia)
The existence of fractionally charged particles (FCP) is foreseen in extensions of or beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The FCP is commonly assumed to be a kind of heavy lepton-like particle which is searched in cosmic-rays by underground and space experiments. The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space telescope launched on December 17th, 2015 and has taken data since...
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Alisha Chromey (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory)
CTA 1 is a shell-type supernova remnant (SNR) with a central pulsar wind nebula (PWN), visible at very-high-energy (VHE) from 50 GeV to 100 TeV in a moderately extended emission region. While general consensus concludes the VHE emission originates from relativistic leptons accelerated by the PWN and undergoing inverse Compton scattering, questions remain about electron escape and propagation,...
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Kejun Guo
Lightning is a common electrical discharge phenomenon in the atmosphere, which involves processes of lightning leader and return stroke. The strength of the atmospheric electric field (AEF) in the lightning leader can be up to 3000-4000 V/cm. In such a strong field, the relativistic runaway electron avalanche (RREA) mechanism could be initiated by the secondary electrons in extensive air...
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Christian Glaser (Uppsala University)
Radio detection of cosmic rays and neutrinos is an established technique pursued by many experiments. However, current reconstruction methods ignore bin-to-bin correlations of the measured waveforms, which limits reconstruction resolution and, so far, has prevented calculations of event-by-event uncertainties. In this work, we solve this shortcoming and present a likelihood description of...
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Dr Vitalii Sliusar (University of Geneva)
Recent advancements in single-photon detection, such as Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs), have enabled picosecond-resolution measurements of photon arrival times. These technologies are crucial for applications like Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) and Intensity Interferometry (II), where atmospheric effects on photon propagation remain a key limiting factor. Previous studies predicted...
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Dr richharia mahendra
ABSTRACT
THE PURPOSE OF PRESENT REASEARCH WORK DEALS WITH THE STUDY OF FIRST THREE HARMONICS OFCOSMIC RAY INTENSITY ON GEOMAGNETICALLY QUIET DAYS FOR WORLD WIDE NETWORK OF NEUTRON MONITORING STATIONS .THE DIURNAL AMPLITUDE SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASE DURING THE PERIOD OFMINIMUM SOLAR ACTIVITY.THE PHASE OF FIRST HARMONICS SHIFT TO AN EARLIER TIME COMPARED TO THE COROTATIONAL / 1800 HOURS...
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Cyann PLARD (Laboratoire d'Annecy de physique des particules, CNRS, université Savoie Mont-Blanc)
The fast variability of very-high energy (VHE) sources such as pulsars, gamma-rays bursts (GRBs) or flares of active galactic nuclei (AGN) can be used to detect or constrain Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) by measuring lags in the arrival time of VHE photons. However, an important source of uncertainty arises from processes within the source that may induce intrinsic photon delays....
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Lara Sofía Barreiro (Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina))
We present a toolkit developed with students at the LAMBDA laboratory at Buenos Aires University, which facilitates data acquisition, calibration, and reconstruction of particle events. We designed this kit around the Sony IMX477 CMOS sensor, an affordable off-the-shelf sensor priced at around 50 USD and easily integrated with a Raspberry Pi. This camera enables, for example, the visualization...
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Christoph Raab (UCLouvain)
Neutrino observations are a crucial component of multi-messenger astronomy, but are currently limited by effective area and high atmospheric background. However, while other telescopes with limited field of view must be pointed in order to capture observations, IceCube’s full-sky field of view and high uptime make it an excellent instrument for realtime follow-up of astrophysical transient...
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Paras Koundal
Surface radio antenna-based measurements of cosmic-ray air showers present significant computational challenges in accurately reconstructing physics observables, in particular, the depth of shower maximum, Xmax. State-of-the-art template fitting methods rely on extensive simulation libraries, limiting scalability. This work introduces a technique utilizing graph neural networks to reconstruct...
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Mansi Talwar (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai)
The GRAPES-3 experiment is a ground-based extensive air shower array which consists of approximately 400 closely packed plastic scintillator detectors and a large area muon telescope. Estimating the number of associated muons created in an air shower is crucial to understand the properties of primary cosmic rays. The GRAPES-3 muon telescope(G3MT) records these secondary muons, however, the...
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Dr Tomás Capistrán (Università degli Studi di Torino & INFN Sezione di Torino)
The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory comprises 300 water Cherenkov detectors, each equipped with four photomultipliers, located on the Volcán Sierra Negra in Mexico at 4,100 masl. This observatory can detect gamma rays in an energy range from 300 GeV to 100 TeV and cosmic rays from 100 GeV to 1 PeV. One of HAWC’s primary challenges is characterizing air showers and estimate...
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Francisco Javier Vara Carbonell (University of Münster)
Neural networks (NNs) have a great potential for future neutrino telescopes such as IceCube-Gen2, the planned high-energy extension of the IceCube observatory. IceCube-Gen2 will feature new optical sensors with multiple photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) designed to provide omnidirectional sensitivity. Neural networks excel at handling high-dimensional problems and can naturally incorporate the...
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Arul Bagga
The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM) experiment was designed to study high-energy cosmic rays on the ISS. The primary scientific goals of ISS-CREAM are to explore the origin, acceleration mechanisms, and propagation of cosmic rays with charges ranging from Z = 1 to Z = 26 in the energy range of approximately $10^{12}$ to $10^{15}$ eV. The...
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Oindrila Ghosh (Stockholm University & the Oskar Klein Centre)
Galaxy clusters host tangled magnetic fields, shaped by primordial seeds and amplified through cosmic dynamo action. While these fields stabilize over time, merger-driven shock waves can trigger magnetic amplification, sustained over the shock lifetime. Diffuse non-thermal emission and polarization measurements from radio relics indicate a magnetisation of the intracluster medium due to merger...
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Anna Eimer (Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg)
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic-kilometer Cherenkov array deployed in the deep, glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. An important feature of the instrumented ice are undulations of layers of constant optical properties over the footprint of the detector. During detector construction, these layers were mapped using stratigraphy measurements obtained from a stand-alone laser...
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Keitaro Fujita (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo)
We report on the cosmic ray mass composition measured by the Telescope Array Low-energy Extension (TALE) hybrid detector. The TALE detector began hybrid operations in 2017 after a surface detector (SD) array of 80 scintillation counters, 40 detectors with 400 m spacing and 40 with 600 m spacing, was added in front of the Middle Drum telescope station which includes 10 high-elevation...
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Subhalaxmi Rout
Precise measurements of the nuclear composition and energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays at the knee and beyond are crucial for understanding their astrophysical origin, acceleration mechanisms, and interactions with the interstellar medium. The GRAPES-3 experiment, located in Ooty, India, consists of a densely packed array of scintillator detectors and large area tracking muon detector...
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Ginga Imaizumi (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo)
To investigate the mechanism responsible for the steepening beyond the knee, it is necessary to measure the energy spectra of individual nuclear elements. The Tibet ASγ experiment is designed specifically to observe the shower maximum around the energy of the knee. It employs a high-density air-shower array (Tibet-III) to measure the charged particles, designated by the sum of charged particle...
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Simone Iovenitti
ASTRI is an international project led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) aimed at the construction and operation of an array of nine Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (ASTRI Mini-Array) at the Observatorio del Teide in Tenerife. The primary goal of the project is to study gamma-ray astrophysical sources in the very high-energy domain, particularly at multi-TeV...
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Paola La Rocca (University and INFN, Catania (IT), Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome (IT))
Measurements of the cosmic ray flux at large latitudes, close to the Arctic Circle, were carried out in the last years by the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Collaboration on board of a small boat, sailing from 66° to 82° N. A compact, scintillator-based, cosmic ray telescope was employed during such campaign. These measurements were later complemented at smaller latitudes, across Europe, from 35°...
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EMRE YILDIZCI (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has observed astrophysical neutrinos with energies ranging from a few TeV to multiple PeV. To extend the energy range beyond 10 PeV, we combine through-going tracks from the northern sky, high-energy starting tracks, contained cascades and uncontained cascades from the entire sky. This extension is critical for testing models that predict a common origin for...
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Seungho Han
Atmospheric neutrinos play a crucial role in a wide range of physics analyses at Super-Kamiokande. They serve as signals for testing the neutrino mass ordering, while also contributing as backgrounds in searches for rare events such as proton decay, supernova neutrinos, and cosmic dark matter interactions. Tagging neutrons in atmospheric neutrino interactions significantly enhances these...
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Mr Yuto Maekawa (Keio University)
The Super-Kamiokande detector has measured solar neutrinos for more than 25 years.The sensitivity to solar neutrino measurement is limited by the uncertainties of energy scale and the background modeling. One of the major background events is the spallation products created by the cosmic ray muons in the detector water tank. Some of the negative muons stop in the tank and are captured by the...
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Ms Carolina Marisol Aguilar Rivera (Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación y Enseñanza de la Ciencia and Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla)
We describe the design, construction and operation of a compact cosmic rays (CRs) telescope of TRASGO (TRAck reconStructinG bOx) type, consisting of four resistive plate chambers (RPCs), located in Puebla City, Mexico, at a latitude/longitude of 18° 59' 56" N/98° 11' 41" W. and 2100 m.a.s.l. This telescope allows the detection of isolated muons with good angular resolution under the use of...
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Dr Hiroshi Ito (Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan)
In underground astrophysics experiments such as neutrino, dark matter, and double beta decay searches, it is important to use the ultra-low radioactive impurities in the material of the detectors. We have been developing the gaseous TPC with the μ-PIC (or micropattern gaseous detectors: MPGD) and optics to measure the emissivity of alpha particles from the material surface in a low radioactive...
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Ichiro Komae
The Telescope Array Low-energy Extension (TALE) experiment observes cosmic rays with 10 atmospheric fluorescence telescopes and an array of 78 surface detectors (SDs) distributed over an area of $21\,\mathrm{km^2}$. The SD array consists of 40 SDs spaced at $400\,\mathrm{m}$ and 38 SDs spaced at $600\,\mathrm{m}$. One of the goals of TALE-SD is to observe cosmic rays with energies down to...
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Dr Pengxiong Ma (Purple mountain observatory, CAS)
DAMPE is a space-based calorimeter specifically designed for the detection of cosmic electrons, gamma-rays, and nuclei. It has been launched in December 2015, and has been operating smoothly for over nine years, during which it has recorded more than 1.6 billion events. Among all medium-mass elements, the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) group has the largest abundance. We have utilized 9 years of...
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Marta Anna Urbaniak (University of Silesia (PL))
Nuclear fragmentation cross sections are important parameters for the
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modeling of the propagation of cosmic rays through the Galaxy. These
types of measurements at energies above 10A GeV are part of the
NA61/SHINE experiment’s cosmic-ray program. The high quality of the
experiment detector was proved during pilot studies conducted
in 2018. The second measurement campaign was carried out... -
Jihyun Kim
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment, the largest observatory for ultra-high energy cosmic rays in the Northern Hemisphere, has identified two medium-scale anisotropies: the TA Hotspot near the constellation Ursa Major and an excess in the direction of the Perseus-Pisces supercluster. Studying these medium-scale anisotropies may provide insights into the origins of ultra-high energy cosmic...
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Kejun Guo (Southwest Jiaotong University)
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) consists of three sub-arrays: KM2A, WCDA and WFCTA. The KM2A contains 5216 electromagnetic particle detectors (EDs) and 1188 muon detectors (MDs). There are two common independent data acquisition systems, corresponding to the shower and scaler operation modes. In scaler mode, the KM2A-ED array is divided into 61 clusters. One cluster...
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Anastassiya Fedossimova (INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS)
In this paper, a method is proposed that improves the accuracy of energy determination in direct measurements of cosmic rays with energies of TeV and higher.
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The problems of determining the primary energy using a thin ionization calorimeter are considered in detail. They are caused by large fluctuations in shower development, a decrease in the statistics of the analyzed events with increasing... -
Léo LE MOIGNE (LAPP)
Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) afterglows are rapidly decaying signals that pose significant detection challenges, requiring improved methods to track their temporal evolution. In this study, we systematically compare various techniques for detecting GRB-like transient emissions at very high energies (VHE, >100 GeV). Our analysis includes time-dependent extension of the standard method (i.e., Li & Ma...
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Cayetano Soneira Landín (GFN - Complutense University of Madrid)
The miniTRASGO is a compact and cost-effective secondary charged cosmic ray detector designed for studies in solar activity, cosmic rays, and atmospheric physics. Utilizing Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), it ensures stable detection rates and high sensitivity, as demonstrated by the measurement of Forbush Decreases in March and May 2024 at the Madrid station ($40.4^\circ\mathrm{N},\ 7...
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Chung-Yun Kuo (Department of Physics, National Taiwan University)
Log-Periodic Dipole Array (LPDA) antennas are widely used in radio detection experiments for ultra-high-energy (UHE) extensive air showers (EAS), such as TAROGE-M and ARIANNA-HCR in Antarctica, due to their simple design, high gain across a broad frequency band, and strong wind resistance. However, icing on the antenna alters its response, introducing systematic effects that degrade detector...
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Alexandre INVENTAR (APC)
A couple of classes of astrophysical objects such as young massive stellar clusters (YMSCs) have recently emerged as promising galactic PeVatron candidates, potentially explaining the knee of the cosmic-ray spectrum as alternative to isolated supernova remnants (SNRs). Meanwhile, the LHAASO observatory is the first to effectively probe the photon detection band above 0.1 PeV, that can...
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Xin Wang
On May 11, 2024, a significant solar storm event occurred, during which the shock waves generated by the solar activity had a profound impact on the space environment. This paper focuses on the collision modeling of these solar storm shock waves. First, we collected multi - source observational data from various space - based and ground - based instruments, including solar telescopes,...
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Mr R. Sharma (Department of Physics, Central University of South Bihar,Gaya,Bihar)
Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are large-scale eruptions of plasma and magnetic fields from the Sun, capable of significantly impacting Earth's magnetosphere and triggering geomagnetic storms. These storms can disrupt power grids, satellite operations, and navigation systems. Enhancing our understanding of CME propagation and their interaction with the solar wind is crucial for improving space...
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Alyssa Debot (Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB))
IceCube has detected a diffuse flux of high-energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin. Although several neutrino sources have been identified, they contribute only a small fraction of the total flux, leaving most of its origin unresolved. We present a novel approach to modelling a diffuse high-energy neutrino flux from star-forming activity using SIMBA, a state-of-the-art cosmological...
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Troy Porter
We present our study of the nature of the widely-employed radio/infrared/gamma-ray correlation, and its extension to sub-galactic scales. The broadband non-thermal emissions are modelled for Milky Way-like galaxies using the GALPROP cosmic ray propagation framework. We investigate predicted signals for a collection of viewing orientations and locations. Correlation with thermal emissions due...
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Troy Porter
The interstellar radiation field (ISRF) is the result of emission by stars, and the scattering, absorption, and re-emission of absorbed starlight by dust in the interstellar medium (ISM). Current state-of-the-art 3D models for the ISRF have been developed using spatially smooth distributions for stars and dust in the Milky Way. Recently, spatial reconstructions of the dust distribution have...
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Lorenzo Ducci
The search of γ-ray emission from accreting pulsars in X-ray binaries (XRBs) has been ongoing for some time. Recent marginal detections in high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) have sparked renewed interest in this area. Anticipating future advances in γ-ray telescopes, we investigate the expected emission above 10 GeV from XRBs using an enhanced Cheng & Ruderman model. This model incorporates...
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Mathieu Lamoureux (UCLouvain)
Neutrinos play an important role in multi-messenger astronomy, as they can probe dense environments and thus provide important insights into the properties of the sources. Multiple neutrino telescopes continuously observe the sky, across many decades of energies from MeV to PeV, and are often used for follow-up searches of transient phenomena detected by other messengers. MOMENTA is an...
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Mr Kazuya Nakayama (Kyoto University)
We have developed a compact neutron and gamma-ray detector, Moon Moisture Targeting Observatory (MoMoTarO). The MoMoTarO project aims to utilize neutrons leaking from the lunar surface for water resource exploration, measure the neutron lifetime, and improve the localization accuracy of gamma-ray burst observations. MoMoTarO is planned to be installed in the external experiment site on the...
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Bair Shaibonov
We present the results of year-long monitoring of inherent optical properties of deep waters of lake Baikal in the wavelength range of 400–620 nm within the effective volume of the deep underwater neutrino telescope Baikal-GVD in 2024. The measurements were performed using a dedicated device, «BAIKAL-5D» №2, at a depth of 1180 m. Measurements of the absorption spectrum, scattering length at...
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Dr Achara Seripienlert (Chiang Mai University (TH))
Neutron monitors are crucial ground-based instruments for studying cosmic rays, requiring precise response function modeling to properly interpret flux variations. A new boron trifluoride (BF₃) proportional counter tube from LND Inc. maintains the identical geometry, gas volume, and pressure of the BP28 counter, a standard in NM64 neutron monitors, while differing in anode wire and cathode...
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Xin Wang
The conventional Diffusive Shock Acceleration (DSA) model assumes that a single shock generates solar energetic particles (SEPs) with a single power-law energy spectrum. However, interplanetary shocks undergo complex interactions with diverse media during their propagation from the Sun to planets, including planetary magnetospheres. For instance, the interaction between shock fronts and dense...
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Min Jin (Southwest Jiaotong University)
Blazars are a subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGN) characterized by relativistic jets oriented close to our line of sight, exhibiting extreme variability across multi-band observations. This study performed variability analysis of multi-band light curves for the blazar OJ 014 (J0811.4+0146) using data from Fermi-LAT, Swift-XRT/UVOT, and RATAN observations spanning from August 2008 to...
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Aswathi Balagopal V. (University of Delaware)
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole detects neutrinos of astrophysical origin via their interactions with ice. The main array is optimized for the detection of neutrinos with energies above 1 TeV. A much smaller infill array, known as IceCube DeepCore, extends the sensitivity down to a few GeV. Neutrinos observed in both parts of the detector are used for astrophysical-source...
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Antoine KOUCHNER
In the coming years, the coordination and accessibility of telescopes and observatories across the globe will be essential towards the success of multi-messenger astrophysics researches. The ACME project, funded by the European Union, aims to facilitate and improve the access to multi-messenger data and services. It brings together about forty institutes across Europe, covering all domains in...
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Chao Hsuan Liu
The Radio Neutrino Observatory-Greenland (RNO-G), deployed at Summit Station, Greenland, aims to detect ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos. To maximize sensitivity, RNO-G operates with low trigger thresholds, leading to data dominated by background noise, including thermal and anthropogenic sources. A potential additional background source is associated with cosmic ray signals coming from...
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Dr Jianeng Zhou (SHAO)
BL Lacertae is a well-known high-energy BL Lac object that has exhibited several epochs of very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray flaring events. On October 5, 2024 (MJD 60588), BL Lacertae underwent prominent flaring activity, which was detected by instruments covering a wide energy range from optical to TeV gamma rays. In this work, we aim to study the spectrum and variability of BL Lacertae based...
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Jose Carpio Dumler
Microquasars, compact binary systems with an accreting stellar-mass black hole or neutron star, are promising candidates for high-energy particle acceleration. Recently, LHAASO reported the detection of 5 microquasars emitting $>100$ TeV $\gamma$-rays, suggesting that these sources are efficient particle accelerators. High-energy $\gamma$-rays can be achieved in large-scale jets or winds. In...
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Mark Weyrauch (KIT)
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, situated at the geographic South Pole, comprises both a surface component, IceTop, and a deep in-ice component. This unique setup allows for simultaneous measurements of low-energy ($\sim \rm{GeV}$) and high-energy ($\gtrsim 400\,\rm{GeV}$) muons generated in cosmic-ray air showers. The correlation between these low- and high-energy muons can serve as a...
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Marina Andrea Scornavacche (ITeDA - KIT)
The Underground Muon Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory features a calorimetric detection mode that estimates the number of muons based on signal charge measurements. This presentation provides an overview of the calibration procedure, revisiting the previously published strategy and identifying a bias introduced by the triggers used to estimate the mean charge deposited by a vertical...
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Min Jin (Southwest Jiaotong University)
The Large Array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (LACT) is an array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, while the Muon Detector (MD) of the square kilometer array (KM2A) measures the muon component of extensive air showers. Both are located at the LHAASO site. KM2A has demonstrated significant gamma/proton discrimination power, ranging from (10^2) to (10^5) at energies...
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Jiacheng Wu (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
Atmospheric muons are important probes for studying primary cosmic rays and extensive air showers. Additionally, they constitute a significant background for many underground and deep-sea neutrino experiments, such as TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT). Understanding the muon flux at various depths in the deep sea is essential for validating TRIDENT simulations and guiding the...
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Emile Moyaux
Currently, the identification of neutrino sources relies on joint observations with electromagnetic telescopes. This method has led to some successes, but is constrained by the field of view, availability, and observational limitations of traditional telescopes. The ongoing development of neutrino detectors around the world suggests that future datasets will allow for precise source analysis...
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Prof. Wanlei Guo (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
We explore the neutrino energy spectrum and directional distribution in the energy range of 1 MeV to 10 TeV on Moon. The lunar surface has a variety of neutrino sources, including those generated by cosmic rays interacting with the lunar regolith (referred to as lunar regolith neutrinos), geoneutrinos from decays of natural radioactive elements, Earth's atmospheric neutrinos, solar neutrinos,...
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Luca Orusa (Princeton University)
The flux of cosmic neutrinos is measured with unprecedented accuracy, and on an extended wide energy, by different experiments. In order to accurately interpreted this data, precise predictions of the production processes, specifically the cross section for the production of neutrinos from the interaction of cosmic-ray protons and helium with atoms of the interstellar medium, are necessary. In...
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Iroha Ichiseki (The University of Tokyo)
Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are one of the most representative examples of galactic gamma-ray emitters and are thought to be the origin of cosmic ray (CR) positrons and knee CRs. The free energy of these non-thermal particles is the rotational energy of the central pulsar, but we have not understood how the rotational energy is converted into the pulsar wind, how the pulsar wind is dissipated,...
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Luis Enrique Espinosa Castro (Gran Sasso Science Institute)
We perform extensive test-particle simulations of cosmic rays (CRs) propagating in synthetic (homogenous and isotropic) turbulent magnetic fields using the Monte Carlo code CRPropa. Applying multiple numerical methods in the literature, we compute the coefficients of the diffusion tensor as a function of particle rigidity and turbulence level, i.e. the ratio between the root mean square of the...
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Mr Martin Nguyen (Technical University of Košice, Department of Computers and Informatics)
The COR simulation engine is a tool devoted to evaluating cosmic ray trajectories in Earth's magnetosphere. It is part of the COR System, available at https://cor.crmodels.org/, and it also functions as a standalone command line tool. The former tool was published in 2022. We report the new version of the tool status with improved performance, precision, new functions/features, and refactored code.
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Adithiya Dinesh
The first CTAO Large-sized (LST-1) and MAGIC telescopes are two Imaging Cherenkov telescope (IACT) systems located at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on La Palma, Canary Islands. Rapid availability of quality data products to both collaborations is crucial for physics alerts, scheduling, and data quality assurance. Additionally, the large size of the raw data makes its transmission to...
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Teresa Mineo
The ASTRI Mini-Array, an array of nine innovative Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes with large field of view (10.6°), is an INAF project devoted to the study of gamma-ray sources emitting at very high energy in the TeV spectral band. It is situated at the Teide Astronomical Observatory, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, on Mount Teide in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain), where the...
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Yuta Kawakubo (Aoyama Gakuin University)
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are high-energy phenomena from distant galaxies that emit intense gamma rays in short durations. GRBs are a key target in multi-messenger astronomy, and various X-ray and gamma-ray instruments have searched for GRBs associated with gravitational waves or high-energy neutrinos. The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), a scientific payload for cosmic-ray observations...
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Dr Mauricio Bustamante (Niels Bohr Institute)
Do neutrinos of different flavors have preferred directions of travel? If they do, it would imply a violation of Lorentz invariance, a cornerstone of modern physics. This would manifest as "flavor anisotropies"---differences in the arrival-direction distributions of astrophysical neutrinos of different flavors at Earth. In beyond-Standard-Model theories, these effects grow with neutrino...
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Mary Hall Reno
nuSpaceSim is a highly-efficient (e.g. fast) module-based, end-to-end simulation package that models the physical processes of cosmic neutrino interactions in the Earth, the subsequent extensive air showers induced by the Earth-emergent leptons, the EAS optical Cherenkov and radio emission, signal attenuation, and the detector response to determine the sensitivity to both the diffuse cosmic...
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Pablo Correa (LPNHE Paris)
The NUTRIG project is dedicated to the development of advanced radio self-trigger methods for large-scale arrays such as the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND). The developed techniques are based on features of the radio emission of air showers to perform an efficient online rejection of background. We first describe two independent first-level trigger (FLT) methods that target...
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Alexander Mishev
It is known that GCR flux exhibits notable transient suppressions due to coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs) in the solar wind, called Forbush decreases (FDs). FDs are observed as fast, occasionally two-step, decreases in the count rate of particle counters, which can reach 25 –30%. The decrease is usually followed by a gradual recovery taking up to several...
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Prof. Fengrong Zhu (Southwest Jiaotong University)
Clouds not only play a crucial role in weather dynamics but are also a key factor influencing cosmic ray detection. The presence of clouds increases the absorption of Cherenkov light, thereby affecting cosmic ray observations. Moreover, the variation of clouds over the Tibetan Plateau(TP) has a significant impact on radiation balance and even the global water cycle. This study utilizes the...
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Jakob Henrichs (DESY)
The Radio Neutrino Observatory - Greenland (RNO-G) is a multipurpose experiment that extends its scope to sciences like solar heliophysics and radioglaciology beyond its primary focus to detect ultra-high energy neutrinos and cosmic rays. In this contribution, we discuss the recent observations of solar flares in RNO-G. The nanosecond-sampling of the recorded snapshots allows to study the...
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Michael Unger (Karlsruhe Institute for Technology)
The detection of side-scattered ultraviolet light from spaceborne lasers with fluorescence telescopes of cosmic ray observatories offers unique opportunities for systematic studies of the aerosol content of the local atmosphere. It also enables the validation of the optical calibration of the telescopes. Additionally, these observations provide valuable ground-based monitoring of the...
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Dr Huicai Li (Institute of HighEnergy Physics,Chinese Academy ofSciences,100049 Beijing, China)
LHAASO J2027+3657 is an ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma-ray extended source discovered by LHAASO in the Cygnus region. No significant very-high-energy (VHE) emission has been detected from this source, and ground-based facilities like H.E.S.S. and HAWC have not observed it either, making the origin of its emission especially interesting. In this study, we use the latest LHAASO data to perform a...
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Mr Huicai Li (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China)
CTB 109 is a middle-aged shell-type supernova remnant (SNR) with bright thermal X-ray emission. The gamma-ray emission of CTB 109 exhibits a center-bright morphology, which is very consistent with its thermal X-ray emission rather than the shell-type structure in the radio band. The GeV gamma-ray spectrum shows a significant spectral curvature at a few GeV. In this work, we describe the...
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Matteo Battisti
Since 2019, the Mini-EUSO (Multiwavelength Imaging New Instrument for
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the Extreme Universe Space Observatory) telescope observes the Earth from
the International Space Station with a field of view of 44 degrees and a spatial resolution of about 6 km at Earth’s surface. Mini-EUSO main detector is a UV camera consisting of two Fresnel lenses and a focal surface composed of an array of 36... -
Cainã Oliveira (University of São Paulo)
The origin of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remains one of the most important questions of astroparticle physics. Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have been considered important source candidates due to different possible acceleration sites and mechanisms. The detection of very-high-energy gamma rays from AGNs points to the current particle acceleration in these objects and the...
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Alena Bakalova (FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences)
Recent studies, supported by updated hadronic interaction models, suggest that the mass composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays may be heavier than previously assumed. This has significant implications for source identification, as the deflections of the Galactic magnetic field (GMF) are larger for heavy primaries than for lighter ones at the same energy. In this work, we assume that...
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Mischa Breuhaus
The KM3NeT observatory detected the most energetic neutrino candidate
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ever observed, with an energy between 72 PeV and 2.6 EeV at the 90% confidence level. The observed neutrino event is likely of cosmic origin. This study investigates the possibility that the neutrino was produced within the Milky Way. Considering the low flux of the Galactic diffuse emission at these energies, the lack of a... -
Tiffany Collins (Universität Potsdam)
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is a next-generation gamma-ray observatory in both the Southern (Paranal, Chile) and Northern Hemisphere (La Palma, Spain) and will consist of up to 100 imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. With sensitivity far exceeding current facilities, CTAO will provide detailed measurements of gamma rays from GeV up to a few 100s of TeV. CTAO has a...
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Maksim Sorokovikov
Currently, the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope data processing system analyzes the acquired data in real time to search for neutrino signals from astrophysical sources. This includes following up on multimessenger alerts such as HE neutrino alerts from IceCube, gamma-ray flares and gravitational wave events. The GVD online analysis system classifies events into HE and LE ranks for both...
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Emanuele Villa (CERN/University of Geneva)
Among the different parts of its vast physics programme, DUNE will aim at observing neutrinos from a Core-Collapse SuperNova Burst (CCSNB). The experiment will then contribute to SNEWS, to provide both a trigger signal and a reconstructed direction for the explosion. Online pointing, achieved in a timescale of a few minutes, will allow to move telescopes in the correct direction to observe...
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Riccardo Nicolaidis (Universita degli Studi di Trento and INFN (IT))
Observing and monitoring low‐energy charged particles—from sub‐MeV up to tens of MeVs—has become increasingly important for several reasons, impacting various fields of science. These range from radiation protection and the study of magnetosphere–lithosphere interactions to investigations of space weather and the interplay between the heliospheric environment and the magnetosphere. To address...
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Jeffrey Lazar
here are currently many Cherenkov neutrino telescopes being deployed and designed across the world. These detectors are exploring new optical sensors and geometric configurations to maximize their physics goals. Alongside detector R&D, machine learning (ML) has become established as a promising avenue for reconstructions in these detectors; however, there has not been a consistent comparison...
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Dr Dusan Mandat (Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences)
The Small-Sized single-mirror Telescopes (SST-1Ms) are designed to observe the gamma rays within the TeV range. The two 4-meter diameter Davies-Cotton SST-1M telescopes are operated at the Ondřejov Observatory of the Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences near Prague. The telescopes use White Rabbit for time synchronization, enabling the detection of coincident events in...
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Mr Aoi Matsuzawa (Shinshu University)
This report focuses on one of the important calibration aspects: the pointing direction of the Telescope Array Fluorescence Detector (TA-FD), which is measured with a drone-mounted LED light source Opt-copter. An understanding of the optical properties of the TA-FD is essential for accurate analysis of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) using atmospheric fluorescence methods. This project,...
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Guillaume GROLLERON
The NectarCAM is a camera designed for the Medium Sized Telescopes (MSTs) of the northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory. The NectarCAM camera equipping the MSTs is sensitive to gamma rays in the energy range of approximately 100 GeV to 10 TeV. The camera consists of 1,855 pixels, grouped into modules of 7 pixels each.
To accurately reconstruct real data acquisitions,...
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Teruyoshi Kawashima
The ALPACA experiment, a new air-shower array in Bolivia to observe cosmic rays and gamma rays in the energy range between TeV to PeV, aims to survey PeVatron candidates in the southern sky, including the Galactic Center. The ALPAQUITA experiment, a prototype of ALPACA, has 97 scintillation detectors with an area of 1 m$^2$ and began data taking in April 2023.
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In the ALPACA collaboration, the... -
Tian-Qi Huang
The High-energy Underwater Neutrino Telescope (HUNT) is a proposed next-generation neutrino observatory with an instrumented volume of approximately 30 cubic kilometers, aiming to discover dozens of the high-energy neutrino point sources in ten years. We investigate a multiple-cluster design and optimize the array geometry, varying parameters such as radius, height, and the number of clusters,...
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Andrew Zeolla (Pennsylvania State University)
The Hybrid Elevated Radio Observatory for Neutrinos (HERON) is designed to target the astrophysical flux of Earth-skimming tau neutrinos at 100 PeV. HERON consists of multiple compact, phased radio arrays embedded within a larger sparse array of antennas, located on the side of a mountain. This hybrid design provides both excellent sensitivity and a sub-degree pointing resolution. To design...
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Daniele Fargion (Physics Department, Rome University 1, Sapienza, ; Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, INAF, Italy,)
Recent hundred PeV muon track in downward in downward horizons of ARCA km3 array detector surpprised most of the observer. This UHE event, if confirmed, might be the first signature of UHECR secondaries . The photon pion GZK cut off on proton or the photo-nuclear disintegration may be the source of it. However the presence of such a rare and huge event in such a small and new detector...
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Paul Filip (KIT - IAP)
The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector designed to observe and study ultra-high-energy particles of extraterrestrial origin. With its 27 fluorescence telescopes and over 1600 autonomously operating water-Cherenkov detectors spread over an area of 3000 km^2 it is world-leading in terms of exposure to cosmic rays, and offers an unparalleled window into the physical processes that...
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Shideh Davarpanah
Space missions require components that are lightweight, low-power, and resistant to radiation. Silicon photomultipliers are increasingly used for detecting near-UV, optical, and infrared light in space due to their compact design, low cost, low power consumption, robustness, and high photo- detection efficiency, which makes them sensitive to single photons. Although SiPMs outperform...
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Prof. D. Chen (National Astronomical Observatories, CAS)
The goal of the Stereoscopic Water Cherenkov array ( SWCDA ) project is to observe high-energy gamma rays in the 100 GeV-10 TeV energy region. The detector is designed to complement other current ground-based experiments. It will greatly improve the sensitivity of gamma-ray observations in the 100GeV-10 TeV range. By the end of 2024, we have built a prototype of 100 m^2 inside the Tibet...
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Mr Yuya Omata (Kyoto University)
Recently, lunar exploration has gained momentum internationally, as represented by the ARTEMIS Plan. Especially, exploration of lunar water resources is important not only for space resource exploration but also for scientific purposes. Lunar water resources can be used as drinking water and fuel at lunar bases and steps to the Mars exploration. Location and abundance of lunar water resources...
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Miwa Tsurumi (Kyoto University)
The Moon Moisture Targeting Observatory (MoMoTarO), a compact and scalable neutron and gamma-ray detector aimed at exploring lunar water resources, also aims to observe gamma-ray bursts (GRBs).
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MoMoTarO has a GAGG scintillator (7cm × 7cm × 1cm) for gamma-ray spectroscopy, with high energy resolution, fast decay time, and no hygroscopic nature.
This detector can contribute to multi-messenger... -
Davide Serini (Universita e INFN, Bari (IT))
The Advanced Particle-astrophysics Telescope (APT) is a mission concept for a space-based gamma-ray telescope whose capabilities include prompt localization of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to support multi-wavelength and multi-messenger astrophysics. We describe the current state of our GRB localization pipeline aboard APT's balloon-borne prototype, the Antarctic Demonstrator for APT (ADAPT). We...
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S Shefali (KIT)
The prototype station of the Surface Array Enhancement at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory has been taking data in its final design since 2023. This station is part of the planned extension within the footprint of the existing surface array, IceTop. One station consists of 8 scintillator detectors, 3 radio antennas, and a central DAQ. The final upgrade of the prototype station has increased...
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Keerthana Rajan Lathika (Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain)
The scintillating FIber Tracker (FIT) has been designed as a tracking detector for the upcoming High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility. The FIT combines excellent angular resolution with precise charge reconstruction measurements for cosmic-rays detection. The tracker consists of multiple tracking planes made of fiber mats, arranged in two orthogonal directions, and read out...
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Mario Edoardo Bertaina
The Multi-channel Integrated Zone-sampling Analogue-memory based Readout (MIZAR) ASIC is a new type of front-end electronics which has been developed for the detection of the optical Cherenkov signals by Extensive Air Showers directly observed from sub-orbital and orbital altitudes. It sets the stage for a new generation of low-power consuming 64-channel Application-Specific Integrated...
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Andrea Parenti (Université Libre de Bruxelles)
Next-generation air-shower detectors, such as the Global Cosmic Ray Observatory (GCOS) and the Probing Extreme PeVatron Sources (PEPS) experiment, will face many challenges in terms of detector design and construction. A key factor in improving the sensitivity to ultra-high energy gamma rays and to the mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is the ability to measure the muonic...
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Haruka Kobayashi (Nagoya University (JP))
It is important to understand hadronic interactions for the indirect measurement of high energy cosmic rays that are E$>10^{15}$ eV. Large Hadron Collider forward (LHCf) and ATLAS Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) measure neutral particles generated in the very forward region of pp collisions at LHC. The LHCf detector is a calorimeter that has a thickness of 1.7 interaction lengths, resulting in...
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Carsten Rott (University of Utah)
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a neutrino detector located beneath the glacial ice at the South Pole. The IceCube Upgrade is currently being deployed, adding seven new strings to the central region of the existing array deep under the ice. Each string contains around 100 newly designed optical modules (mDOMs and D-Eggs) along with calibration devices. One of the primary goals of the...
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Ilya Usoskin (University of Oulu (FI))
We investigate the evolution of the Rieger periodicity at 152 − 156 days, the 27-day synodic rotation period as well as the 13.5 and 9-day harmonic periodicities in anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) oxygen (O) fluxes at the energy range between 8 - 25 MeV/n observed by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite during solar cycles 23 and 24. The ACR oxygen flux data is analysed using the...
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Ilya Usoskin (University of Oulu (FI))
We investigate the evolution of the Rieger periodicity at 152 − 156 days, the 27-day synodic rotation period as well as the 13.5 and 9-day harmonic periodicities in anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) oxygen (O) fluxes at the energy range between 8 - 25 MeV/n observed by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite during solar cycles 23 and 24. The ACR oxygen flux data is analysed using the...
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Alessandro Cermenati (Gran Sasso Science Institute)
We discuss the self-induced confinement of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays
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(UHECRs) near their sources, as driven by the excitation of the Non-Resonant Streaming Instability (NRSI) in the intergalactic medium (IGM).
For a standard source spectrum ∝ E$^{−2}$, the current associated with the escaping UHECRs excites perturbations through NRSI (also known as the Bell instability), leading to Bohm... -
Dr Fabio Convenga
The Pierre Auger Observatory, dedicated to measuring ultra-high energy cosmic rays, has been promoting for more than two decades educational and scientific outreach activities to make its results known in an understandable language to diverse audiences. Among its most notable efforts, we can mention the creation of a visitor center at the Observatory site in Malargüe, Argentina, the production...
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Kseniia Chelidze
The Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) events, discovered back in 1942, are a phenomenon in which there is a sharp increase of the counting rate in neutron monitors over a short period of time. These events are very rare (76 recorded yet), which complicates their detailed study and understanding of the processes of their production. To date, there are several hypotheses aimed to explain the...
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Min Jin (Southwest Jiaotong University)
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) is a major scientific research facility focused on cosmic ray observation. The entire array consists of four types of detector arrays, one of which is the Wide Field-of-view Cherenkov Telescope Array (WFCTA). The WFCTA is designed to achieve precise measurements of the cosmic ray energy spectrum across the range of 1013 eV to 1018 eV. A...
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Dr Zhi-Hui Xu (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Until now, several space experiments have observed a bump structure near 10 TV of rigidity in the primary cosmic ray spectrum. In this work, the energy spectrum measurement of sub-iron nuclei (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn) with the DAMPE satellite is reported from 300 GeV up to 2 PeV , thus covering the energy range where a bump structure in the primary cosmic rays has been detected. By Providing the...
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Dr Yosui Akaike (Waseda University)
The primary objectives of the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) mission are to search for possible nearby cosmic-ray sources and dark matter signatures through the precise measurement of the electron plus positron (all-electron) spectrum. The instrument is optimized to measure the all-electron spectrum well into the TeV region, with a total thickness of 30 radiation lengths at normal...
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Mr Maxime REGEARD (Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France.)
Only three TeV-emitting pulsars are known to date, two of which — the Vela Pulsar and PSR J1509 — exhibit a multi-TeV emission component distinct from their GeV emission spectrum. While the origin of the GeV component, whether due to curvature radiation in gaps or synchrotron radiation in the current sheet, remains debated, the multi-TeV emission is most likely produced by inverse-Compton...
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Yasushi Muraki
The original idea of this paper stems from the 11th International Conference on Cosmic Rays held in Budapest in 1968. At that time, the constancy of the transverse momentum of the decay product from the “fire ball” produced in cosmic ray interactions was investigated based on our quark potential model. This time, we use the mass relation of the Upsilon resonance states established in the...
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Junhong Liu
The TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT), a next-generation neutrino telescope in the South China Sea, requires precise position measurements to exploit the timing capabilities of hybrid digital optical modules (hDOMs), ensuring the pointing capability of the detector. This poster presents a preliminary design of the TRIDENT acoustic positioning system, which includes the acoustics...
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Iurii Sushch (CIEMAT, Spain)
The shape of the observed X-ray spectrum of supernova remnants (SNRs) reflects the interplay between the acceleration and synchrotron cooling of relativistic electrons. It was shown before that under assumption that the maximum electron energy is limited by synchrotron cooling, the cut-off energy of the X-ray spectrum for the known shock velocity provides a direct measure of the Bohm factor...
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Lilly Pyras (University of Utah)
High-energy cosmic rays are observed indirectly by detecting the extensive air showers initiated in Earth’s atmosphere. The interpretation of experimental data relies on accurate modeling of the air shower development. Simulations based on current hadronic interaction models show significant discrepancies with measurements of the muon content in air showers, commonly referred to as the Muon...
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Mathieu Lamoureux (UCLouvain)
Compact binary mergers, detected in gravitational waves since 2015, are candidate sources for astrophysical neutrinos in the GeV regime from proton-proton and proton-neutron collisions. This contribution presents the results of the search for such a signal using mergers detected during the fourth observing run of the LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA interferometers. We use the dense infill array at the...
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Marco Scarnera
While the evidence of high-energy neutrinos was established a decade ago and confirmed independently by the observation of an ultra-high-energy neutrino recently announced, the origin of these neutrinos is not yet fully identified. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have long been one of the most promising candidate emitters of such neutrinos. Despite not having led to a significant detection in...
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Claudio Galelli (INFN Milano)
The interaction of cosmic rays with the cosmic microwave background (CMB) has been the subject of extensive research in the past 50 years or so. These studies have concentrated on the impact of such interactions on cosmic ray physics while neglecting the potential influence on the CMB itself due to its presumed minimal amplitude. However, the prospects of ultra-high-precision measurements of...
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Curtis McLennan
We present a novel methodology for extracting firn ice properties using reflection coefficients (`S11') of antennas lowered into boreholes. Experiments like the Radio Neutrino Observatory in Greenland (RNO-G) require precise firn index of refraction profiles for accurate reconstructions of incident neutrinos. Coupled with Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations, a depth-dependent S11...
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Clément Prévotat
The transition energy between Galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays (CRs) remains an open question. Thanks to the new generation of observatories, observational windows have opened in PeV energies in neutrinos (IceCube, GVD and KM3NeT) and gamma rays (HAWC, LHAASO), complementing CR measurements in this energy range. This expanded dataset provides a more comprehensive framework for...
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Dmitriy Beznosko (Clayton State University)
The Astroparticle field is actively searching for the origin and the nature of the Ultra-high energy cosmic rays from deep within the Universe as they carry the information from those regions and might also hint on possible new physics. This talk reports on the overall design and the ongoing construction and calibration of DUCK (Detector system of Unusual Cosmic-ray casKades), a new...
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Dr Rostom Mbarek
We investigate the time delay incurred during ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) propagation over cosmological distances and its potential impact on the correlation between UHECR directions of arrival and sources such as Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), the UHECR chemical composition, and extragalactic magnetic field constraints. We propagate particles in different magnetic field...
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Matthias Vereecken
While astrophysical observations imply that 85% of the matter content is unaccounted for, the nature of this dark matter (DM) content remains unknown. Weakly interacting massive particles—DM particles that interact at or below the weak interaction scale—could naturally explain this unknown matter component. These interactions with the SM allow them to be gravitationally captured in celestial...
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Per Myhr
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is currently the largest and most sensitive detector for astrophysical neutrinos and has pioneered the field of high-energy neutrino astronomy. Despite being designed with the primary goal of identifying astrophysical TeV neutrinos and their corresponding sources, recent studies, utilising the DeepCore subdetector, have shown IceCube's proficiency in being...
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Weilun Huang (Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
Atmospheric neutrinos and muons, produced from cosmic-ray-induced air showers, are one of the dominant backgrounds for astrophysical neutrino detections. The flux with energy below 100 TeV is dominated by muons and conventional atmospheric neutrinos produced by pion and kaon decays. In contrast, their prompt counterparts, from decays of short-lived charm hadrons, are predicted to contribute at...
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Syed Anwar Ul Hasan
Bulk Data Management, including the long-term archiving of massive datasets, is critical for advancing high-energy gamma-ray astrophysics research by ensuring data accessibility and scientific reproducibility. Within the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), managing and preserving petabyte-scale data poses unique challenges. To address these challenges, we present our prototyping...
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Matteo Balbo
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is a large-scale astrophysics project that will generate several petabytes of compressed data annually. Ensuring the quality of this vast data stream is critical for reliable scientific analyses.
QualPipe is the automated quality control pipeline integrated into the Data Processing and Preservation System (DPPS) of CTAO. It assesses data from...
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Isha Loudon
The goal of the Radar Echo Telescope (RET) collaboration is to detect ultra-high-energy neutrinos via in-ice radar techniques. To this end, the RET collaboration has been aiming to demonstrate the radar echo method in-situ with the Radar Echo Telescope for Cosmic Rays (RET-CR) experiment, located in Greenland. RET-CR utilised secondary in-ice particle cascades - generated by high-energy cosmic...
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Megha Venugopal
The surface array of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceTop, measures cosmic rays in the PeV-EeV primary energy range. Stations comprising radio antennas and scintillation detectors will be added to enhance the existing surface detectors. A prototype station, consisting of eight scintillation detectors and three radio antennas, has been in operation in its final design since the beginning of...
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Abdul Asvarov (Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan Republic, Baku)
It is generally accepted that in supernova remnants (SNRs), charged particles are accelerated to cosmic-ray energies through the mechanism of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA). The most compelling observational evidence supporting this model is related to the electron component: relativistic electrons with energies of about $\sim 10$ GeV, accelerated in SNRs, generate nonthermal radio...
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changda he (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
The PandaX project is a series of deep-underground experiments, located at China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL), employing the dual-phase time projection chamber (TPC) technique to search for particle dark matter and to study properties of neutrinos. While the current experiment PandaX-4T is still running, the collaboration is preparing for the next-generation experiment PandaX-xT,...
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Prof. Jeremy Buhler (Washington University in St. Louis)
Gamma-ray experiments like BATSE, the Fermi GBM and LAT, and SWIFT have provided a wealth of data on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), but prompt observations of multiwavelength counterparts of short bursts have been limited. To facilitate such observations, this work describes progress toward production of real-time GRB alerts that include detailed likelihood maps computed entirely aboard a gamma-ray...
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shuwang cui (HEBEI NORMAL UNIVERSITY)
In the investigation of the "knee" region within the cosmic ray energy spectrum, energy determination and composition separation are of paramount importance. Electron - Neutron Detector Array (ENDA) is designed to detect not only electrons in the proximity of extensive air shower (EAS) core, but also thermal neutrons generated in the ground by hadrons which constitute the "backbone" of EAS and...
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Arsène FERRIERE (CEA LIST)
The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) aims to detect and study ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos by observing the radio emission produced in extensive air showers. The GRANDProto300 prototype focuses primarily on UHE cosmic rays to demonstrate the autonomous detection and reconstruction techniques that will later be applied to neutrino detection. In this work, we propose a...
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Marion Guelfand
Radio-detection is now an established technique for studying ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays with energies exceeding $\sim 10^{17}$ eV. The next generation of radio experiments, such as the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND), aims to expand this technique to the observation of Earth-skimming UHE neutrinos, which requires the detection of very inclined extensive air showers...
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Steffen Traugott Hahn
The muon puzzle remains one of the intriguing mysteries in particle physics. To fully understand its origin, we need precise knowledge of the mass composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). At energies above 300 PeV the direct detection of UHECRs is not feasible, necessitating the use of mass-sensitive observables of extended air showers (EAS) induced by UHECRs interacting with the...
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Fabio Pintore
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an international project, led by the Italian "Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica" (INAF), with the aim to build and operate a facility sensitive to very high-energy gamma-rays in the 1-200 TeV energy range. It consists of an array of nine small-sized (4-m diameter) and large field of view (~10°) Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes under deployment at the...
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Dr S.Y. Huang (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS)
Recently, the technique of detecting high-energy particles using water Cherenkov radiation has achieved great success in ground-based cosmic ray observation experiments. For example, the Tibet ASγ experiment, the HAWC experiment, and the LHAASO experiment. However, research on the basic performance of water Cherenkov detectors is still lacking. In this work, the fundamental performance of the...
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Prof. Fengrong Zhu (Tibet University)
The atmosphere is primarily composed of air molecules and aerosols, and also contains water vapor. Changes in these components can affect the intensity of Cherenkov light or fluorescent signals in extensive air showers, thereby influencing the reconstruction of the energy of primary cosmic rays and the determination of the atmospheric depth (denoted as Xmax) at which extensive air showers...
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Prof. Hiroshi Kojima (Chubu University)
We have studied the propagation of galactic cosmic rays in the heliosphere using data from the large-area multi-directional muon telescope of GRAPES-3 during periods of relatively normal solar activity and have investigated the rigidity or solar activity dependence of the diffusion coefficient of the solar radial component.
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This is done to get an average picture of the propagation of... -
Francesco Filippini (Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia - Università di Bologna, INFN-Bologna, Italy)
KM3NeT is a European research infrastructure developing second-generation multi-km³ neutrino telescopes on the Mediterranean Sea floor. It consists of two main sites targeting complementary neutrino energy regimes: KM3NeT/ARCA for TeV-PeV neutrinos and KM3NeT/ORCA for GeV- few TeV neutrinos.
Within the KM3NeT collaboration, an automated system continuously monitors and analyzes real-time...
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Gabriele Panebianco
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is going to be the leading observatory for very-high-energy gamma rays over the next decades. Its unique sensitivity, wide field of view, and rapid slewing capability make the CTAO especially suited to study transient astrophysical phenomena. The CTAO will analyse its data in real time, responding to external science alerts on transient events...
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Prof. Cristiano Bozza (Universita e INFN, Salerno (IT))
The KM3NeT Collaboration is incrementally building and operating two underwater Cherenkov neutrino telescopes, made of modular units named DOMs (for Digital Optical Module), each one hosting 31 photomultipliers, and arranged in strings of 18, named DUs (for Detection Unit) anchored to the sea bed and kept in tension by a buoy. One telescope, named ORCA, will consist of a single building block...
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Wolfgang Zober
TIGERISS, the Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder for the International Space Station, is an Ultra-Heavy Galactic Cosmic Ray (UHGCR) detector that will launch to the ISS in 2027 with an assignment to Columbus SOX. TIGERISS builds on the TIGER and SuperTIGER mission heritage and will measure the elemental abundances from $_{5}$B to $_{82}$Pb for ~400 MeV/nucleon to ~10 GeV/nucleon. With a...
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Kai-Kai Duan
Antiprotons serve as a key target for indirect dark matter detection. Solar modulation significantly influences the search for dark matter through antiproton detection. As antiproton particles penetrate the solar system, they are affected by the heliospheric magnetic field and solar wind, especially those with rigidities below 40 GV. Recently, AMS-02 published results from an 11-year solar...
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Amani Bemsa Bouasla (University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba)
High-energy atmospheric muons are the prevalent events detected by deep under-water/ice neutrino telescopes. Understanding their properties at sea level is crucial for accurately interpreting the observed signals. We present in this work results for the calculation of the flux and charge ration of atmospheric muons at sea level above 100 GeV. We use the Monte Carlo code CORSIKA for our...
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Aion Viana (IFSC-USP)
In the context of Indirect dark matter (DM) detection, we investigate the scenario of an Axion-like particle (ALP) model, a prime model candidate for DM where their non-thermal production can provide the correct DM density. Beyond their implications in different astrophysical phenomena, if DM is mostly made of ALPs, the Milky Way would be one of the main sources for ALP searches. We...
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Manuela Vecchi (Kapteyn Astronomical Institute)
Dark matter (DM) constitutes 27% of the universe, but its precise nature remains unknown. Several DM particle candidates were suggested, such as the Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), which can annihilate and create gamma rays. Our research focuses on detecting these gamma rays, specifically around Intermediate Mass Black Holes (IMBHs). The strong gravitational potential of IMBHs is...
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Amani Bemsa Bouasla (University of Badji Molhtar Annaba)
KM3NeT/ARCA is a very large-volume neutrino telescope currently under construction deep underwater in the Mediterranean Sea. Although primarily designed to search for high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources, this detector also has the potential to probe cosmic rays in the TeV-PeV energy range - an advantage made possible thanks to the atmospheric muons, which constitute the...
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Ahmed Eddymaoui
This study presents an updated search for magnetic monopoles using data collected over a 14-year period (2008–2022) by the ANTARES neutrino telescope. The interaction of magnetic monopoles with matter was modeled using the Kasama, Yang, and Goldhaber cross-section. Upper limits on the flux of magnetic monopoles were derived for velocities both above and below the Cherenkov threshold. No events...
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Tatsumi Koi (Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chubu University)
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the most energetic phenomena in the universe, attracting significant interest not only in astronomy but also in the field of particle physics.
GRB 221009A is the most energetic gamma-ray burst ever observed. A possible related phenomenon was reported as an increase in the muon detection rate by the Yangbajing Muon Telescope, which is installed at the...
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Marion Pillas (ULiège)
Astrophysical neutrinos may be produced during the coalescence of compact objects, in particular those involving neutron stars. Such mergers have been observed through gravitational wave detections by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA interferometers. The ANTARES and KM3NeT deep-sea neutrino telescopes are sensitive to neutrino interactions in a wide range of energies, from MeV to PeV. This contribution...
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Hermes León Vargas (Instituto de Física, UNAM)
The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory was designed to study gamma-ray sources in the energy range between a few hundred GeV up to few hundred TeV. It is composed of 300 Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCDs) that cover a surface of approximately 22,000 m$^2$, at 4100 m. a.s.l. In this study, we use the HAWC WCDs as a very large horizontal particle tracker, searching for horizontal...
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Francisco Salesa Greus (IFIC)
The ANTARES neutrino telescope was a 0.01 km$^{3}$ volume detector located at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. It operated from 2007 until early 2022, and over its 15-year span it accumulated valuable neutrino data. The primary goal of ANTARES was to detect neutrinos originated at astrophysical sources. Due to the optical properties of the sea water, ANTARES was able to reconstruct...
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Samantha Wong (McGill University)
The discovery of VHE emission from the Crab pulsar and, more recently, multi-TeV emission from the Vela pulsar have challenged our current understanding of the emission mechanisms of these sources. Studying pulsar emission at TeV energies allows us to understand the engines that power some of the most extreme accelerators in the Galaxy and their roles as potential positron factories. We...
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Lorenzo Ducci
Accreting neutron stars are expected to emit a redshifted 2.2 MeV line resulting from neutron capture. The detection of this line would provide constraints on the neutron star equation of state and offer insights into the nuclear reactions within the neutron star atmosphere. We have developed a theoretical framework aimed at predicting the optimal X-ray luminosity for the detection of this...
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Hongfei Zhang
In the past few years, extremely extended TeV radiation from middle-aged pulsars has been observed in multiple sources across several experiments. However, whether millisecond pulsars(MSPs) have the ability to produce TeV radiation remains an open question. The newly discovered source J0216+4237 by LHAASO is an example of an MSP that produces extended TeV radiation. In this research, we use...
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吴含荣 wuhr
Gamma rays serve as crucial messengers in the non-thermal universe, unaffected by cosmic magnetic fields, thus preserving their original directional information and playing a vital role in resolving the origins of cosmic rays. Transient cosmic gamma-ray sources, such as AGNs (Active Galactic Nuclei), GRBs (Gamma-Ray Bursts), and XBs (X-ray Binaries), among others, are significant producers of...
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Dr Alexander Kyriacou (University of Kansas)
Numerous experiments search for Ultra-High Energy Neutrinos by instrumenting the upper 200 meters of the polar ice sheet with antennas to detect neutrino-induced radio emission, including Askaryan radiation and radar reflections off the ionization trail left in the wake of the particle cascade. This places them within or immediately below the region of compacted snow, known as firn, which is...
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Philipp Mertsch (RWTH Aachen University)
The spectrum of cosmic-ray electrons depends sensitively on the history and spatial distribution of nearby sources. Given our limited observational handle on cosmic-ray sources, any model remains necessarily probabilistic. Previously, predictions were performed in a Monte Carlo fashion, summing the contributions from individual, simulated sources to generate samples from the statistical...
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Dr Leonardo Di Venere (INFN Bari)
Axion-like particles (ALPs) are a common prediction of several extensions of the Standard Model and could be detected through their coupling to photons, which enables ALP-photon conversions in external magnetic fields. This conversion could lead to two distinct signatures in gamma-ray spectra of blazars: a superimposition of energy-dependent "wiggles" on the spectral shape, and a hardening at...
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Stef Verpoest
The energy spectrum of muons produced in air showers depends not only on the properties of the primary particle, but also on the atmosphere. This is because of the competition between decay and interaction of the parent mesons, which depends on the atmospheric density. As a result, the number of muons at ground shows a seasonal variation, with the strength of the variation depending on the...
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Alexander Mishev
Measurements of the radiation background, particularly in the polar region are important. In general, there is a lack of systematic studies, and the obtained records so far are sparse. Most importantly, in the light of space weather research, measurements at flight altitudes are very welcome, particularly important to verify and improve the existing models accounting for this specific risk. ...
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Nicolas Moller
Over the years, many exotic particles have been theorized to explain the presence of dark matter in the universe, yet none have been confirmed. Recently, a new theoretical particle has made its way to the dark matter candidate family, carrying profound implications for our understanding of the universe.
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Shadow-charges leverage a fundamental principle: classical laws of physics are a mere... -
Siddhartha Gupta (Princeton University)
The kinetic Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method has become an essential tool for studying plasma interactions and particle acceleration in both laboratory experiments and space/astrophysical environments. Although several open-source codes provide valuable platforms for these studies, many suffer from limited user-friendliness, difficulty in problem setup, and inadequate documentation, making them...
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Jania Newton-Bosch (UNAM)
The atmospheric temperature and pressure effects on the measurements of the Solar Neutron Telescope (SNT) at Sierra Negra, Mexico, were studied. The SNT and a recently installed weather station are part of the Sierra Negra Cosmic Ray Observatory (SN-CRO), located at 4580 m a.s.l. We analyzed the data recorded by the SNT and the weather station during September and October, 2022 and applied a...
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Tim Huege
The radio emission of cosmic-ray air-showers changes significantly depending on parameters like frequency, magnetic field configuration and observing altitude. We use CoREAS simulations to adapt an existing signal model for the radio emission of inclined showers in the 30 − 80 MHz frequency band to the wide 50−200 MHz band. The model uses a parametrisation of the charge excess fraction to...
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Marvin Gottowik
CORSIKA 8 is a modern, flexible framework for simulating particle cascades in air and dense media, allowing for fully customizable shower simulations. The radio module autonomously handles electric field calculations and propagation to observer locations. It supports simultaneous simulations with both the "Endpoint formalism" as implemented in CoREAS and the "ZHS" algorithm from ZHAireS. In...
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Philipp Windischhofer (University of Chicago (US))
CORSIKA 8 is a modern Monte-Carlo simulation framework for particle showers in air and dense media. The calculation of shower-induced radio-emissions is a key element of the code, relevant for experiments targeting radio detection of cosmic rays and neutrinos.
In this contribution, we will report on the unique capabilities of CORSIKA 8 to simulate the radio emission from showers developing...
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Jeffrey Lazar
While IceCube’s detection of astrophysical neutrinos at energies up to a few PeV has opened a new window to our Universe, much remains to be discovered regarding these neutrinos’ origin and nature. In particular, the difficulty of differentiating electron- and tau-neutrino charged-current (CC) events limits our ability to measure precisely the flavor ratio of this flux. The Tau Air-Shower...
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Noppadol Punsuebsay
The Radio Neutrino Observatory in Greenland (RNO-G) was designed to detect ultra-high energy neutrinos through Askaryan radiation. The detector utilizes radio antennas that are deployed both just below the ice surface and inside the ice boreholes to observe radio signals that come from above and below the ice surface. However, high energy cosmic rays’ in-ice cores also produce radio emission...
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Fengrong Zhu
Extraterrestrial high-energy neutrinos serve as unique probes for unveiling extreme astrophysical processes and tracing the origins of cosmic rays, but their detection is highly challenging. This study simulates the lateral distribution characteristics of secondary particles，including in extensive air showers induced by protons and neutrinos within the energy range of 100 TeV to 100 PeV and...
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Francesco Carenini
The identification of astrophysical sources responsible for high-energy cosmic neutrinos has long been a challenge. A significant milestone was achieved with the blazar TXS 0506+056, which was found to be in a flaring state of high gamma-ray emission and associated at the 3sigma level with a 290 TeV neutrino detected by IceCube in September 2017. This discovery motivated deeper exploration of...
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Valentina Scotti
The SiSMUV project aims to develop a compact, modular UV detector for space telescopes, leveraging Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) to study fluorescence and Cherenkov signals from Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays and Very-High-Energy Neutrinos. The objective is to integrate state-of-the-art sensors and low-power readout electronics into a monolithic detector unit, enabling the construction of...
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Elisa Prandini (Padova University and INFN Padova, Italy)
Innovative science communication is key to engaging the public with complex topics such as astroparticle physics. As part of the Italian PRIN 2022 funding initiative, we are developing SkyNET-scape Room, an interactive escape room designed to introduce participants to the main messengers of the high-energy universe, namely cosmic rays, gamma rays, and neutrinos.
The experience is structured...
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Jerzy Pryga
The CREDO collaboration studies cosmic-ray related phenomena on a large scale, searching for so called Cosmic-Ray Ensembles (CRE) and other unusual correlations and anomalies of non local nature. Such studies require data on Extensive Air Showers (EAS) and flux of secondary cosmic-ray particles that covers large areas. To perform such measurements, a large network of inexpensive detectors...
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Federico Fraschetti (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian)
Gamma-ray emission in the GeV-TeV range from the solar disk (observed by Fermi-LAT and HAWC) is likely to arise from collisions of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with solar atmospheric plasma. We model the photo-/chromospheric magnetic field with a static, laminar structure of open field lines in the chromosphere increasingly braiding near the solar surface, with a typical scale height of 0.01...
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Jidapa Lakronwat
Solar Monitoring with Ions of Light Elements (SMILE) is a space-based charged particle detector payload using the delta E-E technique on the dual 3U CubeSat mission called SMILING. The objectives of the SMILE payload are to measure the variation of cosmic rays depending on magnetic latitude and asymptotic direction, monitor the temporal variations of solar energetic particle and Galactic...
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Dr Hiroshi Ito (Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan)
We propose to develop future detectors to verify the MSW effect on the oscillation in solar neutrinos. We have focused on inorganic scintillation crystals, which have a potential to be high energy-resolution detectors because their light yield is higher than that of liquid scintillation or water Cherenkov light. However, the background noise from radioactive impurities in the crystal and...
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Dr Hari Haran Balakrishnan
Solar flares are broadly classified into the impulsive flares and the gradual flares. Of these, the process by which ions are accelerated to high energies in the impulsive flares are not well understood. To elucidate this process, it is important to detect solar neutrons produced by solar flares. For this reason, we have installed instruments in high mountains all over the world to continue...
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Pablo Cervino-Solana (Universidad de Alcala (UAH))
Particle acceleration inside the solar atmosphere remains not fully understood. Although several mechanisms have been proposed, a widely accepted framework is still lacking. Understanding these processes is crucial not only for studying particle acceleration itself but also for providing deeper insights into the solar explosive events. The most natural approach to studying particle...
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Yuxuan Yang (Institute for Molecular Sciences UVSOR)
Polarization measurements are essential in astrophysics and nuclear physics, offering profound insights into fundamental physical processes. In astrophysics, the polarization of gamma rays provides critical information about high-energy astrophysical phenomena such as black holes, neutron stars, and gamma-ray bursts, helping to explore the radiation mechanisms and the structure of the...
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Dr Andrey Saveliev (Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University)
Lorentz invariance violation is a feature of several quantum gravity models in which Lorentz symmetry is broken at high energies, leading to potential changes in particle behavior and interactions. In this study, we investigate vacuum Cherenkov radiation, a reaction in which an electron spontaneously emits a photon. This process, forbidden when considering unbroken Lorentz symmetry, is a...
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Julian Saffer (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)
The IceCube Observatory comprises a cubic-kilometer particle detector deep in the Antarctic ice and the cosmic-ray air-shower array IceTop at the surface above. Previous analyses of the cosmic-ray composition have used coincident events with IceTop detecting the electromagnetic shower footprint, including GeV muons, while the sensors submerged in the ice measure the TeV muons from the same...
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Mischa Breuhaus
In this contribution, we investigate the cosmological evolution of quasars with the KM3NeT neutrino telescope. Quasars are amongst the most luminous non-transient extragalactic sources accelerating particles to relativistic velocities. These particles will produce gamma-rays as well as neutrinos. The quasar luminosities and number densities within the universe are evolving with redshift, and...
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Juan PalaciosGonzalez (IFIC (CSIC-UV))
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are intense transient phenomena occurring at a rate of about one per day, which are promising candidate sources of cosmic neutrinos in the GeV-PeV energy range. Despite extensive efforts, no correlation between neutrinos and GRBs has been observed so far, which motivates more exhaustive searches in a multi-messenger context.
In this contribution, a stacking search...
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Ellis Owen (RIKEN)
Galaxies with high star-formation surface densities often host large-scale outflow winds. These winds have been observed in local starbursts, such as Arp 220, M82, and NGC 253. They are also widespread at high-redshifts, where galaxies are typically more compact and have higher star-formation rates relative to their stellar mass. Outflow winds play a critical role in redistributing energy,...
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Enzio M'sihid (APC — Laboratory Astroparticle & Cosmology)
We present a comprehensive study addressing pile-up effects in single photoelectron counting with multi-anode photomultiplier tubes (MAPMTs) equipped with the SPACIROC-3 ASIC. Extended dead time in the electronics causes saturation and quenching of the counting rate, an effect we counter by inverting the saturation curve once the double pulse resolution is determined. Our work combines...
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Satoshi Fukami (DESY)
IceCube Upgrade, which will be completed in the beginning of 2026, will enhance the sensitivity of the current IceCube in the GeV range and improve understanding of the ice properties. Around 700 new modules will be deployed deep in the ice along seven strings within a horizontal circle of roughly 100 m in diameter, and most of the modules are spaced 3 m vertically. IceCube Upgrade consists...
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Dave Kieda
Abstract: The VERITAS Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope array (IACT) has been augmented with high-speed focal plane electronics to allow Stellar Intensity Interferometry (SII) observations of bright (OBA) stars in the visible waveband (416 nm). VSII observations have also served as a testbed to explore hardware and analysis improvements to advance the technique's sensitivity. VSII has...
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Cristina Lagunas Gualda
The Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment (P-ONE) is a planned cubic-kilometer-scale Cherenkov neutrino telescope that will be deployed off the West Coast of Canada. To evaluate the performance of the telescope and support future analyses, it is essential to have accurate simulations of neutrino interactions and background sources. This contribution provides an overview of the current status of...
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Patrik Čechvala (Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences)
The SST-1M telescopes are a pair of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) that have been operating at the Ondřejov Observatory (500 m a.s.l.) in the Czech Republic since 2022. Optimized for detecting gamma rays in the energy range 1-300 TeV, they are capable of performing both mono and stereo observations. Despite challenging atmospheric and geographical conditions, SST-1M has...
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SHIJUN LEI (Purple Mountain Observatory, CAS)
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) has been operating smoothly in a sun-synchronous orbit with an altitude of 500 km and an inclination angle of 97.4 degree for more than 9 years. The observation scanning the entire sky for more than 18 times facilitate a continuous probing of the anisotropy in the arrival directions of the cosmic rays with increasing sensitivity. In this poster we show...
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Ryunosuke SAKAMOTO (Osaka Electro-Communication University)
TAx4 is an extension of the detection area for ultra-high-energy cosmic ray observations in the Telescope Array experiment. In the TAx4 surface detector analysis, a lateral distribution function (LDF) is used to describe particle density as a function of distance from the air shower axis. The current TAx4 analysis assumes a symmetric LDF around the shower axis; however, this assumption may not...
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Yutaro Yano (Waseda University, Yorita Laboratory)
In the search and measurement for cosmic antiparticles, as one of the benchmarks for the GRAMS experiment, understanding of antiproton reactions in a liquid argon TPC with high-statistics is a vital research milestone. The identification of particles and antiparticles relies on the annihilation of antiprotons, which stop in liquid argon and interact with argon nuclei, producing multiple...
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Chuan Yue
The Forbush Decrease (FD) is characterized by a sharp decline followed by a gradual
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recovery in the intensity of low-energy cosmic rays. This phenomenon is thought to
be caused by disruptions in the heliosphere caused by solar events, such as coronal
mass ejections (CMEs). The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE), a
satellite-based experiment designed for detecting the cosmic radiation,... -
Dr Marcos Anzorena (ICRR, The University of Tokyo)
Solar cycle 25 is reaching its period of maximum activity. Associated to this, gigantic coronal mass ejection sweep cosmic rays in the Interplanetary medium, producing a sudden decrease in the cosmic-ray intensity is observed at Earth (and in space). These so called Forbush decreases (FD) can be detected on the surface of Earth at various geomagnetic cut-off rigidities using Neutron Monitors...
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Francesco Salamida (Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche Chimiche Università degli Studi dell'Aquila and Laboratori Nazionali de Gran Sasso INFN)
We investigate the effects of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) on photon interactions, considering both intergalactic propagation (Breit-Wheeler process) and atmospheric interactions (Bethe-Heitler process). By incorporating LIV into the theoretical framework, we analyze how it modifies key quantities such as the cross section, threshold energy, and mean free path of photons traveling...
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Tomás Capistrán (Università degli Studi di Torino & INFN Sezione di Torino)
A significant challenge encountered by ground-based gamma-ray observatories is the substantial quantity of cosmic-ray particles that trigger detections. Therefore, it is crucial to implement techniques that can distinguish and separate gamma-ray showers from cosmic-ray showers. The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) will be an array of water Cherenkov detectors, currently planned...
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Pranali Thakur (Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai)
The Forbush decrease (FD) is a short-term decrease in cosmic ray flux observed during the passage of transient interplanetary disturbances such as interplanetary counterpart of coronal mass ejection (ICME) and Co-rotating interaction regions (CIR). On 8-13 May 2024, multiple ICMEs erupted from active region AR 13664. On May 10, 2024, after the arrival of ICME shock at 17:04 UT, deep FD is seen...
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Hengying Zhang (Yunnan University)
Currently, solar activities are in the peak year of Cycle 25 (2024 - 2025), with frequent coronal mass ejections (CMEs)and high - energy particle stream events. Our research by using PRISMA - TU - 4 focuses on the impact of such activities on cosmic rays, such as the Forbush decrease (FD) and the Ground - Level Enhancement (GLE). PRISMA - TU - 4 is an observation system composed of four...
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Prof. Dongsu Ryu (UNIST)
The "solar metallicity problem" has persisted in solar structure modeling for over three decades. A precise measurement of CNO neutrinos could offer definitive evidence to resolve this issue, as their flux directly reflects the abundance of heavy elements in the solar core. The recent detection of CNO neutrinos by the Borexino experiment using a liquid scintillator detector marked a...
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Wei Gao (IHEP,CAS)
Hadrons serve as the "skeleton" of Extensive Air Shower (EAS), carrying critical information about cosmic ray composition and energy. Electron-Neutron Detector Array (ENDA) is capable of detecting the electromagnetic components generated by EAS as well as the secondary thermal neutrons produced by hadrons. This report simulates the response of the ENDA detector and conducts an investigation...
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Seungho Han, Xubin Wang (University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research)
In this presentation we report the study for searches for high-energy astrophysical electron neutrinos ($ν_e$) above 10 GeV using an optimized selection criterion in Super-Kamiokande (SK).
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Potential sources of high-energy astrophysical neutrino include galactic plane, active galactic nuclei such as NGC 1068, as well as specific types of supernovae with structure of circumstellar material.... -
Yihuan Zou
To observe celestial gamma rays above 100 GeV, we have developed a new type of SWCDA (Stereoscopic Water Cherenkov Detector Array) for the Extensive Air Shower (EAS) hybrid experiment. It consists of a liquid scintillator (LS) array and a stereoscopic water Cherenkov detector array. In the LS detector design, the collected scintillation light is transmitted to a Photomultiplier Tube (PMT),...
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Alan Sunny (IAPS-INAF and University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome)
Supernova remnants (SNRs) are among the primary sources of cosmic rays (CRs) in our galaxy and observations of the pion bump by AGILE and Fermi-LAT support their role in CR production. Recently LHAASO detected ultra-high-energy (UHE, > 100 TeV) γ-rays from several Galactic sources, including some SNRs. However, existing theoretical models predict that they can accelerate CRs to PeV energies...
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Sergey Koldobskiy (University of Oulu)
Measurements made by AMS-02 allow us to study temporal variations in cosmic ray fluxes with precision not achievable before. These variations are related to the process of solar modulation of cosmic ray fluxes, which is described by the transport equation introduced by Eugene Parker. However, the temporal variability of different energies is not well studied yet. In our work, we apply wavelet...
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Matteo Sorbara (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione Roma Tor Vergata)
The China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) is a space mission developed by the Chinese National Space Administration (CNSA) together with the Italian Space Agency (ASI), to investigate the near-Earth electromagnetic, plasma, and particle environment. The first satellite, CSES-01, was launched in February 2018. One of the main payloads on board the CSES-01 satellite is the High-Energy...
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Prof. Yufeng Li (Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing)
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a multi-purpose neutrino experiment primarily focusing on determining the mass ordering of neutrinos through the use of reactor antineutrinos. The JUNO detector is equipped with a 20-kiloton liquid scintillator target, monitored by 17,612 20-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and 25,600 3-inch PMTs. Construction of the JUNO detector was...
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Dr Carlo Francesco Vigorito (University & INFN, Torino, Italy)
The Large Volume Detector (LVD) at the INFN Gran Sasso National
Laboratory, Italy, is a neutrino observatory designed to study low energy neutrinos
from gravitational stellar collapses. The detector features 1000 tons of liquid
scintillator and is sensitive with full efficiency to core-collapse and failed
supernovae occurring in the Galaxy through neutrino burst detection.In this...
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Carsten Rott (University of Utah)
IceCube-Gen2 is a proposed next-generation neutrino facility at the South Pole, designed to expand upon the achievements of the pioneering IceCube observatory. This contribution provides a comprehensive review of efforts to ensure the sustainability of IceCube-Gen2 and minimize its environmental impact in Antarctica and in world-wide collaboration activities. Scenarios for overcoming...
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Mohammad Ful Hossain Seikh (University of Kansas)
The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA), located near the geographical South Pole, is one of the first two experiments designed to detect ultra-high energy neutrinos through the Askaryan effect. In this phenomenon, interactions of these neutrinos within dense media like ice generate coherent radio pulses. Operating within a radio frequency bandwidth of 150 to 850 MHz, ARA is deployed 100-200 m deep in...
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Prof. Lawrence R. Wiencke
The Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics Balloon with Radio mission (PBR) will point above Earth's limb to measure PeV energy cosmic rays, and record star images to monitor optical focusing in situ. PBR will point below Earth's limb to search for earth-skimming neutrinos. PBR will also measure EeV energy cosmic rays by tilting as far down as the nadir direction. All of these searches...
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Dr Jie Feng (Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University (CN))
We present an analysis of the time-dependent modulation of galactic cosmic rays near Earth, with a focus on the cosmic proton flux and polar field. Using data from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) and the Wilcox Solar Observatory, we identify a significant time-lagged relationship between the observation of two missions. Our model incorporates a weighted magnetic field parameter to...
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Prof. Daniele Fargion (Physics Department, Rome University 1, Sapienza, ; Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, INAF, Italy,)
The understanding of micro-quasars is one of the frontiers of high energy astrophysics. Their models are based on a capturing mass by compact objects , Neutron star (NS) or in general Black Hole (BH), with a nearby spiraling binary companion star. The companion star mass usually feeds an accretion disk around the NS or the BH. The in-falling mass also fuels a precessing X and gamma jets,...
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Elena Orlando
Based on AMS-02 and Voyager cosmic-ray (CR) measurements, we have tested and revised various CR propagation scenarios under standard assumptions: pure diffusion, diffusion with convection, diffusion with reacceleration, and diffusion with reacceleration and convection. We report on the performance of these scenarios against CR measurements, aiming to minimize the number of model parameters as...
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Sruthiranjani Ravikularaman (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)
Dark100 is a planned array of five telescopes, using the Panoramic Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (PANOSETI) telescope system. It will operate as an imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array, with a telescope design and array layout optimized for accessing gamma rays with tens of TeV to PeV energies. The science goals of Dark100 include the search for ultra-heavy dark matter,...
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Dr Stefano Mastroianni (INFN Napoli)
KM3NeT is a network of underwater Cherenkov neutrino telescopes currently under construction at two sites in the Mediterranean Sea. ARCA, located offshore the Sicilian Coast (Italy), is optimized for the detection of high energy cosmic neutrinos, while ORCA situated off the coast of Toulon (France), is designed for studying atmospheric neutrinos.
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Both detectors consist of vertical strings,... -
Fengrong Zhu
The GECAM (Gravitational Wave High-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor) mission, launched at the end of 2021, has significantly advanced our ability to detect and analyze high-energy astrophysical phenomena, particularly solar flares. This proceeding presents a comprehensive source catalog of solar flares observed by GECAM during near half a solar cycle, the key observational...
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Davide Mollica (INAF)
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an international project led by the Italian "Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica" (INAF) to build and operate an array of nine Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes designed to study Galactic and extragalactic sources in the multi-TeV energy range. It is located at the "Observatorio del Teide" (Tenerife, Spain) where the first telescope, ASTRI-1, is already operative....
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Mingjie Yang (Institute of High Energy and Physics)
The SiPM camera for the LACT project divides 1616 pixels into 101 sub-modules to facilitate the development, testing, assembly, and maintenance of detector modules. Each module consists of a 4×4 pixel array and a 16-channel Front-End Electronics (FEE) board. The FEE board integrates two main functionalities: 1) it shapes and amplifies the analog pulses from the SiPMs into narrow pulses and...
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Mingjie Yang (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
The LACT project will deploy 32 atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes with a diameter of 6 meters at Haizishan, Daocheng County, Sichuan Province, to conduct detailed structural measurements of multiple ultra-high-energy gamma-ray sources discovered by LHAASO. The cameras are installed on the optical focal plane of the telescopes to image the Cherenkov light reaching their surfaces. We will...
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Martin Nguyen (Technical University of Košice, Department of Computers and Informatics)
We present the first beta version of code to simulate cosmic ray acceleration on supernova remnants shock. A model built in Python provides spectra of accelerated cosmic rays by numerical solutions of Parker equations based on the SDE method for interstellar space and a model for exploding supernovae.
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Ilaria Del Rosso (University of Bologna, INFN-Bo)
The KM3NeT observatory hosts two undersea neutrino telescopes, ARCA and ORCA, located at two abyssal sites of the Mediterranean sea. The detectors consist of a 3D array of optical modules, each housing 31 3-inch photomultiplier tubes to detect Cherenkov light emitted by charged particles produced in neutrino interactions in water. Although still under construction, both detectors are already...
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Silvia Crestan (INAF)
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an international project aimed to build, deploy, and operate an array of nine small-sized dual-mirror Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) at the Observatorio del Teide (Tenerife, Spain). The array is designed to perform deep Galactic and extragalactic gamma-ray observations in the 1–200 TeV energy band, in synergy with other ground-based gamma-ray...
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Haroon Akhtar Qureshi (INFN Napoli)
The POEMMA-Balloon with Radio (PBR) mission incorporates an advanced data processing system (DP) to enable the detection and characterization of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and astrophysical neutrinos. The data acquisition (DAQ) system integrates inputs from the Cherenkov Camera, the Fluorescence Camera, the Radio Instrument and the X-Gamma detectors, ensuring synchronized event detection....
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Sambit Sarkar (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai)
The mass independent energy reconstruction of cosmic rays is crucial for understanding their origin, acceleration, and propagation. Precise measurement of the primary energy can also lead to better mass classification and could enable energy dependent anisotropy maps for individual elements. The GRAPES-3 experiment located in Ooty consisting of 400 scintillator detector array placed 8 m apart...
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Jean-François Glicenstein (IRFU, CEA Paris-Saclay)
NectarCAM is a Cherenkov camera which is going to equip the Medium-Sized Telescopes (MST) of the northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO).
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This contribution presents the hardware design of NectarCAM. The camera has a modular design, with 265 identical modules of 7 pixels, installed in a module holder and cooled by airflow. The modules are responsible for the... -
Andreas Haungs (KIT)
The Einstein Telescope (ET) will be the next generation gravitational wave observatory in Europe with a sensitivity reaching beyond the CMB into the dark era of the Universe. Each corner of the triangular baseline design is the center of two interferometers with 10 km long arms, one operated at room temperature, the other one with mirrors at cryogenic temperatures of 10 – 15 K that reduce the...
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Ritabrata Sarkar (Gran Sasso Science Institute)
The Zirè experiment is part of the NUSES space mission, proposed by the Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) in collaboration with many Institutes and Universities from Europe and US. Zirè science goals include the measurements of charged particles and light nuclei from few up to hundreds of MeVs, for the study of low energy CRs, space weather phenomena and possible...
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Bernardo Cornejo Avila (IRFU / CEA Paris-Saclay)
Multi-wavelength and multi-messenger astrophysics have experienced rapid growth over the past decade, seeking a complete picture of different cosmic phenomena. Transient sources, in particular, benefit from the input of multi-messenger observations, offering complementary perspectives on the same event while maximizing the detection probability of a rapidly fading signal.
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In this context,... -
Conor McGrath (Queen's University), Mr Dennis Calderon (Ohio State University)
The High Energy Light Isotope eXperiment (HELIX) is a balloon-borne superconducting magnet spectrometer designed to measure abundances of light cosmic-ray isotopes. HELIX which undertook its first engineering flight in the Spring of 2024, identifies cosmic rays through measurements of their velocity, rigidity and charge. These measurements and in particular measurements of beryllium isotopes...
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Dr Hazal Göksu (Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics)
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a planned next-generation ground-based water Cherenkov detector array designed for high-energy gamma-ray astronomy. SWGO will consist of a dense, tightly packed inner array surrounded by a sparse outer array. The technology choices for the inner array have been narrowed into a baseline design, which consists of optically isolated steel...
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Vincent Cecchini (IFIC Valencia - CSIC)
The KM3NeT neutrino telescope, under deployment in the Mediterranean Sea, consists of two detectors: KM3NeT/ARCA and KM3NeT/ORCA. Despite sharing the same hardware, their geometries are optimized for different neutrino energy ranges: ARCA targets high-energy neutrinos above the TeV scale, while ORCA focuses on the GeV-TeV range. Additionally, both are sensitive to MeV neutrinos from supernova...
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Massimo Mastrodicasa (Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" and INFN-Roma1)
KM3NeT is a multi-purpose neutrino detector under construction in the Mediterranean Sea and currently taking data with a partial detector configuration. It is composed of a network of two deep-sea water-Cherenkov detectors located at two different sites: ARCA (Italy), optimised for the detection of high-energy cosmic neutrinos in the TeV-PeV range, and ORCA (France), optimised for low-energy...
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Salvatore Viola
The KM3NeT (Cubic Kilometre Neutrino Telescope) is an underwater high-energy neutrino telescope consists of two detectors located offshore Toulon, France, at 2500 m water depth, called ORCA (Oscillation Research with Cosmics in the Abyss) and offshore Capo Passero, Italy, at 3500 m water depth called ARCA (Astronomy Research with Cosmics in the Abyss). The basic element of the detector is the...
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Dr Zhan-Fang Chen (Institute of Mordern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
The origin, acceleration, and propagation mechanisms of cosmic rays are fundamental scientific issues in the field of international cosmic ray research. The composition and energy spectrum of cosmic rays contain rich information about physical processes. Therefore, accurately measuring the composition and energy spectrum of cosmic rays is a key approach to studying and validating cosmic ray...
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Dave Kieda
The Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope (SCT) is a dual-mirror medium-sized telescope proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), the next-generation very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray observatory. A full-scale prototype SCT (pSCT) with a partially filled focal plane covering a field of view (FoV) of 2.7° began operations in January 2019 at the F. L. Whipple Observatory in Arizona,...
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Prof. Juan A. Garzon (Univ. Santiago de Compostela)
Cosmic ray background reaching Earth is a deeply interesting field of research. A precise measurement of the rate of secondary cosmic rays arriving at the Earth surface provides us ample information about the solar activity, the space weather and the possible forecasting of magnetic storms. With all of these purposes in mind a new generation of small, versatile and affordable tracking...
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Gloria Senatore (University of Zurich)
The LEGEND (Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless double beta Decay) experiment aims at the detection of the neutrinoless double beta decay, which, if observed, would lead to groundbreaking implications in neutrino physics and in cosmology. Located at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy, the experiment will discover if the neutrino is a Majorana particle (i.e. it...
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Gabriele Panebianco (INAF/OAS Bologna, Via P. Gobetti 93/3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)
Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) represents the next-generation facility for gamma-ray astronomy. It will be the largest gamma-ray observatory ever built, with sites in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. CTAO will provide extensive energy coverage from 20 GeV to 300 TeV, allowing us to advance our understanding of the universe significantly.
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CTAO will issue scientific... -
Jennifer Maria Frieden (EPFL - Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (CH))
Since its launch, in December 2015, the space-based DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) has been operating smoothly, continuously collecting data for more than nine and a half years. The Silicon-Tungsten tracKer-converter (STK) of DAMPE is designed to measure the absolute value of the charge and precisely reconstruct the trajectory of the incident charged particle. The STK consists of six...
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Prof. Eric Mayotte (Colorado School of Mines)
POEMMA Balloon with Radio (PBR) is a NASA super pressure balloon mission building toward the proposed Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) dual satellite mission. In its planned 2027 launch, PBR will study Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays, Neutrinos, and High-Altitude Horizontal Airshowers from 33 km above the Earth. By operating at balloon altitudes, PBR will provide a novel...
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Maurizio Iori
Within 2026 CTAO will complete the construction and installation of all four Large-Sized Telescopes (LST-1-4) foreseen at Observatorio de Roque de Los Muchachos (ORM) in La Palma (Canary Island) and we will finish to equip all with the optical calibration system (Calibox). The LST cameras require a precise and regular calibration, consistent for all four telescopes. The CaliBoxes are designed...
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Michele Palatiello (INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma)
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the next-generation gamma-ray observatory. CTAO foresees two observation sites, one located in the Northern Hemisphere (Canary Island of La Palma) and the other in the Southern Hemisphere (Atacama Desert in Chile), for observing gamma-ray events coming from all over the celestial vault.
Thanks to the CTA+ program, two Large-Sized...
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Alexander Kappes
An innovative optical module (OM) with segmented light-sensitive area has been developed for IceCube-Gen2 that will take neutrino astronomy at the South Pole to the next level. It builds on the successful features of the mDOM and D-Egg modules of IceCube Upgrade while adapting to the smaller borehole diameter of IceCube-Gen2. The newly developed OM, which is being tested in IceCube Upgrade,...
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Francesco Nozzoli (Universita degli Studi di Trento and INFN-TIFPA (IT))
Muon telescopes, distributed worldwide, serve as ground-based particle detectors that are simple, cost-effective, and highly robust. They typically consist of planes made from plastic scintillators or resistive plate chambers. Positioned on the Earth's surface, these detectors are mainly sensitive to secondary muons, which originate from the interactions of primary cosmic rays with the upper...
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Nicola La Palombara
The ASTRI Mini-Array (MA) is an international project led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) to construct and operate an observatory dedicated to gamma-ray astronomy in the TeV spectral band. The ASTRI MA is currently under construction and will consist of an array of nine innovative Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes located at the Teide Astronomical Observatory,...
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Jingtao Huang (Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China)
Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of Earth tomography using high-energy atmospheric neutrinos. High-precision geophysical models are essential to unravel Earth’s evolutionary history. The prevailing Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM) was established using traditional geophysical methods to determine the matter distribution throughout the Earth. The model however carries...
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Dr Stefano Mastroianni (INFN Napoli)
The Neutron Veto of the XENONnT experiment is designed as a Gadolinium-doped water Cherenkov detector to readuce the Nuclear Recoil background due to the radiogenic neutrons generated from the detector materials, mainly Time Projection Chambers (TPC) photomultipliers (PMTs) and cryostat structure, that mimic WIMP-induced signatures.
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The Neutron Veto sub-detector is made of an octagonal... -
Luca Riitano (UW-Madison)
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) will greatly improve upon sensitivities in the field of very-high-energy gamma-ray astrophysics. The CTAO northern site (CTAO-North, La Palma, Spain) currently hosts LST-1 with the remaining three large-sized telescopes (LSTs) expected in mid-2026 and one medium-sized telescope (MST) expected in late-2026. The CTAO southern site (CTAO-South,...
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Scott Nutter (NKU - Northern Kentucky University (US))
The Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder for the International Space Station (TIGERISS) is being constructed and is planned to be launched in 2027 and attached at the SOX location on the Columbus module on the ISS. TIGERISS will make the first definitive measurements of Ultra-Heavy Galactic Cosmic Rays (UHGCRs; Z >29) on an individual element basis past barium (56Ba), through the lanthinides,...
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Caterina Trimarelli (Universite de Geneve (CH))
The Terzina telescope is designed to detect ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and Earth-skimming neutrinos from a 550 km low-Earth orbit (LEO) by observing Cherenkov light emitted by Extensive Air Showers (EAS) in the Earth’s atmosphere pointing towards the telescope and in the field of view. In this contribution, a simulation chain for the Terzina telescope onboard the NUSES mission will...
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Tianyang Li
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a next-generation gamma-ray survey experiment designed to achieve high sensitivity and wide-field coverage of the southern sky. Simulating air showers and detector responses is crucial for optimizing the detector layout and observational strategies. However, traditional simulation methods (e.g., GEANT4) are computationally expensive due...
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Ms Mingjie Yang (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
The LACT project will deploy 32 atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes with a diameter of 6 meters at Haizishan, Daocheng County, Sichuan Province, to conduct detailed structural measurements of over a dozen ultra-high-energy gamma-ray sources discovered by LHAASO. The cameras of the telescopes will use Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) as light sensors. We have collected samples provided by multiple...
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Riccardo Nicolaidis (Universita degli Studi di Trento and INFN (IT))
SPaRKLE (Small Particle Recognition Kit for Low Energies) is a compact detector designed for $\gamma$-ray and low-energy charged particle physics in Low Earth Orbit. The project is carried out by an interdisciplinary team of students from the University of Trento and has been selected for the ESA Academy Experiments Programme 2023--2024. SPaRKLE is currently in Phase~C (Detailed Definition)....
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Valentina La Parola (INAF-IASF Palermo)
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an international project led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) which is in the process of deploying nine Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) of the 4-m class at the Observatorio del Teide in Tenerife (Spain). The project is designed to detect very high-energy gamma rays up to the multi-TeV scale. Upon completion it will be for some...
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刘加丽 jlliu (The Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.)
The Large Array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (LACT), comprising 32 telescopes, is currently under construction at the LHAASO site. The array will cover an area of nearly 1 km² and provide a unique platform for measuring the lateral distribution of Cherenkov light from extensive air showers. This paper systematically investigates the characteristics of this lateral distribution...
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Nikolay Budnev
The origin of cosmic rays in PeV energy regime is currently among the hot unsolved problems both in the observational and theoretical aspects. For the sub -PeV gamma-ray astronomy, a project of the TAIGA-100 installation with an area of 100 km2 and an energy threshold of 300-400 TeV is being developed. The installation of such a site will allow for the study of galactic PeVatrons at a...
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Rossella Caruso
The development of detectors using Silicon PhotoMultipliers (SiPMs) for acquisition of fast light signals coming from Cherenkov and fluorescence emissions started by particle showers in the Earth’s atmosphere is the main goal of the Italian ASI/INFN Agreement n. 2021-8-HH.2-2022, named “EUSO-SPB2 (Extreme Universe Space Observatory – Super Pressure Balloon 2)”, in view of the next generation...
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Nepomuk Otte (Georgia Institute of Technology)
Following the Trinity Demonstrator, Trinity One will be the first of the 18 Cherenkov telescopes that make up the Trinity PeV-Neutrino Observatory. Located on Frisco Peak in Utah, Trinity One has the capability to observe 64% of the sky, allowing it to detect potential neutrino point sources with unprecedented sensitivity, ranging from 1 PeV to 10 EeV. We outline the design of Trinity One,...
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Joaquín de Jesús (ITeDA, KIT)
As part of the upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory, known as AugerPrime, the Underground Muon Detector is being installed in the low-energy extension of the Surface Detector, allowing for a direct measurement of the muonic component of air showers produced by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with energies between 10$^{16.8}$ and 10$^{19}$ eV.
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The detector consists of an array of 30 m$^2$... -
Salvatore Viola
The KM3NeT neutrino telescope consists of two detectors: ARCA, at 3500m depth offshore Capo Passero, Sicily, and ORCA, at 2500m depth offshore Toulon. Both detectors consist in a 3D-grid of Detection Units (DUs), each with 18 Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), anchored on the seabed and linked to the shore station via optical fibers. Each DOM houses 31 3-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and the...
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Olena Kompaniiets (Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine)
Isolated active galactic nuclei (AGNs) serve as unique laboratories for studying nuclear activity driven solely by internal processes within galaxies. In this study, we analyze the X-ray emission of 2MIG isolated AGNs at redshifts up to 0.05. These AGNs are generally weak X-ray sources. Our sample consists of 61 isolated galaxies, with X-ray emission detected in only 25 of them. Among these,...
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Matteo Battisti
The POEMMA-Balloon with Radio (PBR) is a NASA mission designed to study Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) and Very-High-Energy Neutrinos (VHENs) from a balloon platform. Serving as a precursor to the planned POEMMA (Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics) satellite mission, PBR will be launched aboard a NASA Super Pressure Balloon for a targeted flight as long as 50 days at an...
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Antonio Liguori
The Zirè detector is one of the scientific payloads of the NUSES satellite, which is currently under construction and is foreseen to be launched in 2026. Zirè aims to measure electrons, protons, and light nuclei in a kinetic energy range spanning from a few MeVs to several hundred MeVs, enabling the study of low-energy cosmic rays, space weather phenomena, and potential...
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Nicolas Moller
Many well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of extremely heavy particles, such as nuclearites, Q-balls, and magnetic monopoles. However, detecting electrically neutral or non-relativistic particles remains an experimental challenge.
As these nearly macroscopic particles traverse matter, such as ice, they deposit energy through friction, heating the medium to...
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Stefan Fröse (TU Dortmund University)
Dark matter (DM) candidates, such as Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), can annihilate to Standard Model particles, subsequently producing gamma rays. In this work, we search for DM-induced gamma-ray signals from Coma Berenices dwarf spheroidal galaxy (CBe dSph) using approximately 25 hours of observations carried out by the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC)...
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Halim Ashkar (Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, E ́cole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France)
The rise of direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs) started a new era in multi-messenger astrophysics. Like GWs, many other astrophysical transient sources suffer from poor localization, which can span tens to thousands of square degrees in the sky. Moreover, as the detection horizon for these transients widens and the detection rate increases, current electromagnetic follow-up...
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Diego Mauricio Gomez Coral (Universidad Nacional Autonoma (MX))
New planned and in-development experiments for direct cosmic ray detection in balloons or satellites use plastic scintillators readout by silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to provide timing information with resolutions in the order of picoseconds (ps). This information is essential for triggering, vetoing, or particle identification. Due to the particularly harsh environmental conditions these...
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tian zhou
The temporal distribution of secondary particles in extensive air shower (EAS) is important to reconstruct the primary information of cosmic ray, such as the direction and energy. Due to acceleration/deceleration and deflection by the strong electric field in thundercloud, temporal structure of EAS disc will be changed. To study the effects of atmospheric electric field (AEF) on the time...
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Dr Hari Haran Balakrishnan
The atmospheric electric field (AEF) is a key characteristic of the Earth's atmosphere and changes as a result of local weather, seasonal patterns, and global electrical circuits. Under fair weather conditions, the AEF typically has an ambient strength of a few hundred volts per meter (V/m) near the ground. However, during turbulent weather conditions, the magnitude varies up to several...
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Shicong Hu (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
The number of very high energy transient sources is limited and the sample composition may be biased. With high duty cycle, wide field of view and high sensitivity, LHAASO is a promising facility to detect very-high-energy transient extra-galactic sources unbiasedly. For this purpose, we conducted an blind searching of transient phenomenon with time scale ranging from seconds to one month...
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Diletta Borselli
The knowledge of the atmospheric muon flux in cosmic rays at ground level is of considerable interest in various particle physics and applied physics experiments, in particular to calibrate Monte Carlo models used in atmospheric shower simulations and for precision studies of muon neutrino oscillations. In the literature there is no systematic study of the muon component at ground level at...
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Kenji Shinozaki
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are the most energetic particles known in the Universe, yet their origin remains unresolved. Due to their extremely low flux, UHECRs can only be observed through the air shower phenomenon. To measure such events, the Telescope Array (TA) experiment employs both fluorescence detectors (FDs) and surface detectors (SDs). To estimate the energy of the primary...
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Luca Foffano (INAF Rome (IAPS))
The ASTRI Mini-Array will be an array of nine Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes located at the Observatorio del Teide, in the Canary Islands. Out of them, one telescope (ASTRI-1) has been taking data since November 2024, with the rest of the telescopes expected to become operational during the next months.
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Given the complexity of the analysis of gamma-ray data acquired with Cherenkov... -
Kun Hu (Shandong University (CN))
A novel compact charge readout method based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) voltage-referenced receiver was proposed. In the highly integrated charge readout method, it consists of a dual-polarity Charge-to-Time Converter (dQTC) and digital FPGA. We refer to this new FPGA-based charge measurement method as FPGA-dQTC. In the FPGA-dQTC method, an FPGA input receiver serves as a voltage...
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Cyrus Pan Walther
Gamma-ray astronomy is able to acquire large data volumes that astronomers
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use to draw scientific conclusions from. Ensuring the possibility of accessing and
utilizing this data also after the lifetime of currently running
experiments requires the use of a standardized data format.
Following the data standardization format proposed by the gamma-ray astronomy
community, we show the first... -
Prof. Laura Valore (INFN Sezione di Napoli and University of Napoli Federico II)
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is proposed as a next-generation ground-based water Cherenkov detector array designed to study Very to Ultra-High-Energy gamma rays. It will be located in the Atacama Astronomical Park in Chile, at 4770 m above sea level, with a direct view of the Galactic Center and ample coverage of the Southern Sky. The proposed SWGO array will consist of...
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Mr Emmanouil Chaniotakis (National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Ellinogermaniki Agogi)
The first detection of Gravitational Waves in 2015 marked the dawn of Gravitational Wave Astronomy, a new observational window to the Cosmos (Nobel Prize Physics 2017). Since then, the worldwide LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) network of gravitational wave detectors have measured well over a hundred gravitational wave signals. To make students share in the thrill of discovery in an authentic setting...
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Angela Zegarelli (Ruhr Universität Bochum (RUB))
Over the last decade, the scenario of choked jets embedded in core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) has garnered significant attention. The extended stellar envelopes of red supergiant (RSG) and blue supergiant (BSG) stars, both progenitors of Type II supernovae, pose a challenge to the launch of a powerful jet capable of piercing through them. As the jet propagates, it dissipates energy in a...
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Grigory Safronov (INR RAS)
Baikal-GVD is a gigaton-scale neutrino telescope being constructed in
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Lake Baikal. The detector presently includes 13 independent detector
sub-arrays (clusters), each consisting of 8 or 9 strings, each of
which holds 36 optical modules. High-energy muon neutrino interaction
through the W-boson exchange results in the production of muons with
range of propagation reaching many kilometers.... -
Chiara Jane Papior (Experimentelle Astroteilchenphysik, Center for Particle Physics Siegen, Universität Siegen)
Photons of cosmic origin with maximum energies in the PeV ($10^{15}\,\text{eV}$) range have been discovered by several gamma-ray observatories. Photons at such energies are potentially produced during the acceleration of charged leptons and hadrons in so-called PeVatrons. The charged hadrons escaping from galactic PeVatrons are widely assumed to contribute significantly to the galactic...
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Jongil Jung (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute)
The cosmic ray neutron monitor detects secondary cosmic ray neutrons with energies ranging from ~ 500MeV to several GeV. This energy range is associated with solar activity. Therefore, it is useful for studying the Sun and the space environment. We operate two neutron monitors: one in Daejeon on the Korean Peninsula and the other at Jang-Bogo research station in Antarctica. Recently, we...
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Dr Victoria Parrish (Michigan State University)
The Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment (P-ONE) is set to deploy its first detection string in the Cascadia Basin off the coast of British Columbia, Canada. As a next-generation Cherenkov neutrino telescope, P-ONE will be sensitive to ultra-high-energy neutrinos (10³–10⁸ GeV) from astrophysical sources. To effectively capture these rare physics signatures, the experiment's trigger system must...
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Yiwei Zhu (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
TRIDENT is a future, next-generation neutrino telescope to be built in the South China Sea, designed to discover astrophysical neutrino sources and probe fundamental physics over astronomical distances. An optimal trigger system is needed to ensure events of interest are recorded with high efficiency, while also minimizing the rate of backgrounds during data transmission. For example,...
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Nicole Osborn
SuperTIGER (Super Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder) is a balloon-borne instrument designed to directly measure ultra-heavy galactic cosmic-ray (UHGCR) nuclei. SuperTIGER had two successful Antarctic flights: one in 2012 for 55 days and one in 2019 for 32 days. Stratospheric float altitudes varied between ~36-40 km for both flights. The elemental abundances measured by SuperTIGER must be...
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Maxwell Nakos
The origins of ultra-high-energy particles remain one of the most profound mysteries in astrophysics. If nearby transient sources of ultra-high-energy particles exist, we might expect correlated emission of neutrinos and photons, arriving in close temporal and spatial coincidence. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, located at the South Pole, is sensitive to neutrinos from TeV to EeV energies,...
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Marta Razza
Antinuclei detection by space-borne experiments close to Earth has been identified as a smoking gun for dark matter signals. Recently, theoretical efforts were attempted to introduce new channels for antinuclei production from $\overline{\Lambda}_{b}$ decays. This decay channel was never observed and requires experimental evidence, to which the Large Hadron Collider offers the ideal...
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Fabio ACERO
The Gammapy library is an open-source framework designed for gamma-ray astronomy data analysis. Built on the scientific Python ecosystem and leveraging open data formats, Gammapy offers a uniform platform for reducing and modeling data from different high-energy instruments. It greatly facilitates interoperability between observatories, enabling comprehensive joint analyses. Initiated in 2014...
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Mr Sovan Boxi (Raman Research Institute)
The extended ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma-ray source HAWC J1844–034 is closely associated with two other sources, HAWC J1843–032 and HWC J1846–025. Moreover, other gamma-ray observatories like HESS, LHAASO, and Tibet ASγ have detected UHE gamma-ray sources whose spatial positions coincide with the position of HAWC J1844–034. The UHE gamma-ray data from several observatories aid analysis of...
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Parth Deepak Pavaskar (DESY Zeuthen, Uni Potsdam)
Our research investigates the cascade properties of fast-mode magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in compressible plasmas, which play a crucial role in cosmic ray scattering and acceleration. Fast modes are known to scatter cosmic rays much more efficiently than Alfvén modes, yet the dynamics behind their energy transfer remain under-explored. To address this gap, we conduct high-resolution,...
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Dr Silvia Crestan (INAF)
In recent years the number of known sources emitting very- and ultra-high-energy gamma-rays has increased significantly thanks to facilities such as LHAASO and HAWC. Many of the observed sources are still unidentified or poorly constrained due to the limited angular resolution of these instruments; however, it is now ascertained that approximately half of them have a middle-aged pulsar in...
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Atreya Acharyya (University of Southern Denmark)
In this study, we investigate the potential to observe, for the first time, Hawking radiation from asteroid-mass black hole morsels, hypothesized to form during catastrophic astrophysical events such as binary black hole mergers. The black hole morsels, ejected during the merger, may account for the unobserved merger mass and are predicted to emit a characteristic gamma-ray signal spanning the...
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Salvatore Viola
IDMAR is a multidisciplinary underwater research infrastructure currently under
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construction in the abyssal depths of the Mediterranean Sea, off the
southeastern coast of Sicily. It integrates innovative sensors for real-time
studies in the underwater environment. One of IDMAR’s primary use cases is ARCA,
the Cherenkov detector being developed by the KM3NeT Collaboration as part of
the... -
Oliver Janik (Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg)
Characterizing the astrophysical neutrino flux with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory traditionally relies on a binned forward-folding likelihood approach. Insufficient Monte Carlo (MC) statistics in each bin limits the granularity and dimensionality of the binning scheme.
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A neural network can be employed to optimize a summary statistic that serves as the input for data analysis, yielding the... -
吴含荣 wuhr
The Crab Nebula is an important object of study in gamma-ray astronomy. Since the full array operation of LHAASO-KM2A in July 2021, it has conducted long-term and efficient observations of the Crab Nebula in the very high energy (VHE) range, in the tens of TeV region. We have obtained light curves, energy spectra, and ultra-high-energy photon data from the direction of the Crab Nebula since...
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Teresa Mineo
The ASTRI Mini-Array, an array of nine innovative Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes, is an INAF project devoted to the study of gamma-ray sources emitting at very high-energy in the TeV spectral range. It is situated at the Teide Astronomical Observatory, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, on Mount Teide in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain), where the first telescope, named ASTRI-1,...
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Felix Schlüter
The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is a next-generation radio telescope, and upon construction in 2030 the world's most sensitive one. SKA will comprise a low frequency component with almost 60$\,$000 radio antennas on an extremely densely instrumented area of about 1$\,$km$^2$ located in Australia. Sensitive to the radio emission in the 50 to 350$\,$MHz band, these astonishing dimensions offer...
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Damini Bhagwath (University of Central Lancashire, UK)
The transport of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) through the interplanetary space remains a challenging aspect in space physics. The effects of the interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind turbulence on the SEP arrival to Earth has motivated the adoption of physics-based approaches in operational space weather forecasting. 3D physics-based models offer a framework for incorporating the...
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Iurii Sushch (CIEMAT, Spain)
Majority of supernova remnants expand into a complex environment of the stellar wind bubble blown up either by their progenitor or their companion star, where forward shock might interact with various density inhomogeneities. Such interactions would cause formation of fast reflected shocks propagating back and forth between the forward shock, the contact discontinuity in the interior of the...
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Anne Duerr (University of Utah)
Occultations, the covering up of one celestial body by another celestial body, have been used in astronomy for millennia to learn about the sun and moon. Since 2018, VERITAS has implemented a program to detect predicted asteroid occultations, where an asteroid covers up a star. VERITAS has attempted to observe close to 100 occultations to date and successfully observed 12 occultations. With...
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Kaustav Dutta
While high-energy astrophysical neutrinos are well-established, their flavor composition remains relatively unconstrained. In IceCube, long muon tracks from $\nu_\mu$-CC interactions are easily identified but the detector geometry does not allow sufficient granular resolution to distinguish the cascade-type events. The Neutron Echo - a delayed light signal in the detector from neutron capture...
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Shotaro Abe (ICRR, UTokyo)
Observations of the Galactic Center with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) have identified HESS J1745-290, a very-high-energy (VHE; > 100 GeV) gamma-ray source that is spatially coincident with the dynamical center of the Milky Way Galaxy. The emission detected by IACTs appears point-like (< 0.1 deg) and exhibits a pronounced suppression in its energy-differential spectrum at...
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Dr Εmmanouil Chaniotakis (Ellinogermaniki Agogi)
Virgo, hosted at the European Gravitational Observatory (EGO) in Cascina, Italy, is one of the most advanced physics research centers in Europe. As part of its education and public outreach mission, Virgo virtually opens its doors for schools across Europe and beyond with remote guided tours in English. Visiting a cutting-edge research laboratory like Virgo offers a unique opportunity to...
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Hao Sun (Shandong university)
We present a novel design for Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCDs) that integrates small photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) with wavelength-shifting (WLS) fiber bundles. A prototype detector was constructed and rigorously tested under various configurations, including vertical, inclined, and peripheral muon incidences, as well as self-trigger operation.
Key advancements include the introduction of...
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Dr Antonella Tarana (INAF-IAPS)
X-ray binaries (XRBs) are strong hard X-ray emitters and among the most common sources in the Galactic plane within the 20–100 keV energy range. A handful of XRBs, both transient and persistent, have also been detected as gamma-ray emitters by Fermi/LAT and AGILE-GRID above 30 MeV (e.g., Cyg X-3, Cyg X-1, and V404 Cyg), yet the origin of this gamma-ray emission remains largely unknown....
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Mr Nabeel Hussain Tabasam (Shandong University, China)
The LHAASO-KM2A can precisely measure the shower sizes of both electromagnetic particles and muon content in cosmic-ray air showers. In this study, we present a method for estimating the energy of primary cosmic rays over a broad zenith angle range (0°–40°) with a consistent zenith-angle correction. This wide range zenith angle enhances cosmic-ray measurement statistics by significantly...
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