Notification of remarkable helium loss in early stage is crucial, especially in the shortage period of helium supply market, for operating a cryogenic plant with its downstream cryostats of superconducting devices. This paper proposes an indicator representing the amount of helium gas remained in the cryogenic plant and associate cryostats during their normal operation period. The indicator is...
The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory consists of one existing hadron ring and new electron accelerator. The EIC incorporates beamline and detector elements that require superconductivity, which is achieved by cooling these elements to cryogenic temperatures. The EIC cryogenic systems are designed to provide cooling for various components, including heat shield...
The European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS) is a neutron-scattering facility being built with extensive international collaboration in Lund, Sweden. An essential part of the project is the linear 2.0 GeV proton accelerator (linac). Its superconducting part is cooled by means of a dedicated 2K refrigerator, the Accelerator Cryoplant (ACCP). 2K are achieved with three serial turbo compressors and...
The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory houses LCLS-II, a superconducting linear accelerator (LINAC) that began operations in October 2023. Central to this advanced accelerator technology are two 4 kW @ 2.0 K Cryoplants. Supporting their operation is a dedicated Cooling Water System (CWS) with a total capacity of 2,000 m³/h. Most of the water is directed to the Warm Helium Compressor (WHC)...
The future operation of the 4 kW 15 Kelvin MOLLER experiment at Jefferson lab necessitates an increase of cryogenic capacity at the End Station Refrigerator. The current plant is the former 1.5 kW (4.5 K) ESCAR plant that has been operating at Jefferson Lab since 1995. The existing 1.5 kW plant is not able to support the load for MOLLER and will be replaced with a refurbished plant comprised...
The Cryogenic Test Facility (CTF) at Jefferson Lab provides cryogens to support production and testing of accelerator cryomodules. Within the CTF, a standalone shield refrigerator produces nominally 35 K helium to cool heat shields in the cryomodules and cryogenic distribution system. It consists of four heat exchangers packaged into a cold box and a separate reciprocating expander pod. After...
