Speaker
Description
The study of hypernuclei and their production mechanisms open new opportunities for nuclear/particle physics and astrophysics. The hyperons influence many nuclear properties in finite nuclei and in neutron stars (infinite nuclear matter). We review the main processes leading to the production of hypernuclei in nuclear reactions including relativistic ion collisions. Such deep-inelastic high-energy interactions do lead to fragmentation and multifragmentation of nuclear matter, and hyper-fragments can be abundantly produced [1,2]. The binding energies of hyperons influence the hypernuclei formation [3,4] and this gives a chance to evaluate experimentally the hyperon effects in nuclear matter. The promising process for such a hypernuclear research is a disintegration of large excited hyper-nuclear residues produced in peripheral relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions. In central collisions, there is another mechanism responsible for combining hyperons and other baryons into light clusters [5]: The primary nuclear clusters can be formed at the subnuclear densities from the dynamically produced baryons. These clusters are excited and their subsequent decay is able to explain all phenomena of the fragment production observed in central heavy-ion collisions. Our approach is able to describe the FOPI experimental data, in particular, nuclei yields, nuclei kinetic energies, and the modification of the nuclear isotope yields with increasing the beam energy. Previously, it was not reachable with other models. Also our mechanism can lead to the correlations of the produced nuclear species and to unstable hypernuclear states. We use the transport, coalescence and statistical models to describe the whole process, and demonstrate the important regularities of the hypernuclei formation and the advantages of such reactions over the traditional hypernuclear methods: A broad distribution of predicted hypernuclei in masses and isospin allows for investigating properties of exotic hypernuclei. We point at the abundant production of multi-strange nuclei that will give an access to multi-hyperon systems and strange nuclear matter. The realistic estimates of hypernuclei yields in various collisions are presented.
[1] A.S. Botvina, et al., Phys. Rev. C95, 014902 (2017).
[2] A.S. Botvina, et al., Phys. Rev. C94, 054615 (2016).
[3] N. Buyukcizmeci, et al., Phys. Rev. C98, 064603 (2018).
[4] N. Buyukcizmeci, et al., Eur. Phys. J. A56, 210 (2020).
[5] A.S. Botvina, et al., Phys. Rev. C103, 064602 (2021).
