Conveners
Wed-Po-2.1: H2 & LNG 2
- Francois Millet (CEA)
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is considered an advantageous energy source in the current transition stage of energy structure reform due to its cleanliness and high quality. A large amount of high-grade cold energy is released in the process of LNG regasification. However, most of the LNG receiving stations in China fail to utilize LNG cold energy effectively in the actual operation process, and...
Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is one of lager scale energy storage method which may be widely used in a society with large percentage of photovoltaic (PV) and wind power. However, photovoltaic (PV) and wind power often located in remote areas in which the energy need is week, which lead to energy transportation is very important. Liquid hydrogen is a very efficient carrier to transport...
The sealing structure has a significant impact on the performance of high-pressure liquid hydrogen reciprocating pumps. Piston ring sealing is one of the significant sealing methods employed in such pumps. This paper establishes a leakage calculation model for the piston ring sealing structure in high-pressure liquid hydrogen reciprocating pumps. And the impact of different dimensions on the...
Cryogens, such as liquefied natural gas or liquid hydrogen, are conventionally stored in highly insulated tanks. These tanks are susceptible to heat transfer from the surrounding environment. The temperature difference between the ambient air and the cryogen inside the tank drives this heat transfer, leading to cryogen heating and evaporation. As the cryogen continuously evaporates, the...
This study presents the design and commissioning process of a medium-scale hydrogen liquefaction plant of 1.5 tons of liquid hydrogen per day (TPD), utilizing a Helium Brayton refrigeration cycle augmented with Liquefied nitrogen pre-cooling.
The design involved comprehensive simulation and analysis to optimize the plant's performance. The specific energy consumption (SEC) of the plant was...
This study is performed to investigate the effect of the freezing phenomena in cryogenic liquid hydrogen vaporizer experimentally and theoretically. Whenever cryogenic fluid is used as the working fluid for heat exchanger, heat exchanger is exposed to the risk of freezing due to low temperature profile inside heat exchanger. To avoid the freezing phenomena inside heat exchanger, the flow and...
A 1,300-liter-capacity liquid hydrogen (LH2) storage tank has been constructed and tested. The thermal insulation system of the LH2 storage tank is designed to have a boil-off rate (BOR) of 1.5 vol.%/day and a refrigeration system is introduced to achieve zero-boil-off (ZBO) of LH2. A two-stage GM-type pulse tube refrigerator (PT815, Cryomech) is utilized for...
The cryogen evaporation rate is of prime concern in various industrial as well as research settings. Even with high insulation of cryogenic tanks, heat in-leak from ambient is unavoidable. The thermal characterisation of cryogenic fluids is quite important during their storage due to external heat inleaks. Due to their low viscosity, cryogens are prone to large liquid motions (sloshing) during...
Adopting hydrogen fuel has been recognised as a promising route to realise net-zero emission by academia, industry and government. It is challenging to most materials for storing and distributing liquid hydrogen at 20 Kelvin (K). While metallic materials have traditionally been considered for liquid hydrogen storage and distribution, recent discourse in both academia and industry, particularly...
Liquefied natural gas (LNG), recognized as one of the cleanest fossil fuels, is currently the most rapidly expanding primary energy source, offering abundant cold energy during the gasification process. The integration of liquid air energy storage (LAES) with LNG cold energy utilization not only facilitates the efficient utilization of LNG cold energy but also enhances the energy efficiency of...
Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) is emerging as a high potential energy storage medium in the accelerating Hydrogen economy to achieve net zero targets by 2050. LH2 possesses the advantage of high volumetric energy density compared to compressed gaseous Hydrogen. However, currently LH2 usage is restricted by both production and storage issues. Scalability and constructability limitations, capital cost...
The heat leakage of cryogenic equipment is primarily attributed to multilayer insulation and solid heat conduction at a macroscopic level. However, there has been limited research on optimizing solid heat transfer. Traditionally, the design criterion for materials subjected to cryogenic temperatures has been based on their yield strength or ultimate tensile strength at room temperature due to...
The hydrogen moderator design for MW-class pulsed neutron source is undertaken for the next generation of high-intensity neutron sources with high brightness, such as European Spallation Source (ESS) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory Second Target Station Project. Such a design is chosen based on the fact that the performance of a liquid hydrogen moderator operating at around 20 K depends on...
At the ESS target, high energy spallation neutrons are generated by impinging a 2 MW proton beam on the tungsten target. The proton beam is pulsed with a repetition of 14 Hz and a pulse length of 2.86 ms. The moderator system consists of a water pre-moderator and two liquid hydrogen cold moderators, which are optimized to achieve a high cold neutron brightness. The neutronic performance of the...
