Speaker
Francesco Cerutti
(CERN)
Description
The various beam loss mechanisms acting as radiation sources in hadron and ion accelerators are reviewed. They originate secondary particle cascades, whose amplitude depends on the primary particle energy and nature, spanning low-energy beam absorption within the material surface layers and combined hadronic and electromagnetic shower development over hundreds of metres of machine elements.
The involved physical processes are discussed at microscopic level and the relevant macroscopic quantities that are used to quantify the radiation effects are defined. Examples of characteristic radiation fields are illustrated, as a function of the distance from the beam loss location.
