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Description
Early Thermalization in kenitic theory via spectrum method: The Role of Pair-Correlations
Relativistic hydrodynamics has provided an excellent description of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) produced in heavy-ion collisions. However, as a framework for describing collective behaviors in many-body systems at the mesoscopic scale, hydrodynamics fails to address the early thermalization problem of the QGP.
In this work, we calculate the thermalization time of a relativistic many-body system at the microscopic scale within the framework of kinetic theory, focusing on the nonlinear evolution of the pair-correlation distribution function—an aspect typically neglected—alongside the one-particle distribution function.
The spectrum method is employed to reformulate two coupled equations that describe the evolution of both the one-particle distribution function and the pair-correlation function, derived from the Bogoliubov–Born–Green–Kirkwood–Yvon hierarchy. The equations are numerically solved for general initial conditions, and the thermalization time is extracted from the evolution of both bulk viscosity and the shear-stress tensor.
In summary, we compare the thermalization times across three models: (1) a pair-correlation model, (2) a nonlinear Boltzmann model, and (3) a linear Boltzmann model, revealing the validity of each scenario within the context of thermalization dynamics.
