Speaker
Description
The Loaded Layer-Cake Model provides a quantitative framework for understanding cosmic ray spectra through time-dependent acceleration, diffusion, and spallation processes within SN-shocks, wind shock shells, and OB-Superbubble regions. After integration, the model yields a series of mathematical expressions, which are applied to observational AMS cosmic ray data to provide fits. In the interaction zone, a Kolmogorov spectrum of magnetic field irregularities shapes the rigidity-dependent variation in cosmic ray spectra, resulting in a local spectral slope change of −1/3. In the bubble zone, lightning-induced magnetic wave-fields excited by electric discharges influence the spectra, leading to a slope change of −5/3. Additionally, at rigidities greater than 135 GV, a global fit shows a common spectral slope of −2.65, depicting behavior of the acceleration zone. The model accommodates AMS data for primary cosmic rays (He, C, O, Fe) and secondary cosmic rays (Li, Be, B, ³He) and has been expanded to include Ne, Mg, Si, N, Na, Al, and F. Fit coefficients provide a foundation for comprehending cosmic ray behavior throughout the entire spectrum of each element. Fitting results for the expanded dataset are presented, and convincingly demonstrate that the spectral slopes accurately reflect the variations induced. Challenges with the current model are analyzed and discussed. Future refinements are proposed to enhance the model’s accuracy and capability in understanding cosmic ray propagation and interactions.
