Conveners
Wed-Po-2.4: Instrumentation & Process Control
- Takanobu Kiss
Numerous studies are currently being carried out on a global scale to develop advanced technological solutions for Single Stage To Orbit (SSTO) and hypersonic flights. These technologies are highly demanding and challenging due to the technical requirements involved especially the design of the propulsion system for the spacecraft and aircraft. Synergetic engine, which uses Rocket Based...
Superconducting cavity is the key equipment of the superconducting accelerator, which provides higher acceleration voltage and higher frequency power per unit length, and saves equipment space. Superconducting cavities need to be gradually cooled from ambient temperature (300K) to the superconducting temperature (4.2K or below) during the test and operation. The temperature difference on the...
Mass flow rate is a critical measurement parameter when designing cryogenic hydrogen fluid systems. It is vitally important not only in custody transfer applications for calculating financial obligations but also in fundamental heat transfer research and fluid system design applications to optimize chill down performance, maintain thermal equilibriums, and provide feedback control for pumps...
The Cryomodules are critical components in the European Spallation Source (ESS) accelerator, playing a crucial role in connecting spoke cavities to high-beta elliptical cavities in the SRF Linac. These Cryomodules provide the necessary environment for operating, Spoke (Spk) cavities, Medium-Beta (MBL) and High-Beta (HBL) elliptical cavities, which are responsible for accelerating protons from...
Cryogenic liquid level sensors play a vital role in industries handling ultra-low temperature cryogens, including medical, aerospace, and energy sectors. Monitoring levels within cryogenic storage tanks is critical to prevent issues such as pressure buildup from overfilling, insufficient supply from underfilling, and temperature fluctuations. Depending on the precision required, level...
One of the major components parts of the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) international accelerator facility currently being built at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt, Germany, will be the Heavy-Ion-Synchrotron SIS100. This machine will consist of 6 sectors housing few hundreds of superconducting magnets made of Nuclotron type cable, which is cooled...
When a cryogenic cooling system is implemented, humidity control of the facility space is very important, and the input of latent heat energy due to condensation sometimes adversely affects the performance of the cryogenic freezer. The adsorbent-based dehumidification system to be developed in this study has the advantage of improving the cooling efficiency of the cryogenic freezer by...
The RAON heavy ion accelerator is a facility for finding rare isotopes through IF and ISOL and consists of a superconducting accelerator (SCL) and an experiment facility using accelerated beams. For the integration of various devices comprised of large scientific facilities, the RAON control system integrates distributed control systems using EPICS. A cryogenic system has been built for the...
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is one of the largest science and technology infrastructure project being built in Sweden. Protons at 2 GeV (with a normal current of 62.5 mA) are delivered by a superconducting linear proton accelerator and are injected onto a rotating tungsten target at a pulsed repetition rate of 14 Hz. Neutrons via spallation reaction are moderated to cold and thermal...
Previous studies performed for the JT-60SA TF Coils, have shown an important influence of the AC losses energy deposition, heat transfer from case to Winding Pack and cooling capacities, on the general current discharge behavior, in particular the helium pressure and temperature increase in the cooling loop.
Some parametric studies have been performed with the Fast Assessment of Operating...
In transfer stations for liquid helium, single-flow transfer lines are often used to transfer the liquid into a smaller mobile dewar. During this process, a considerable amount of the liquid evaporates due to heat leak and especially pressure losses in the transfer line. Regardless of the liquefier’s efficiency, this evaporation loss contributes to a significantly higher running time of the...
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has been operating the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) for over 20 years. Superconducting magnet operations on RHIC rely on the stable operations of the Cryogenic Control System (CCS) to process and circulate 48,000 gallons of 4K helium supporting RHIC’s superconducting magnets. Over the years of RHIC operations, several subsystems requiring...
CERN cryogenic facilities have an extremely large quantity of temperature measurement points, most of them are performed by using non-removable sensors installed either in the fluid or in the insulation vacuum side of reservoirs or pipes; the mounting of these sensors, is standardized in most of CERN equipment and provide very reliable results.
On the other hand, insertion thermometry is...
In the accelerator cryogenic system, various sensors and instruments are used to measure important parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, liquid level, and heating power. These sensors and instruments are installed in valve boxes, pipelines, gas storage tanks, and accelerator modules. The data measured by these sensors and instruments is collected through PLC (Programmable Logic...
A flexible liquid helium level gauge has been developed to compensate lack of commercial availability to procure replacement level gauges for the LHC 1.8 K refrigeration unit cold box requiring an active measurement length of about 1 m. The main difficulty for manufacturing the level gauges is related to the insertion capillary requiring an overall length ranging from 1.75 m to 4.30 m. The...
ABSTRACT- Oral Presentation
Modern Cryogenic Valves – design Considerations with focus on liquified Hydrogen and Helium
Leire Colomo, Ander Gabirondo 1)
1) AMPO Poyam Valves, ES- 20213 Idiazabal, Gipuzkoa, Spain
Cryogenics with the gases like helium, hydrogen and sometimes also with neon, nitrogen, or air gain today more attraction as enablers for new green technologies in the...
The LHC (Large Hadron Collider) upgrade (HL-LHC) at CERN, requires the procurement of 0-60 mbar absolute pressure sensors with an absolute accuracy of +/- 0.3 mbar and a radiation Total Integrated Dose (TID) that may reach 100 kGy. Unfortunately, commercial sensors with embedded electronics cannot be used due to the effort required for qualifying electronics for radiation environments. Such a...
The paper focuses on the qualification process employed to ensure the precision and reliability of radiation tolerant pressure sensors, originally developed to operate within the temperature range of -40°C to +125°C, in superfluid Helium for CERN cryogenic installations.
The initial stage of the qualification protocols took place at the CERN CryoLab facility. The qualification methodology...
The helium isotope separation system based on cryogenic distillation represents a pivotal part in the purification of helium-3 (3He). In this study, we designed and simulated a cryogenic distillation column using the tridiagonal matrix algorithm. The liquid holdup and pressure drop for each theoretical stage were modeled using a general packed column model, with predictions based on known...
Thermo-acoustic oscillations (Taconis oscillations) are the characteristic phenomenon for the cryogenic systems, where one end of the pipe is in continuous contact with the extremely cold process fluid and the second end of the pipe is directly exposed to the warm ambient temperature. As warmer fluid has the smaller density and therefore arises, the warm end is normally placed at the top and...
The adsorption isotherms of helium on two kinds of activated carbon in the temperature-pressure range (4.5-77 K, 0.1 -1.0 MPa) have been measured with a cryogenic adsorption device. Most of the existing studies primarily focused on cryopumping or law pressure gas removal processes with very limited research specifically targeting helium isotope separation. Furthermore, all have used liquid...
Cryocooler-based conduction cooling has gained traction in replacing liquid He baths for cooling in applications such as superconducting radiofrequency cavities owing to their compact design and simplified construction. Conduction cooling near room temperature is also being explored for dissipating heat from electronic chips. One of the primary governing factors in conduction cooling is...
Hundreds of 650 MHz superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities with ultrahigh intrinsic quality factor (Q0) and accelerating gradient (Eacc) will be adopted for CEPC, which are obtained during vertical test at 2.0 K. In order to meet the demand for low-temperature testing of materials and bulk testing of SRF cavities, the vertical test stand of Platform of Advanced Photon Source ( PAPS)...
