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The construction of Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGD) is the main focus of the Micro-Pattern Technologies (MPT) workshop at CERN. After a brief introduction to the activities of the MPT workshop, the presentation will retrace the technological developments for three different types of MPGDs that made it possible to obtain such detectors, which are now deployed on a large scale in particle physics experiments.
The First example presented will be GEM detectors, where the step of going from a photoimageable polyimide, used in micro-electronics to passivate integrated circuits, to a particle detector able to operate more efficiently than wire chambers in the very harsh and challenging environment of high-energy physics experiments.
The second example retraces the path followed to go from a stainless steel grid, used for screen printing of patterns on textiles or posters, to the production of MicroMegas detectors, used for example for the New Small Wheels (NSW) of the ATLAS experiment.
The last example will deal with µ-Rwell detectors, a technology initially abandoned as soon as it appeared after the development of GEMs in 1998, but which is now revealing its full potential after being neglected for more than 20 years. For this it has been necessary to understand in detail the mechanisms which govern the electrostatic discharges and to control the techniques to deposit under vacuum resistive layers, necessary to control discharges.
This presentation will conclude with an outlook on technologies that may play a role in the future by further perfecting the before mentioned technologies and or developing new ones.
Burkhard Schmidt (EP-DT)