Conveners
Tue-Po-1.4: Material Properties of Conductors, Insulation, Resins & Steel
- Kirtana Puthran (KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE))
The mechanical properties of Nb3Sn coils are strongly influenced by the adhesion between the impregnation resin and the coil constituents, which may significantly impact the magnets’ performance. To improve the understanding of the parameters governing the adhesion in such superconducting magnets, a study was conducted on the adhesion of several impregnation systems with respect to different...
The electrical insulation system in wind-and-react niobium-tin (Nb3Sn) superconducting magnets must be robust, such that it can sustain the mechanical stresses, high radiation doses, and thermal cycles involved in the operation of the magnets. The chosen cable insulation material, currently a thin layer of braided S2-glass, must also withstand a high-temperature heat treatment in an inert...
Liquid hydrogen, characterized by its low mass density and high volumetric energy, is actively promoted as an ideal spacecraft fuel. However, due to its cryogenic storage temperature and the risk of leakage, it imposes extremely high demands on the tank structure and material property. Currently, most liquid hydrogen storage tanks are made of metal materials such as aluminum alloys and...
Driven by the electrification of industries and economic development in emerging economies, the global demand for electricity is anticipated to surge in the coming decades. It is in this framework that a growing interest in fusion energy devices as a sustainable energy solution emerges. Among the different concepts, SPARC stands out as one of the most promising ones: a compact high – field...
Abstract: The High Field Magnet (HFM) program foresees, among others, the systematic measurement and assessment of mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of HTS cables. These measurements are a key factor to characterize the conductor, verify its performances and control the production quality. These values are also necessary inputs to size the prototype magnets that will use HTS...
Quench heaters for the active protection of superconducting magnets are large flexible circuits that are produced in a photolithographic process. The quench heater base material is a lamination of a thin steel foil from which the circuits are produced by chemical etching, and an insulating film which provides electrical insulation between the quench heater circuit and the magnet coil. The...
3D printing of high-performance polymers enables the production of functional components with complex geometries that cannot easily be obtained by conventional manufacturing methods. A concern is the possible degradation of the materials properties of the 3D printed polymers under the irradiation conditions in particle accelerators and detectors. In the present study we have characterised the...
Canadian Light Source, a 2.9 GeV 3rd generation synchrotron located in Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada, has had a superconducting wiggler since 2005. Commissioned in July 2005, the wiggler and associated systems have been serviced and upgraded throughout the years. I will look at system design, operations use and upgrades. A look at the quench count and some contributing factors for the...
Prior information of physical and mechanical properties of materials is very crucial in design and development of a mechanical system. In the normal course, sufficient data is available at around room temperature. However, data of these properties are not easily available at cryogenic temperatures. At the same time, the available data cannot be extrapolated down to cryogenic temperature since...
Epoxy resin has been commonly used as a supporting and insulating material in superconducting systems that operate at low temperatures and high electric fields. However, it has diverse and complex internal defects. The traps within epoxy resin can capture space charges, especially under factors like radiation and Schottky injection. This can affect the material's performance in terms of...
High magnetic fields of up to 20 T in tokamak-type fusion devices, such as in Central Solenoids of European DEMO and the Chinese BEST fusion reactors, require High-Temperature Superconductors (HTS) and a promising candidate is ReBCO tape. The large Lorentz forces occurring under these operating conditions may locally generate high mechanical stresses, which can irreversibly degrade the...
Aluminum alloys, by virtue of their lightweight, good formability, and good corrosion resistance, are widely used in aerospace, construction, and automotive applications. The recently introduced AlMgSc-alloy, namely Scalmalloy® CX by APWORKS, processed by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) with high specific strength and a lightweight structure with minimal design constraints has enormous...
Bulk insulation materials such as expanded perlite are widely used in double-walled cryogenic insulation systems and well known to the industry. However, expanded perlite is also known to be very fragile. Mechanical stress e.g. due to thermal cycling or vibrations can result in material degradation over time and limit its application.
In contrast, hollow glass microspheres which are...
Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing (ADAM) represents cutting-edge technology in the field of cost-effective additive manufacturing. This study investigates the viability of utilizing ADAM for producing components intended for cryogenic heat transfer, heat exchanger etc. in vacuum environments.
The emergence of ADAM presents a promising alternative to traditional metal printing...
Adsorbents are an integral part of a cryo-adsorption vacuum pump. Activated carbon is the most efficient adsorbent material for such applications for a multitude of reasons like high surface area, versatile pore structure, chemical stability, and regenerative capacity. However, activated carbon does possess an inherent limitation of having low thermal conductivity, which is an essential vital...
The metallurgical changes and micro defects after welding can influence the mechanical property, corrosion resistance and dimensional stability of the stainless steel wielding joints. It is necessary to explore an effective post-welded method to improve the service performance for stainless steel welding joints. Furthermore, the essential mechanism between microstructure changes and...
Thermal properties of materials, especially their thermal conductivity and emissivity, are extremely important in the efficient design of terrestrial cryogenic equipment, such as Dewars and cryostats. It is widely known that composite materials based on epoxy resin and glass reinforcement are good candidates for applications in extreme temperature conditions due to their high stiffness...
High field accelerator magnets are being developed for future particle accelerator projects like the Future Circular Collider (FCC). Superconducting magnet coils made of brittle conductors like Nb3Sn are typically impregnated with an epoxy resin, which needs to provide dielectric insulation and mechanical support. Cracking of the impregnation resin under the mechanical loads exerted on the...
