Solar flares are the most powerful explosions in the solar system, and are widely accepted to result from release of stored magnetic energy through magnetic reconnection. Many aspects of flare physics remain poorly understood: in particular, the large numbers of high-energy electrons and ions, forming a non-thermal element of the energy distribution, which can be the predominant energy...
Metallic PFC melting events in contemporary machines as well as future reactors fall under a rather unique regime; (i). Due to the limited wetted area, the liquid pools are surrounded by progressively colder solid surfaces so that once the melt is accelerated out of the pool, under the action of plasma-induced forces, it promptly solidifies. This necessitates modelling of the full coupling...
