Cryogenic structural components, such as collars, bladders, keys for superconducting magnets, and elements of liquid hydrogen storage systems like hoses and valves, are frequently constructed from austenitic stainless steel due to its favorable properties. However, manufacturing these components using traditional methods is challenging due to their complex geometries. Additive manufacturing...
Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) is developing a high-field, compact tokamak, SPARC, enabled by REBCO-based high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. For the toroidal field magnetic coils, the REBCO tape is housed in austenitic stainless steel radial plates. The structural loads on the radial plates from Lorentz forces are extremely high during operation. Austenitic stainless steels are...
Laser and electron beam welding processes are advanced manufacturing technologies that are critical for the high precision and complex geometries prevalent in cryogenic systems. Implementation of these technologies is currently reliant on high skilled labor. Furthermore, designs are pushing the process physics and the material properties to their limits. In-situ and in-operando monitoring is...
Maraging steels are attractive alloys for engineering applications requiring high strength, good fatigue, and fracture properties. Although Maraging steel is usually used in room temperature or elevated temperature applications, it has found a place in cryogenic applications. Cryogenic data for maraging steels in the literature is limited. Since it is a precipitate-hardened martensitic steel,...
Fusion applications utilizing magnets require the use of materials that are capable of withstanding the cyclic electromagnetic forces during startup and shutdown at cryogenic temperatures. Because of the cyclic nature of loading, a fatigue model is essential to characterize the capability of these parts to determine operational life and prevent premature component failure. Thus, there is a...
The in-situ monitoring of strain field evolution and dissipative effects in advanced materials at cryogenic temperatures represents a significant milestone in understanding thermo-mechanical behaviour under extreme conditions. This research focuses on conducting full-field strain measurements at liquid nitrogen (77K) temperatures using an innovative DIC-enhanced experimental platform. Two type...
