Speaker
Description
CERN has developed a 40T solenoid concept for the Muon Collider final cooling stage of the muon beam. The concept proposes modular solenoid with central bore aperture of 50mm, which provides a 40T magnetic field with 1% uniformity over a length of 0.5m. The solenoid employs non-insulated Rare earth Barium Copper Oxide (ReBCO) high temperature superconductor windings, operated at 4.2 K.
This study presents a comprehensive two-dimensional parametric mechanical model for the solenoid by incorporating developed concept requirements. The model developments are performed by using COMSOL Multiphysics, and the work is carried out in collaboration with experts from both the International Muon Collider Collaboration and CERN.
The model incorporates homogenization of the superconducting winding material, representation of three-dimensional geometric effects within a two-dimensional model, as well as simulation of the 40T solenoid assembly process, and coupling with electromagnetic analyses to study energization induced effects. The modelling is inherently complex due to nonlinearities arising from numerous contact interfaces, anisotropic material properties, plastic deformation, cryogenic operating conditions, and coupling with electromagnetic analyses. To address this, the 40T solenoid model is developed with multiple levels of detail, by using the modular nature of the 40T solenoid design (which consists of stacked multiple similar modules). A high detail superconducting winding model is employed to evaluate internal stresses for the module within the windings and to derive homogenized material properties. A single module, incorporating the homogenized winding representation, is then used to simulate radial pre-tensioning. These modules are subsequently assembled into a full solenoid model to assess structural behaviour during cooldown and energization.
Developed model enables analysis of stresses and deformations, for the evaluation of critical design and operational parameters within safety limits, one of the most critical being stresses and strains in ReBCO layers in the windings. The model reveals increased stresses in the ReBCO layers at the ends of the 40T solenoid and cumulative nature of stresses after module assembly.
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