Speaker
Description
This study is the first investigation of the intricate phenomenon of shape coexistence in atomic nuclei, particularly within ultra-relativistic ion collisions. Recent findings challenge the traditional view of nuclei as fixed configurations, revealing that nuclear deformation—characterized by shape parameters $\beta$ and $\gamma$—can lead to multiple configurations. We distinguish between three scenarios: type A, where two distinct separate shapes correspond to specific states, and type B, where differently deformed shapes mix into a given state, and other extreme cases (EC) where the potential well is low such that we cannot distinguish between type A and B. Utilizing a two-state mixing model and observables such as electric quadrupole $B(E2)$ and monopole $\rho(E0)$ transitions, we analyze the relationship between low- and high-energy nuclear structure transitions. For this means, we use a mixture distribution highlighting the role of shape coexistence in nuclear dynamics. We show that shape coexistence observables are a linear combination of canonical observables $\alpha_i\mathcal{O}(\beta_2^{(i)})$, with $\alpha_i$ being the different state level possibilities measured by two mixing model. We find that the mixing interaction of bound states leads to an enhancement in the observables such that $\mathcal{O}_{A}<\mathcal{O}_{EC}<\mathcal{O}_{B}$. Furthermore, we show that the shape fluctuation is a spacial case where we either have only one minimum or a maximally mixing of bound states. Consequently, this work enhances our understanding of nuclear structure and its evolution across energy regimes, providing a coherent framework for interpreting experimental results in high-energy nuclear physics.
| Category | Theory |
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