Conveners
Tue-Po-1.3: Electronics, Sensors & Detectors
- Goncalo Tomas
Distillation, adsorption, and thermal diffusion are commonly employed methods for separating helium-3 and helium-4 isotopes. However, due to the exceptionally low concentration of helium-3 present in natural gas or natural helium, an initial enrichment of helium-3 is necessary to reach the minimum concentration required for traditional separation methods. Entropy filter, a porous element,...
The European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, Sweden, is designed to become the most powerful accelerator driven spallation neutron source in the world. ESS is currently under construction, first beam on target is planned for 2025, with first user operation expected to start in 2026. As a key component of the neutron production, the cryogenic moderator slows down high-energy neutrons released...
Within the goals of the High-Field Magnet (HFM) program at CERN, ongoing research focuses on achieving magnetic flux densities of up to 16 T using superconducting coils. Understanding the thermal properties of composite materials used as impregnation resins or insulation layers in superconducting magnets is crucial for the design of effective cooling methods. To this end, a new test stand was...
The design of the support structure of high vacuum and low temperature adiabatic vessel should not only meet the mechanical design requirements such as strength, but also meet the thermodynamic requirements such as low leakage heat. A cylindrical dry calorimeter based on two-stage G-M refrigerator was designed and built, and the heat transfer performance of the support structure was tested....
Using a hydrogen annealing process, we have successfully fabricated intrinsic Josephson junction (IJJ) tunneling devices in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy (Bi-2212) high-temperature superconductor. To flow electrical current along c-axis direction, a Bi-2212 single crystal was annealed in a hydrogen atmosphere at 300-500℃ for 15-60 minutes. By the annealing, an electrical property of the Bi-2212 single crystal...
A large volume glass-fibre liquid helium cryostat with beam tube was developed for a Cryogenic Current Comparator (CCC). Cryogenic Current Comparators are used for beam diagnostics in accelerators and storage rings.
Measurement problem
Cryogenic Current Comparators (CCC) have been developed for electrical metrology to compare ratios of two electrical currents with the highest precision...
Abstract:
CERN, home of the 27 km long LHC (Large Hadron Collider) particle accelerator, operates and maintains the world’s largest cryogenic infrastructure. This complex system is essential to the LHC’s functionality, reliability, and availability. Big data analytics and machine learning are promising techniques to extract descriptive and predictive models in complex systems for operation...
Current leads for superconducting magnets or power cables contribute significantly to the cryogenic heat load of the otherwise well isolated system. The thermodynamic optimization of current leads requires cooling not only at the cold end, but along their entire length. For larger scale systems, cooling with boil-off nitrogen or helium gas is well established. For compact or stand-alone...
A third-generation underground gravitational wave (GW) observatory, known as the Einstein Telescope (ET), will be developed by European countries together. It is designed as an equilateral triangle with 10 km long arms 200 to 300 meters underneath the ground and with detectors being located in each corner. Any two adjacent arms comprise two independent interferometers, and one interferometer...
Pressure Wave Refrigerators (PWRs), in principle, work with thermal separation through shock waves. The fundamental flow dynamics within a PWR closely resemble those in a shock tube. The sudden release of high-pressure gas in a tube or channel produces shock waves that move through the driven gas, and the associated rarefied waves reduce the pressure of the driver gas. A PWR typically...
Abstract. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) situated at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, serves as the host for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), employing cryostats with nearly 70,000 metric tons of high purity liquid argon (LAr). The integrity of LAr quality is pivotal in determining the electron lifetime within DUNE,...
Abstract：
Cryogenic liquid air energy storage (LAES) is a physical energy storage technology with significant development. However, conventional systems suffer from problems such as high air liquefaction throttling loss, insufficient utilization of heat storage capacity, and low efficiency of system electrical to electrical conversion. Therefore, a liquid air energy storage systemcoupled...
With the miniaturisation and high efficiency of electronic devices, near-field (NF) radiation has become a key factor in the study of thermal radiation control in electronic devices. NF radiative heat transfer (RHT) is several orders of magnitude greater than far-field (FF) radiation in the vacuum state, while it has been found that NF radiation decreases significantly as the sample passes...
In fusion devices cryogenic has a crucial role, not only in superconductive magnet cooling, but also in the formation of cryogenic pellets. These pellets are used for fueling and other solidified matter injection of fusion reactors. At the HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research Fusion Plasma Physics Department, a support laboratory has been set up to study pellet production, launch and shattering...
The ISIS Neutron and Muon Source undertakes approximately 100 experiments per year at temperatures below 1K. At these temperatures there is a clear need for accurate, precise, and well-calibrated thermometry, which is resilient to the challenging sample environments found in large science facilities. Commonly used resistive thermometers, whilst offering convenience and operational simplicity,...
