Conveners
Section 3. Modern nuclear physics methods and technologies
- Vladimir Zherebchevsky (St. Petersburg State University)
Section 3. Modern nuclear physics methods and technologies
- Dmitrii Nesterov (St Petersburg State University (RU))
Section 3. Modern nuclear physics methods and technologies
- Vitalii Petrov (St Petersburg State University (RU))
Section 3. Modern nuclear physics methods and technologies
- Tatiana Lazareva (St Petersburg State University (RU))
In modern high energy physics and elementary particle physics experimental research, one of the important problems is connected with the study of the yields of the hadrons containing heavy quarks. These hadrons practically do not interact (low interaction cross sections) with the nuclear medium and, therefore can provide undistorted information about the states of nuclear matter arising in the...
A cylindrical electromagnetic calorimeter with a length of 6 m and an inner (outer) diameter of 3.45 (4.6) m, composed of 38400 trapezoidal towers with a base of 4x4 cm2 and a length of 40 cm, is created to operate as part of the MPD detector of the NICA project. “Shashlyk” technology was used for tower development with 210 alternating layers of lead and a scintillator 0.3 and 1.5 mm thick,...
Cross section measurements in hadronic collisions are crucial to the physics program of ALICE. These measurements require a precise knowledge of the luminosity delivered by the LHC. Luminosity determination in ALICE is based on the measurement of visible cross sections in dedicated calibration sessions, the van der Meer (vdM) scans. By combining information from the ALICE detectors and the LHC...
New experiments are being planned at the NICA collider beams aimed to explore the properties of high-density baryonic matter formed in heavy-ion collisions with energies up to $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=11$ GeV. With the aim of selecting the collision events of interest, it was proposed in [1] to develop a fast beam-beam collision monitor (FBBC) system, which would be capable to determine the time and...
The purpose of the BM@N experiment at NICA accelerator complex in Joint institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russia) is study of heavy-ion collisions with fixed targets. Successful study requires efficient algorithms of event reconstruction and particle identification using data from the detector subsystems of the facility as well as its efficient and high-performance software implementation...
Evaluation of the impact parameter in a single event is crucial for correct and efficient data processing in collision-based nuclear and particle physics experiments. Real-time estimates of the impact parameter allows experimentalists to preselect the most informative events at the data acquisition stage, before any processing. Here we consider a number of model setups to check whether a...
The High Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer (HADES) is a fixed target experiment which explores the properties of hadronic matter in collisions of pions, protons and nuclei at beam energies 1-2 AGeV. Currently the HADES experiment operates at the SIS18 accelerator in GSI, Darmstadt. When the SIS100 accelerator is built, HADES will be the first experiment in FAIR Phase-0 project.
In order to...
A key role for charged particles tracking in modern high energy physics experiments, belongs to the central vertex detectors surrounding the interaction point. With these detectors, it can be possible to investigate heavy-flavour particle (registering of the particles containing c and b quarks) physics and investigate the space-time evolution of strongly interacting matter so-called...
In the report the complex study of the multiware proportional chamber cathodes surface that had worked under continuous radiation exposure conditions at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiment was performed. At the areas where the spontaneous self-supporting electron emission effect (Malter-effect – ME) was observed and where there was no effect, the cathode surface was investigated. For the...
Analyzing power of the quasi-elastic proton-proton scattering was obtained using a polarized deuteron beam and a polyethylene target at the Nuclotron Internal Target Station. The selection of useful events was performed using time and amplitude information from scintillation counters. The asymmetry on hydrogen was obtained by the carbon background subtraction. The analyzing power values were...
Terekhin A.A.1, Ladygin V.P.1, Piyadin S.M.1, Khrenov A.N.1, Isupov A.Y.1, Reznikov S.G.1, Gurchin Y.V.1, Janek M.2, Tishevsky A. V. 1, Volkov I. S.
1 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia;
2 Physics Department, University of Zilina, Zilina, Slovakia;
E-mail: aterekhin@jinr.ru
The polarimeter upgrade program at the Nuclotron for the experiments at the internal target...
The Multipurpose Detector (MPD) of the NICA complex at JINR will include an Inner Tracking System (ITS) which is a vertex detector meant to complement the Time Projection Chamber of the MPD for the precise tracking, momentum determination and vertex reconstruction for hyperons ($\Lambda$, $\Xi$, $\Omega$) and D-mesons. It will be placed inside the bore of the TPC and it will be composed of 5...
The BM@N (Baryonic Matter at the Nuclotron) is a fixed target experiment at the NICA (Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility). The first physics runs were carried out with the collection of experimental data in 2018. One of the important problems of the experiment is particles identification. This paper discusses the implemented identification algorithms based on the separation of charged...
The electromagnetic calorimeter (ECal) is an integral part of the MPD experiment and designed to measure the energy and coordinates of photons and electrons as a manifestations of the nuclear matter properties. ECAL has a segmented structure and consists of 2.400 modules, everyone has 16 cells (towers). Each tower is assembled from 210 layers, which is a set of alternating lead and...
The Beam Beam Counter of the Spin Physics Detector at NICA is proposed for local polarimetry and luminosity monitoring. The main option of the Beam Beam Counter is the scintillation tiles with SiPM readout. The work presents the results for studies the scintillation detector prototypes using two developed options of the front-end electronics. The estimation of time resolution using the...
Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron (BM@N) is a fixed target experiment at the NICA accelerator complex (JINR) aiming at studies of nuclear matter in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The outer tracking system for the BM@N heavy ion beam program is based on Cathode Strip Chambers. The outer tracker will be installed downstream the analyzing magnet to precise parameters of tracks, obtained in central...
BM@N experiment at NICA in Dubna is currently being upgraded for the study of dense nuclear matter in heavy-ion collisions. One of the major upgrades is a new hybrid tracking system consisting of large-area Silicon Tracking System (STS) and seven GEM planes. The STS contains four tracking stations equipped with double-sided micro-strip silicon sensors of CBM-type. To collect data from 600 000...
The directional sensitivity of two coordinate neutron detector based on 3-$\mu$ m $^{10}$B layer and a wire chamber was studied [1]. In the experiment, the detection of scattered neutrons by the detector was found to be suppressed in comparison with the data from the helium-3 tube counter in the experimental area.
A simulation shows that this phenomena can be explained by two factors acting...
α-induced neutron reactions can result in a neutron yield important for fabrication/storage of nuclear reactor fuel and low background neutron applications. α-emitters in the actinide mass region have different half-lives and thus represent a steady and long-term α-flux [1, 2]. The neutron production yield of (α,xn) reactions vary rapidly in response to the incident α energy and should be...
Precision experimental data on the differential cross sections for the interaction of fast neutrons with nuclei are in demand in both applied and fundamental research.
In 70-90 years these reactions were intensively studied, especially in the range of neutron energies En=$13-15 \mathrm{MeV}$, obtained by the reaction $\mathrm{T}+\mathrm{d} \rightarrow \mathrm{n}+\alpha$. However, the errors...
The array of 8 CeBr3–NaI(Tl) phoswich detectors coupled to 6-12 CsI(Tl) MULTI 4π γ-spectrometer (Fig.1 Left) of MULTI [1-3] setup was designed at FLNR JINR for studying reaction cross sections with neutron-rich nuclei [4, 5]. The array of 9 CeBr3–NaI(Tl) phoswich detectors (Fig.1 Right) can be used as PARIS cluster [6] for study of β-decay process accompanied by γ-rays from high-lying...
The Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) project is one of the most prestigious research infrastructures in the world due to its unique state-of-the art equipment, the facility will deliver the most brilliant high-energy gamma beams in the world, with unprecedented bandwidth and spectral density[1]. The multi-detector array (ELIADE – ELI-NP Array of DEtectors) is the...
A Penning trap is a powerful device for measuring properties of ions and subatomic particles. Presently it can reach the highest accuracy in the determination of the mass of a nuclide. The typical Penning-trap system for on-line mass measurements requires two dedicated traps. The first trap – preparation trap (PT) – serves for the purification and cooling of the captured ions via the...
At present, various neutrino applications are widely discussed through the community. One such topic is the use of neutrinos for nuclear nonproliferation and reactor monitoring. Industrial detector of reactor antineutrinos for monitoring (IDREAM) is the prototype detector, developed for antineutrinos registration from the reactor core through the inverse beta decay process. Neutrino target...
JUNO is a 20 kt liquid scintillator detector under construction in Jiangmen, China, whose primary goal is to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. Its construction is expected to be finished in 2022. To meet the stringent requirements on the radiopurity of the liquid scintillator, 10$^{-16}$ g/g of $^{238}$U and $^{232}$Th, the OSIRIS (Online Scintillator Internal Radioactivity Investigation...
Now, there are many works on the theory of scintillation spectrometers, which offer different formulae for the energy resolution of scintillation spectrometers, sometimes contradicting each other. The terms included in the formulae for the energy resolution differ not only in their names but also in the physical meaning of the processes they take into account. The main drawback of all existing...
An analytical approach based on the birth-and-death model for description of the neutron and neutron-multiplying medium interaction process is presented in this work. It is called physical birth-and-death model [1]. Mathematical expressions of the multiplying medium main characteristics, reactivity ρ and average particles number at the time M(t), are given. These characteristics are estimated...
NEUTRON FLUX ESTIMATION IN THE SPALATION EXPERIMENT AT THE PNPI
SYNCHROTRON
Authors: Alekseev I. E., Belov S. E., Ershov K. V.
The synchrotron, as a source of neutrons, has a number of advantages, in particular, the presence of a starting time mark. The high energy spectrum, up to energies of 1 GeV may be an advantage for measuring the cross-section of reactions with neutrons. The...
The experiment directed to the study of a new carbon nanomaterials application was performed on the U-400M heavy ion beam at MASHA facility, FLNR, JINR. In the present speech a new technical improvements will be discussed such as usage of thin carbon nanotubes paper (thickness 6.4 mg/cm2) and graphene (thickness 1.1 mg/cm2) in the hot solid catcher block unit. The main goal of the experiment...
At the MAVR installation In the focal plane, it is supposed to measure the correlation of alpha particles in coincidence with the cold core of the super-heavy element residue. The focal plane allows simultaneous detection of alpha particles with a certain energy in coincidence with the cold core residue, which are focused in different places of the focal plane, but at the same magnetic field...
It is important to choose structural materials for its parts when creating neutron detector. We demonstrate advantages of gas detector over other detector types and we consider advantages and disadvantages of isotopes $^3$He, $^7$Li and $^10$B as converting. Difference between the operation of gas-filled detectors and detectors based on solid layer is also considered. Scattering of neutrons...
By the use of 57Co impurity atoms as structure-sensitive physico-chemical probes and X-ray Diffraction method, post-effects of critical radiation-induced effects have been studied that resulted from irradiation of metal tantalum with charged particles.
The small (less than 0.2 µm) thickness of surface layers of samples doped with 57Co atoms enabled the direct radiation damage of Ta crystal...
This work reports studies of fuel fallouts from bottom sediments of the Chernobyl NPP cooling pond. We took samples to a 30 cm depth at cooling pond different locations for gamma spectrometrical and radiochemical study. The measurement results show that over 80% of the radionuclide activity is located at a depth of 10-20 cm. The Am-241 activity is 6-8% compared to Cs-137, while in usual...
PSA method (pulse shaping analyze) widely used in nuclear physics experiments and radiation detection [1]. This method was first proposed in 1963 (S. Barlini), but is still being developed by many scientists. A wide variety of pulse features have been extracted to realize this method. Many ways to implement the PSA method have been proposed, mainly to determine the type of particle (for...
In particle physics experiments one of the most important parameter is the large center of mass energy available for the production of new effects. The higher energies achived by accelerators is not the only parameters for new physics but also the number of useful interactions (events) is very important parameter to be measured and it is called luminosity which is...
The catalytic properties of zeolites have been known since the late fifties of the twentieth century. Zeolites are crystalline substances with developed porosity. A number of work was devoted to formation and transformation of petroleum hydrocarbons in porous system [1-3]. The theory of the abiogenic deep origin of hydrocarbons recognizes that the petroleum is a primordial material of deep...
Crude oil is naturally occurring oil generated by geological and geochemical processes. Each type of crude oil or petroleum product has unique characteristics or properties [1]. These properties influence how petroleum will behave when it is exposed by gamma-rays with and without catalyst. The process of crude oil’s hydrocarbon’s radiolysis is complicated [2]. Over the past decade, it has...
The modern development of experimental technology makes it possible to create facilities and carry out measurements using the method of labeled atoms (registration of each event). This is especially important when working both on primary beams of heavy ions and on beams of radioactive nuclei. For this reason, it is advisable to use precision position-sensitive detectors that allow extracting...
