Conveners
Wed-Po-2.5: Large Scale Cryogenic Systems 4
- Eric Fauve (STANFORD)
At its ttbar stage, FCC-ee is expected to require over 200 cryomodules housing 800 MHz bulk niobium superconducting radio frequency cavities operated at 2 K, and more than 60 cryomodules housing 400 MHz niobium-sputtered copper cavities operated at 4.5 K. The complexity, energy intensity, and scale of the associated cryogenic system requires a holistic design approach. Topics such as...
The Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility (https://www.dtt-project.it/), currently in initial phase of construction at the ENEA Frascati Research Center, is designed to explore critical components of tokamak, such as the divertor, in plasma regimes that are relevant for ITER and DEMO (as far as power loads are concerned), and where plasma core and edge properties are fully integrated. To...
High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a high-performance and high-energy synchrotron radiation light source with a beam energy of 6GeV and an ultra-low emittance of better than 0.06nm×rad. The HEPS is mainly composed of accelerator, beamlines and end-stations. The HEPS would provide the synchrotron beam with will brilliance higher than 1×1022 phs/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW. And the hard X-ray with photo...
Cryopumps are used as the main pumps of cryo-vacuum systems in the Negative Neutral Beam Injectors (NNBI) test facility to pump gas to generate and maintain the vacuum gradient environment. To cool the cryopumps, a 1000 W@4.5K cryogenic system was built, which provides 4.5 K supercritical helium for cryopanels and 77 K liquid nitrogen for radiation baffles. The major cryogenic system...
As national major science and technology infrastructure, Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology（CRAFT) is being built by ASIPP. Cryogenic system is an important part of the research for superconducting magnets. ASIPP designed and developed a 1KW@4.5K helium cryogenic system to meet some cryogenic testing, such as a conductor performance research platform and a central solenoid...
The cryogenic mechanical property tests of building elements are significant to ensure the safety of cryogenic-related buildings, such as LNG facilities, air separation plants, polar research station, etc. A cryogenic environment simulation chamber with large inside space, low temperature refrigeration and temperature control module is a key basic test facility for the construction of these...
The stellarator fusion device Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) consists of a vacuum vessel and 70 superconducting coils located within a vacuum-isolated cryostat. The coils generate the magnetic field that confined the high-temperature plasma and keeps it away from the first wall of the vacuum vessel. A thermal shield inside the cryostat protects the cold components from thermal radiation. A helium...
The High Intensity and Energy ISOLDE (HIE-ISOLDE) enables the acceleration of medium to heavy radioactive isotopes at energies reaching 10 MeV per nucleon, a significant increase from the previous configuration limited to 2.8 MeV per nucleon. The journey towards this achievement involved a progressive deployment of radiofrequency cryo-modules starting in 2015. In 2018, the final configuration...
With the development of superconducting accelerator devices, higher requirements have been proposed for the quality factor Q0 of superconducting cavities to reduce the operational costs of cryogenic systems. Numerous studies have indicated that fast cooldown (FCD) of the cavity can generate significant temperature gradients on the surface, contributing to the expulsion of magnetic flux and...
The Dalian advanced light source (DALS) is a new FEL project based on SRF technology. The DALS test facility is used to test the key components of DALS, which requires a 370 W @ 2 K cryogenic system and is expected to be completed by end of this year. Dynamic simulation is often used in the cryogenic system process design and control logic optimization, it also plays a very important role in...
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a neutron-scattering facility which will use a pulsed 2.0 GeV proton beam generated in the linear accelerator (LINAC) for releasing high-energy neutrons in the ESS target station. The 2K superconducting linac comprises 13 spoke and 30 elliptical cryomodules. The cryogenic distribution system (CDS) connects the cryogenic plant with the 43 cryomodules...
RAON (Rare isotope Accelerator complex for ON-line experiments) heavy ion accelerator can accelerate heavy ions with the superconducting cavities. Since superconducting cavities require superconductivity to accelerate ions, the cryogenic system has been developed and tested for cryogenic cooling and stable cryogenic environment (4 K, 2 K) of the cavities. Second full cool down of SCL3, one of...
Korean heavy ion accelerator (RAON) consists of two superconducting linear accelerators of which names are SCL3 and SCL2, respectively. We finished the first cool-down and the first beam commissioning of whole SCL3 section in 2023. In 2024, we conducted second cool-down of the SCL3. We successfully finished the second cool-down from ambient temperature to 4.5 K and 2.05 K for whole SCL3...
SLAC commissioned a continuous-wave superconducting linear accelerator (CW SCRF Linac) in 2023 to support its new Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS-II). To refrigerate the Linac, SLAC has installed two helium cryoplants, each boasting a cooling capacity of 4 kW at 2.0 K. By 2023, SLAC completed the commissioning of both cryoplants. One cryoplant is currently supporting LCLS-II, while the other...
The first step of the Future Circular Collider (FCC), under study in the framework of an international collaboration led by CERN, features a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), optimised to study with high precision the Z, W, Higgs and top particles over a period of about 15 years starting from 2047.
Beams of electrons and positrons will have to be accelerated over...
