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26/08/2007, 19:00
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Prof. Danilo Zavrtanik (University of Nova Gorica)27/08/2007, 09:15
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Dr Jure Zupan (Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology)27/08/2007, 09:30
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Prof. Nemanja Kaloper (University of California, Davis)27/08/2007, 09:45We outline a dynamical dark energy scenario whose signatures may be simultaneously tested by astronomical observations and laboratory experiments. The dark energy is a field with slightly sub-gravitational couplings to matter, a logarithmic self-interaction potential with a scale tuned to $\sim 10^{-3} {\rm eV}$, as is usual in quintessence models, and an effective mass $m_\phi$...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Jim Bergquist (NIST Boulder, USA)27/08/2007, 11:00In recent years, several groups throughout the world have initiated research toward the development and systematic evaluation of frequency and time standards based on narrow optical transitions in laser-cooled atomic systems. In this report we present some of the results obtained in comparative studies of the Hg+ single ion optical clock, the Al+ single ion optical clock and the Cs fountain...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Ekkehard Peik (PTB Braunschweig, Germany)27/08/2007, 11:45The techniques of trapping and laser cooling of ions have allowed to perform laser spectroscopy of forbidden transitions with a resolution of a few hertz. These systems will be used as optical atomic clocks that offer higher stability and greater accuracy than the best primary cesium clocks available today. At PTB we have built an optical clock based on a single trapped ytterbium ion and...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Cristophe Salomon (Kastler Brossel, Paris, France)27/08/2007, 14:30We will describe the present status for the realization of the SI unit of time, the second. Microwave frequency standards operating with laser cooled cesium and rubidium atoms have advanced by two orders of magnitude in the last two decades. Cesium fountains currently operate at the fundamental quantum noise limit with 107 detected atoms and display a relative frequency stability of...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Raymond Chiao (UC Merced, USA)27/08/2007, 15:30Pairs of Planck-mass--scale drops of superfluid helium coated by electrons, when levitated in the presence of strong magnetic fields and at low temperatures, can be efficient quantum transducers between electromagnetic (EM) and gravitational (GR) radiation. A Hertz-like experiment, in which EM waves (microwaves) are converted at the source into GR waves, and then back-converted at...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Don Howard (Univ. of Notre Dame, USA)28/08/2007, 09:00This talk traces the history of quantum entanglement from Einstein's earliest worries in 1905-at the time of the photon hypothesis paper-about the failure of the mutual independence of quanta outside of the Wien regime, through his early speculations ca. 1909 about wave-particle duality and his first clear and deep insight into the mutual dependence of systems obeying bosonic...Go to contribution page
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Dr Lucia Hackermuller (Johannes-Gutenberg University Mayence)28/08/2007, 09:45We use a near field interferometer of Talbot-Lau type to investigate the wave particle duality of large molecules such as C70 fullerenes. This device is also well suited to study the quantum-to-classical transition via decoherence mechanisms that occur quite naturally in such an interferometer. Interactions of the interfering particle with the surrounding environment lead to a collapse of...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Aurelio Bay (EPFL, Switzerland)28/08/2007, 10:45The neutral B-meson pair produced at the Upsilon(4S) should exhibit a non-local correlation of the type discussed by Einstein, Podolski, and Rosen. The time-dependent flavour asymmetry of the B mesons decaying into flavour eigenstates will be used to test such a correlation. The asymmetry obtained from semileptonic B0 decays is in agreement with the prediction from quantum mechanics...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Claus Kiefer (Univ. Koln, Germany)28/08/2007, 11:45Canonical quantization is among the main approaches to quantum gravity. Its main conceptual problems are reviewed in my talk. Most of them are centred around the problem of time: a time parameter is absent in the fundamental equations. I discuss the meaning of time in full quantum gravity and the recovery of semiclassical time as an approximation. This also includes the Hilbert-space...Go to contribution page
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Dr Edward Anderson (Univ. of Cambridge, UK)28/08/2007, 14:30The problem of time is a major conceptual stumbling block in attempting to quantize gravity. For, time is conceptually different in general relativity and in conventional quantum theory, which are the two structures that one would seek to combine in forming a theory of quantum gravity. I consider the timeless records approach to this in this seminar. Records are localized,...Go to contribution page
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Dr Martin Tajmar (Austrian Research Centers)28/08/2007, 15:30The search for frame dragging around massive rotating objects such as the Earth is an important test for general relativity and is actively pursued with the LAGEOS and Gravity Probe-B satellites. Within the classical framework, frame dragging is independent of the state (normal or coherent) of the test mass. This was recently challenged by proposing that a large frame-dragging field...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Matej Pavsic (Josef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana)28/08/2007, 16:15A generalization of the theory of relativity is considered in which spacetime $M_4$ is replaced by the configuration space ${\cal C}$ associated with a given physical system. In particular, for a system of point particles we assume that its dynamical behavior is determined by the minimal length action in ${\cal C}$. In other words, the system is considered as a point that traces a...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Jorge Pullin (Louisiana State University)29/08/2007, 09:00There are gravitational limitations on how accurately one can measure space and time. As a consequence of these limitations, when one formulates quantum mechanics and quantum field theory in terms of real measuring rods and clocks the resulting theory is not unitary. This has implications for the black hole information puzzle and may in a not too distant future lead to testable experiments.Go to contribution page
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Prof. Matt Visser29/08/2007, 09:45There is a possibility that spacetime itself is ultimately an emergent phenomenon, a "low-energy long-distance approximation", similar to the way in which fluid mechanics is the near-universal low- energy long-distance approximation to quantum molecular dynamics. If so, then direct attempts to quantize spacetime are misguided --- at least as far as fundamental physics is concerned.Go to contribution page
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Prof. Masanori Yamauchi (KEK, Japan)29/08/2007, 11:00In particle physics, a theory called Standard Model has been established in the last two decades, which successfully describes almost all the known experimental results up to O(100) GeV energy scale. However it is widely believed that the Standard Model is only an approximation of an unrevealed theory that governs physics at O(1000) GeV energy scale, and purposes of the modern high...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Marco Sozzi (University of Pisa)30/08/2007, 09:00A review is provided of the measurements and investigations of direct and indirect CP violation, and the related T violation, within the neutral and charged kaon systems, discussing the evolution of the field, the most relevant and recent experimental results. An overview of ongoing activities and new projects being prepared is also presented.Go to contribution page
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Prof. Tatsuya Nakada (CERN)30/08/2007, 09:45Study of Flavour quantum numbers in elementary particle physics had successfully revealed the structure of the Standard Model indirectly, before the direct discoveries were made; such as charm, beauty and top quarks and GIM mechanism and Kobayashi-Masukawa phase and CP violation. At LHC, physics beyond the Standard Model will be studied directly by searching for new particles...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Antonio Di Domenico (University of Rome "La Sapienza")30/08/2007, 10:45The neutral kaon system offers a unique possibility to perform fundamental tests of CPT invariance, as well as of the basic principles of quantum mechanics. The most recent limits on CPT violation will be reviewed, including the ones based on the Bell-Steinberger relation, related to possible decoherence mechanisms, or Lorentz symmetry breaking. Quantum coherence and other QM tests...Go to contribution page
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Prof. Martin Bojowald (Penn. State Univ., USA)30/08/2007, 11:45A discrete structure of space and time is often expected to result from a quantum theory of gravity. Loop quantum gravity realizes this clearly at least for space while time, in such a canonical quantization, is handled more indirectly. Cosmological scenarios show how the discreteness of time, unnoticeable at current scales, becomes an important feature in the early universe. It plays a...Go to contribution page
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Dr Bobby Acharya (Abdus Salam ICTP)30/08/2007, 14:30The LHC will begin data taking in the Summer of 2008. We review the physics potential of the ATLAS and CMS experiments with an emphasis on the new types of particles which might be produced in the Proton-Proton collisions at 14 TeV.Go to contribution page
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Prof. Carlo Baccigalupi (SISSA)30/08/2007, 15:30We review the physics of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies and how the early universe and cosmological structure formation imprint their records into it. We describe the status of the CMB experiments, pointing out the CMB observables which are still beyond reach of the operating detectors. Finally, we focus on the the expectations from Planck and future probes.Go to contribution page
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Dr Seif Randjbar-Daemi (Abdus Salam ICTP)31/08/2007, 09:00We review the physics in space times of higher than 4-dimensions with particular emphasis on two extra dimensions. Some recent results about the spectrum of 3-brane with positive and negative tensions in gauged supergravities in 6 dimensions will be discussed. In these theories it is possible to be obtain large mass gaps even in the large volume limit.Go to contribution page
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Dr Martin O'Loughlin (University of Nova Gorica)31/08/2007, 10:00We study in detail the solution space for a class of sypersymmetric solutions to supergravity. The solutions fall into three classes, non-singular, null-singular and time machines with a time-like naked singularity. We study the general features of these metrics and prove that there are actually just two generic classes of space-times - those with null singularities are in the same class as...Go to contribution page
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Dr Gordana Medin31/08/2007, 11:00
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Prof. Serguey Petcov (SISSA, Italy)
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