14–24 Jul 2025
CICG - International Conference Centre - Geneva, Switzerland
Europe/Zurich timezone
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A modelling study of the solar modulation of galactic protons at lower energies over changing solar activity

16 Jul 2025, 16:20
15m
Room 4

Room 4

Talk Solar & Heliospheric Physics SH

Speaker

Dzivhuluwani Ndiitwani (1.Center for Space Research, North West University, South Africa. 2. School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North West University, South Africa)

Description

The interest in the study of the global features of the modulation of galactic cosmic rays has been increasing since the 23rd solar minimum. This is supported by various detectors such as PAMELA, AMS-02 and HEPD01, providing cosmic ray particles measurements at Earth over two complete solar cycles i.e., the 23rd and 24th. These exceptional observations provide an opportunity for enhanced numerical modeling of the modulation of galactic cosmic rays over a wide range of rigidity at the Earth. In this study a well-established three-dimensional drift model is used to compute proton spectra for these two solar cycles that are compatible with the mentioned observations. The main objective is to adapt the model quantitatively to reproduce global spectral features properly so that proton fluxes can be selectively studied in detail at lower energies, which are strongly affected by the heliosphere in their propagation.

Author

Dzivhuluwani Ndiitwani (1.Center for Space Research, North West University, South Africa. 2. School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North West University, South Africa)

Co-authors

Alessandro Sotgiu Dr Donald Ngobeni (1. Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. 2. Department of Physical and Earth Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley, South Africa) Francesco Palma (INFN - Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, V. della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy) Innocentia Itumeleng Ramokgaba (Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa) Marius Potgieter (Institute for Experimental and Applied Physics, Christian Albrechts University in Kiel, Germany) Matteo Martucci Mirko Boezio (Universita e INFN, Trieste (IT)) O.P.M Aslam (School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK) Riccardo Munini (INFN - Universita Studi Trieste)

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