Conveners
Eco-friendly mixtures for RPC detectors
- Paulo Fonte
The standard gas mixture for the Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC), composed of $\rm{C_{2}H_{2}F_{4}}$/i-$\rm{C_{4}H_{10}/SF_{6}}$, allows the detector operation in avalanche mode, as required by the high-luminosity collider experiments. The gas density, the low total charge delivered inside the gas and the comfortable avalanche-streamer separation guarantee high detection efficiency, rate...
Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) detectors are widely used at the CERN LHC
experiments as muon trigger thanks to their excellent time resolution. They are
operated with a gas mixture containing R-134a and SF6, both greenhouse gases
(GHG) with a very high global warming potential (GWP). The search of new
environmentally friendly gas mixtures is necessary to reduce GHG emissions
and costs as...
The need of reducing the emission of gases even potentially contributing to the greenhouse effect and climate change has impacted many fields, including scientific research. The Extreme Energy Event collaboration started, already several years ago, a series of tests devoted at finding the ideal replacement of the gases used in the Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers of its network, with other...
Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) are widely employed in Particle Physics and at CERN LHC Experiments thanks to their excellent time resolution and low cost. In most of the applications, RPCs are operated with a humidified gas mixture made of C2H2F4, SF6 and iC4H10. Unfortunately, C2H2F4 and SF6 are greenhouse gases (GHGs) with a global warming potential (GWP) of 1430 and 22800 respectively. The...
Resistive Plate Chamber detectors are largely used in current High Energy Physics experiments being typically operated in avalanche mode with large fractions of Tetrafluoroethane (C2H2F4), a gas recently banned by the European Union due to its high Global Warming Potential (GWP).
An intense R&D activity is ongoing to improve RPC technology in view of future HEP applications.
Since a few...
The use of R134a-based gas mixture containing SF$_6$ for operating RPC is not recommended owing to its high global warming potential (GWP). The effective GWP of the standard gas mixture of R134a (95.2%), i-C$_4$H$_{10}$ (4.5%) and SF$_6$ (0.3%) is about 1300 which is well beyond the permissible limit (less than 150) set in order to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This work presents...
In the framework of the well-known improved rate capability and time resolution of Resistive Plate Chamber type detectors with thinner gap sizes, it has been carrying out the performance characterization of a new RPC prototype with 1mm gas gap thickness. The RPC prototype, with a single gap configuration, was tested in the GIF++ facility at CERN under a muon beam with a momentum range from 10...
