Conveners
C1Or2A - Applications: Safety and Instrumentation
- Sergiy Putselyk (FHR)
- Ziemowit Malecha (Wroclaw University of Technology)
High energy physics research facilities require a vast cryogenic infrastructure to cool superconducting magnets, superconducting RF cavities, and other components to their necessary operational temperatures. The temperature sensors used to monitor this infrastructure are invariably exposed to leakage radiation in varying doses depending upon their location. Compared to many other cryogenic...
Vacuum is the primary method for a thermal insulation of cold elements in cryogenic systems, tanks and other cryogenic equipment. A dangerous situation arise in the case of vacuum envelope failure when a 300 K air enters the vacuum and the cold elements of cryogenics equipment are exposed to a potentially intense heat fluxes and air velocity. Depending on a mass flow of the air (equivalent to...
Respiratory Protective Devices such as a self-contained breathing apparatus or a hose supplied breathing apparatus connected to a stationary source, are used by first responders during an emergency. The most common means to store air is in high pressure gas cylinders up to 7,500psi. NIOSH conducted research in conjunction with NASA to employ cryogenics as a more efficient, safer way of storing...
The International Society for Sample Environment (sampleenvironment.org) has developed a device-communication protocol for shared pools of portable and interchangeable laboratory equipment, including temperature, pressure, and magnetic field systems. The Sample Environment Communication Protocol (SECoP) uses self-describing metadata to enable plug-and-play connection of a wide range of devices...
In the last decades, several laboratories, like CERN, DESY, CEBAF, constructed the accelerators with large number of superconducting (sc) cavities or magnets operating at 2 or 4K temperature levels. Other accelerators, e.g. at GSI/FAIR, SLAC, MSU, ESS are under construction. Typically, the operation of sc cavity requires narrower ranges of pressure variation than ones of sc magnets. For large...
The Laboratory SBT has studied Fundamental Turbulence at High Reynolds Number for many years. Indeed, low temperature Helium has such a low viscosity, that very high values of the so-called Reynolds number Re≡UL/υ can be reached (U: velocity, L: characteristic scale of the flow, υ kinematic viscosity). These values allow to compare experiments with existing phenomenological descriptions of...
The dimensioning of pressure relief devices (PRD) for cryogenic pressure equipment requires knowledge on the heat input at the maximum credible incident. In helium cryostats, this situation is typically defined by the loss of insulating vacuum (LIV), where the heat load is induced by desublimation and condensation of atmospheric air on the cryogenic surface. This surface is often covered with...
As compared to cryogenic storage vessels, helium cryostats include active components such as superconducting devices, heaters, pumps and control valves, which strongly influence the risk of excessive pressure. The European Standard "Helium cryostats – protection against excessive pressure" is therefore being developed by the working group CEN/TC 268/WG6, dealing with specific helium technology...
