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Vittorio Parma (CERN)22/07/2024, 13:00
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Ignacio Aviles Santillana (CERN)22/07/2024, 13:00
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Torsten Koettig (CERN)22/07/2024, 15:15
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Herman ten Kate (University of Twente / CERN)22/07/2024, 15:15
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Jose Miguel Jimenez (CERN)23/07/2024, 08:50
The European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) has set new objectives for the future options of accelerators in view of Precision Physics or Frontier’s Discovery machines. All these accelerators imply large scales of technological breakthroughs which performances may be reconsidered in view of the strategic weight of the sustainability and environmental objectives.
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Operating accelerator’s... -
Carmine Senatore (UNIGE)23/07/2024, 09:45
This presentation aims to provide a comprehensive overview of advancements and future directions in superconductor technology, specifically focusing on high field applications. The Low Temperature Superconductors (LTS) Nb-Ti and Nb3Sn continue to dominate the market, with a large demand driven by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and large-scale...
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Aiswarya Kethamkuzhi23/07/2024, 11:00ICMC 06: Flux-pinning, Magnetization and AC losses modelling and experimentsRegular Oral (15m)
High temperature superconductors (HTS) are one of the most ambitious achievements since the discovery of superconductivity and they have the potential to revolutionize large-scale applications in the form of coated conductors (CC). $REBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$ (REBCO, RE = Rare Earth) coated conductors which belong to the class of HTS called cuprates are one of the highly studied materials due to...
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Haizheng Dang (State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciencess)23/07/2024, 11:00
This paper presents a review of the recent development of a variety of high-performance cryocoolers developed in the author’s laboratory with the operating temperatures ranging from 120 K down to 5 mK. Above 1.0 K, the refrigeration cycles involves both regenerative and recuperative cycles, and the hybrid cycle composed by the former two as well. For the regenerative cycle, the study is...
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Laurent Delprat (CERN)23/07/2024, 11:00
Capitalising on the cryogenic operation experience of the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) at CERN and thanks to the promising results of the R&D efforts, the first phase of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study presents in its Conceptual Design Report (CDR) published in January 2019 a clear route to a post-LHC machine, expected to be housed in a new 91km circumference underground tunnel....
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Kongkuai Ying (shanghai institute of technical physics Chinese academy of sciences)23/07/2024, 11:15
With advancements in space exploration and condensed matter physics, the demand for ultra-low temperature (mK) technology is on the rise. Sorption coolers, known for their extended service life, absence of moving parts, low vibration, high reliability, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, stand out as a crucial refrigeration technology for the future. In this study, we successfully...
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Tetiana Prikhna23/07/2024, 11:15ICMC 05: Thin films, multilayers, electronics, materials, processing and propertiesRegular Oral (15m)
REBCO (Re=Y, Eu, Gd) coated conductors (CC) based on biaxially textured, thick and homogeneous nanoengineered multilayer structures opened up new application opportunities, such as dissipation-free energy transmission in superconducting grids, highly efficient engines for electrical aviation or compact fusion reactors beyond ITER. However, current carrying capacities of CC could be further...
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Weronika Gluchowska (CERN)23/07/2024, 11:30
The cooling of large superconducting detector magnets used in high-energy physics relies on a continuous supply of liquid cryogen that is provided by large and complex cryogenic plants. An alternative to this is the development of cooling systems based on the use of cryocoolers. Such a solution can be employed to cool a superconducting magnet itself or to intercept heat from other components...
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Eric Fauve (STANFORD)23/07/2024, 11:30
The LCLS-II, an advanced X-Ray light source operated by Stanford University at SLAC for the US Department of Energy (DOE), operates with 37 cryomodules and a 700-meter linear accelerator (Linac) linked to two Cryoplant units, each capable of generating over 4.0 kW at 2.0 K. Commissioned in 2023, the LCLS-II Cryoplant is managed by the SLAC Cryogenic Division. This paper presents a...
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Ruslan Popov (Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)23/07/2024, 11:30ICMC 05: Thin films, multilayers, electronics, materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Within the last decades, researchers from all over the world have been demonstrating the fascinating abilities of RE Ba2Cu3O7-δ (Rare Earth=RE) coated conductors (CC) to improve our day-to-day lives. However, among all large-scale applications, the prospect of acquiring energy from fusion power plants may well be the most breath-taking one. The main...
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Vera Smolyaninova (Towson University)23/07/2024, 11:45ICMC 05: Thin films, multilayers, electronics, materials, processing and propertiesRegular Oral (15m)
The electronic transport and optical properties of high quality multilayers of NbTiN/AlN with ultrathin NbTiN layers were characterized. The anisotropy of the dielectric function of the multilayers confirmed their hyperbolic metamaterial properties. The superconductive transition temperature, Tc, of these engineered superconductors was enhanced up to 32% compared to the Tc of a single...
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Akanksha Apte (SLAC)23/07/2024, 11:45
In 2023, SLAC commissioned a continuous-wave superconducting linear accelerator (CW SCRF Linac) to bolster its new Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS-II). The Linac comprises of 37 cryomodules operating at 2.0 K. Achieving the 2.0 K temperature in the Linac involves reducing the liquid helium saturation pressure to 31 mbar using a series of centrifugal compressors, commonly referred to as cold...
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Lydia Shen23/07/2024, 11:45
Numerical modeling plays an important role in developing new or improving existing cryocoolers. It enhances design optimization and performance evaluation through the study of physical parameters that are usually impractical to measure. In the current cryogenics industry, cryocooler modeling is primarily conducted using 1D tools, such as Regen 3.3 and Sage. However, there are only a few works...
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Sheng Xu (Tongji University)23/07/2024, 12:00
The pulse tube refrigerator, lacking moving components at low temperatures, has the advantages of high reliability, long operational lifespan, low cost, and ease of fabrication, and is widely used in refrigeration medical, semiconductor processing, aerospace and other fields. The improvement of pulse tube refrigerator mainly comes from the improvement of phase shifter. In traditional pulse...
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Swapnil Shrishrimal (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)23/07/2024, 12:00
The upgrade of the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory's Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) to LCLS-II marks a significant advancement in accelerator technology, incorporating a superconducting linear accelerator enhanced by 37 cryomodules segmented into two LINAC sections. This configuration, with 17 cryomodules upstream and 20 downstream, is uniquely supported by one of two helium...
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Pablo Cayado Llosa23/07/2024, 12:00ICMC 02: Re BCO/BSCCO/IBS materials and wires processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
A robust technology for producing superconducting joints between Coated Conductors (CCs) is crucial for those applications in which closed-loops coils working in persistent current mode are required, such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The preparation of these joints involves applying both temperature and a transverse compressive load simultaneously to produce the bonding of two adjacent...
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Carl Bunge (MIT)23/07/2024, 12:15ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsRegular Oral (15m)
This paper presents 100 K cooling performance of a Modified Collins cycle cryocooler designed for in-space cooling applications. Descriptions of this lightweight, high efficiency, and power dense cryocooler design are included. Experimental results are shown of a single-stage floating piston design with active control designed to provide 100 W of cooling at temperatures of 100 K. Maintenance...
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Vanessa Gahier (CERN)23/07/2024, 12:15
The High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN is a major upgrade project of the LHC accelerator, which should allow increasing the peak luminosity by at least a factor of five beyond LHC’s design value. This upgrade will include the replacement of the final focusing superconducting magnets and the implementation of superconducting radiofrequency crab cavities in the...
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Simin Huang23/07/2024, 12:15
The refinement of RE2BaCuO5 (RE211) particles is a matter of significant importance in fabricating high-performance REBa2Cu3O7- (RE123) superconductor bulks by top-seeded melt growth (TSMG). However, RE211 coarsening and RE123 peritectic decomposition naturally promote a continuous growth of the pre-existing RE211 during the heating up to the maximum processing temperature (Tmax), causing an...
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Patricia Jovicevic-Klug (Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung)23/07/2024, 12:30
Improving known materials and exploring new alternatives for applications in challenging energy environments, such as fusion, has been a priority in recent years in material science. A unique combination of corrosion resistance, toughness, strength, machinability, and wear resistance is required for materials used in energy sector applications. In recent years, a process called cryogenic...
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Xiaoqin Zhi (Zhejiang University)23/07/2024, 12:30
A miniature Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler was designed and manufactured. The performance test was carried out with a linear compressor with a piston diameter of 11 mm. The weight of the whole machine was about 1.2 kg. In this study, we utilized SAGE to investigate the impact of parameters such as frequency, transfer line length, and inertance tube length on the refrigeration performance....
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311. Process design and control strategies of the two large 1.9K Helium refrigeration plants at CERNEriks Arajs (Linde Kryotechnik AG)23/07/2024, 12:30
In 2022, Linde received the order to deliver two large helium refrigeration systems operating at 4.5 K and 1.9 K for the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland. The two identical plants will be installed at opposing points along the circumference of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). They will facilitate the peak luminosity by a factor of five beyond the LHC’s...
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Pavol Kovac (Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 12:45
The helium bath cooling becomes more and more expensive and limited and therefore cooling alternatives e.g. conduction cooling or other cryogens have to be used. In the past years, liquid hydrogen or sub-cooled solid nitrogen (at ~ 20 K) were used for superconducting devices. But, liquid H2 needs a special safety conditions and solid N2 may sublimate easily and lost the cooling efficiency....
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Holger Neumann (Karlsruhe Instititute of Technology, Institute for Technical Physics; Cryogenics)23/07/2024, 12:45
Actively cooled shields are used primarily in the temperature range at or below 20 K (e.g. LH2 or LHe) so that the heat load to these low temperatures is as small as possible. This is due to the high energy required to generate such low temperatures and the relatively low latent heat of the corresponding cryogens. Liquid nitrogen (LN2) with a boiling temperature of 77 K at 1 bar is very often...
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Olivier Pirotte (CERN)23/07/2024, 12:45
The CMS and ATLAS experiments and their superconducting magnetic and calorimetric systems, installed in the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) at CERN, have both been equipped with cryogenic installations. The CMS experiment is making use of a large superconducting solenoid magnet, while the ATLAS experiment combines a large superconducting toroid magnetic system, a superconducting solenoid and three...
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Qianxi Qu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Distillation, adsorption, and thermal diffusion are commonly employed methods for separating helium-3 and helium-4 isotopes. However, due to the exceptionally low concentration of helium-3 present in natural gas or natural helium, an initial enrichment of helium-3 is necessary to reach the minimum concentration required for traditional separation methods. Entropy filter, a porous element,...
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Sebastian Eisenhut23/07/2024, 14:00
Exact knowledge of the equilibrium ortho-parahydrogen ratio is of crucial importance for most engineering applications related to liquid hydrogen. It is usually determined using the Boltzmann distribution rooted in statistical thermodynamics. This distribution requires some assumptions regarding the modeling of the rotational energy levels related to the different rotational states of the...
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Bingming Wang23/07/2024, 14:00
As a recognized low-carbon clean energy, hydrogen energy is an important part of the global energy transformation. In the vigorously developed hydrogen energy industry chain of production-storage-transportation-use, cryogenic liquid hydrogen has gradually become an effective means to realize large-scale application of hydrogen energy and long-distance, large-capacity and long-term energy...
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Yihong Li (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is an emerging energy storage technology with significant potential for development, owing to its geographical flexibility and superior ability to integrate external energy sources. However, the efficiency of conventional LAES systems is hindered by the shortage of internal cold energy, necessitating the incorporation of external cold energy to improve system...
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Roland Piccin (CERN)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 09: Insulation & Impregnation materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
The mechanical properties of Nb3Sn coils are strongly influenced by the adhesion between the impregnation resin and the coil constituents, which may significantly impact the magnets’ performance. To improve the understanding of the parameters governing the adhesion in such superconducting magnets, a study was conducted on the adhesion of several impregnation systems with respect to different...
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Javier Osuna (CERN)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 09: Insulation & Impregnation materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
The electrical insulation system in wind-and-react niobium-tin (Nb3Sn) superconducting magnets must be robust, such that it can sustain the mechanical stresses, high radiation doses, and thermal cycles involved in the operation of the magnets. The chosen cable insulation material, currently a thin layer of braided S2-glass, must also withstand a high-temperature heat treatment in an inert...
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Yihong Li (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid air energy storage (LAES), characterized by high energy storage density, large-scale storage capacity, and rapid response time, emerges as a novel energy storage technology applicable to grid peaking and renewable energy saving. However, LAES lags behind other energy storage technologies in terms of system efficiency, primarily due to the internal cold energy deficit. To enhance system...
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Anas A. Rahman (Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering)23/07/2024, 14:00
Self-pressurization phenomenon due to heat leakage into liquid hydrogen (LH2) tanks, is considered the primary challenge and dominating factor for its long-term storage and safe operation. Until now, there is still a difficulty in accurately predicting the pressure evolution in such tanks. Despite the wide-spread use of CFD as a mature-developed non-equilibrium modeling approach, intrinsic...
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Jiaqiao Zhang (Southeast University)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 12: Hydrogen technology materials, structures and techniquesPoster Presentation (120m)
Liquid hydrogen, characterized by its low mass density and high volumetric energy, is actively promoted as an ideal spacecraft fuel. However, due to its cryogenic storage temperature and the risk of leakage, it imposes extremely high demands on the tank structure and material property. Currently, most liquid hydrogen storage tanks are made of metal materials such as aluminum alloys and...
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Alexander Jones (Science and Technology Facilities Council)23/07/2024, 14:00
ISIS Neutron and Muon source is a scientific facility which welcomes over 3000 scientific and industrial users per year to carry out experiments across a range of scientific disciplines. Approximately 500 experiments per year require some form of cryogenic sample environment equipment for cooling the sample, and a significant proportion of these use ‘wet’ cryostat or magnet systems consisting...
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Enrique Rodriguez Castro (University Carlos III (ES))23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 10: Structural and 3D printed materials processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Driven by the electrification of industries and economic development in emerging economies, the global demand for electricity is anticipated to surge in the coming decades. It is in this framework that a growing interest in fusion energy devices as a sustainable energy solution emerges. Among the different concepts, SPARC stands out as one of the most promising ones: a compact high – field...
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Rajendra Kumar (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)23/07/2024, 14:00
Conventionally cryocoolers are defined as devices that are capable of reaching temperatures of 120 K or below. Among various types of cryocoolers, pulse tube cryocoolers (PTCC) have developed rapidly over the past decades. PTCC are advantageous due to the absence of moving parts at the cold end, and their miniaturization aspects. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) studies are nowadays necessary...
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Yannick Beßler (Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics – Engineering and Technology (ZEA-1))23/07/2024, 14:00
The European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, Sweden, is designed to become the most powerful accelerator driven spallation neutron source in the world. ESS is currently under construction, first beam on target is planned for 2025, with first user operation expected to start in 2026. As a key component of the neutron production, the cryogenic moderator slows down high-energy neutrons released...
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Guang Long Cui (Institute of Advanced Science Facilities, Shenzhen)23/07/2024, 14:00
The Shenzhen Superconducting Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (S3FEL) accelera-tor is based on the TESLA type superconducting RF cavity technology. It consists of 26 1.3 GHz cryomodules and 2 3.9 GHz cryomodules, which can produce 2.5GeV free electron laser and operate in continuous wave mode. Three cryogen-ic systems, namely Test Facility CryoPlant (TFCP), Prototype Accelarator Cry-oPlant...
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Le Fang (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Hydrogen energy holds significant potential as a novel and clean alternative energy source. Due to its low density under ambient conditions, hydrogen faces challenges in storage and transportation. Consequently, various high-density hydrogen storage and transportation methods have emerged in recent years, including compressed gaseous hydrogen, liquid hydrogen, and cryo-compressed hydrogen....
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Hongwei Zhang (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Cryogenic thermoelectric coolers can be widely used in aerospace industry for satellite cooling systems. However, the commercialization of thermoelectric cooling technology has been built on the Bi2Te3 alloys, which have been aimed at room temperatures. Therefore, suitable materials for cryogenic thermoelectric coolers are needed. In this paper, four thermoelectric coolers have been fabricated...
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Kiyana Patel (UK Atomic Energy Authority)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
The MAST-U – Mega-amp Spherical Tokomak – is undergoing enhancements which will position it at the forefront of fusion energy research. The enhancements will allow the reactor to run at elevated temperatures, provide more flexibility with studying plasma physics exhaust and increase our understanding of the underlying physics of tokomaks. It will also be essential to validate models when...
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Prof Swapan Chandra Sarkar (CENTRE FOR RURAL & CRYOGENIC TECHNOLOGIES, JADAVPUR UNIVERSITIES, KOLKATA-700032,INDIA)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Abstract:
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Types of Cryogenic storage vessels may vary from low-performance containers, insulated with rigid foam or fibrous insulation to high-performance containers having multilayer insulation along with high vacuum in the annular space of the double-walled vessel. Thermal insulation is the most vital factor in the design of any cryogenic system to prevent the following possible modes of... -
Maha Rhandi (CERN)23/07/2024, 14:00
Within the goals of the High-Field Magnet (HFM) program at CERN, ongoing research focuses on achieving magnetic flux densities of up to 16 T using superconducting coils. Understanding the thermal properties of composite materials used as impregnation resins or insulation layers in superconducting magnets is crucial for the design of effective cooling methods. To this end, a new test stand was...
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Darshit Parmar, M D Atrey23/07/2024, 14:00
Joule Thomson (JT) cryocoolers are emerging as an alternative choice for cooling temperatures upto 100 K. This is enabled by using refrigerants instead of single/pure refrigerant as a working fluid. Such cryocoolers are also referred to as Mixed Refrigerants Joule-Thomson (MRJT) cryocoolers. By using mixed refrigerants, the pressure ratio in the cryocooler is reduced from an order of 100s to...
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Diego Perini (CERN)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 08: Stress & Strain & Radiation effects, Aging, Fatigue and life cycle analysisPoster Presentation (120m)
Abstract: The High Field Magnet (HFM) program foresees, among others, the systematic measurement and assessment of mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of HTS cables. These measurements are a key factor to characterize the conductor, verify its performances and control the production quality. These values are also necessary inputs to size the prototype magnets that will use HTS...
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Cheonkyu Lee (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology)23/07/2024, 14:00
A mixed refrigerant (MR) Joule-Thomson (J-T) refrigerator has been developed for application in the semiconductor etching process. The designed refrigerator operates on a 2-stage cascade-type MR J-T refrigeration cycle. For pre-cooling, a vapor compression cycle utilizing R1234yf, a low global warming potential refrigerant, is employed. The main cooling cycle utilizes a mixture of argon (Ar),...
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Giorgio Ghilardi (Korean Institute of Science and Technology)23/07/2024, 14:00
A 4 K J-T cooler is developed to provide sufficient cooling capacity for SNSPD (superconducting nanowire single photon detector) or other quantum information devices. The system is designed for a nominal cooling capacity of 10 mW at 4 K and is conceived to retain sufficient operating flexibility so to properly tune the operating condition. To that extent the design facilitates additional...
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Javier Osuna (CERN)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 09: Insulation & Impregnation materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Quench heaters for the active protection of superconducting magnets are large flexible circuits that are produced in a photolithographic process. The quench heater base material is a lamination of a thin steel foil from which the circuits are produced by chemical etching, and an insulating film which provides electrical insulation between the quench heater circuit and the magnet coil. The...
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Liam Turner (Monash University)23/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid hydrogen is a promising vector for long distance clean energy distribution through shipping. The rapid onloading and offloading times necessary for liquid hydrogen export and the need for regular tank inspections require tanks to be warmed up and chilled down quickly and efficiently. For large tanks utilizing evacuated powder insulation, this can be a slow process due to the low thermal...
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Yihan Tian (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
The regenerator is a vital component within the liquid air energy storage system, enabling the transfer of cold energy between the processes of air liquefaction and gasification. Solid-phase cold storage, distinguished by its lack of operating temperature constraints, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness, stands out as a highly promising method for cold storage in liquid air...
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Christian Scheuerlein (CERN)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 10: Structural and 3D printed materials processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
3D printing of high-performance polymers enables the production of functional components with complex geometries that cannot easily be obtained by conventional manufacturing methods. A concern is the possible degradation of the materials properties of the 3D printed polymers under the irradiation conditions in particle accelerators and detectors. In the present study we have characterised the...
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Junxian Li (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid air energy storage (LAES) technology is characterized by its high energy storage density, geographical independence, and ease of integration with other systems. The LAES integrates and offsets the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy sources. However, air compression and liquefaction processes significantly impact the round-trip efficiency of the entire LAES system. This...
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Tetsuhiro Obana (NIFS)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
In a nuclear fusion experimental device using superconducting magnets, it is necessary to continuously supply liquid helium to the magnets. Therefore, the stable operation of a helium refrigerator is required during the plasma experiments. Turboexpanders, which are core equipment of the helium refrigerator, contain many parameters to be monitored constantly. During the operation of the helium...
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Weijun Cheng (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Dilution refrigerators are widely used in the fields of condensed matter physics and quantum technology. The condensation-driven dilution refrigerator uses a condenser operating at temperatures below that of the Still to liquefy the 3He vapor and achieve the circulation of the 3He, which has the advantages of compact structure, lightweight, low cost, and low vibration. Due to these...
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Parikshit Badhe (IIT Bombay), Praveen Topagi (IIT Bombay)23/07/2024, 14:00
Stirling type Cryocoolers are required to cool the I-R detectors and have become essential in military and space-based applications due to its efficiency and compactness. At the core of a cryocooler lies the regenerator, a crucial component acting as a heat exchanger. This heat exchanger plays a vital role in the operation of the cryocooler due to its efficient heat transfer resulting in...
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Johannes Doll (TU Dresden)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
A compact submersible centrifugal pump has been developed to transfer liquid helium with flow rates up to 20 liters per minute between dewar vessels against the pressure loss of the transfer line. The pump is equipped with a cold motor and ball bearings. The authors report on the latest test results and performance characteristics.
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Tiantian Xiao23/07/2024, 14:00
The design of the support structure of high vacuum and low temperature adiabatic vessel should not only meet the mechanical design requirements such as strength, but also meet the thermodynamic requirements such as low leakage heat. A cylindrical dry calorimeter based on two-stage G-M refrigerator was designed and built, and the heat transfer performance of the support structure was tested....
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yanjie Liu23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Cold end temperature of Stirling generator needs to be increased to reduce the heat sink radiator area which is limited due to the payload capacity of rocket in space application. However, the cold end temperature increase leads to the linear alternator’s overtemperature and failure consequently. A coupled Stirling Generator-Pulse Tube Cryocooler system driven by a Stirling Engine was proposed...
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Zijie Pan (Key Laboratory of Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS), Lingjiao Wei (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS), Ziyao Liu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)23/07/2024, 14:00
Multiple space X-ray missions in China are under preparation in recent years including HUBS and DIXE. The demand for the Sub-Kelvin space refrigeration technology becomes urgent. The space dilution refrigerator with the advantages of continuous cooling power, little magnetic interference, and light weight has application prospects for space detection missions in future. A dilution...
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Lingjiao Wei (中国科学院理化技术研究所)23/07/2024, 14:00
The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR), based on the principle of magnetocaloric effect, is a solid-state cooling device. One of its key advantages is the ability to operate under microgravity conditions while offering high thermodynamic efficiency and modular design. Moreover, it stands out as one of the few coolers capable of achieving sub-Kelvin temperatures. As a result, it is...
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Parthasarathi Ghosh (IIT Kharagpur India)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
The performance of a 3-stream plate-fin heat exchanger in a helium refrigerator plant having a modified Claude cycle is crucial to achieve required refrigeration power. This heat exchanger is placed between 2 warmer turbines of the helium refrigerator plant, which is being developed at IPR, Gandhinagar, India. This 3-stream plate-fin heat exchanger has been designed using serrated fins of...
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Xuming Liu (Southern University of Science and Technology), Changzhao Pan (Shenzhen International Quantum Academy)23/07/2024, 14:00
GM pulse tube cryocoolers with large cooling capacity at liquid helium temperature are widely used due to the advantages of low vibration, long life and high reliability in some fields, including quantum computing, condensed matter physics research and others. Our research team previously developed a cold head of the GM type pulse tube cryocooler based on the American compressor CPA1110, which...
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Denis Beauregard (Canadian Light Source (CLS))23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 08: Stress & Strain & Radiation effects, Aging, Fatigue and life cycle analysisPoster Presentation (120m)
Canadian Light Source, a 2.9 GeV 3rd generation synchrotron located in Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada, has had a superconducting wiggler since 2005. Commissioned in July 2005, the wiggler and associated systems have been serviced and upgraded throughout the years. I will look at system design, operations use and upgrades. A look at the quench count and some contributing factors for the...
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Hiromi Tanaka (National Institute of Technology, Yonago College)23/07/2024, 14:00
Using a hydrogen annealing process, we have successfully fabricated intrinsic Josephson junction (IJJ) tunneling devices in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy (Bi-2212) high-temperature superconductor. To flow electrical current along c-axis direction, a Bi-2212 single crystal was annealed in a hydrogen atmosphere at 300-500℃ for 15-60 minutes. By the annealing, an electrical property of the Bi-2212 single crystal...
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Hideki Tatsumoto (European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS))23/07/2024, 14:00
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is going to provide long-pulsed cold and thermal neutron fluxes at very high brightness. It is one of the largest science and technology infrastructure project being built on outskirt of Lund, in Sweden. Protons at 2 GeV (with a normal current of 62.5 mA) are delivered by a superconducting linear proton accelerator and are injected on a rotatory tungsten...
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D.S. Nadig23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 08: Stress & Strain & Radiation effects, Aging, Fatigue and life cycle analysisPoster Presentation (120m)
Prior information of physical and mechanical properties of materials is very crucial in design and development of a mechanical system. In the normal course, sufficient data is available at around room temperature. However, data of these properties are not easily available at cryogenic temperatures. At the same time, the available data cannot be extrapolated down to cryogenic temperature since...
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Hannes Nowak23/07/2024, 14:00
A large volume glass-fibre liquid helium cryostat with beam tube was developed for a Cryogenic Current Comparator (CCC). Cryogenic Current Comparators are used for beam diagnostics in accelerators and storage rings.
Measurement problem
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Cryogenic Current Comparators (CCC) have been developed for electrical metrology to compare ratios of two electrical currents with the highest precision... -
Yujia Zhai23/07/2024, 14:00
The recent decade has witnessed the rapid development of superconducting quantum computing for its ultra-fast execution speed. The quantum chips should operate at a temperature below 20 mK, which poses a significant challenge for the suitable cryogenic system. The dilution refrigerator which can not only operate continuously and stably but also features with the merits of low vibration and...
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273. Investigation on multi-stage centrifugal cold compressors in superfluid helium cryogenic systemJihao Wu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
The centrifugal cold compressors are the pressurizing device commonly used in large-capacity superfluid helium systems to connect the 2 K helium tank to the room-temperature screw compressors. In order to provide a large pressure ratio, the cold compressors are connected in the form of multi-stage series, which would result in the stable operating region that is reduced to a certain extent....
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Liqiang Liu (Technical institute of physics and Chemistry,CAS)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Aerostatic bearings, due to their low friction and long lifespan, are widely used in high speed cryogenic turbo expanders. In various refrigeration cycles, it is essential for the bearing gas to be compatible with the working fluid gas to prevent contamination of the whole process. Due to variations in bearing gas viscosity, density and other properties, the static and dynamic characteristics...
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Jixiang Yan (TIPC)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 09: Insulation & Impregnation materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Epoxy resin has been commonly used as a supporting and insulating material in superconducting systems that operate at low temperatures and high electric fields. However, it has diverse and complex internal defects. The traps within epoxy resin can capture space charges, especially under factors like radiation and Schottky injection. This can affect the material's performance in terms of...
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Paolo Cacace (Sapienza Universita e INFN, Roma I (IT))23/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract:
CERN, home of the 27 km long LHC (Large Hadron Collider) particle accelerator, operates and maintains the world’s largest cryogenic infrastructure. This complex system is essential to the LHC’s functionality, reliability, and availability. Big data analytics and machine learning are promising techniques to extract descriptive and predictive models in complex systems for operation...
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Eunjeong Kim (lawrence livermore national laboratory)23/07/2024, 14:00
In response to the escalating demand for energy-efficient refrigeration, active magnetic refrigeration (AMR) has emerged as a promising solution, with researchers focusing on identifying environmentally friendly solid-state refrigerants. Among various candidates, including Gd and Heusler alloys, the evaluation criteria typically revolve around parameters such as isothermal magnetic entropy...
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Simon Otten (UTwente SuperACT)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 08: Stress & Strain & Radiation effects, Aging, Fatigue and life cycle analysisPoster Presentation (120m)
High magnetic fields of up to 20 T in tokamak-type fusion devices, such as in Central Solenoids of European DEMO and the Chinese BEST fusion reactors, require High-Temperature Superconductors (HTS) and a promising candidate is ReBCO tape. The large Lorentz forces occurring under these operating conditions may locally generate high mechanical stresses, which can irreversibly degrade the...
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Zahra Abbasi (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Technical Physics)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 10: Structural and 3D printed materials processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Aluminum alloys, by virtue of their lightweight, good formability, and good corrosion resistance, are widely used in aerospace, construction, and automotive applications. The recently introduced AlMgSc-alloy, namely Scalmalloy® CX by APWORKS, processed by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) with high specific strength and a lightweight structure with minimal design constraints has enormous...
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Friedrich Wolff (3M Germany)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 03: Bulk material processing, properties and applicationsPoster Presentation (120m)
Bulk insulation materials such as expanded perlite are widely used in double-walled cryogenic insulation systems and well known to the industry. However, expanded perlite is also known to be very fragile. Mechanical stress e.g. due to thermal cycling or vibrations can result in material degradation over time and limit its application.
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In contrast, hollow glass microspheres which are... -
Jonas Arnsberg (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)23/07/2024, 14:00
Current leads for superconducting magnets or power cables contribute significantly to the cryogenic heat load of the otherwise well isolated system. The thermodynamic optimization of current leads requires cooling not only at the cold end, but along their entire length. For larger scale systems, cooling with boil-off nitrogen or helium gas is well established. For compact or stand-alone...
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Byeongchang Byeon (Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials)23/07/2024, 14:00
Currently, several hydrogen liquefaction plants are being built in Korea, and the distribution of liquid hydrogen to society is only a few years away. One of the major sources of liquid hydrogen demand is liquid hydrogen-based charging stations. These stations serve as pivotal hubs, utilizing liquid hydrogen as a storage medium, employing a pump for pressurization, and delivering low-pressure...
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Xueli Luo (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)23/07/2024, 14:00
A third-generation underground gravitational wave (GW) observatory, known as the Einstein Telescope (ET), will be developed by European countries together. It is designed as an equilateral triangle with 10 km long arms 200 to 300 meters underneath the ground and with detectors being located in each corner. Any two adjacent arms comprise two independent interferometers, and one interferometer...
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Abhinav Singh (Cryogenic Engineering Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur)23/07/2024, 14:00
A Pulsating Heat Pipe (PHP) is an energy-efficient heat transfer device that operates using the processes of evaporation and condensation to effectively transport heat across long distances. Notably, room-temperature PHPs find crucial applications in cooling electronic components, such as CPU chips. In cryogenic environments, superconducting magnets that are cooled using cryocoolers require...
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Ziyao Liu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
The compressibility of the gas is used to produce elastic recovery force, provide the axial stiffness of the reciprocating movement of the piston, which effectively avoids the problems of stress concentration and large dynamic mass of the plate spring. The gas spring is a new development direction of the compressor and the free piston Stirling engine, it is important to clarify its dynamic...
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Dr. Zhang Xiaoqing23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Miniature Stirling cryocoolers based on SWaP-C (Size, Weight, Power Consumption, and Cost) objectives for HOT IR technology are prioritize size, weight, and power at a low cost and have grown their importance in the industries of defense, aerospace, medical devices and small scale cryogenic systems. The significance of a miniature Stirling cryocooler for HOT IR technology based on SWaP-C...
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Shariq Zafar (Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur)23/07/2024, 14:00
Pressure Wave Refrigerators (PWRs), in principle, work with thermal separation through shock waves. The fundamental flow dynamics within a PWR closely resemble those in a shock tube. The sudden release of high-pressure gas in a tube or channel produces shock waves that move through the driven gas, and the associated rarefied waves reduce the pressure of the driver gas. A PWR typically...
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James Wang (Monash University)23/07/2024, 14:00
The rate of self-pressurization in partially filled cryogenic tanks is dependent on vapour-liquid heat transfer and the ability of the liquid to transfer heat from the surface. This heat transfer may be enhanced by tank motion, such as during transport, which can lead to different pressurisation profiles depending on the mode of liquid sloshing within the tank. In pressurized liquid hydrogen...
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Liqiang LIU (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Hydrogen is increasingly recognized as an ideal clean energy source, with its use in industry proliferating. Among various storage and transportation methods, liquid hydrogen storage stands out for its high efficiency. However, the risk of accidental leaks leading to the formation of hydrogen clouds poses safety concerns due to hydrogen's high explosion potential and low ignition energy....
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Shihao Li (Southeast University)23/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid hydrogen (LH$_2$) is believed as the top-rising storage method for long-distance and massive bulk transportation of hydrogen. However, LH$_2$ is easy to vaporize, and also flammable and explosive. It’s necessary to release the boil-off gas for pressure reduction after the safe pressure limit of the container. An improper release time or frequency would pose a safety threat to the...
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Ho-Myung Chang23/07/2024, 14:00
A thermodynamic investigation is performed to determine the optimal para fraction of liquid hydrogen for efficient liquefaction and storage. Ortho-to-para (OP) conversion is required in hydrogen liquefaction process, because any residual ortho-hydrogen in cryogenic liquid would eventually result in a boil-off loss due to the conversion heat. On the other hand, a liquefier should be capable of...
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Biao Yang (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Limited by insufficient cold storage capacity of regenerator materials, especially operating below 10 K, it is challenging for a high-frequency pulse tube cryocooler to obtain a low temperature down to liquid helium temperature. In this study, the influence of different regenerator materials on the refrigeration performance of a high-frequency regenerator working in the liquid-hydrogen to...
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Zhikang Wang (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)23/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES), characterized by its large-scale energy storage capacity and geographical flexibility, represents a promising solution to address the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy. In the construction phase of a LAES power station, the pre-cooling procedure for the cold energy storage fluid and its corresponding tank assumes critical significance, as it...
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Roza Doubnik (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia IL 60510, United States.)23/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) situated at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, serves as the host for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), employing cryostats with nearly 70,000 metric tons of high purity liquid argon (LAr). The integrity of LAr quality is pivotal in determining the electron lifetime within DUNE,...
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Jiahao Hao (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)23/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract：
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Cryogenic liquid air energy storage (LAES) is a physical energy storage technology with significant development. However, conventional systems suffer from problems such as high air liquefaction throttling loss, insufficient utilization of heat storage capacity, and low efficiency of system electrical to electrical conversion. Therefore, a liquid air energy storage systemcoupled... -
Maximilian Grabowski (TUD Dresden University of Technology)23/07/2024, 14:00
Currently, there is a great need for test facilities for material samples and components for later LH2 applications. This includes low temperature compatibility at 20 K, H2 compatibility and potential degradation or permeation effects. A versatile test apparatus has been developed without the need of an external LH2 supply. A limited LH2 quantity of typically 2–3 L is generated directly on...
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TAPAS KUMAR NANDI (INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Perforated plate heat exchangers (PPHEs) are made of alternately arranged high thermal conductivity plates with an insulating spacer in between. While the plates help in inter-fluid heat exchange in the lateral direction, the spacer minimizes the axial conduction losses. They, being very compact and efficient, find use in applications in many places including space, 2K helium cryogenic and...
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Bixi Li (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry)23/07/2024, 14:00
With the miniaturisation and high efficiency of electronic devices, near-field (NF) radiation has become a key factor in the study of thermal radiation control in electronic devices. NF radiative heat transfer (RHT) is several orders of magnitude greater than far-field (FF) radiation in the vacuum state, while it has been found that NF radiation decreases significantly as the sample passes...
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Shurui Zhang (Tongji university)23/07/2024, 14:00
Due to the absence of moving parts at cold end, Stirling type pulse tube cryocoolers (SPTCs) possess the benefits of low vibration, long maintenance intervals and high reliability. SPTCs have been widely used in the fields of superconductors, aerospace, industrial gas liquefaction etc.
Currently, single-stage SPTCs operating at liquid nitrogen temperatures have been successfully developed...
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Erik Walcz (Centre for Energy Research)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 10: Structural and 3D printed materials processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing (ADAM) represents cutting-edge technology in the field of cost-effective additive manufacturing. This study investigates the viability of utilizing ADAM for producing components intended for cryogenic heat transfer, heat exchanger etc. in vacuum environments.
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The emergence of ADAM presents a promising alternative to traditional metal printing... -
Linlin Gao (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Hydrogen is an important green energy source, but its low density and low boiling point bring problems for large-scale storage and transportation. Presently, liquid hydrogen storage and high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage are two main hydrogen storage technologies. However, Liquid hydrogen storage has the problems of ortho-para hydrogen conversion and high liquefaction energy consumption;...
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Francois Bonne (Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA IRIG-DSBT,Grenoble 38000 France)23/07/2024, 14:00
The JT-60SA tokamak fusion experiment is under final commissioning at Naka, Japan. The magnetic confinement of this fusion facility is performed by superconducting magnets cooled around 4.5 K. The JT-60SA magnet system is composed of toroidal field (TF) magnets, central solenoid (CS), and equilibrium field (EF) magnets. There are 18 TF magnets (Nb-Ti conductor, max field at conductor 5.65 T),...
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Hideki Tatsumoto (European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS))23/07/2024, 14:00
The European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS) will provide long-pulsed cold and thermal neutron fluxes at very high brightness to the research community. Spallation neutrons are produced by a linear proton accelerator with an average beam power of ultimately 5 MW. These neutrons are moderated to cold and thermal energies by the moderators. Initially, the ESS will install two hydrogen moderators...
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Kexin Li (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Safe, compact, lightweight, and cost-effective hydrogen storage technology is key to the comprehensive development of hydrogen energy. Cryo-compressed hydrogen storage refers to the use of adiabatic, pressure-resistant vessels to store hydrogen in a supercritical state under the cryogenic temperature and high-pressure. Compared with other hydrogen storage methods, it has significant advantages...
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Wei Ji23/07/2024, 14:00
Wei Ji1, Jiyun Liu1, Zi Lin1, Lingwei Cui1, Liubiao Chen2, 3, Junjie Wang1, 2, 4, *
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1 Zhonglv Zhongke Energy Storage Technology Co., Ltd., 18 Lishi Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, P. R. China;
2 Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P. R. China;
3 Institute of Optical... -
Shinji Hamaguchi (National Institute for Fusion Science)23/07/2024, 14:00
In fusion experimental devices and accelerators, superconducting magnets and cavities are cooled by cryogen supplied through transfer lines from helium liquefier/refrigerators. Since those devices have become larger recently and are operated continuously for a long time, the heat leak into transfer lines has a large influence on the cooling capacity of the helium liquefier/refrigerators....
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Shaoqi Yang23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Reciprocating liquid hydrogen pump is the key equipment for the liquid hydrogen transport technology in the hydrogen energy industry. The check valve, serving as a vital component in the pump, regulates the flow of liquid hydrogen into and out of the pump chamber during each stroke of the reciprocating motion. This paper simulates the check valve motion based on the mechanical equilibrium...
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Abdul Nazer K H (Department of Instrumentation, CUSAT), Pankaj Sagar (Cochin University of Science and Technology)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 09: Insulation & Impregnation materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Adsorbents are an integral part of a cryo-adsorption vacuum pump. Activated carbon is the most efficient adsorbent material for such applications for a multitude of reasons like high surface area, versatile pore structure, chemical stability, and regenerative capacity. However, activated carbon does possess an inherent limitation of having low thermal conductivity, which is an essential vital...
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Richard Csiszar (HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research)23/07/2024, 14:00
In fusion devices cryogenic has a crucial role, not only in superconductive magnet cooling, but also in the formation of cryogenic pellets. These pellets are used for fueling and other solidified matter injection of fusion reactors. At the HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research Fusion Plasma Physics Department, a support laboratory has been set up to study pellet production, launch and shattering...
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Zeju Weng (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 11: Aircraft and Space application, materials and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
The metallurgical changes and micro defects after welding can influence the mechanical property, corrosion resistance and dimensional stability of the stainless steel wielding joints. It is necessary to explore an effective post-welded method to improve the service performance for stainless steel welding joints. Furthermore, the essential mechanism between microstructure changes and...
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Ziyao Liu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Space free piston Stirling generator technology is an important thermoelectric conversion technology in space reactor energy system. In order to realize the high reliability and low vibration characteristics of the space reactor energy system, the dual gas-coupled opposing Stirling generator is proposed in this paper, and its cooperative operation mechanism will also be investigated. Firstly,...
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Jixiang Yan (TIPC)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
ABSTRACT:Pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) are promising high-efficiency heat transfer devices with high cost-effectiveness and flexibility. To investigate the heat transfer performance of cryogenic PHP with a long heat transfer distance, a 0.6 m long nitrogen PHP was tested in this paper. The PHP was made by a stainless-steel capillary tube with an inner diameter of 1 mm and an outer diameter of...
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Carlos Hernando (CYCLOMED TECHNOLOGIES)23/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Magnetic refrigeration, a well-established technique employed to attain temperatures below the Kelvin scale, is currently gaining prominence for its application at temperatures corresponding to liquid helium and liquid hydrogen. This surge in interest is attributable to the elevated Carnot efficiency associated with magnetic refrigeration in such temperature ranges. A test stand has been...
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Anna Krzak (Silesian University of Technology)23/07/2024, 14:00
Thermal properties of materials, especially their thermal conductivity and emissivity, are extremely important in the efficient design of terrestrial cryogenic equipment, such as Dewars and cryostats. It is widely known that composite materials based on epoxy resin and glass reinforcement are good candidates for applications in extreme temperature conditions due to their high stiffness...
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Shiguang Wu (State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciencess)23/07/2024, 14:00
The rapid development of superconducting quantum computing technology has stimulated the demand for cryogen-free dilution refrigerators with high cooling capacity. The method of increasing the mass flow rate to obtain a high cooling capacity is limited by the critical velocity of the dilute phase. This study delves into the operation of a high cooling capacity dilution refrigeration system,...
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Xiaoyu Fan (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid air energy storage (LAES) technology stands out as a promising large-scale energy storage solution owing to its inherent advantages such as high storage density, geographical flexibility, and scalability. The liquefaction unit, being a pivotal element of the LAES system, significantly influences its overall performance. However, existing research on the liquefaction unit within the LAES...
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Zhaozhao Gao (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is a large-scale, long-duration energy storage technology that stores electricity in the form of liquid air. Air liquefaction is the core process of a LAES system, determining the conversion rate between electricity and liquid air and affecting the system efficiency. Conventional LAES systems are often based on a single liquefaction cycle, such as the...
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Valeryia Sidarava (Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Engineering and Design)23/07/2024, 14:00
Mobile cryogenic tanks are used to transport liquefied process gases in large quantities. To increase the possible distances and minimize the product loss due to evaporation, the tanks can be additionally equipped with a liquid-cooled thermal shield. The known vapor-cooled shields use the boil-off gas of the main product by feeding it through the pipe wound on the outside of the container to...
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James Wang (Monash University)23/07/2024, 14:00
The export of liquid hydrogen (LH2) offers a carbon neutral replacement for liquefied natural gas (LNG). However, among the key challenges in the storage and transport LH2 is the requirement for significantly insulated tanks due to the low storage temperatures required when compared to LNG. During the return voyage, tanks may carry a small amount of liquid (heel) to maintain low temperatures...
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Lucy Bain (ISIS Neutron and Muon Source)23/07/2024, 14:00
The ISIS Neutron and Muon Source undertakes approximately 100 experiments per year at temperatures below 1K. At these temperatures there is a clear need for accurate, precise, and well-calibrated thermometry, which is resilient to the challenging sample environments found in large science facilities. Commonly used resistive thermometers, whilst offering convenience and operational simplicity,...
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Torsten Koettig (CERN)23/07/2024, 16:00
One of the cooling concepts of prototype cavity structures for the FCC is based on a self-sustained convection loop (open thermosyphon) with liquid Helium as a cooling fluid. A suggested novel cavity type is named Slotted Waveguide Elliptical Cavity (SWELL) with an estimated heat load for the 1.3 GHz prototype of 70 W. A vertically oriented 131 mm high cooling channel of 30 mm-diameter and...
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Yingxuan Hu (Zhejiang University, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics)23/07/2024, 16:00
ABSTRACT:
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Superfluid helium (He II) offers unique challenges and opportunities in heat and mass transfer phenomena due to its exceptional thermal conductivity and peculiar flow characteristics. These properties make superfluid helium an indispensable medium in cooling applications, particularly in high-energy physics where maintaining the operational stability of superconducting cavities is... -
451. Experimental improvements to the acoustic expander with applications to cryogenic refrigerationJacob Adams23/07/2024, 16:15
The acoustic expander is an innovative cryogenic component that uses gaseous pressure waves for work transfer as part of a continuous flow, recuperative cycle refrigerator. This expander uses passive reed-valves coupled to an acoustic resonator, much like a wind instrument, to produce refrigeration. The passive reed-valves are pressure-controlled by the imposed, static pressure difference...
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Amalia Ballarino (CERN)23/07/2024, 16:15
The powering of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) magnets will rely on eight Cold Powering Systems incorporating Superconducting Links (SC Links) based on MgB2 cables. These cables are housed in compact and flexible vacuum-insulated pipes and transfer, via multiple cable configurations feeding circuits rated at currents ranging from 0.6 to 18 kA, total DC currents of about 120 kA at up to 25 K....
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Julian Will23/07/2024, 16:15
The solubility of hydrogen in liquid helium seems to be unknown. One potential explanation for this could be the exceedingly low solubility limit, making this phenomenon irrelevant for the vast majority of applications. In cryogenics, however, this effect is crucial. Traces of hydrogen in liquid helium and in the liquid helium supply systems result in a malfunction of liquid helium flow...
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Tao Ma (Beijing Jiaotong University)23/07/2024, 16:30
The high-temperature superconducting magnetic energy storage device can realize the rapid support of the grid voltage and frequency, and has a good application prospect in the new energy grid. In order to reduce the leakage magnetic field of the energy storage magnet, the large superconducting energy storage magnet can adopt a toroidal magnet structure. At the same time, in order to improve...
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Jiaxin Hou (Huazhong University of Science and Technology)23/07/2024, 16:30
Cryogenic wind tunnels (CWT) provide a means to perform high Reynolds number aerodynamic tests in a cryogenic environment and simulate hypersonic flights. Non-invasive measurement technology is an advanced measurement techniques applicable to CWT. However, the utilization of non-invasive measurement technology in CWT encounters significant challenges due to the absence of appropriate tracer...
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Jinxing Zheng (Institute of plasma physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)23/07/2024, 16:45
With the increasing requirements of the operating parameter of DEMO fusion devices to realize power generation, the Toroidal Field (TF) magnet is required to withstand a substantial thermal load. BEST (Burning Plasma Experimental Superconducting Tokamak), a novel Tokamak machine in China, has been developed to achieve Deuterium-Tritium fusion. The maximum fusion power is 130MW and the nuclear...
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Jun Ishimoto (Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University)23/07/2024, 16:45
The high thermal-fluid mechanical functionality of cryogenic fine solid particles of micron to nanometer size has been noted in ultrahigh heat flux cooling technology, which is applied to high thermal emission devices and nonaqueous physical nanodevice cleaning technologies.
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To effectively use the high performance of such cryogenic solid particles in advanced nanotechnology, our laboratory... -
Goncalo Tomas23/07/2024, 16:45
The paper describes the commissioning of a conduction-cooled NbTi magnet system for Superconducting Magnetic Density Separation (SMDS), as well as its preliminary field tests on-location at the industrial end-user. MDS is a relatively new sorting technology that allows to sort multiple non-magnetic materials simultaneously, based on their mass density. A ferrofluid carries a mixed particle...
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Patricia Tavares Coutinho Borges De Sousa (CERN)23/07/2024, 17:00
Future, multi-km particle accelerator projects will be under heavy scrutiny to be energetically sustainable. Compared to previous accelerators, these machines must sustain increasingly high beam-induced, static and dynamic heat loads per meter length. These features make the cryogenic infrastructure required for superconducting magnet operation a major cost and energy driver. The choice of a...
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Daniel Hollibaugh (Eta Space LLC)23/07/2024, 17:00
Eta Space and NASA are developing an Electro-Chemical Hydrogen Refrigerator (ECHR) demonstrator capable of reaching liquid hydrogen temperatures with no moving parts in support of Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) strategies for future space mission architectures. The demonstrator is powered by an electrochemical hydrogen compressor, custom-built by Skyre, Inc., with a supply pressure up to...
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HangJin Jo23/07/2024, 17:00
Liquid oxygen, a potential spacecraft fuel, exhibits distinct behaviors under varying gravitational conditions, particularly at the liquid-vapor interface. While this interface remains static under standard gravity, it shifts significantly in microgravity environments. Accurately predicting this movement is essential for designing spacecraft fuel tanks to ensure uninterrupted fuel supply, a...
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Fernando Aretio Zárate (CERN)23/07/2024, 17:15
ALLEGRO is a proposed FCC-ee general-purpose detector concept with a noble-liquid electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) as one of its central detectors. Noble-liquid calorimetry is a strong option for future particle physics experiments – for both, hadron and lepton colliders. Such an ECAL is composed of a sandwich of 1536 multi-layer read-out electrodes realized as PCBs and the same number of...
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Zhikang Wang (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)23/07/2024, 17:15
Large-scale air separation units are pivotal in separating air into gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and argon, crucial for industries such as metallurgy, coal chemical, and petrochemical. However, the high energy consumption of these units keeps operational costs elevated. Moreover, the increasing peak-to-valley ratio in the power grid poses a threat to its stable operation. To address these...
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Michele Sisti (CERN)23/07/2024, 17:15
The High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will require the replacement of the final focusing superconducting magnets, the implementation of new superconducting links to power the magnets and the implementation of new superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) crab cavities, totalizing a length of about 150 m on both sides of the collision points of the ATLAS (P1) and of the...
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Ben Hamilton23/07/2024, 17:30
We present a new way to measure the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of cryogenic fluids using a modification of the 3-omega technique. These modifications include a wire-in-hole geometry that limits natural convection of the fluid around the measurement wire allowing for more accurate measurement. A complete theory of the thermal environment around the measurement wire is presented. This...
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Aleksandra Onufrena (CERN)23/07/2024, 17:30
For the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project, the final focusing Inner Triplet (IT) superconducting magnets of the LHC will be replaced by a new 60 m-long set of higher performance Nb3Sn magnets that will operate at 1.9 K in pressurised He II. A test facility, the HL-LHC IT String, is currently being built to validate the collective behaviour of these new magnets and of the related systems. A...
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Rajiv Sharma (Institute for Plasma Research)23/07/2024, 17:30
The cryo compatible and helium leak-tight vacuum barrier (VB) is necessary in the superconducting (SC) Tokamak, which is required to separate the vacuum between the machine cryostat and superconducting current feeder system. It is a dissimilar material joint that electrically isolates 2 kV DC voltage during the quenching of SC magnets. The current feeder system, which houses the 4.2 K...
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Jinglei Wang (Zhejiang University)23/07/2024, 17:45
Liquefied natural gas (LNG), as a widely available and renewable fuel, can address the growing energy demand and significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In the liquefaction of natural gas, pivotal components such as heat exchangers require reliable methods for predicting heat transfer coefficients. Existing prediction methods are mostly focused on conventional channels with hydraulic...
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Christopher Lawson (ISIS Neutron and Muon Source)23/07/2024, 17:45
The dilution refrigerator is a low temperature workhorse, used worldwide to provide temperatures in the millikelvin range for devices ranging from quantum computers through to dark matter detectors. Since its inception more than 50 years ago, the mechanism by which refrigeration occurs has been well understood. However, until this point, the only visual representations of this process were...
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Marion Kauschke23/07/2024, 17:45
In Darmstadt, Germany, the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is presently under construction. One of the most complex machines is the SIS100, a synchrotron with a circumference of 1100 metres. The magnets for SIS100 are superconducting magnets, using an internally cooled superconducting cable.
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Since the accelerating structures for heavy ions are normal conducting and have to be... -
Lutz Decker (Linde Kryotechnik AG), Alexander Alekseev (Linde GmbH, Clean Energy Technology R&D, Pullach/Germany; Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Institute of Plant and Process Technology)24/07/2024, 08:50
Liquid hydrogen is currently attracting a lot of attention for two applications: as a replacement for fossil fuels in heavy-duty trucks or planes and as a potential hydrogen carrier for energy transport over long distances. This is mainly due to the high energy density of LH2 in terms of mass. Other advantageous characteristics of LH2 are a) high purity, b) reduced risk potential due to low...
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Toru Kuriyama (Toshiba)24/07/2024, 09:45ICEC 02: Cryocoolers, magnetic coolers and other coolersPlenary Oral (45m)
In recent times, superconducting magnets cooled solely by cryocoolers, without the need for liquid helium, have widely adopted in both academic and industrial applications. The 4K GM cryocooler plays a crucial role in achieving cryocooler-cooled or conductively cooled superconducting magnets. In this presentation, the developments related to the 4K GM cryocooler and its application in...
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Ignacio Aviles Santillana (CERN)24/07/2024, 11:00
As the demands on cryogenic engineering systems continue to evolve with advancements in high-energy physics, novel fusion devices, and the expanding hydrogen economy, the question arises: can stainless steel rise to the challenge? Relying in superconducting magnet technology, the magnetic fields required for a variety of very ambitious engineering projects are increasingly high: 16 T for FCC –...
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Steffen Grohmann24/07/2024, 11:00
The Einstein Telescope (ET) is a third-generation gravitational wave detector planned in Europe, combining a low-frequency (LF) and a high-frequency (HF) laser interferometer. To exploit the full scientific potential of ET, cryogenic operation of the ET-LF core optics is crucial to suppress the fundamental suspension thermal noise, which dominates the detection sensitivity at low frequency, to...
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Shaolong Zhu (Zhejiang University)24/07/2024, 11:00
Cryogenic fluids, boasting diverse industrial applications, play a pivotal role in cutting-edge technologies. Notably, liquid helium (LHe) serves the purpose of cooling Earth-orbiting telescopes and satellites, while liquid hydrogen (LH2) plays a crucial role in the cooling of superconducting magnets and propelling space engines. Prior to achieving the efficient flow of cryogenic fluids, the...
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Xinbo Dong (Institute of Advanced Science Facilities, Shenzhen (IASF))24/07/2024, 11:30
The Dalian Advanced Light Source (DALS), proposed by the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, China, is a new Free Electron Laser (FEL) project based on superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavity technology. Testing the Q0 performance of the cavity and measuring the static and dynamic cryogenic heat loads of the cryomodule (CM) are an essential...
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Mike Meyer24/07/2024, 11:30
Storing cryogenic propellants in space from months to multiple years duration and transfer of these propellants from one tank to another (refueling) are significant challenges on the critical path for returning humans to the moon, future Mars missions, and commercialization of cis-lunar space. State-of-the-art (SOA) storage duration for operational cryogenic stages is currently less than a...
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Simon Otten (UTwente SuperACT)24/07/2024, 11:30
For high-field accelerator magnets of the future, Bi-2212 round wires are an interesting option thanks to superior Jc compared to Nb3Sn for magnetic fields above 13 T. The round shape of the wires makes it possible to use established Rutherford cabling technology. The large thermal margin results in training-free coil demonstrators. In accelerator magnets, however, Bi-2212 Rutherford cables...
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163. Cryogenic Tests of an Airborne Liquid Hydrogen Tank for a Manned Aircraft In the HEAVEN ProjectLoic JEUNESSE24/07/2024, 11:45
With the growing public awareness on the consequences of global warming, and increasingly facing competition from other modes of land transportation, aviation has no more choice but to rapidly achieve radical technological breakthroughs in the field of low carbon propulsion.
Several studies show that the largest share of aviation emissions is caused by short- and medium-range aircraft,...
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Xiao Fei Lu (Institute of Plasma Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 11:45
Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) was one of the Chinese big science and technology facility. The objectives were to explore and master fusion DEMO level key technologies for next magnetic confinement fusion. In order to test the performance of superconducting magnet, a large-scale helium refrigeration system was proposed and under construction. In this paper, the...
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Kirtana Puthran (CERN, KIT)24/07/2024, 11:45ICMC 08: Stress & Strain & Radiation effects, Aging, Fatigue and life cycle analysisRegular Oral (15m)
This work presents observations on crack formation in Nb3Sn Rutherford cables that underwent a variation in the heat treatment cycle and the
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resin used for impregnation. The main purpose of the study is to compare
the crack initiation limits and propose a combination of parameters to improve the mechanical strength of the cables. While lowering the final dwell
time of the heat treatment... -
Wujie Zhang (Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)24/07/2024, 12:00
Abstract: Liquid-oxygen-liquid-methane reusable rocket technology is currently a hot topic in the field of spaceflight. Storage of liquid methane and liquid oxygen in a single tank but with a common bulkhead partition is the most compact and favorable scheme. Reduced or even zero boil-off loss of the cryogenic bipropellants is one of the key endeavors for prolonging the storage duration...
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Paul Richardson (United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority)24/07/2024, 12:00
Fusion is one of the most promising options for generating the cleaner energy the world badly needs. Recent milestones in fusion include the new JET3 world record of generating 69 megajoules of fusion energy for five seconds by feeding two milligrams of deuterium and tritium. This is enough to power 12,000 households for about the same period. Delivering fusion energy to the grid is a...
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Florian Martin (Air Liquide Advanced technologies), Jean-Marc BERNHARDT, Luc GAFFET, Mathieu Szmigiel (Air Liquide), Olivier GUIA24/07/2024, 12:15
Quantum computing has recently gained interest from industry, opening new fields of applications. Air Liquide Advanced Technologies, thanks to its experiences on ultra-low temperature systems (CryoConcept, subsidiary has been commercializing Dilution Fridges for 20 years for scientific labs) and on Helium Refrigeration and Liquefaction systems for Physics and Industry, is actively developing...
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Sonja Schlachter (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)24/07/2024, 12:15ICMC 11: Aircraft and Space application, materials and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Since the early days of space flight, the so-called radio-blackout phenomenon occurring during hypersonic flight or during atmospheric entry into a celestial bodies’ atmosphere is well known. The compressed and partially ionized species in the hot plasma in front of the spacecraft can block radio waves leading to a complete loss of communication with ground stations, data telemetry, and GPS...
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Arne K. te Nijenhuis (NLR - Royal Netherlands Aerospace Centre)24/07/2024, 12:15
For the next-generation of aircraft, cryogenic liquid hydrogen (LH2) is a front-running option for serving as propulsion fuel due to its high gravimetric energy density. However, significant advances in terms of LH2 storage and distribution need to be established to have LH2 as a viable option of aircraft propulsion fuel. Advanced thermal management of an LH2 tank is crucial, since boil-off...
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Hendrie Derking (Cryoworld BV)24/07/2024, 12:30
To reduce the environmental impact of aviation, liquid hydrogen has been identified as promising future aircraft fuel. The liquid hydrogen can be used directly in the combustion turbine engine or in a fuel cell in combination with an electric motor. While the first option still produces nitrogen oxides, the second option has the potential of zero-emission.
Many initiatives are ongoing to...
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Matteo Biassoni (INFN Milano-Bicocca (IT))24/07/2024, 12:30
CUORE is the world's largest bolometric experiment, featuring a detector comprised of 988 TeO2 crystals with a total mass exceeding 740 kg. Since 2017, CUORE has been collecting data at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, with the main goal of searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay (0nbb) of 130Te. This process is of paramount importance in particle physics due to its...
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Weijun Wang24/07/2024, 12:30
Increasing magnetic field intensity in limited space is an important strategy to obtain high parameter plasma and improve the fusion power. The next generation of fusion magnets will have a peak magnetic field greater than 17T, such as China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) central solenoid magnet. The development of high strength and high toughness jacket has become one of the...
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Matthieu Dalban-Canassy (Absolut System)24/07/2024, 12:45
Radio Blackout and extreme heat fluxes are critical problems occurring during spacecraft (re-)entry into planetary atmospheres. Both occur at the front surface of the spacecraft due to the compressed and partially ionized plasma. Both can be catastrophic for the mission with damages to the protection material due to heat or the complete loss of GPS data telemetry or communication with ground...
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Emna Abassi24/07/2024, 12:45
The European XFEL Free Electron Laser (EuXFEL) at DESY is operated at 2K since January 2017. The first laser light was produced in May 2017 while the user operation began in September 2017. The electrons are accelerated in pulses with a repetition rate of 10 Hz. Each pulse is about 1.37 ms long; 650 μs are used for beam acceleration.
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An R&D program is ongoing at EuXFEL and DESY to investigate... -
Klaus-Peter Weiss (KIT, Institute for Technical Physics)24/07/2024, 12:45
Within the framework of the “AppLHy!” pilot project, the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is investigating the transport and application of liquid hydrogen (LH2). Due to the advantages of LH2, such as high energy density, high purity, storage at low pressure and the possible facilitation of the available cryogenic temperature level, various application scenarios are being...
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Boyan-Kaloyanov Naydenov Popov (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
At its ttbar stage, FCC-ee is expected to require over 200 cryomodules housing 800 MHz bulk niobium superconducting radio frequency cavities operated at 2 K, and more than 60 cryomodules housing 400 MHz niobium-sputtered copper cavities operated at 4.5 K. The complexity, energy intensity, and scale of the associated cryogenic system requires a holistic design approach. Topics such as...
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Min Gao (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)24/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract. In previous research, we have developed a high frequency lightweight pulse tube cryocooler, which can obtain a cooling capacity of 10 W at 80 K at the operating frequency of 126 Hz and input power of 250 W. Recently, we further improved the performance of this pulse tube cryocooler by optimizing the phase shifters and changing the cold finger structure. In this paper, the parameters...
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Ziyao Liu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)24/07/2024, 14:00
A micro coaxial pulse tube cryocooler has been developed to meet the space application requirements of high operating temperature infrared detection. To optimize the cooling performance of the cryocooler, the experiments were designed to study the coupling between the compressor and the cold fingers. Driven by a double-piston opposed linear compressor with the mass less than 200 g, this...
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Adam Swanger (NASA Kennedy Space Center)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
In support of efforts related to the design of future industrial liquid hydrogen storage tanks, the Cryogenics Test Laboratory at NASA Kennedy Space Center has recently begun thermal performance characterization of various insulation systems in different gas background environments, including nitrogen, helium and hydrogen, using the Cryostat-100 (CS100) liquid nitrogen boiloff calorimeter. ...
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Yanen Li (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
The 40 K low-temperature environment is crucial for the operation of long-wave infrared detectors. To explore higher efficiency in 40 K cryocoolers, this paper designed and manufactured a single-stage 40 K pulse tube cryocooler. Through rigorous experimentation, we determined the optimal inertance tube and charging pressure for the cryocooler, subsequently subjecting it to performance testing....
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Dongsheng Ni (Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
To test the superconducting magnets for HIAF, CiADS and other scientific research projects, a new cryogenic test facility is under construction at IMP in Huizhou City. The cooling power of the refrigerator in this test facility is 500 W @ 4.5 K, the liquefaction capacity is 150 L/h. Three vertical test cryostats and three horizontal test benches are planned. The inner spaces of the three...
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Lingjiao Wei (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)24/07/2024, 14:00
To develop a long-wavelength infrared detector, a 40K pulse tube cryocooler is needed to provide reliable and low-noise cooling power. Traditionally, it is generally believed that to improve efficiency, a 40K pulse tube cryocooler needs to operate at around 40Hz. However, low frequency cryocoolers are heavier and are not preferred for use on satellites. In this paper, a lightweight pulse tube...
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175. A study of an LNG cold energy cascade utilization system coupled with liquid air energy storageZhaozhao Gao (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is considered an advantageous energy source in the current transition stage of energy structure reform due to its cleanliness and high quality. A large amount of high-grade cold energy is released in the process of LNG regasification. However, most of the LNG receiving stations in China fail to utilize LNG cold energy effectively in the actual operation process, and...
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Wang Zhiping24/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is one of lager scale energy storage method which may be widely used in a society with large percentage of photovoltaic (PV) and wind power. However, photovoltaic (PV) and wind power often located in remote areas in which the energy need is week, which lead to energy transportation is very important. Liquid hydrogen is a very efficient carrier to transport...
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Rong Bao (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
Carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites (CFRP) are widely used in cryogenic engineering due to their light weight, high strength and corrosion resistance. Practical applications often involve processing CFRP structural components with holes. However, the presence of these holes have an important effect on the overall mechanical properties of the material. In this study, we introduce...
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Biju T. Kuzhiveli (National Institute of Technology Calicut, India)24/07/2024, 14:00
Numerous studies are currently being carried out on a global scale to develop advanced technological solutions for Single Stage To Orbit (SSTO) and hypersonic flights. These technologies are highly demanding and challenging due to the technical requirements involved especially the design of the propulsion system for the spacecraft and aircraft. Synergetic engine, which uses Rocket Based...
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Shaoqi Yang (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
The sealing structure has a significant impact on the performance of high-pressure liquid hydrogen reciprocating pumps. Piston ring sealing is one of the significant sealing methods employed in such pumps. This paper establishes a leakage calculation model for the piston ring sealing structure in high-pressure liquid hydrogen reciprocating pumps. And the impact of different dimensions on the...
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Alisdair Douglas Seller (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
As part of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider Upgrade (HL-LHC) at CERN, new focusing quadrupoles, separation and recombination dipoles, and corrector magnets will be installed on either side of the ATLAS and CMS experiments. Specific cryostat designs were developed to allow for the operation of these magnets at 1.9K. A base design concept is progressed into 19 cryostat types to comply...
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Keyu Zhu (中国科学院高能物理研究所)24/07/2024, 14:00
Superconducting cavity is the key equipment of the superconducting accelerator, which provides higher acceleration voltage and higher frequency power per unit length, and saves equipment space. Superconducting cavities need to be gradually cooled from ambient temperature (300K) to the superconducting temperature (4.2K or below) during the test and operation. The temperature difference on the...
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Benjamin Straiton (Tech4Imaging)24/07/2024, 14:00
Mass flow rate is a critical measurement parameter when designing cryogenic hydrogen fluid systems. It is vitally important not only in custody transfer applications for calculating financial obligations but also in fundamental heat transfer research and fluid system design applications to optimize chill down performance, maintain thermal equilibriums, and provide feedback control for pumps...
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Felipe Huerta (Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile)24/07/2024, 14:00
Cryogens, such as liquefied natural gas or liquid hydrogen, are conventionally stored in highly insulated tanks. These tanks are susceptible to heat transfer from the surrounding environment. The temperature difference between the ambient air and the cryogen inside the tank drives this heat transfer, leading to cryogen heating and evaporation. As the cryogen continuously evaporates, the...
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Adalberto Ferreira Melo Fonotura (ESS ERIC)24/07/2024, 14:00
The Cryomodules are critical components in the European Spallation Source (ESS) accelerator, playing a crucial role in connecting spoke cavities to high-beta elliptical cavities in the SRF Linac. These Cryomodules provide the necessary environment for operating, Spoke (Spk) cavities, Medium-Beta (MBL) and High-Beta (HBL) elliptical cavities, which are responsible for accelerating protons from...
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Charles Jones (Infrared Laboratories)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
Hall sensors are commonly used as a non-contact way to relay positional data inside a cryostat to an external motion controller. However, cryogenic Hall sensors can be cost prohibitive and require peripheral electronics to interface with the motion controller. Here we contrast the accuracy and reliability of non-contact reed switches in cryogenic environments against the commercially available...
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Morena Angelucci (ENEA)24/07/2024, 14:00
The Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility (https://www.dtt-project.it/), currently in initial phase of construction at the ENEA Frascati Research Center, is designed to explore critical components of tokamak, such as the divertor, in plasma regimes that are relevant for ITER and DEMO (as far as power loads are concerned), and where plasma core and edge properties are fully integrated. To...
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Rui Ge24/07/2024, 14:00
High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a high-performance and high-energy synchrotron radiation light source with a beam energy of 6GeV and an ultra-low emittance of better than 0.06nm×rad. The HEPS is mainly composed of accelerator, beamlines and end-stations. The HEPS would provide the synchrotron beam with will brilliance higher than 1×1022 phs/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW. And the hard X-ray with photo...
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Delio Ramos (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
The superconducting system of the High Luminosity LHC project (HL-LHC) at CERN comprises a total of 38 new cold masses, prototypes and spares included, all requiring cryostats for magnet operation at 1.9 K. These cryostats shall ensure optimal thermal performance, as well as magnet alignment stability over the machine lifetime. Specific cold mass dimensions and a multitude of interfaces...
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lianyou Xiong (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)24/07/2024, 14:00
This study presents the design and commissioning process of a medium-scale hydrogen liquefaction plant of 1.5 tons of liquid hydrogen per day (TPD), utilizing a Helium Brayton refrigeration cycle augmented with Liquefied nitrogen pre-cooling.
The design involved comprehensive simulation and analysis to optimize the plant's performance. The specific energy consumption (SEC) of the plant was...
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Ziwu Li24/07/2024, 14:00
A cryogenic test platform has been designed and conceived for the research of forced cooling of Cable in Conduit Conductor (CICC) by superfluid helium. Main research object of this platform is to obtain the hydrothermal properties of the Cable in Conduit Conductor (CICC) when it is cooled by superfluid helium forced flow. The superfluid helium flow loop and the superfluid helium acquisition...
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583. Design of a moving magnet type free piston Stirling cryocooler for futuristic space applicationBiju T Kuzhiveli (National Institute of Technology Calicut)24/07/2024, 14:00
The usage of free-piston Stirling cryocoolers is increasingly prevalent in space technology, particularly to cool infrared sensors on satellites and space related devices. The distinctive characteristics of free-piston Stirling cryocoolers render them highly suitable for cooling these infrared sensors, primarily due to their effective and dependable cooling capabilities, which are crucial for...
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Suping Zhang (China Institute of Atomic Energy), hongji zhou24/07/2024, 14:00
GeV-class proton beam with an average power of several megawatts have many important applications in particle physics towards the intensity frontier, as well as in the accelerator driven subcritical system, and material science. In 2019, China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) proposed an isochronous FFAG conceptual design with capability of producing 2GeV/6MW CW proton beam. The main magnet...
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Tetsuhiro Obana (NIFS)24/07/2024, 14:00
A superconducting magnet for a rotating gantry has recently been developed to reduce the size and weight of the gantry which is the core equipment of the heavy ion radiotherapy system. The superconducting magnet consists of a saddle-shaped superconducting coil surrounded by an iron yoke. The weight of one superconducting magnet can reach several tons, with the iron yoke accounting for most of...
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Hrithik Krishna Raj, Pankaj Sagar (Cochin University of Science and Technology)24/07/2024, 14:00
Cryogenic liquid level sensors play a vital role in industries handling ultra-low temperature cryogens, including medical, aerospace, and energy sectors. Monitoring levels within cryogenic storage tanks is critical to prevent issues such as pressure buildup from overfilling, insufficient supply from underfilling, and temperature fluctuations. Depending on the precision required, level...
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Zhigang Zhu (Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
Cryopumps are used as the main pumps of cryo-vacuum systems in the Negative Neutral Beam Injectors (NNBI) test facility to pump gas to generate and maintain the vacuum gradient environment. To cool the cryopumps, a 1000 W@4.5K cryogenic system was built, which provides 4.5 K supercritical helium for cryopanels and 77 K liquid nitrogen for radiation baffles. The major cryogenic system...
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Jaroslaw Polinski24/07/2024, 14:00
One of the major components parts of the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) international accelerator facility currently being built at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt, Germany, will be the Heavy-Ion-Synchrotron SIS100. This machine will consist of 6 sectors housing few hundreds of superconducting magnets made of Nuclotron type cable, which is cooled...
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Fabio Merli (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
The High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project will require a new cryogenic system to cooldown the new superconducting components in the final focusing regions for the ATLAS and the CMS experiments. The existing magnets will be replaced with newly developed superconducting magnets that will operate in pressurized HeII at 1.9 K with a generated heat load of several...
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Qiyong Zhang (Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
As national major science and technology infrastructure, Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology（CRAFT) is being built by ASIPP. Cryogenic system is an important part of the research for superconducting magnets. ASIPP designed and developed a 1KW@4.5K helium cryogenic system to meet some cryogenic testing, such as a conductor performance research platform and a central solenoid...
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Stefan Hoell (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
The use of cryogenics plays a major role in the operation of modern high-energy accelerators and ensures the superconducting state of beam-guiding and focusing magnets. A profound understanding of the thermo-mechanical behavior of the structures and components is therefore crucial, particularly for the strain-sensitive Nb$_3$Sn-based superconducting coils. Inaccuracies in considering processes...
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Haocheng Wang (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
The cryogenic mechanical property tests of building elements are significant to ensure the safety of cryogenic-related buildings, such as LNG facilities, air separation plants, polar research station, etc. A cryogenic environment simulation chamber with large inside space, low temperature refrigeration and temperature control module is a key basic test facility for the construction of these...
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Bartosz Łoziński (KrioSystem Sp. z o.o.)24/07/2024, 14:00
HL-LHC (High Luminosity LHC) is an upgrade of the LHC accelerator that will achieve a significantly higher level of integrated luminosity than the original LHC assumptions. As a result of the HL-LHC project, about 150 meters of the accelerator will be completely replaced on both sides of the P1 and P5 collision points. This will require a new cryogenic distribution system, consisting of a...
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Jung-Gil Lee (KITECH)24/07/2024, 14:00
When a cryogenic cooling system is implemented, humidity control of the facility space is very important, and the input of latent heat energy due to condensation sometimes adversely affects the performance of the cryogenic freezer. The adsorbent-based dehumidification system to be developed in this study has the advantage of improving the cooling efficiency of the cryogenic freezer by...
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Sang-Gil Lee (IBS/RISP)24/07/2024, 14:00
The RAON heavy ion accelerator is a facility for finding rare isotopes through IF and ISOL and consists of a superconducting accelerator (SCL) and an experiment facility using accelerated beams. For the integration of various devices comprised of large scientific facilities, the RAON control system integrates distributed control systems using EPICS. A cryogenic system has been built for the...
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Attila Zsigmond Horváth (European Spallation Source)24/07/2024, 14:00
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is one of the largest science and technology infrastructure project being built in Sweden. Protons at 2 GeV (with a normal current of 62.5 mA) are delivered by a superconducting linear proton accelerator and are injected onto a rotating tungsten target at a pulsed repetition rate of 14 Hz. Neutrons via spallation reaction are moderated to cold and thermal...
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Tomohiro Yamada (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization)24/07/2024, 14:00
In the International Linear Collider (ILC) main linac, superconducting quadrupole (SCQ) magnets combined with dipole correctors, together with superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities, will be used to transport and accelerate electron and positron beams to the collision point. The SRF cavity accelerates the beam up to 125 GeV per side, the SCQ focuses the beam, and the dipole collectors...
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Ho-Myung Chang24/07/2024, 14:00
A thermal and hydraulic analysis is presented to highlight the importance of thermal contact between gas-cooled REBCO conductors in cryogenic stability. For compact and efficient HTS fusion magnets, a variety of conductors are under development to stack REBCO tapes in a rigid jacket. In accordance with the leading group, the conductors are cooled by forced-flow of gaseous helium around at...
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Sylvie Nicollet24/07/2024, 14:00
Previous studies performed for the JT-60SA TF Coils, have shown an important influence of the AC losses energy deposition, heat transfer from case to Winding Pack and cooling capacities, on the general current discharge behavior, in particular the helium pressure and temperature increase in the cooling loop.
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Some parametric studies have been performed with the Fast Assessment of Operating... -
Arvi Xhahi24/07/2024, 14:00
The ETpathfinder (ETPF) is a scaled prototype of the Einstein Telescope Gravitational Wave Observatory (ET), aimed at testing and refining the necessary technologies for gravitational wave detection. The ETPF utilizes two Fabry-Perot Michelson Interferometer arms with mirrors that are cryogenically cooled using liquid nitrogen (LN2). One of these arms requires additional cooling of its mirrors...
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Ryoya Sato (Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.)24/07/2024, 14:00
Pulse tube (PT) cryocoolers are a type of cryogenic refrigerator used to achieve ultra-low temperatures of approximately 4.2K. They are renowned for their low vibration characteristics during operation, as they lack an internal displacer, which is present in GM cryocoolers. As a result, PT cryocoolers are extensively utilized in various applications, including dilution refrigerators for...
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Wookyoung Kim (Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM))24/07/2024, 14:00
This study is performed to investigate the effect of the freezing phenomena in cryogenic liquid hydrogen vaporizer experimentally and theoretically. Whenever cryogenic fluid is used as the working fluid for heat exchanger, heat exchanger is exposed to the risk of freezing due to low temperature profile inside heat exchanger. To avoid the freezing phenomena inside heat exchanger, the flow and...
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Jiho Park24/07/2024, 14:00
A 1,300-liter-capacity liquid hydrogen (LH2) storage tank has been constructed and tested. The thermal insulation system of the LH2 storage tank is designed to have a boil-off rate (BOR) of 1.5 vol.%/day and a refrigeration system is introduced to achieve zero-boil-off (ZBO) of LH2. A two-stage GM-type pulse tube refrigerator (PT815, Cryomech) is utilized for...
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Johannes Doll (TU Dresden)24/07/2024, 14:00
In transfer stations for liquid helium, single-flow transfer lines are often used to transfer the liquid into a smaller mobile dewar. During this process, a considerable amount of the liquid evaporates due to heat leak and especially pressure losses in the transfer line. Regardless of the liquefier’s efficiency, this evaporation loss contributes to a significantly higher running time of the...
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Yanjie Liu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science)24/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract: With the rapid advancement of space technology, there is a continuous increase in demand for long-wave infrared detection devices, leading to higher requirements for two-stage pulse tube cryocoolers operating at liquid hydrogen temperatures. The performance of the cryocoolers is closely related to the inertance tube size. In order to improve a two-stage thermal-coupled pulse tube...
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Yu Zhang (Southern University of Science and Technology)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
Thermal switches are used in cryogenic systems to manage temperature, which helps in speeding up the cooling process. The convective heat switch is a thermal switch that controls the heat transfer between different components. Previously, we investigated a thermal switch of a novel structure using CFD methods and gained some helpful information for processing. In this research paper, we...
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Oscar Sacristan De Frutos (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
The determination of the thermal expansion of lightweight composite structures, such as honeycomb panels is of great interest for various high added value industries. However, those measurements are challenging, as they are typically not possible with with well-established methods due to their complex geometries. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using the Rayleigh...
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Michael Nagel24/07/2024, 14:00
The stellarator fusion device Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) consists of a vacuum vessel and 70 superconducting coils located within a vacuum-isolated cryostat. The coils generate the magnetic field that confined the high-temperature plasma and keeps it away from the first wall of the vacuum vessel. A thermal shield inside the cryostat protects the cold components from thermal radiation. A helium...
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Saurabh Kumar Singh (IIT Bombay)24/07/2024, 14:00
The cryogen evaporation rate is of prime concern in various industrial as well as research settings. Even with high insulation of cryogenic tanks, heat in-leak from ambient is unavoidable. The thermal characterisation of cryogenic fluids is quite important during their storage due to external heat inleaks. Due to their low viscosity, cryogens are prone to large liquid motions (sloshing) during...
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Nicolas Guillotin (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
The High Intensity and Energy ISOLDE (HIE-ISOLDE) enables the acceleration of medium to heavy radioactive isotopes at energies reaching 10 MeV per nucleon, a significant increase from the previous configuration limited to 2.8 MeV per nucleon. The journey towards this achievement involved a progressive deployment of radiofrequency cryo-modules starting in 2015. In 2018, the final configuration...
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Chuanjun Huang24/07/2024, 14:00
The development of cryogenic technology has greatly reduced the cost of large-diameter superconducting magnets and the difficulty of operation, making it possible for industrial fields. Our team has developed a large-diameter (room temperature aperture of more than 400 mm) superconducting magnet with direct-conduction cooling by a single GM refrigerator, which has improved the cooling...
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Elvina Gaisina24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
The Application of Liquid Hydrogen project (AppLHy) aims to investigate the combined transportation of liquid hydrogen as chemical energy carrier and the use of superconductors for efficient electrical energy transport in a hybride pipeline. It is crucial to evaluate material properties for the development of such a hybrid pipeline operating under cryogenic temperatures and exposure to liquid...
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Brian van Kuik (Brookhaven National Laboratory)24/07/2024, 14:00
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has been operating the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) for over 20 years. Superconducting magnet operations on RHIC rely on the stable operations of the Cryogenic Control System (CCS) to process and circulate 48,000 gallons of 4K helium supporting RHIC’s superconducting magnets. Over the years of RHIC operations, several subsystems requiring...
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jingjing dai (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
Chinese Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is considered to be one of the most ambitious fusion energy projects capable of producing large-scale nuclear fusion reactions, whose superconducting magnet system consists of the toroidal field (TF) coils, central solenoid (CS) coils and poloidal field (PF) coils. The modified N50 austenitic stainless steel has been determined to be applied as...
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Nicolas Vauthier (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
CERN cryogenic facilities have an extremely large quantity of temperature measurement points, most of them are performed by using non-removable sensors installed either in the fluid or in the insulation vacuum side of reservoirs or pipes; the mounting of these sensors, is standardized in most of CERN equipment and provide very reliable results.
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On the other hand, insertion thermometry is... -
Dong Jichao (Institute of Advanced Science Facilities, Shenzhen)24/07/2024, 14:00
In the accelerator cryogenic system, various sensors and instruments are used to measure important parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, liquid level, and heating power. These sensors and instruments are installed in valve boxes, pipelines, gas storage tanks, and accelerator modules. The data measured by these sensors and instruments is collected through PLC (Programmable Logic...
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Vicky Bayliss (Tokamak Energy)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 14: Cryogenic microelectronics, photonics, sensors and detectorsPoster Presentation (120m)
Tokamak Energy has completed a project to build our understanding of the performance of HTS coils under gamma radiation up to doses of 10MGy. A cryogenic HTS test rig was built to enable this, and testing was carried out at the Gamma Irradiation Facility at Sandia National Laboratories.
One of the key challenges of this unique experiment is instrumentation selection. Instrumentation on the...
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Zhenzhou Wang (Institute of Cryogenics, University of Southampton)24/07/2024, 14:00
Adopting hydrogen fuel has been recognised as a promising route to realise net-zero emission by academia, industry and government. It is challenging to most materials for storing and distributing liquid hydrogen at 20 Kelvin (K). While metallic materials have traditionally been considered for liquid hydrogen storage and distribution, recent discourse in both academia and industry, particularly...
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Wanyin Zhao (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
Epoxy resin is used to improve the mechanical properties, insulation properties and thermal conductivity of superconducting magnets. The second-generation high temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes have significant mechanical strength anisotropy due to their multi-layer structure. In the cooling process, stress concentration occurs between the layers due to the different cooling shrinkage...
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Benjamin Bradu (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) houses a very large inventory of helium (totalizing 150 tons, including the strategic operational reserve) which must be properly managed and secured in the event of a major power outage. This paper presents dynamic simulations of the LHC cryogenic system following such an event and analyzes the different possible scenarios with their consequences. The...
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Juan Casas-Cubillos (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
A flexible liquid helium level gauge has been developed to compensate lack of commercial availability to procure replacement level gauges for the LHC 1.8 K refrigeration unit cold box requiring an active measurement length of about 1 m. The main difficulty for manufacturing the level gauges is related to the insertion capillary requiring an overall length ranging from 1.75 m to 4.30 m. The...
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Marcos Turqueti24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 14: Cryogenic microelectronics, photonics, sensors and detectorsPoster Presentation (120m)
This study presents a novel charge amplifier design top operate cold (77K), tailored for amplifying signals originating from devices such as Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) and High Purity Germanium Detectors (HPGe), commonly employed in fundamental physics experiments. The distinctive feature of the proposed charge amplifier lies in its utilization of a front-end transistor fabricated from...
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Li Zhu (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
The cryogenic distribution system for the High Intensity Heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) under construction at IMP has about 146 m cryogenic transfer lines. These transfer lines will be installed between a distribution box on the surface and the connection valve boxes located 12.3 m underground in the tunnel. The transfer line consists of 28 sections. Due to space limitations the lines...
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Jad Benserhir24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 14: Cryogenic microelectronics, photonics, sensors and detectorsPoster Presentation (120m)
Static random-access memories (SRAMs) are commonly used in high access-rate applications due to their fast operation and compatibility with CMOS logic. Nevertheless, their significant power consumption and limited storage density render them impractical, particularly for cryogenic applications where power constraints hinder scalability. In contrast, dynamic random-access memories (DRAMs) can...
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356. MODERN VALVES FOR CRYOGENICS- DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS with FOCUS ON LIQUIFIED HYDROGEN and HELIUMLEIRE COLOMO ZULAIKA (AMPO POYAM VALVES)24/07/2024, 14:00
ABSTRACT- Oral Presentation
Modern Cryogenic Valves – design Considerations with focus on liquified Hydrogen and HeliumLeire Colomo, Ander Gabirondo 1)
1) AMPO Poyam Valves, ES- 20213 Idiazabal, Gipuzkoa, SpainCryogenics with the gases like helium, hydrogen and sometimes also with neon, nitrogen, or air gain today more attraction as enablers for new green technologies in the...
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Namitha Venugopal (Cochin University of Science and Technology), Pankaj Sagar (Cochin University of Science and Technology)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavities are critical components in particle accelerators, responsible for accelerating charged particles to high energies. Traditionally, these cavities use bulk niobium (Nb) due to its exceptional superconducting properties at cryogenic temperatures. However, limitations like localized defects can hinder performance by causing power absorption and abrupt...
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Brian Jones (UMC-Groningen PARTREC)24/07/2024, 14:00
The AGOR superconducting cyclotron at the Particle Therapy Research Center (PARTREC) in The Netherlands has been operational with its main coils kept continually at cryogenic temperatures since the mid-1990s. A Sulzer TCF50 Liquefier is used to supply liquid helium (LHe) to operate the cyclotron’s two superconducting main coils and two superconducting extraction channels. The extraction...
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Nassos Spetsieris (National Physical Laboratory)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
The aviation industry’s transition to using hydrogen as a sustainable fuel is undoubtedly pushing the boundaries when it comes to materials that can withstand the cryogenic temperatures that liquid hydrogen (LH2) must be sustained at. To develop such materials, it is imperative that testing and characterisation methods are fit-for-purpose and accurately measure the required properties at the...
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SUMIT KUMAR CHAND (Research Scholar)24/07/2024, 14:00
The present study focuses on the optimal design of a 1 T main magnet operated at 65 K consisting of second-generation (2G) high-temperature superconductor (HTS) tape wound in the shape of double pancake (DP) coils for Extremity Magnetic Resonance Imaging (E-MRI) scanners by using the population-based real-coded genetic algorithm (RGA). In the RGA, the minimum length of HTS tape consumption is...
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Maimuna Torsa Rafique (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)24/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract: Pulse tube (PT) cryocoolers are versatile systems which can be used, among other applications, for cooling sensors down to very low temperatures in order to increase their sensitivity through the strong reduction of the thermal background noise of measurements. Therefore, PT cryocoolers must be miniaturized and operate without bringing vibrations into the total system. Thus, the...
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Junxian Li (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
Liquefied natural gas (LNG), recognized as one of the cleanest fossil fuels, is currently the most rapidly expanding primary energy source, offering abundant cold energy during the gasification process. The integration of liquid air energy storage (LAES) with LNG cold energy utilization not only facilitates the efficient utilization of LNG cold energy but also enhances the energy efficiency of...
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Jakub Tabin (Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
Austenitic stainless steels (ASS) of AISI 304 (EN X5CrNi18-10), AISI 316L (EN X2CrNiMo17-12-2), AISI 316LN (EN X2CrNiMoN17-11-2) grades characterized by excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in a wide temperature range (4 K - 900 K). Thus, they find numerous applications in the automotive, aviation, nuclear and chemical industries as well as in space and superconducting...
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Koen Lotze (University of Twente)24/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
A gas-gap heat switch is a device of which the thermal conductance is controlled by regulating the pressure of a working gas in a gap between warm and cold surfaces. The on-state conductance is largely determined by the gap distance, and as such minimization of the gap is often a design objective. By pumping out the gas or adsorbing it onto a getter, there is virtually no conductivity through...
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ZHENG SUN (Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics)24/07/2024, 14:00
With the development of superconducting accelerator devices, higher requirements have been proposed for the quality factor Q0 of superconducting cavities to reduce the operational costs of cryogenic systems. Numerous studies have indicated that fast cooldown (FCD) of the cavity can generate significant temperature gradients on the surface, contributing to the expulsion of magnetic flux and...
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ZHENG SUN (Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics)24/07/2024, 14:00
The Dalian advanced light source (DALS) is a new FEL project based on SRF technology. The DALS test facility is used to test the key components of DALS, which requires a 370 W @ 2 K cryogenic system and is expected to be completed by end of this year. Dynamic simulation is often used in the cryogenic system process design and control logic optimization, it also plays a very important role in...
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Juan Casas-Cubillos (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
The LHC (Large Hadron Collider) upgrade (HL-LHC) at CERN, requires the procurement of 0-60 mbar absolute pressure sensors with an absolute accuracy of +/- 0.3 mbar and a radiation Total Integrated Dose (TID) that may reach 100 kGy. Unfortunately, commercial sensors with embedded electronics cannot be used due to the effort required for qualifying electronics for radiation environments. Such a...
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Douglas Valencon (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
The paper focuses on the qualification process employed to ensure the precision and reliability of radiation tolerant pressure sensors, originally developed to operate within the temperature range of -40°C to +125°C, in superfluid Helium for CERN cryogenic installations.
The initial stage of the qualification protocols took place at the CERN CryoLab facility. The qualification methodology...
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Yuwei Ge (Oxford Instruments NanoScience)24/07/2024, 14:00
Superconducting magnets play a key role in the search for dark matter particles such as axions. This application benefits from a large B2V factor within the magnet bore. A low B field region in close vicinity of the main magnet and a low temperature environment are also required for the detection. Oxford Instruments has developed a range of large bore superconducting magnet...
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Jianqin Zhang (European Spallation Source ERIC)24/07/2024, 14:00
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a neutron-scattering facility which will use a pulsed 2.0 GeV proton beam generated in the linear accelerator (LINAC) for releasing high-energy neutrons in the ESS target station. The 2K superconducting linac comprises 13 spoke and 30 elliptical cryomodules. The cryogenic distribution system (CDS) connects the cryogenic plant with the 43 cryomodules...
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Inmyung Park24/07/2024, 14:00
RAON (Rare isotope Accelerator complex for ON-line experiments) heavy ion accelerator can accelerate heavy ions with the superconducting cavities. Since superconducting cavities require superconductivity to accelerate ions, the cryogenic system has been developed and tested for cryogenic cooling and stable cryogenic environment (4 K, 2 K) of the cavities. Second full cool down of SCL3, one of...
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Junghyun YOO (Institute for Basic Science)24/07/2024, 14:00
Korean heavy ion accelerator (RAON) consists of two superconducting linear accelerators of which names are SCL3 and SCL2, respectively. We finished the first cool-down and the first beam commissioning of whole SCL3 section in 2023. In 2024, we conducted second cool-down of the SCL3. We successfully finished the second cool-down from ambient temperature to 4.5 K and 2.05 K for whole SCL3...
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Huan Chen (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry CAS)24/07/2024, 14:00
The helium isotope separation system based on cryogenic distillation represents a pivotal part in the purification of helium-3 (3He). In this study, we designed and simulated a cryogenic distillation column using the tridiagonal matrix algorithm. The liquid holdup and pressure drop for each theoretical stage were modeled using a general packed column model, with predictions based on known...
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Akanksha Apte (SLAC)24/07/2024, 14:00
SLAC commissioned a continuous-wave superconducting linear accelerator (CW SCRF Linac) in 2023 to support its new Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS-II). To refrigerate the Linac, SLAC has installed two helium cryoplants, each boasting a cooling capacity of 4 kW at 2.0 K. By 2023, SLAC completed the commissioning of both cryoplants. One cryoplant is currently supporting LCLS-II, while the other...
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Sumit Kumar Chand (Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India)24/07/2024, 14:00
Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based digital twins are increasingly utilized in scientific research applications, replacing Finite Element Method (FEM) models to save time and resources. These ANN models deliver rapid and accurate results comparable to the FEM models on which they are trained. Optimization, employing metaheuristic methods like the Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm...
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Xhesika Koroveshi (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT))24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
The Einstein Telescope (ET) is a third generation gravitational wave detector planned in Europe, combining a low-frequency (LF) and a high-frequency (HF) laser interferometer. Cryogenic operation of ET-LF in the temperature range of 10 K to 20 K is essential to suppress the suspension thermal noise, which dominates the detection sensitivity at
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frequencies below 10 Hz. This requires suspension... -
Nicola Magginetti24/07/2024, 14:00
Thermo-acoustic oscillations (Taconis oscillations) are the characteristic phenomenon for the cryogenic systems, where one end of the pipe is in continuous contact with the extremely cold process fluid and the second end of the pipe is directly exposed to the warm ambient temperature. As warmer fluid has the smaller density and therefore arises, the warm end is normally placed at the top and...
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Haiyang Liu (Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
In order to meet the demand for high-performance magnetic fields in extreme environments such as magnetic levitation trains, compared with traditional copper or permanent magnets, superconducting magnets with high current density can achieve light weighting of the overall system, which is of great significance for the safe operation and cost saving of high-speed magnetic levitation. In this...
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nn Dai (中国科学院理化技术研究所)24/07/2024, 14:00
The adsorption isotherms of helium on two kinds of activated carbon in the temperature-pressure range (4.5-77 K, 0.1 -1.0 MPa) have been measured with a cryogenic adsorption device. Most of the existing studies primarily focused on cryopumping or law pressure gas removal processes with very limited research specifically targeting helium isotope separation. Furthermore, all have used liquid...
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Yining Huang (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
Structural materials are often in a complex stress environment during cryogenic service. For example, superconductors and structures will be subject to support load, thermal residual stress, and electromagnetic force. Composites used for storing cryogenic liquids also bear with the joint action of the axial and radial load produced by internal high pressure. The complex stress state has a...
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Yang Yao24/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract—In order to enable the 90° curved Discrete Canted-Cosine-Theta (DCT) superconducting magnet for heavy ion Gantry to operate at low temperature normally, a 90° curved cryostat that can rotate on a rotating frame is developed. 18 voltage leads for quench detection and 7 temperature sensors for detecting temperature changes during cooling and excitation are arranged into the...
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Weiyu Qiao24/07/2024, 14:00
A superconducting heavy ion therapy device is developing in Lanzhou, and its gantry and synchrotron require curved superconducting magnets to reduce size. To cool and test the performance of superconducting magnets by horizontal placement, a horizontal testing cryostat was designed for the curved superconducting magnet of the heavy ion therapy device. A superconducting magnet is a Discrete...
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Yanjie Liu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 14:00
Regenerator is an important part in regenerative cryocoolers, which is the main part to provide cooling power through the heat exchange of the helium and the matrix inside that. When the temperature is below 20 K, the specific heat capacity of the helium increases and exceeds that of the stainless steel, which limits the process of heat transfer in the regenerator and limit the increase of the...
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Vittorio Parma (CERN)24/07/2024, 14:00
The first step of the Future Circular Collider (FCC), under study in the framework of an international collaboration led by CERN, features a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), optimised to study with high precision the Z, W, Higgs and top particles over a period of about 15 years starting from 2047.
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Beams of electrons and positrons will have to be accelerated over... -
513. Theoretical and experimental study of a two-stage coaxial type Stirling pulse tube refrigeratorChushu Fang24/07/2024, 14:00
The Stirling pulse tube refrigerator is regarded as one of the development directions of space refrigerators due to its advantages of no moving parts at the cold end, low vibration, light mass and long life. The Stirling pulse tube refrigerator in the liquid hydrogen temperature region, as the front refrigerator of the pulse tube refrigerator in the liquid helium temperature region, will have...
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Susiri Costa (The University of Melbourne)24/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) is emerging as a high potential energy storage medium in the accelerating Hydrogen economy to achieve net zero targets by 2050. LH2 possesses the advantage of high volumetric energy density compared to compressed gaseous Hydrogen. However, currently LH2 usage is restricted by both production and storage issues. Scalability and constructability limitations, capital cost...
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Dipanshu Bansal (Indian Institute of Technology Bombay)24/07/2024, 14:00
Cryocooler-based conduction cooling has gained traction in replacing liquid He baths for cooling in applications such as superconducting radiofrequency cavities owing to their compact design and simplified construction. Conduction cooling near room temperature is also being explored for dissipating heat from electronic chips. One of the primary governing factors in conduction cooling is...
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Shixian Wu (Zhongshan Institute of Advanced Cryogenic Technology)24/07/2024, 14:00
The heat leakage of cryogenic equipment is primarily attributed to multilayer insulation and solid heat conduction at a macroscopic level. However, there has been limited research on optimizing solid heat transfer. Traditionally, the design criterion for materials subjected to cryogenic temperatures has been based on their yield strength or ultimate tensile strength at room temperature due to...
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Liancheng Xie24/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 15: Cryogenic materials and devices testing, methods and standardsPoster Presentation (120m)
Abstract: The serrated yielding (discontinuous plastic flow, DPF) of metallic materials at cryogenic temperatures has always been a research hotspot in the field of plastic deformation of cryogenic-temperature materials, with this topic typically confined to phenomenological theory. This study simulated the cryogenic-temperature dislocation glide and vacancy diffusion by establishing a...
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Lingxi Ye (IHEP)24/07/2024, 14:00
Hundreds of 650 MHz superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities with ultrahigh intrinsic quality factor (Q0) and accelerating gradient (Eacc) will be adopted for CEPC, which are obtained during vertical test at 2.0 K. In order to meet the demand for low-temperature testing of materials and bulk testing of SRF cavities, the vertical test stand of Platform of Advanced Photon Source ( PAPS)...
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Hendrie Derking (Cryoworld BV)24/07/2024, 16:00
The demand for small quantities of liquid hydrogen available at any time for testing of equipment and technologies for liquid hydrogen applications is growing. Therefore, several initiatives have started to develop a small-scale hydrogen liquefier with a liquefaction capacity in the range of 1 to 10 kg/day. The EHLAS (Economic Hydrogen Liquefaction And Storage) project is one of them and aims...
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Alexander Molodyk (Faraday Factory Japan)24/07/2024, 16:00
Faraday Factory Japan (FFJ) has established the world’s largest facility for manufacturing of 2G HTS tape and is ready to further expand production capacity with anticipated demand growth. At present, the factory capacity exceeds 1,000 km of 12 mm wide tape per year (or 3,000 km of 4 mm wide tape).
Over more than a decade on the 2G HTS tape market, the selling price of FFJ HTS tape halved...
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Koen Lotze (University of Twente)24/07/2024, 16:00
The Einstein Telescope is a proposed ground-based third-generation gravitational wave observatory. The extreme sensitivity with which current second-generation gravitational observatories have measured gravitational waves is to be improved even further. One of the ways in which this is achieved is by cooling down the mirrors of the interferometers. Brownian noise, mainly originating from the...
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Neil Lamas24/07/2024, 16:15
In the initial design phase of the Future Circular Collider (FCC), concerns arose regarding high beam impedance coupling of the inner walls, posing a risk of destabilizing the particle beam due to high image current. To address this challenge, a collaborative effort with CERN led to the development of a REBCO coating process that preserves their low surface impedance [1].
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This endeavor... -
Younesse Maaizi (Absolut System)24/07/2024, 16:15
Based on its expertise in cryogenics and on its experience with more than 50 cryostats in operation, ABSOLUT SYSTEM has developed an industrial liquefier system of hydrogen, for applications up to 50kg of liquid hydrogen per day. The liquefier uses Cryomech cold heads, a well-known technology at Absolut System, which is a distributor of this hardware and which ensures its maintenance.
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The... -
Toshiya Nagai (SHI)24/07/2024, 16:15
GM-JT (Gifford-McMahon-Joule-Thomson) cryocooler systems consist of GM cryocooler for pre-cooling and JT cryocooler system. GM-JT cryocooler systems have the cooling capacity of several GM or PT cryocooler systems by combination of GM and JT cryocoolers. This leads to better power consumption (efficiency), footprint, and maintenance costs for the customer's system.
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Last November, SHI released... -
Takanobu Kiss (Kyushu University)24/07/2024, 16:30
With the progress of applications such as compact nuclear fusion reactors and power devices using high temperature superconducting wires, the need for REBCO coated conductors (CCs) is increasing, and manufacturing of the REBCO CCs is shifting to mass production stage. On the other hand, the combination of process parameters in the REBCO CC manufacturing is diversified, and it is still...
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Minchang Kim (Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials)24/07/2024, 16:30
As the hydrogen mobility market has grown in recent years, liquid hydrogen fueling stations, which are capable of delivering higher amounts of hydrogen than gaseous hydrogen fueling stations, have attracted increasing attention. Liquid hydrogen fueling stations include evaporation systems that convert liquid hydrogen into gas and heat it up to the right temperature. For normal operation, the...
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Maria Chioteli (CERN)24/07/2024, 16:30
This paper presents a novel cryogenic cooling method for Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavities, utilizing a cold helium flow passed through a brazed capillary for their cooling. Such novel and drastically reduced helium content cooling scheme can be applied to a wide variety of superconducting cavities, and it has many advantages compared to the traditional cooling method of SRF...
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Thomas Just (Technische Universität Dresden)24/07/2024, 16:45
Thermal stratification is of major concern in the design of cryogenic liquid storage vessels. In closed (isochoric) storage systems, a developing thermal stratification leads to higher pressure increase rates compared with isothermal conditions and therefore to premature boil-off losses. The development of a thermal stratification is a consequence of non-uniform distribution of the heat inleak...
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Chiheng Dong (Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences)24/07/2024, 16:45
Iron-based superconductors (IBS) are promising candidates for high-field applications not only because of their advanced superconducting properties but also due to the cost-effective powder-in-tube method. While IBS tapes have achieved high critical current density (J$_c$) above J$_c$(4.2 K, 10 T)=2×10$^5$ A/cm$^2$, improving the J$_c$ of round wires has been challenging. Here, we fabricated...
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Xinglong Guo (Suzhou Bama Superconductive Technology Co., Ltd)24/07/2024, 16:45
Magnetic compensation of gravity allows for ground-based experiments to be carried out under weightless conditions at reasonable cost and without the time limitation of systems such as zero-g airplanes or drop towers. In this paper a superconducting magnet for gravity compensation is described. The magnet warm bore diameter is 380mm and the center field is 2T. The magnet is comprised by nine...
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Hongyu Lv (Xi’an Jiaotong University)24/07/2024, 17:00
An excellent insulation performance can promote the development of liquid hydrogen (LH2) due to its characteristics of easy evaporation. To improve the storage efficiency of LH2 and further enhance the performance of multilayer insulation structure (MLI), an experimental setup has been designed and fabricated based on the evaporation calorimetry to test the performance of MLIs. Thermodynamic...
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Guillaume Campagna (CEA Paris Saclay)24/07/2024, 17:00
Within the framework of the study of future high-energy particle colliders, high-field (15-16 T) Nb3Sn magnets are being developed. These magnets are usually impregnated using epoxy resin with glass fiber to provide electrical insulation and mechanical support to the conductor.
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However, several phenomena are often observed: first, the high-stress conditions applied during pre-load, cool-down,... -
Xing Xiao (Huazhong University of Science and Technology)24/07/2024, 17:00
Abstract: Joule-Thomson (J-T) effect is pivotal in refrigeration applications spanning a broad spectrum of temperature ranges. Miniature open-cycle J-T cryocoolers stand out for their remarkable cooling speed, capable of fast cooling from room temperature to 100 K within mere seconds. This rapid cooling capability renders them ideal for addressing immediate and transient cooling requirements,...
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Carolin Zoller (Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI))24/07/2024, 17:15
For the cooling of new superconducting components, cryocoolers are increasingly favored over traditional immersion bath cooling. The efficient thermal connection between superconducting elements, like coils, and cryocoolers is vital for the system performance. Pulsating Heat Pipes (PHPs) utilize two-phase flow to transfer heat from a warmer evaporator section to a colder condenser part using...
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Arif Hussain24/07/2024, 17:15ICMC 07: Superconductor Stability, Propagation and Quench ProtectionPoster Presentation (120m)
REBCO superconducting coils for aircraft propulsion motors boost magnetic flux density and output power which in turn improves the power-over-weight ratio. However, self-heating which can be due to either an AC current or a short-circuited DC voltage could cause thermal quench in HTS stator coils. Therefore, it is needed to analyze the complex interactions between electromagnetic phenomena and...
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Thomas Just (Technische Universität Dresden)24/07/2024, 17:15
A key challenge of designing cryogenic hydrogen fuel systems for future zero emission mobility is the reduction of the overall system weight by using lightweight engineering. Especially in the context of aviation, fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite materials (FRT) are considered as alternative construction materials for fuel line systems. However, permeation of hydrogen through FRT is...
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Ona Mola Bertran (ICMAB - CSIC)24/07/2024, 17:30ICMC 05: Thin films, multilayers, electronics, materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
High costs have hindered the practical use of REBCO coated conductors, despite their promising properties for a wide range of applications. A potential way for lowering the costs is by increasing the growth rate of the superconducting material while keeping high critical current density values [1]. The novel high throughput growing method Transient Liquid Assisted Growth (TLAG) [2,3] is...
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Sandra Pérez Barrio (Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Departamento de Cargas Útiles Espaciales, Área de Ingeniería Termo Mecánica)24/07/2024, 17:30
In the design of a cryostat, the characterization of their cryocoolers is critical for vibration-sensitive applications. These components are used for achieving and maintaining low temperatures. In this work, the characterization of the PT410 pulse tube cryoocoler through modal and microvibration testing has been conducted.
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Modal testing was conducted to examine the natural frequencies and... -
Swapan Chandra Sarkar (CENTRE FOR RURAL & CRYOGENIC TECHNOLOGIES, JADAVPUR UNIVERSITIES, KOLKATA-700032,INDIA)24/07/2024, 17:30
Abstract
The post-harvest losses of agricultural produce in India are as high as 40% compared to about 2 % in the UK. Fresh perishable crops contain 65 to 95 % water when harvested and are at risk of spoilage due to microbial activity, water loss, and higher respiration and sprouting under ambient conditions for a long time. Hence there is a need to preserve agricultural produce by...
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Paul HILLIERE (Absolut System)24/07/2024, 17:45
To improve the precision and the efficiency of cancer treatment, a new kind of radiotherapy using ions carbon is under development in France. This project called C400, involved a 400 Mev/u cyclotron composed of a 15 tons supraconducting magnet cooling by a 470 L liquid helium bath.
In order to cool down of the magnet from 300 K, Absolut System designed, manufactured and tested a high...
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Peng Xu (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)24/07/2024, 17:45
Porous thermal insulation materials, such as polyurethane foam, glass wool or glass fiber, have been widely used in the field of cryogenic storage and transportation systems. In situations where cracks or holes occur in the package wall layer, the stored cryogenic liquid will leak and penetrate into the porous media. The liquid evaporates and diffuses in the porous media and absorbs a large...
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Aisha Saba (CERN)24/07/2024, 17:45
CERN is developing high-current superconducting links (SC-Links) to power the superconducting magnets of the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). These SC-Links consist of up to 120 m long magnesium-diboride (MgB2) cables containing multiple insulated circuits and feature a total DC capability of up to 120 kA at a temperature of 20 K. The MgB2 cables are spliced on...
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Swapnil Shrishrimal (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)25/07/2024, 09:00
The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory's upgrade to the LCLS-II, featuring a 4 GeV superconducting linear accelerator with 37 cryomodules and two extensive helium refrigeration systems supporting 4 kW at 2.0 K, represents a significant advancement in accelerator technology. Central to this upgrade is a sophisticated 2K system with five stages of centrifugal cold compressors, operating across...
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Nathaniel O'Connor (MIT Lincoln Laboratory)25/07/2024, 09:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsRegular Oral (15m)
Cryogenic refrigerators can be broadly classified as either continuous flow machines or oscillating flow machines. The acoustic expander is a new hybrid approach that combines the best aspects of these two machines. Globally, the working fluid moves continuously through the recuperative heat exchanger of the cycle while locally the working fluid oscillates in the acoustic expander. This...
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Michael Berens (Glenair GmbH)25/07/2024, 09:15
Cryogenic space missions with extremely low temperature experiments such as Herschel, Ariel and Athena present unique challenges on cable assemblies in order to connect electrical devices in a temperature range down to a few millikelvin with those at room temperature. Similar demands are encountered in earthbound telescopes such as ALMA, ELT, and VLT, where large temperature variations...
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Peng Gao (Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 09:15
High-field magnets play a crucial role in various research fields, contributing to the exploration of material properties under extreme conditions and advancing knowledge in biology, chemistry, geology, and more. The Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) project aims to establish a comprehensive laboratory with functionalities related to superconducting materials, AC...
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Xiujuan XIE (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 09:15ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsRegular Oral (15m)
Liquid hydrogen piston pumps are widely used for transferring liquid hydrogen due to their low investment, low power consumption and high flow rate. To maintain high efficiency in working condition, it is essential to prevent internal leakage. Labyrinth seals, which are a form of non-contact sealing, have a simple structure, low wear and allow for thermal deformation. They are not limited by...
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Zixin Zhang25/07/2024, 09:30ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsRegular Oral (15m)
With the growing demand for compact and large-capacity cryogenic refrigerators nowadays, large-temperature-span cryogenic heat exchangers (HX), as the key and bulky components, are studied to achieve performance and volume advantage. The printed circuit heat exchangers (PCHE) are supposed to a promising candidates for compact HX for their lower resistance, and flexible design, which have been...
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Eberhard Rosenthal (Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics – Engineering and Technology (ZEA-1))25/07/2024, 09:30
At ZEA-1 we develop, build and operate, among other things, cryostats for scientific applications to liquefy gases such as hydrogen, e.g. with variable ortho para content for the moderation of neutrons. Further areas of application include Raman spectroscopy and particle image velocimetry (PIV) with cryogenic liquids, testing and calibration of sensors and actuators at cryogenic temperatures...
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Shanaka Baduge (The University of Melbourne)25/07/2024, 09:45
In-situ mechanical property testing of materials at cryogenic temperatures is critical for the advancement of cryogenic engineering. Liquid hydrogen is emerging as a promising hydrogen storage and transportation medium to ensure the global decarbonization process. The development of liquid hydrogen infrastructure to meet the anticipated surge in demand necessitates a thorough exploration of...
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Guoliang Li (Zhejiang University)25/07/2024, 09:45
Superfluid helium (He II) serves as a crucial refrigerant for cooling superconducting resonators, enabling the attainment of remarkably high acceleration gradients in particle accelerators. The presence of quantum vortices in He II attenuates second sound waves and influences heat transfer. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the attenuation of second sound waves by quantum vortices...
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Tripti Sekhar Datta (Indian Institute of Technology. Kharagpur. India)25/07/2024, 10:00
Abstract. A short circuit test set up is used to generate a fault with a specific number of cycles at input AC voltage of 20, 40 & 60 on a specific length of HTS tape immersed in liquid nitrogen. The fault current characteristics at 78 K by using copper and SS laminated HTS tape were measured at different operating voltage and with variable no of cycles. The voltage, current and temperature...
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Yihan Tian (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 10:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsRegular Oral (15m)
Compared with the traditional standard orifice flowmeter, the perforated plate balanced flowmeter has a more stable flow field and a lower pressure loss, making it more suitable for measuring low-temperature fluids, such as liquid methane, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen and so on. In this study, a calculation model of the perforated plate balanced flowmeter is established. The simulation...
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Jaroslaw Polinski (Wroclaw University of Science and Technology)25/07/2024, 10:15ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Large scientific facilities make extensive use of cold helium in different thermodynamic states for cryostating of superconducting cavities or magnets. The helium is supplied to cryomodules by cryogenic distribution system which may contain tens of valve boxes and hundreds of cryogenic valves. Cryogenic control valves are considered as a critical part of every cryogenic distribution system not...
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Matt Charleston (Tech4Imaging, LLC)25/07/2024, 10:15
Microgravity mass gauging has gained increasing importance in recent years due to the acceleration in planning for long term space missions as well as in-space refueling & transfer operations. It is of particular importance with cryogenic propellants where periodic tank venting maneuvers and leak detection place a special emphasis on accurate mass gauging. Several competing technologies have...
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André Chatel (EPFL - STI IEM - LMIS1)25/07/2024, 10:15
Abstract
In the last decades, the precise control of ultra-low temperature environments has turned out to be of primary importance for the development of novel cryogenic applications. As a matter of fact, the accurate monitoring of temperatures well below 10 K is crucial for preserving the quantum properties of superconducting and spin qubits [1-2]; moreover, recent...
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Loic Jeunesse (Campus Technologies Grenoble)25/07/2024, 11:00
Over the last few years, a number of projects dedicated to the full scale demonstration of cryogenic H2 systems for clean mobility have been successfully carried out at Air Liquide’s Campus Technologies Grenoble (ex-ALaT), in Sassenage (France). Those pioneering prototypes have been designed and operated together with world class industry leaders, and pave the way towards a realistic, cost...
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Karin Canderan (CERN)25/07/2024, 11:00ICEC 07: Cryogenic Applications: power application and power transmission linesRegular Oral (15m)
The RF fundamental power coupler (FPC) in SRF accelerating systems can have a major contribution to the cryogenic power consumption. In the framework of the FCC feasibility study, the focus on the energy saving is of primary importance given the size of the machine, with 264 cavities at 400MHz and 488 cavities at 800MHz for the collider, and 600 cavities at 800MHz for the booster, at the ttbar...
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Jiuce Sun (ShanghaiTech University)25/07/2024, 11:00
The Shanghai high repetition rate x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) and extreme light facility (SHINE), a quasi-continuous wave hard XFEL facility, is currently under construction. The superconducting accelerators of SHINE require cryogenic cooling at 2 K for cavities, 5 K for cold interception, and 40 K for thermal shields, respectively. In this paper we present the overview and recent...
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Sebastian Eisenhut25/07/2024, 11:15
The increased demand for hydrogen as an energy vector and storage medium results in a constantly growing need for higher liquefaction capacity. However, the design of the required ortho-parahydrogen converters is currently subject to major uncertainty. The data on the activity of the current standard catalyst hydrous ferric oxide, commercially available as “Ionex-Type O-P Catalyst” (Ionex) by...
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Friederike Boehm25/07/2024, 11:15ICEC 07: Cryogenic Applications: power application and power transmission linesRegular Oral (15m)
In Munich, Germany, a 15 km long superconducting power cable is planned to provide a high-power connection within the 110 kV network. To ensure safe and economic operation, efficient liquid nitrogen re-cooling stations are needed at several points along the cable. Within the SuperLink research project, next generation cooling systems for such operations are being developed.
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As an alternative... -
Junjie Teng (Zhejiang University)25/07/2024, 11:30
Ortho-para hydrogen catalytic conversion stands as a pivotal process in hydrogen liquefaction. Continuous conversion, the most energy-efficient, is realized by placing catalysts inside channels of heat exchangers. Experimental data is significant to reveal the underlying mechanism of thermal-flow-conversion process and optimize the conversion process, which is still lacking in the accessible...
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Xinbo Dong (Institute of Advanced Science Facilities, Shenzhen (IASF))25/07/2024, 11:30
Shenzhen Superconducting Soft-X-ray Free Electron Laser (S3FEL), located at Shenzhen, China, aims to construct a new light source that can generate high brightness X-Ray pulses between 40 eV and 1 keV at repetition rate up to 1 MHz. The S3FEL is based on superconducting accelerator technology comprised of 25 cryomodules (CMs) operating at 2 K temperature with 5 K thermal intercept circuit and...
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Jiuce Sun (ShanghaiTech University)25/07/2024, 11:30
Thermal performance of the cryogenic transfer line with long distance and multi-channels is crucial to the efficiency of large helium cryogenic systems built for Shanghai high repetition rate x-ray free electron laser and extreme light facility (SHINE). We have performed several tests to measure the thermal performance of the cryogenic transfer lines developed and optimized for SHINE. The...
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Yixuan Teng (Zhejiang University)25/07/2024, 11:45
The structured packing is one of the core internals in the cryogenic distillation column. In the past, testing and development of packings were mostly based on ambient hydraulics and fluids, which may deviate considerably from actual cryogenic testing. Therefore, it is necessary to reveal the falling film flow characteristics of cryogenic fluid on the surface of structured packing and study...
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Shuai Zhang (Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 11:45
This paper presents the commissioning progress of the first accelerator cryoplant for Shanghai high repetition rate x-ray free electron laser and extreme light facility (SHINE). To fulfill the cooling needs for the superconducting cavities in the SHINE accelerator, three cryogenic plants were contracted to Air Liquide Advanced Technologies (ALAT) in 2020. Each cryoplant could provide 4 kW...
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Gen Ariyoshi (Japan Atomic Energy Agency)25/07/2024, 11:45
In the neutron scattering experiments using MW-class pulsed neutron sources, specific pulse shape characteristics, such as high intensity, narrow pulse width and short tail etc., are required. Such pulsed neutrons are typically generated by moderating spallation neutrons using liquid hydrogen. Liquid hydrogen is known as a unique moderator material for the neutrons. However, there are two...
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Masakazu Nozawa25/07/2024, 12:00
Cryopreservation technique of living tissue and cells is used in long term storage and transportation. Human ES / iPS cells could be useful in regenerative medicine. During cryopreservation of human ES cells, there is a problem that the survival rate after freezing and thawing process is low compared with mouse ES cells. The survival rate of these cells after cryopreservation process...
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Bastien Dassonneville25/07/2024, 12:15
Low-field (<10mT) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) opens the possibility to perform medical imaging at a fraction of the cost of conventional MRI. As signal vanishes with lower applied magnetic field, it becomes necessary to use an ultra-sensitive and ultra-low noise detector to acquire medically relevant images in a reasonable time. Thanks to their exceptional noise performances,...
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Anas A. Rahman (Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering)25/07/2024, 12:15
Nowadays, storage of liquid hydrogen (LH2) has become a promising solution to many energy applications compared to conventional fuels. However, self-pressurization phenomenon due to heat leakage into LH2 tanks still represents a bottleneck for its development. Accordingly, accurate prediction of the pressure evolution of LH2 is of great importance and urgent requirement for safe storage,...
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Hideki Tatsumoto (European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS))25/07/2024, 12:30
At the European Spallation Source (ESS), a 5 MW beam of 2.0 GeV proton with a nominal current of 62.5 mA driven by an accelerator will impact a tungsten wheel target at a repetition rate of 14 Hz and a pulse length of 2.86 ms. The fast neutrons produced via spallation process are reduced to cold and thermal neutrons of lower energy levels by passing through a thermal water pre-moderator and,...
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Ernst Wolfgang Stautner (GE HealthCare – Technology & Innovation Center, Niskayuna, USA)25/07/2024, 12:30
While the search for novel superconductors toward higher current carrying capacities and lower transport losses in different types of superconducting wires continues, so far, there is no record of any “liquid superconductor”.
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Superfluid helium, however, “conducts” heat without thermal resistance due to its very high thermal conductivity below its Lambda transition point.
For superconducting... -
David Montanari (Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (US))25/07/2024, 12:30
The Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) will host the Far Detectors of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), an international multi-kiloton Long-Baseline neutrino experiment that will be installed about a mile underground in Lead, SD. Detectors will be located inside four cryostats filled with almost 70,000 metric tons of ultrapure liquid argon, with a level of impurities...
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Tiziano Baroncelli (CERN)25/07/2024, 12:45
The CERN Neutrino Platform contributes to a globally coordinated programme of neutrino research. This international effort entails the development of state-of-the-art cryogenic systems in support of large-scale, liquid argon Time Projection Chamber detectors (TPC).
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The DarkSide-20k experiment represents the first significant step for the development of the future generation of larger liquid... -
Rajiv Sharma (Institute for Plasma Research)25/07/2024, 12:45
At IPR, in Steady State Superconducting Tokamak (SST-1), cryogenic division have two sections, one is 4.2 K and other 77 K temperature that is used for cooling of superconducting magnet material coils and for reduction of heat loads etc. The working at cryogenic temperature and high pressure environment is drastically different than working at room temperature, the material behaviour, its...
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Xinyuan Liu (Zhongshan Institute of Advanced Cryogenic Technology)25/07/2024, 12:45
The large-scale storage of liquid hydrogen allows efficient and inexpensive hydrogen energy utilization. Conventional liquid hydrogen storage tanks commonly adopt a high vacuum double-shell spherical configuration, as observed in the tanks used by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Port of Kobe. However, this kind of tank faces load distribution challenges,...
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Minsub Jeong25/07/2024, 14:00
Transporting cryogens, particularly for cryogenic propellant fueling, through pipelines from a storage tank is an indispensable process for undertaking a stable cryogenic mission. When cryogenic liquids are introduced into flow components at ambient temperature, they are bound to encounter vigorous two-phase instabilities including boiling and evaporation. The preliminary step of lowering the...
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Gracia Kim (Quantum Mass Metrology Group, Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science (KRISS))25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 08: Cryogenic applications: quantum systems and materialsPoster Presentation (120m)
In this study, we present a comprehensive overview of gravity measurement method utilizing SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) at cryogenic temperatures, along with the associated equipment. The measurement of gravity is an exceptionally delicate process, susceptible to real-time changes influenced by environmental factors. Therefore, a highly stable and high-resolution...
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Hitensinh Vaghela, Nitin Shah, Parthasarathi Ghosh25/07/2024, 14:00
Thermo-physical and transport properties of fluids at cryogenic temperature deviate significantly from their room temperature properties. The cryogenic fluid properties like density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity, etc. show non-linear behavior at supercritical regions. Hydrogen, Helium, and Neon being a quantum fluid do not follow the laws of corresponding states and require...
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Liguo Wang (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00
A helium isotope separation system has been established which consisted of a 2K cryostat and a cryogenic separation device with an entropy filter. The 2K cryostat could reach 1.5K, providing a low-temperature environment for the separation device especially the entropy filter. The entropy filter, the core component of the cryogenic separation device, was made of Al2O3 powder which could...
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Ziyao Liu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)25/07/2024, 14:00
The 3He Joule-Thomson (JT) cryocooler utilizes the JT effect of 3He to typically achieve the temperature of below 2 K. When the 3He JT cryocooler obtains the temperature of below 2 K, the working fluid at the JT impedance must be in a choked state, which means the Mach number of working fluid at the JT impedance is 1. The working fluid behind the JT impedance at this situation is two-phase...
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Benjamin Steele (Chase Research Cryogenics Ltd)25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 08: Cryogenic applications: quantum systems and materialsPoster Presentation (120m)
Experiments to characterise the physical, chemical and electrical properties of superconducting materials and electronics often require measurements to be made at a number of fixed temperature values within a desired cryogenic temperature range. Temperature-controlled cold tables working in the range 4 to 300K are widely available, however the technology used in these systems is not directly...
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Jin Zhen Wang (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS), Jihao Wu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00
A helium liquefication process utilizing a turbine Brayton refrigerator instead of liquid nitrogen is proposed as the pre-cooling stage, and a thermodynamic system cycle flow is built up. Turbine Brayton refrigeration has the advantages of high efficiency, low maintenance costs, contact-free, and low noise. The closed-cycle Turbine Brayton refrigerator applied in the pre-cooling stage of...
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Dong Eun Kim (LS ELECTRIC Co., Ltd.)25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 07: Cryogenic Applications: power application and power transmission linesPoster Presentation (120m)
Recently, the increasing domestic power demand has led to an expansion of power facilities, resulting in a decrease in system impedance and subsequently causing an increase in fault currents. These fault currents surpass the interrupting capacity of conventional circuit breakers, leading to significant economic losses due to equipment malfunctions and damages. Although solutions like circuit...
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Suzanne Dang (Absolut System)25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 08: Cryogenic applications: quantum systems and materialsPoster Presentation (120m)
The study of heat transfer in conduction cooled current leads and digital electronic interconnects is of vital importance during the design of cryogenic electronic systems where the cost of cooling increases exponentially as temperature decreases. It is a thermally complex problem that combines heat transfer due to conduction between the hot and cold ends of the leads, as well as the Joule...
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Jingyu Li (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China), zhongjun Hu (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)25/07/2024, 14:00
Liquefaction or refrigeration cycle with helium as working medium was the main thermodynamic process in large-scale cryogenic engineering. In the process of realizing thermodynamic cycle, helium compressor and expander were two core moving parts, which play the roles of providing power and expanding refrigeration respectively. Helium compressor had experienced the evolution process of piston...
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Attila Zsigmond Horváth (European Spallation Source)25/07/2024, 14:00
The European Spallation Source (ESS) will provide long-pulsed cold and thermal neutron fluxes at exceptionally high brightness. Spallation neutrons generated at a rotating tungsten target are transformed into lower-energy cold and thermal neutrons through a thermal water pre-moderator and two liquid hydrogen moderators, which was designed to optimize the brightness of the cold neutron beams...
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Junfeng Yang (Beijing Jiaotong University)25/07/2024, 14:00
In order to improve the transmission capability of the second generation REBCO tape, many structures of superconducting strand/cable stacked with REBCO tapes were proposed. In this paper, a compact twisted stack tape conductor (TSTC) with stepped grooves was performed. The stepped groove is divided into long groove and short groove with different number of tapes, and a long copper plate is...
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Luca Piacentini (Riga Technical University (LV))25/07/2024, 14:00
In particle therapy of cancer, the radiation dose to tissues around the tumour can be reduced by employing a rotating gantry—a mechanical structure allowing the delivery of the beam to the patient from various angles. Gantries for ion therapy can benefit from the integration of superconducting magnets to minimize the size and weight of the machine. One significant challenge associated with the...
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Zeju Weng (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00
Freezing and cryopreservation are critical for maintaining the quality of organism, which has been widely used in food and medical industries. However, the generation of ice crystal during cryopreservation process can inevitably induce tissue injures and consequently damages the organism quality. Lowering the freezing point and accelerating the freezing rate are helpful to suppression the ice...
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Luis Antonio Gonzalez Gomez ((CIEMAT - Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tec. (ES)))25/07/2024, 14:00
A conduction cooling test facility to perform the characterization of superconducting model coils has been designed based on the use of a Gifford-McMahon cryocooler with a maximum of 1.8 Watt cooling capacity at 4.2 K. This facility will allow to test prototype coils as well as determine thermal properties of their components at a wide range of controllable temperatures. Such functionality is...
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Louise Terrien (Absolut System)25/07/2024, 14:00
ABSOLUT SYSTEM has developed an industrial CRYOCOOLER, for superconducting applications.
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Our cryocooler is based on Reverse Turbo-Brayton technology (RTB), allowing to deliver cold powers from 20K to 80K. It is composed with turbomachinery also designed and developed by Absolut System: compressors and turbine.
In addition, Absolut System specify and incorporate the necessarily exchangers,... -
Tomohiro Yamada (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization)25/07/2024, 14:00
Superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities are, along with superconducting magnets, indispensable technologies for modern particle
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accelerators. The current cooling method for SRF cavities is immersion in liquid helium, which is ideal in terms of cooling because the entire outer surface of the cavity is maintained at liquid helium temperature.
On the other hand, while superconducting... -
Antonio Zamora-Jiménez (INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS), Eduardo David González-Carretero (INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS), Haroldo Lorenzo-Hernández (INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS)25/07/2024, 14:00
Astronomic instrumentation requires working at cryogenic temperatures and a high stability. It is crucial to understand the properties of materials and contacts among components within the cryostat to be able to achieve the thermal goals in astronomical applications.
To enhance instrument cold structure designs, there's a growing need to perform accurate Finite Element Method (FEM)...
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Liubiao Chen25/07/2024, 14:00
The emissivity of low-temperature materials exhibits variations with changes in temperature. Currently, measuring low-temperature emissivity often includes the use of cryogenic liquids like liquid nitrogen and liquid helium, which presents challenges such as handling inconvenience and limited adaptability to a broad temperature range. Furthermore, materials like aluminum-coated polyester films...
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Domenico D'Agostino (INFN-Napoli, Gruppo Collegato di Salerno, 80084 Fisciano, Italy)25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 07: Cryogenic Applications: power application and power transmission linesPoster Presentation (120m)
The Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN) is currently involved in technological activities based on superconductivity. Two projects are running into the Test Facility for Large Superconducting Magnets and Superconducting Line at the Physics Department of the University of Salerno (Italy): both are devoted to the test and commissioning of superconducting devices, such as...
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Jisung Lee (Korea Aerospace Research Institute)25/07/2024, 14:00
Normally cryogenic liquids such as oxygen or hydrogen are used as propellants of the launch vehicle. Densification of propellants means the density of propellants are increased by decreasing the cryogenic fluid temperature. Compared to common incompressible liquids, the density of cryogenic fluids changes more sensitively according to the temperature. Therefore, this densification technology...
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Ma Changcheng (Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00
High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a high-performance and high-energy synchrotron radiation light source with a beam energy of 6GeV and an ultra-low emittance of better than 0.06nm×rad. The HEPS is mainly composed of accelerator, beamlines and end-stations. No less than 90 high performance beamlines and end-stations are capable to be built around the storage ring. The HEPS is scheduled to be...
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Junfeng Yang (Beijing Jiaotong University)25/07/2024, 14:00
The high temperature superconducting (HTS) twisted stacked tape conductor (TSTC) is one of the methods to improve the current-carrying capability of a superconducting conductor. A three stepped slots with twisted stacked YBCO tapes is presented in this paper. The YBCO tapes embedded in the stepped grooves of two different lengths. A 2D finite-element model is used to computes the magnetic...
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BANGZHU WANG25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 07: Cryogenic Applications: power application and power transmission linesPoster Presentation (120m)
Due to merits of low loss, large capacity and compactness, concentric high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable has become an ideal solution to the of large-capacity power transmission in a narrow path. As the three phases in the concentric HTS cable are wounded one-by-one in the same former, the non-superconducting joints are concentrated in a short range. The same cooling method as the...
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victor doebele (CNRS)25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 08: Cryogenic applications: quantum systems and materialsPoster Presentation (120m)
A powerful table-top cryogenic plateform has been developed for Quantum computing applications. The system offers a cold plate optimized for the CMOS qubits technology developed by CEA/LETI for the QuCUBE ERC synergy project. The goal is to demonstrated a 100 CMOS-Qubits system, scalable to more than 1000 Qubits. The cryogenic system is designed for 100 mW cooling power at 500 mK, compatible...
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Marek Zeman (CNRS, Absolut System)25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 08: Cryogenic applications: quantum systems and materialsPoster Presentation (120m)
We have developed a versatile cryogenic platform for research in optics. The optical cryostat offers an experimental volume of 100 x 100 x 100 mm with up to five 2-inches optical accesses. The cold plate is cooled to a temperature below 2K with 50 mW power available. The cryogenic system is based on a two-stages 4 Kelvin Pulse Tube and a 2 K helium Joule-Thomson cooler. The Pulse-Tube cold...
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Sehwan In (Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials)25/07/2024, 14:00
To achieve carbon neutrality, the contribution of renewable energy to electricity generation is growing. However, renewable energy sources may exhibit significant output fluctuations depending on weather conditions. As a result, there is a gradual rise in demand for high-capacity energy storage systems to ensure grid stability. The Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) system is an energy storage...
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Yong-Ju Hong25/07/2024, 14:00
The cold box for the cryogenic liquefaction process of the liquid air energy storage (LAES) device is a facility that produces cryogenic liquid air by introducing gas at high pressure/room temperature. Inside the cold box, various devices such as heat exchangers, cryogenic valves, filters, expansion turbines, and phase separators are installed, and each component must be optimally designed for...
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Emilio Asensi Conejero (European Spallation Source ERIC)25/07/2024, 14:00
The current paper introduces the design and implementation of the Interlocks and Safety Functions implemented for operating the cryogenic system of the European Spallation Source (ESS) superconducting Linear Accelerator (LINAC), emphasizing the integration of individual cryomodules and valve boxes within a unified system controlled by a master CMDS (Cryomodules and Cryogenic distribution...
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Arthur IZIQUEL (Accelerators and Cryogenic Systems)25/07/2024, 14:00
In the framework of the ISOLDE Superconducting Recoil Separator (ISRS) project, a short and straight CCT magnet demonstrator (MAGDEM) has been designed, comprising a dipole and a quadrupole. The final ISRS spectrometer is intended to consist of 12 units of this CCT magnet arranged in a ring configuration. Additionally, this type of magnet could potentially be used for proton therapy gantry...
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Gang Zhou (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Jing Li (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00
ABSTRACT: A 3000L/h Helium Liquefier has been designed and is being assembled in China by the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS. A dynamic simulation of this helium liquefier has been performed to evaluate the heat transient performance. To verify the control system program before the commissioning of this liquefier, a Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) Simulation System has been...
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Yoshinori Fujii (Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.)25/07/2024, 14:00
This poster discusses the development of a new single-stage 20K Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocooler by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. The new cryocooler will have been released in this April. Its main features and the potential applications will be highlighted.
The new cryocooler is an upgraded version of the existing RDK-500B model, with no changes to its interface. It can be used for...
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Parthasarathi Ghosh (IIT Kharagpur India)25/07/2024, 14:00
The transfer of vapor-free liquid cryogen through fluid systems in low-temperature applications demands achieving thermal equilibrium between the channel wall and the flowing liquid. This transient cool-down phase, known as transfer line chill-down, poses challenges due to associated complex two-phase heat and mass transfer phenomenon. Accurate modelling of the same is necessary for optimizing...
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Ananta Sahu (Institute for Plasma Research)25/07/2024, 14:00
The cold box for helium refrigerator plant of cooling power ~200 W at 4.5 K is being developed at IPR, Gandhinagar, India. Helium compressor system, which gives helium flow ~60 g/s at 14 bar will be used for this plant. The cold box of the plant is made using a vertical vacuum chamber, within which all cold components are assembled. The thermodynamic process used is a modified Claude Cycle....
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Swapnil Kharche (Airbus UpNext)25/07/2024, 14:00
In order to reach the goal of 50% reduction of emissions by 2050 set by civil aviation industry bodies, the exploration of new and potentially disruptive technologies has become more and more crucial for Airbus in the last few years.
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Aircraft electrification, identified as a major pillar of the de-carbonization strategy, while presenting major technological challenges, will also open new and... -
Bokeum Kim (KAIST)25/07/2024, 14:00
A two-stage Stirling cryocooler for cooling at temperatures of 100 K and 50 K is designed and its performance is experimentally validated. In the development process of the Stirling cryocooler, we firstly designed and evaluated the performance of a single-stage Stirling cryocooler operating at 100 K to calibrate the numerical model. The results revealed that the cooling performance of the...
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XIAN WANG (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry)25/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract
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Whole-body Cryotherapy (WBC) or cryostimulation stands as a prevalent and extensively employed recovery modality in the realms of sports and exercise medicine, especially post strenuous training and competitions. This practice involves brief exposures, usually lasting between 2 to 4 minutes, to extremely cold air, reaching temperatures of −110 °C and below. Individuals undergoing... -
Marco Muehlegger (Linde Kryotechnik AG)25/07/2024, 14:00
Linde Kryotechnik AG is known as a supplier of high quality products in the field of cryogenics. This results in the fact, that still many users are operating helium liquefaction and refrigeration systems that are 30 years and older. Technology has developed and the efficiencies of todays cryogenic plants have increased. Instead of replacing the entire cryogenic plant an upgrade of only...
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D.S. Nadig25/07/2024, 14:00
Cryogenic sensors are widely adopted in cryogenic and semi-cryogenic rocket engines to measure the temperature values. These sensors are in-house developed resistance sensors and are calibrated in between 4.2 K to 300 K to ensure the desired redundancy, accuracy, and repeatability before their authentic use in space missions. With our in-house wet cryogenic calibration facility, these sensors...
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Youngjun Choi (Changwon National University, Department of Smart Manufacturing Engineering, Changwon, South Korea)25/07/2024, 14:00
Cryogenic fluids such as liquid oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen are used in rockets and superconducting applications. Boiling heat transfer occurs between the liquid and solid interface during initial cooling from room temperature to cryogenic temperature. Boiling heat transfer performance has a significant impact on the cooling speed. The largest heat flow occurs in nucleate boiling, but has a...
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Lingjiao Wei (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)25/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract:
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With the development of quantum computing and other scientific fields, dilution refrigerator, as a major ultra-low temperature refrigeration equipment, is required to greater cooling capacity. The silver powder sintered heat exchanger is an essential component of the dilution refrigerator, as it determines its minimum temperature. This study examines the sintering of silver nano... -
Mahieddine Lahoubi (Badji Mokhtar Annaba University)25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 03: Bulk material processing, properties and applicationsPoster Presentation (120m)
We report anomalous magnetic properties in high DC magnetic fields H up to 16 T on an underdoped PrBa2Cu3O6.44 insulating ceramic sample of cuprate family. Significant magnetic-field effects are revealed in the derivative dM(T)/dT of the magnetization M(T) versus T using two sets of values of H selected in the range of 2.5-9.5 T. Anomalies are observed in the region of Tcr ~ 4.5 K, T2 ~ 6.5 K...
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Hanzawa (Yokohama National University)25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 07: Cryogenic Applications: power application and power transmission linesPoster Presentation (120m)
This paper studies, experimentally and analytically, on the characteristics of fly-wheel type uninterruptible power supply (FW-UPS) using high-temperature superconducting (HTS) induction machine (HTS-SIM). This study assumed that the SIM is iron-cored and composed of Cu wire stator windings and HTS rotor windings. The rotor windings consist of HTS wires embedded in iron rotor core and...
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Thomas Adam (Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-DSBT)25/07/2024, 14:00
Low temperature detectors operating at sub-Kelvin temperatures and in the FIR or X-ray wavelengths, are a key feature of space missions addressing the science of the universe. The thermal stability of the coldest cooling stage to which they are thermally coupled is crucial to their performance. This performance could significantly be compromised however, by the fluctuations of the thermal...
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Xiaoyu Fan (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00
Large-scale cold storage plays a crucial role in future net-zero emission scenarios. It is expected to drive advancements in technologies such as liquid air energy storage (LAES) and liquid nature gas (LNG) cryogenic energy utilization, with promising commercial prospects. To eliminate the use of flammable, explosive, and potentially polluting liquid-phase storage mediums, packed bed cold...
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Lucas Methivier (Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-DSBT)25/07/2024, 14:00
Pulse tube developments at CEA/SBT are focused on low-temperature Pulse tube cryocoolers, and more specifically on a basis of the cold tip architecture of the PT15K cooler previously developed by ALAT/TCBV/CEA. This pulse tube cooler was made to work at 15K, here, the objectives are to decrease its working temperature in order to produce a significant cooling power around 8K or lower.
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A... -
Sukanya Baruah (ITEP, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 02: Re BCO/BSCCO/IBS materials and wires processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
The KIT-CERN Collaboration on Coated Conductors (KC4) was established as a research facility for the development of novel long-length Coated Conductor samples. This production line, originally established by Bruker, has been used to produce REBCO CCs since last year after its assembly at the Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology). Recent measurements of the...
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Guillaume Delautre (Air Liquide), Pierre Barjhoux (Air Liquide Advanced Technologies), pierre crespi25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 07: Cryogenic Applications: power application and power transmission linesPoster Presentation (120m)
As part of the energy transition, the off-shore wind power market is booming with many very large-scale projects emerging or already in operation in Europe, Asia and America. Wind farms are commonly made up of several dozen turbines, the power of which has steadily increased in recent years, now exceeding more than 10 MW each, or soon even beyond.
Installed more than 150 meters above the...
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Shaoqi Yang (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Xiujuan Xie (Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00
Large cryogenic refrigeration systems are the only means to achieve a low-temperature environment for large scientific devices. As an important part of the China Initiative Accelerator Driven System (CiADS), an 18kW@4.5K/4kW@2K large helium cryogenic refrigerator is mainly used to cool down superconducting magnetic cryostats. It has been designed by Technical Institute of Physics and...
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Aniket Ingrole (National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University)25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 02: Re BCO/BSCCO/IBS materials and wires processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) coated conductor tapes hold immense promise for high-field magnet applications due to their exceptional critical current (I_c) at cryogenic temperatures. However, during magnet manufacturing and operation, REBCO tapes experience strain and fatigue, potentially affecting their I_c and compromising performance. This study investigates the interplay between...
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Qingquan Qiu25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 07: Cryogenic Applications: power application and power transmission linesPoster Presentation (120m)
Liquid Nitrogen/Fluorocarbon mixture would be an effective coolant and insulating medium of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets and power devices, which may provide a cryogenic environment in the wide temperature range of 50 to 100K and serve as a liquid dielectric. In this paper, the gas-liquid-solid phase equilibrium, boiling heat transfer and insulation characteristics of the...
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Uday Kumar (ITER-India, Indian Institute of Technology Madras)25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 05: Thin films, multilayers, electronics, materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Multilayer insulation (MLI) is a critical material used to control radiative heat transfer in cryogenic systems. MLI consists of alternate layers of reflective aluminized mylar, separated by low thermal conductivity spacers. The thermal emissivity of the MLI layer plays a critical role in minimizing the radiative heat transfer through its layers. The formation of native oxide is inevitable in...
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Junho Han (Kiswire Advamced Technology Co. Ltd.)25/07/2024, 14:00
Superconducting accelerators currently rely on central refrigeration systems and complex piping system for distributing liquid helium and nitrogen. The proposed stand-alone cryomodule can be an attractive solution for both scientific and industrial applications. It offers the the simpler applicability in facilities lacking cryogenic equipment and expertise, and is particularly useful in...
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Markus Graf (Fermilab)25/07/2024, 14:00
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is supported by the infrastructure of the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF). The central feature of DUNE is the liquid argon filled cryostats, which house the neutrino detector components. In order to maintain the argon in a liquid state, heat must be continuously removed. Argon condensers will remove this heat, and liquefy the argon,...
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Grigory Kouzmenko (F4E), Jose Daniel Dupuy Exposito25/07/2024, 14:00
Authors: G Kouzmenko1, J D Dupuy1, N. Besse3, L.Perrot3, M. Valente2
Coauthors: J. Beauvisage3, JM. Bernhardt3, M. Bigi2, P. Bravais3 ,R. Capobianco2, P. Dauguet3, Y. Fabre3, D. Faisandier3, O. Fraisse3, J. Legrand3, A. Luchetta2, A. Machefel3, E. Mardani3, C. Urban3.1Fusion for Energy, C/ Josep Pla 2, Torres Diagonal Litoral, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
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2Consorzio RFX, Corso Stati... -
Christian Wolf (Linde GmbH, Clean Energy Technology R&D, Pullach/Germany; Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Institute of Plant and Process Technology)25/07/2024, 14:00
Liquid hydrogen (LH2) is gaining attention as a low-carbon energy vector and fuel in the clean energy sector. This has led to a significant growth in the worldwide production and distribution of LH2 in recent years. Today, the distribution of LH2 from the liquefier facility to the user is almost entirely performed by road trailers. In the future, the LH2 distribution via rail cars, the...
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Sindre Stenen Blakseth (SINTEF Energy Research / Norwegian University of Science and Technology)25/07/2024, 14:00
Hydrogen is projected to play an important role in the decarbonization of industries that are not readily electrifiable, such as aviation, shipping, and high-energy process industries [1]. To this end, effective solutions for hydrogen transport and storage are needed at a scale far exceeding current capacity. As the hydrogen value chain expands, a wide range of computational modelling tools...
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Anang Dadhich (Slovak Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 08: Stress & Strain & Radiation effects, Aging, Fatigue and life cycle analysisPoster Presentation (120m)
The development of high temperature REBCO superconducting (HTS) REBCO tapes are promising for high field magnets. However, the mechanical properties of these tapes are transversally isotropic a special case of anisotropy, where the elastic behavior is determined largely by the thickness of the Hastelloy substrate and the electroplated copper stabilizer. Furthermore, for such high magnetic...
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Tristan Hillier (SNOLAB)25/07/2024, 14:00
nEXO is a tonne scale neutrinoless double beta decay experiment which will use 5,000 kg of Xenon-136 as its target fluid. nEXO will need to cool the liquid xenon (LXe) down to 165 K (-108.15 °C) for ten years of continuous operation. nEXO will be located at SNOLAB, in its facility 2 km underground in Vale’s Creighton nickel mine.
A 12,000-litre liquid nitrogen (LN2) plant will be required...
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Biju T. Kuzhiveli (National Institute of Technology, Calicut, India)25/07/2024, 14:00
Stirling coolers are a highly promising technology in the field of low temperature production due to their exceptional efficiency and reliability. Stirling coolers, one which employs helium as the working fluid, offer an alternate choice for those looking for a cooling system that offers both ecological friendly and energy-efficient. Stirling cooler, appropriate for producing temperature...
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Yuanliang Liu (Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00
Helium cryogenic system has been widely used in large-scale scientific engineering fields utilizing superconducting technology, such as nuclear fusion, high-energy accelerator, and high-energy particle detector. Once suffering from vacuum insulation failure, magnet quenching, material defect, mechanical fatigue, external impact, electrical joint failure, etc., the protective devices and key...
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Arjun Garva (Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India)25/07/2024, 14:00
A water hammer is a pressure surge that occurs when a liquid in motion within a pipe is suddenly stopped, often due to a rapid closing of the valve or shutting down of the pump. This abrupt change in momentum creates a powerful pressure wave that can cause severe damage to pipes, pumps, and other components and also leads to reduce the efficiency of the components. Whenever the amplitude of...
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wenjie zhou25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 05: Thin films, multilayers, electronics, materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Multi-layer insulation (MLI) is a passive insulation technology, which is known as "super insulation" due to its excellent insulation performance in cryogenics engineering field. The traditional multi-layer insulated reflective layer often uses a single aluminum metal coating, ignoring the influence of temperature change on the metal emissivity. On this basis, this paper proposes a variable...
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Li Wang (Lawrence Berkeley National Lab)25/07/2024, 14:00
In order to study nuclear structure at the limits of stability through a program of targeted measurements at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), a thick liquid-hydrogen target and vertex tracking detector system specifically optimized to be coupled to the Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking Array (GRETA) for fast beam measurements at FRIB is under development. The LH2 target-cell and windows...
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Li Wang (Lawrence Berkeley National Lab)25/07/2024, 14:00
A new high efficient helium liquefaction system with high capacity is under design and will be built at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the next couple of years to replace a current 43 years old liquefier. The new liquefaction system will provide at least a mixed 80 liter per hour liquefaction rate and 35 W refrigeration capacity at 4.5K without liquid nitrogen pre-cooling, or a mixed...
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Jean-Marc Bernhardt (Auteur), Nicolas chantant, Pascale Dauguet (Auteur), Yannick Fabre (Auteur)25/07/2024, 14:00
Since the end of the last decade, projects requiring a high refrigeration power below 4.5K are flourishing around the world. This increase in refrigeration capacities at temperatures close to 2K represents a real challenge for cryogenic plants design and operation. In a few years Air Liquide Advanced Technologies supported customers in not less than six major new projects ranging from 900W up...
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Peng Sha (IHEP)25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 03: Bulk material processing, properties and applicationsPoster Presentation (120m)
The 650 MHz superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities used for the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) were studied to achieve high accelerating gradient (Eacc) and high intrinsic quality factor (Q0). The 650 MHz single-cell cavities were subjected to a combination of buffered chemical polishing (BCP) and electropolishing (EP), and their Eacc exceeded 40 MV/m. Such a high Eacc may...
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pengfei zhao (Zhongshan Institute of Advanced Cryogenic Technology)25/07/2024, 14:00
This paper designed a detachable cryostat. The cooling capacity is obtained by GM refrigerator and transferred to the test chamber through the copper cold chain. The test chamber is filled with low temperature helium, and the sample is installed in the test chamber. Finally, the temperature of the sample is controlled by adjusting the temperature of the helium atmosphere. The cryostat above...
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IRFAN AHMED Not Supplied25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 02: Re BCO/BSCCO/IBS materials and wires processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Our recent investigations have highlighted REBa2Cu3O7-x (RE = rare earth) Coated Conductors (CCs) as promising candidates to replace copper (Cu) as low surface-impedance coatings in high-energy physics (HEP) RF applications operating under very-high magnetic fields [1, 2, 3].This contribution provides a thorough demonstration of why REBCO CCs as promising solutions for the HEP community,...
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Davide Bozzini (CERN)25/07/2024, 14:00
The HL-LHC IT String, a test facility for the major components of the HL-LHC Inner Triplet, is currently in its construction and commissioning phases in a surface building at CERN. The primary motivation of the HL-LHC IT String is to study and validate the collective behavior of its different subsystems which include mainly: the inner triplet superconducting magnets and their correctors, a...
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Shinji Hamaguchi25/07/2024, 14:00
It was found in our past microgravity experiments that the bubble size was much smaller than the prediction in the vicinity of the lambda point, and the bubbles had unstable interfaces. However, no experimental reports like this anomalous feature of He II boiling at the vicinity of lambda point were shown. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the boiling experiments around wire heater in...
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Guopeng Wang (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)25/07/2024, 14:00
A liquid helium re-liquefier system has been designed for superconducting chip test. The cold source of the system is a PT420 GM type Pulse tube cryocooler. On this base, the precooling structure and recondensation structure has been designed. Besides, composite magnetic shielding structure was used to ensure the chip working in an extremely low magnetic environment. With a special designed...
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Zhen Geng (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 05: Thin films, multilayers, electronics, materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Varying the sputtering power during magnetron reactive sputtering deposition simultaneously affects the sputtering yield of the target atoms and the degree of disorder in the films. This greatly tunes the physical properties of transition metal oxynitrides films ($TMN_xO_y$), resulting in the emergence of various interesting physical phenomena such as metal-insulator transition (MIT) and...
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Bingming Wang25/07/2024, 14:00
With the development of science and technology, the application of cryogenic technology is more and more extensive. Liquid helium, as one of the cryogenic liquid, is popular in many fields. The acquisition of liquid helium may be of interest to many people. Therefore, system integration and commissioning of helium liquefier are introduced in this paper. In order to meet the conditions of...
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515. Temperature uniformity characterization in heat treatment of the Nb3Sn coils for nuclear fusionBingkun Lyu (Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory)25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 01: NbTi/Nb3Sn/MgB2 materials and wires processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
Burning plasma Experimental Superconducting Tokamak (BEST) is a full superconducting coil tokamak. The heat treatment of the Nb3Sn coils of the BEST is carried out by using atmosphere atmosphere-protected heat treatment furnace. The temperature uniformity throughout the coil becomes a crucial problem due to the large size of the cross-section of the coil. In this study, the temperature...
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Huang-Hsiu Tsai (National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center)25/07/2024, 14:00
There are two helium cryogenic system with maximum 450W cooling capacity, which were installed for five superconducting magnets and one superconducting RF cavity at Taiwan Light Source (TLS). One of these two helium cryogenic system was shut down due to the failure of first stage turbine, as called as T1. The T1 was replaced twice and failure just in the beginning with the attempt to produce...
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Gang Zhou (Techincal Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS)25/07/2024, 14:00
In the design of large scale helium refrigerators, it has been found that the UA ratio between the heat exchangers will influence the temperature distribution, which will be required in some special applications, such as the temperature before the expansion or some set temperatures. In this paper, a 2000W@20K helium refrigerator without Nitrogen precooling is described, which need a 70K...
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Etienne Lallemand (Centre spatial de Liège (CSL), Université de Liège (ULg)), Tanguy Thibert (Centre spatial de Liège (CSL), Université de Liège (ULg))25/07/2024, 14:00
A cryogenic environment implies a lot of constraints and uncertainties when it comes to the use of mechanical parts since the material properties are thermally dependent. This is even more true when the mechanical part ensures the motion of a mechanism. In that context, the Centre Spatial de Liège (CSL) has developed a specific mechanism with 3D printed parts. The Mode Selector Mechanism (MSM)...
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Oscar Duran Lucas (CIEMAT - Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tec. (ES))25/07/2024, 14:00
The Main Linac of the International Linear Collider (ILC) includes superconducting quadrupole (SCQ) packages that are located between the superconducting RF cavities, with one SCQ within each of the Type-B cryomodules. This combined-functioned, splittable superconducting magnet focus and steer the electrons and positrons. The magnet is required to be cryogen free, and conductively cooled down...
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Vijay Soni (GE HealthCare Technology and Innovation Center, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA)25/07/2024, 14:00
One of the important aspects of any cryogenic design is to achieve good thermal performance by minimizing the temperature gradient at different contact regions of the thermal mass. In some cases, electrical isolation may be required at contact regions. Different combinations of the thermally conductive and at the same time electrically insulated joints have been characterized using a GM...
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Jun Lu25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 02: Re BCO/BSCCO/IBS materials and wires processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
REBCO coated conductor is a HTS material that is promising for a wide range of applications. One of them is the application for current leads of magnet systems. In the design of current leads, it is important to minimize its thermal conduction while maintain the superior electrical conduction of the superconductors.
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In this study, we fabricated 4 mm wide REBCO tapes stabilized with different... -
Arjun Garva (Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India)25/07/2024, 14:00
Fluid transients resulting from rapid flow acceleration or deceleration can pose a significant risk to the structural strength of fluid handling networks, such as those in cryogenic rocket propulsion systems, LNG transport systems, powerplant flow systems, household water systems and many others. Additionally, due to its oscillating behaviour, fluid transients can lead to the formation and...
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Matthew Clegg25/07/2024, 14:00ICMC 06: Flux-pinning, Magnetization and AC losses modelling and experimentsPoster Presentation (120m)
Producing accurate computational models that forecast the alternating current losses associated with cold-dielectric conductors is pivotal for power grid investors, what in turn can influence the designing and manufacturing of lightweight superconducting cables aspiring to reach high engineering current densities whilst maintaining a compact structure. By utilizing the so-called H-formulation...
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Mahieddine Lahoubi (Badji Mokhtar Annaba University)25/07/2024, 14:00
The data of the linear thermal expansion (α) and specific heat (Cp) are combined for the study the thermal and magnetic properties of PrBa2Cu3O6+x (PrBCO6+x or PrBCO) ceramic samples in two different oxygenation states: an underdoped (UN) with x = 0.44 and an optimally doped (OP) with x = 0.95. The temperature dependences of the ratio (α/Cp) as well as the effective Grüneisen parameter (Γeff),...
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Le-Duy Nguyen (Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials)25/07/2024, 14:00
Abstract
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Vacuum insulation is commonly used in cryogenic liquid storage, in the ground applications, because of its excellent insulation performance. However, the accidental loss of insulating vacuum might result in significant boil-off of the stored liquid. The loss of the stored liquid through boil-off not only impacts energy efficiency but also poses a serious safety concern. The hazards... -
Meimei Zhang25/07/2024, 14:00ICEC 03: Expanders, pumps, compressors, regenerators and other componentsPoster Presentation (120m)
To study the performance of the intermittent flow cold storage surface heat exchanger in the experimental system, the volume selection of the helical tube and its heat transfer characteristics play a crucial role in ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the entire experimental setup. A method for calculating the volume of the helical tube based on the gas vessel dynamics model is...
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Rod Badcock25/07/2024, 16:00
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Pierre Crespi (Air Liquide)25/07/2024, 16:45ICEC 07: Cryogenic Applications: power application and power transmission linesPlenary Oral (45m)
For 60 years, the Air Liquide group has worked on major international industrial and scientific programs using cryogenics, which have enabled the development of technologies and skills today serving the energy transition.
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For example, the Ariane rocket program has developed a mode of space transport using liquid Hydrogen as an energy vector, for which we have produced all the Hydrogen,... -
25/07/2024, 17:30Plenary Oral (45m)
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Min Gao (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)ICEC 04: Cryogenic applications: cryocoolersPoster
Abstract. Human space exploration is becoming more frequent with the rapid development of modern space technology. The pulse tube cryocooler is an indispensable part of the space probe, but the cost of launching space probes restricts their volume and weight. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the performance of the pulse tube cryocooler under the premise of limited volume and...
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HIDEKI TATSUMOTO (1European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS))
The hydrogen moderator design for MW-class pulsed neutron source is undertaken for the next generation of high-intensity neutron sources with high brightness, such as European Spallation Source (ESS) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory Second Target Station Project. Such a design is chosen based on the fact that the performance of a liquid hydrogen moderator operating at around 20 K depends on...
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Alvaro Lecinana Soldevilla (CERN)
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Changhyeong Lee (Institute for Advanced Engineering)
Hydrogen is increasingly recognized as an eco-friendly energy source, thanks to its minimal emission of greenhouse gases and pollutants such as CO2 when it reacts with oxygen. Despite this, the challenge of storing hydrogen on a large scale persists due to its low density compared to other materials. Methods such as the use of Ammonia, LOHC (Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier), and the...
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Zichun Huang (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry)
Thermal radiation has a significant role on cryogenic system, especially in vaccum environment, such as space. Cryogenic spectral emissivity is an important parameter to evaluate the properties of radiation materials, which can improve device efficiency and safety. The accurate measurement of cryogenic spectral emissivity at vacuum condition is helpful to predict and simulate the working state...
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HIDEKI TATSUMOTO (European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS))
At the ESS target, high energy spallation neutrons are generated by impinging a 2 MW proton beam on the tungsten target. The proton beam is pulsed with a repetition of 14 Hz and a pulse length of 2.86 ms. The moderator system consists of a water pre-moderator and two liquid hydrogen cold moderators, which are optimized to achieve a high cold neutron brightness. The neutronic performance of the...
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Christian Scheuerlein (CERN)ICMC 09: Insulation & Impregnation materials, processing and propertiesPoster Presentation (120m)
High field accelerator magnets are being developed for future particle accelerator projects like the Future Circular Collider (FCC). Superconducting magnet coils made of brittle conductors like Nb3Sn are typically impregnated with an epoxy resin, which needs to provide dielectric insulation and mechanical support. Cracking of the impregnation resin under the mechanical loads exerted on the...
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