Perspectives on Quantum Sensing and Computation for Particle Physics

5 Jul 2021, 15:00 → 16 Jul 2021, 19:00 Europe/Zurich

Zoom Only (CERN)

Dorota Maria Grabowska (CERN), John March-Russell (University of Oxford (GB)), Karl Jansen (DESY), Matthew Philip Mccullough (CERN), Michael Doser (CERN), Simon Knapen (CERN), Sofia Vallecorsa (CERN), Stefano Carrazza (CERN)

The focal point of this two-week CERN TH Institute is the rapidly advancing field of quantum technology and, in particular, the role this technology plays in particle physics. The first week focuses on quantum sensing, covering both the theoretical and experimental landscape. The second week focuses on quantum computing, including development in simulation methods and algorithms, applications to both high and low energy particle physics and current hardware capabilities and limitations. The workshop will be held virtually, with two or three talks in the late afternoon and early evening, CET time. There will also be the possibility of continuing discussion in-between talks. 

Monday 5 July

16:20 → 16:30 Welcome

Speaker: Dorota Maria Grabowska (CERN)

CERN TH Institute Welcome.pdf

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 Quantum Sensing for Dark Matter and Gravitational Waves

Speaker: Peter Graham

CERN Quantum Sensing.pdf

Recording

18:00 → 19:00 Quantum Sensors for Particle Physics

Speaker: Sunil Golwala

210705GolwalaQuantumSensingIntroRev.pdf

Recording

Tuesday 6 July

15:00 → 16:00 Coherent-Field Dark Matter: Candidates and Search Methods

Speaker: Andreas Ringwald (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY)

quantum_sensing_particle_physics_ar.pdf

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 Searching for Dark States with Nonlinear Optics

Speaker: Roni Harnik (Fermilab)

Recording

18:00 → 19:00 Fundamental tests of Quantum Mechanics

Speaker: Angelo Bassi (Department of Physics - University of Trieste)

Recording

Talk_CERN.pdf

Wednesday 7 July

15:00 → 16:00 Quantum Metrology Assisted Experiments at the Antiproton Decelerator Facility of CERN

Speaker: Stefan Ulmer (RIKEN (JP))

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 Direct detection of light dark matter with quantum materials and sensors

Speaker: Tongyan Lin

Recording

18:00 → 19:00 Quantum sensitivity limits of nuclear magnetic resonance searches for axion-like dark matter

Speaker: Alex Sushkov (Boston University)

Recording

Thursday 8 July

15:00 → 16:00 Optimal metrology with variational quantum circuits on trapped ions: theory and experiment

Speakers: Christian Marciniak (University Innsbruck), Raphael Kaubruegger

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 The piezoaxionic effect

Speaker: Asimina Arvanitaki (PI - Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics (CA))

Recording

18:00 → 19:00 Navigating Quantum Systems to Detect Ultra-Cold Neutrinos from the Big Bang

Speaker: Chris Tully (Princeton University (US))

Recording

TullyPTOLEMYCERNPBC.pdf

TullyPTOLEMYCERNPBC.pptx

Friday 9 July

15:00 → 16:00 Atom Interferometry with MAGIS-100 and AION

Speaker: Jeremiah Mitchell (University of Cambridge)

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 Quantum sensors from the tabletop to the Universe

Speaker: Jonathan R. Ellis (University of London (GB))

Euro-AI.pdf

Recording

18:00 → 19:00 Particle Physics Circa 2021

Speaker: Savas Dimopoulos (Unknown)

Recording

Monday 12 July

14:50 → 15:00 Welcome

Speaker: Dorota Maria Grabowska (CERN)

CERN TH Institute Welcome.pdf

Recording

15:00 → 16:00 From Quantum Links to D-Theory: A Resource Efficient Framework for the Quantum Simulation of Gauge Theories

Quantum link models provide an extension of Wilson's lattice gauge theory in which the link variables have operator-valued entries. For example, in a U(1) quantum link model the link variables are raising and lowering operators of quantum spins that belong to a link-based SU(2) embedding algebra. For non-Abelian SU(N), Spin(N), or Sp(N) quantum link models, the embedding algebras are SU(2N), Spin(2N), and Sp(2N), respectively. In contrast to Wilson's framework, quantum link models can be realized in a finite-dimensional link Hilbert space corresponding to a representation of the embedding algebra. This is well suited for a resource efficient implementation of quantum link models in quantum simulation experiments. The quantum link dynamics can be embodied with a finite number of well-controlled states of ultra-cold matter, including atoms in an optical lattice, ions in a trap, or quantum circuits. For example, using dual variables, a densely encoded quantum circuit has recently been constructed for a (2+1)-d U(1) quantum link model on a triangular lattice that shows qualitatively new nematic phases with rich confining dynamics. Quantum spins and quantum links are discrete quantum variables which give rise to collective low-energy excitations. In (2+1)-d, SU(N) quantum spins give rise to massless Goldstone bosons which undergo dimensional reduction to (1+1)-d asymptotically free CP(N-1) models. This can be realized in quantum simulation experiments with alkaline-earth atoms in an optical lattice. In (3+1)-d, Abelian quantum links give rise to massless photons which undergo dimensional reduction to (2+1)-d confining U(1) gauge theory, which can be embodied with spin-ice. In (4+1)-d, non-Abelian quantum links give rise to massless gluons which undergo dimensional reduction to (3+1)-d Yang-Mills theory. Quarks are naturally included as domain wall fermions. The dimensional reduction of discrete quantum variables defines D-theory, in which quantum field theories emerge from a minimal set of degrees of freedom, thus enabling resource efficient implementations in quantum simulation experiments. D-theory provides a concrete vision how to realize the ultimate long-term goal of quantum simulating QCD.

Speaker: Uwe-Jens Wiese (Bern University)

CERN2021.pdf

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 Quantum simulation for nuclear physics

A vigorous program has formed in recent years in various physics disciplines to take advantage of near-term and future quantum-simulation and quantum-computing hardware to study complex quantum many-body systems, building upon the vision of Richard Feynman. Such activities have also started in nuclear physics, hoping to bring new and powerful experimental and computational tools to address a range of challenging problems in strongly interacting nuclear many-body systems. In this talk, I review a number of important developments, including proposals for simulating strongly interacting quantum field theories, and for quantum computations of hadron and nuclear structure. The hardware technologies that are expected to enable both the analog simulations and the digital quantum computations of these problems will be enumerated, and the case for hardware co-design in the upcoming years will be motivated.

Speaker: Zohreh Davoudi

NP-quantum-simulation-ZD.pdf

Recording

18:00 → 19:00 Measurement-based eigensolvers for problems in high energy physics

Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs) combine classical optimization with efficient cost function evaluations on quantum computers. We propose a new approach to VQEs using the principles of measurement-based quantum computation. This strategy uses entangled resource states and local measurements. We present two measurement-based VQE schemes. The first introduces a new approach for constructing variational families. The second provides a translation of circuit-based to measurement-based schemes. For each scheme, we provide an application in high energy physics, namely the Schwinger model and Z_2 lattice gauge theory.

Speaker: Luca Dellantonio

Recording

Tuesday 13 July

15:00 → 16:00 Dimensional Expressivity Analysis of Parametric Quantum Circuits

Parametric quantum circuits play a crucial role in the performance of many variational quantum algorithms. To successfully implement such algorithms, one must design efficient quantum circuits that sufficiently approximate the solution space while maintaining a low parameter count and circuit depth. In this talk, we present a method to analyze the dimensional expressivity of parametric quantum circuits. This technique allows for identifying superfluous parameters in the circuit layout and for obtaining a maximally expressive ansatz with a minimum number of parameters. Using a hybrid quantum-classical approach, we show how to efficiently implement the expressivity analysis using quantum hardware, and we provide a proof of principle demonstration of this procedure on IBM's quantum hardware. We also discuss the effect of symmetries and demonstrate how to incorporate or remove symmetries from the parametrized ansatz.

Speaker: Lena Funcke (Perimeter Institute)

DEA_CERN_Institute.pdf

DEA_CERN_Institute.pptx

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 High-energy physics at ultracold temperatures – quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories with cold atoms

Despite the importance of gauge theories for modern physics, solving their out-of-equilibrium dynamics on classical computers is extremely challenging. This difficulty is currently stimulating a worldwide effort to implement them in dedicated quantum simulators.

In this talk, I will discuss recent progress towards quantum simulation of gauge theories using ultracold atoms. I will show recent breakthroughs to overcome the main challenge, the realization of a dynamics that respects gauge symmetry. In particular, I will present a recent experiment based on engineering of suitable energy penalties in an optical lattice, which has realized a many-body gauge theory in a 71-site Hubbard model and has certified the fulfilment of Gauss’s law for the first time. Further, I will discuss recent progress in understanding gauge breaking errors in this and related models as well as possibilities to mitigate them.

I will also illustrate some of the fascinating physics attainable in quantum simulators of gauge theories even for simple target models and with realistic resources, such as dynamical topological quantum phase transitions. Finally, I will discuss the state of art and common issues of gauge quantum simulation, and thus aim at outlining a roadmap towards mature and practically relevant quantum simulation of gauge theories.

Speaker: Philipp Hauke

Recording

Wednesday 14 July

15:00 → 16:00 Cold atoms meet lattice gauge theory

The central idea of this review talk is to consider quantum field theory models relevant for particle physics and replace the fermionic matter in these models by a bosonic one. This is mostly motivated by the fact that bosons are more "accessible"' and easier to manipulate for experimentalists, but this "substitution'" also leads to new physics and novel phenomena. It allows us to gain new information about among other things confinement and the dynamics of the deconfinement transition. We will thus consider bosons in dynamical lattices corresponding to the bosonic Schwinger or Z2 Bose-Hubbard models. Another central idea of this review concerns atomic simulators of paradigmatic models of particle physics theory such as the Creutz-Hubbard ladder, or Gross-Neveu-Wilson and Wilson-Hubbard models. Finally, we will briefly describe our efforts to design experimentally friendly simulators of these and other models relevant for particle physics.

Speaker: Maciej Lewenstein

cern.pdf

cern.pptx

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 3D-integrated superconducting quantum circuits

Speaker: Peter Leek (University of Oxford)

Recording

Thursday 15 July

15:00 → 16:00 Application of Quantum Machine Learning to High Energy Physics Analysis at the LHC using Quantum Computer Simulators and Hardware

Speaker: Sau Lan Wu (University of Wisconsin Madison (US))

QuantHEP talk at CERN.pdf

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 Quantum Computing for High Energy Colliders

Speaker: Christian Walter Bauer (Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (US))

QC for Colliders.pdf

Recording

18:00 → 19:00 Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum algorithms

A universal fault-tolerant quantum computer that can solve efficiently problems such as integer factorization and unstructured database search requires millions of qubits with low error rates and long coherence times. While the experimental advancement towards realizing such devices will potentially take decades of research, noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers already exist. These computers are composed of hundreds of noisy qubits, i.e. qubits that are not error-corrected, and therefore perform imperfect operations in a limited coherence time. In the search for quantum advantage with these devices, algorithms have been proposed for applications in various disciplines spanning physics, machine learning, quantum chemistry and combinatorial optimization. The goal of such algorithms is to leverage the limited available resources to perform classically challenging tasks. In this talk, I provide an overview of NISQ algorithms, their limitations and potential advantages.

Speaker: Alba Cervera-Lierta

NISQ.pdf

Recording

Friday 16 July

15:00 → 16:00 Towards simulating 2D effects in lattice gauge theories on a quantum computer

Speaker: Christine Muschik (University of Waterloo)

Recording

16:30 → 17:30 Quantum Gravity in the Lab

Speaker: Adam Brown

forDMG.pdf

18:00 → 19:00 Thoughts about the Interface

Speaker: Martin Savage (Institute for Nuclear Theory)

Recording

Savage_CERN_QC_July2021_v1p2_pdf.pdf