Geant4 allows to use the information available in ENDF-6 format data libraries for the transport of low energy neutrons and charged particles (up to 20 MeV). This is done by the so called G4ParticleHP model (previously G4NeutronHP). We will show the performance of the model, showing its capabilities and limitations. We will also talk about how to use it and about which simulations can be done...
High and intermediate energy hadronic models should have a sub-model for simulation of nuclear de-excitation processes. In Geant4 there is a general pre-compound model and a general de-excitation module, which are used by many hadronic models. These models were recently modified and improved. Different aspects of these models are discussed and new validation results are presented.
Despite of its large use, the models implemented in Geant4 have shown severe limitations in reproducing the measured secondary yields in ions interaction below 100 MeV/n, in term of production rates, angular and energy distributions.
For this reason, we coupled BLOB (Boltzmann-Langevin One Body), a models dedicated to simulate such interactions, with Geant4 and its de-excitation phase.
BLOB...
The Glauber-Gribov approach (corrections for both elastic and inelastic nucleon screening) is considered for the description of light nucleus-nucleus cross-sections. It was found that electromagnetic nucleus radii are result in better description of measurements. The calculations are compared with experimental data for the reaction cross-sections
Fission in Geant4 is currently simulated as both a separate process and as a de-excitation model in other inelastic processes. Several different models exist, each with different interfaces and functionalities. This has led to confusion about which models are used and what they do, and to the possibility of users double counting fission by incorrect assignment in physics lists. The...
The status of the Geant4 electromagnetic physics sub-libraries is presented. Current developments of electromagnetic physics is focused on implementation of next to leading terms of various electromagnetic processes including multiple and single scattering, gamma conversion, positron annihilation. Atomic de-excitation module is use in several electromagnetic models and in radioactive decay....
Precise experimental knowledge on a wide variety of observables is a key ingredient for improving our understanding of nuclear structure. As a result, each new generation of accelerator facilities produces larger amounts of data than the previous generation in order to improve the precision of the measurements. Hence, more advanced analysis tools are required to deal with these large amounts...
In order to fully explore the particle identification and measurement capability of the telescopes built from two or more silicon strip detectors, one has to calculate all the dead layers of the detectors as well as the calibration coefficients for each channel. The most reliable way of solving this problem is to combine various measurements with calibration sources and detailed Monte Carlo...
Crystals have an internally ordered structure resulting in anisotropy of electromagnetic interaction of charged particles with crystals. When particles move along crystal axes or planes, they can oscillate in their electric field.
For ultra-relativistic particles, i.e. ten or hundred GeV electrons and positrons the electric field of axes or planes is comparable to the Schwinger critical field...
ABSTRACT
The Monte Carlo method is used to calculate the photon detection efficiency of scintillator detectors exposed to gamma rays in the energy range of 59.5 KeV to 1274.54 KeV. This work aims at calculating the response functions for two scintillation detectors CsI(Tl) and LYSO(Ce) (Lu1.9Y0.1SiO5:Ce0.5%) of size 10x10x5 mm3, to gamma-ray sources up to 1274.54 keV. Both detectors were...
Originating from high-energy and nuclear-physics domains, Geant4 is being adopted with increasing interest in the medical physics community, where it continues to gain significant momentum. Of particular interest to the medical physicists is its completeness, with a physics engine that covers the hadronic and nuclear interactions, of particular interest for novel ideas and techniques in the...
Intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) is an advanced form of radiation therapy in which the trajectory and energy of a focused beam of protons is precisely controlled so as to irradiate a tumor spot-by-spot and layer-by-layer with proton beamlets [1,2]. While the radiobiological effects of IMPT depend primarily on the physical dose distribution, studies have shown that linear energy...
Proton beams used in radiotherapy treatments can reach energies up to 250 MeV for deep-seated tumours. However, the existing cross section models included in Geant4-DNA [1,2] cover up to 100 MeV only. The goal of this work is to extend the current applicability range of Geant4-DNA for proton transport in liquid water up to, at least, 250 MeV.
Due to the energy range considered, the...
In this presentation, we will overview the scoring functionality of Geant4 simulation toolkit that allows users to score various physics quantities such as flux or dose distribution without writing much of C++ code. This functionality is of particular benefit for shielding or radiation protection studies where no particular detector has to be simulated. We will also briefly introduce Geant4’s...
There is a class of simulation problems for which the events of interest are rare. The shielding problem -with very few particles exiting the shield, where the dose estimates are to be made-, the very thin detector case -with very few particles interacting in it- or the dose estimate in an electronic chip inside a satellite -because of the tiny volume of the chip compared to the large...
Content
The interaction physics and the transport algorithm of the electron-photon Monte Carlo code system PENELOPE have been introduced as an option in the Geant4 toolkit. PENELOPE implements a strict class II (mixed) algorithm for the simulation of electrons and positrons in matter. The algorithm is defined by cutoff values of the energy loss for inelastic interactions and bremsstrahlung...
A rich photo-fission program is proposed at the new Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) facility in Magurele-Bucharest, Romania. It is based on the highest brilliance gamma beam system (GBS) that will be available at ELI-NP with energies up to 20 MeV.
In one type of experiments, radioactive ion beams (RIBs), formed from the fission fragments produced by...
INCL (Liège Intranuclear Cascade) is an intranuclear cascade model, a first step for modeling spallation reactions. It is usually combined with the de-excitation code Abla to simulate the entire reaction.
We will quickly present how this model developed during the last three decades. We will also show how its present high reliability has been achieved, how it has been extended toward the low...
The Doppler-Shift Attenuation Method (DSAM) and the Recoil-Distance Method (RDM) are
powerful tools to measure nuclear level lifetimes in the (sub) pico-second range which are used to
determine model-independent transition strengths.
With respect to the common analysis of DSAM experiments, one can distinguish between
analytical approaches and tools using Monte-Carlo methods. The latter...
The calculation of the neutrons produced in (alpha,xn) reactions in a certain material require the calculation of the alpha-tracks, the cross sections of the neutron production reactions involved and the energy distributions of the secondary neutron energy distributions.
All these ingredients are present in Geant4, namely the slowing down of the alpha particles (EM physics), the neutron...
Understanding and predicting the dynamic behaviour of nuclear reactors is of paramount importance for reactor safety. This time-dependent behaviour is primarily driven by the emission of beta-delayed neutrons and photoneutrons following the decay of neutron-rich fission products. It is the production of these delayed neutrons which allows for a system-dependent “sluggishness” during power...
Acceletator driven system (ADS) is simulated by the Geant4 tools - the mass layered geometry and scoring. The ADS target was simulated with different geometries of cooling layers. The neutron output spectra as well as energy deposition profiles are shown. The ADS power (and other parameters) dependence on driver thickness are shown. The medical isotope production is simulated in the batch mode...
The ExpertRoot framework supports all the stages of the lifecycle of an experiment:
planning and feasibility studies, detailed simulations of the detector response and digitization, particle identification (PID)
and reconstruction, reconstruction of entire events.
The interaction with GEANT4 classes is implemented via VMC.
Thoroughly control over the production of secondaries, tuning of...
A very brilliant gamma beam system with pencil-size beamspot will be installed at the Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), which is one of the pillars of the ELI Project. Monte Carlo simulations are crucial for the proper implementation of the instruments that will be used for experiments and for external users who come to perform experiments at the facility. For this...
In the last few decades, the development of aircraft with higher maximum cruising altitude and greater autonomy, as well as a significant increase of air traffic, has increased the problem of controlling the ionizing radiation dose level received by pilots, aircrew and aircraft electronics, and has begun to worry radioprotection and flight safety organizations. The study of the effects of...
Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are a key tool to study the fundamental features of a neutron beam, such as the neutron flux or the γ-ray background, in the design and optimization of experimental facilities. Traditionally, the most widely used MC codes in this field had been MCNPX and FLUKA. However, the Geant4 toolkit has also become a competitive code for the transport of neutrons after the...
A study has been carried out in order to see the feasibility of Nanodiamond Particles (NDP) application as a reflector for Cold Neutrons (CN), Very Cold Neutrons (VCN) and Ultra Cold Neutrons (UCN) in Geant4. NDP has a large scattering angle probability against VCN and UCN compared to the other materials due to their high optical potential. This unique feature makes this powder a prominent...
The study of environmental radiation is a challenging task. It is well known that natural gamma radiation may vary depending on the altitude, type of soil, building materials and even human presence. All these variables and uncertainties make it difficult to foresee the background radiation present at a specific region beforehand. In order to better understand the contributions of each...
Depth profiling and morphological characterization of thin film is of critical importance to a wide variety of modern technologies. Back scattering spectroscopy using MeV ion beams is considered as a powerful method for depth profiling elements in the near surface layer of solids. Generally, this technique is a one-dimensional method and the roughness and inhomogeneity of the target often is...
Geant4 uses the so called G4ParticleHP package to model the low energy neutron and charged particle interactions according to the information available in ENDF-6 format data libraries. In these libraries the photon production is presented in some cases in an uncorrelated way, for example for neutron capture reactions. Thus, this information can not be used to produce the secondary...
We will present a new event generator created for the calculation of the response functions of total absorption spectrometers used in the study of complex beta decays. The development is based on an extension of the Radioactive Decay package. In the even generator, the level scheme of the decay of interest is divided in two regions: one region in which the original information from high...
Low-background experiments searching for dark matter, neutrinos and other rare processes heavily rely on GEANT4 in order to calibrate the detector responses, estimate the background rate and topology, predict the expected signals. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations are extensively used in order to optimize the design of new experiments. The physics involved includes low-energy hadronic...
Many experiments operate detectors that are susceptible to fast neutron-induced backgrounds [1]. To decrease these backgrounds many collaborations, including the nuclear astrophysics community, operate their experiments in deep underground laboratories. But even in such low background environments it is critical to accurately know the environmental neutron flux.
One way to measure this is the...
The SABRE experiment (Sodium-iodide with Active Background REjection) will search for dark matter through the annual modulation in the rate of ultra-pure NaI(Tl) crystals. Dark matter signal is expected to modulate yearly because of the rotation of Earth around Sun, and thus the change of the relative velocity of the detector with respect to the dark matter halo.
The first phase of the...
2019 is the 20th year anniversary of Geant4 public releases. After 20 years with several architectural evolutions, Geant4 is still steadily evolving. It finds quite a wide variety of user domains including high energy physics, nuclear physics, space engineering, medical applications, material science, radiation protection and security. In this presentation, we will present the current status...
CEO of the Artenum company.
Please see the following links for further information:
www.artenum.com
www.space-suite.eu
During the last few years, Monte Carlo simulation is considered to be the gold standard method for radiation dose calculations. Thanks to the accuracy and the flexibility that it supplies, MC method is the most used for dose prediction in external radiation therapy. This work aims to set up a full geometrical model of an 18 MV Varian Clinac 2100C medical linear accelerator in photon mode,...
