Conveners
C1Or3B: Large Scale Refrigeration / Liquefaction I
- Michael White (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory)
- Benjamin Hansen (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory)
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has upgraded to LCLS-II, featuring a 4 GeV superconducting accelerator composed of 37 cryomodules and two large helium refrigeration systems with a cooling capacity of 4 kW at 2.0 K. The cryogenic system at SLAC is the successful outcome of a seven-year partnership between SLAC, FERMI Lab, and Jefferson Lab. This paper highlights the joint efforts between...
End station refrigerator 2 cryoplant is needed to provide cryogens to three of the four experimental halls to support 12 GeV experimental demand and in particular to the near-future MOLLER experiment at Jefferson Lab. End station refrigerator 2 cryoplant consists of 4.0 kW at 4.5 Kelvin cold box and two-stage compressor systems, which are received from the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC)...
In 2019, Linde received the order to deliver a large 4.5K helium refrigeration system for the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany. The particle accelerator for heavy ions (SIS100), a fragment separator (Super-FRS) and several experiments are operated using superconducting magnets, all cooled with helium supplied from one central cryoplant.
Due to the...
MYRRHA (Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications) will be the world's first research reactor powered by a particle accelerator. MYRRHA will be composed of a 600 MeV LINAC accelerator with a large number of cryomodules and a 100 MW thermal power subcritical nuclear reactor cooled by lead-bismuth.
The MINERVA project is the first phase of the MYRRHA project. It...
With the development and application of cryogenic science, cold energy storage (CES) has widespread applications in industry. Solid-phase packed bed is a promising medium for CES due to its simple structure, low cost, and low risk of flammability and explosion. However, most of the previous studies have primarily focused on the sensible heat storage characteristics of single-phase flow inside...
Mixed-refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigeration (MJTR) is the primary cooling method for the temperature range from 80 to 230 K. It can be used in cryosurgery, high temperature superconductivity and sensor cooling. However, most of the studies are on nitrogen-hydrocarbon refrigerants, which are not allowed in applications where there is a special need for flammability. Therefore, non-flammable...
In a Linde-Hampson cycle, the working fluid usually produces a throttling effect in the expansion element. However, when a mini-channel heat exchanger is applied to the cycle, the high-pressure flow can also generate a throttling effect in the narrow channels, known as the distributed J-T effect. The distributed J-T effect (or distributed pressure drop) is usually considered to have a negative...
