Details of the specification for the recent call for tender for 10 x 110 kW SSA at 352 MHz for the ESRF will be presented. They address a number of issues that were discovered in the course of the first procurement ever of 1 MW of SSA from industry, more than 10 years ago, and which we translated into special requirements for our 2021 specification. They are particular to a setup without high...
It took a decade to develop the 500-MHz module for the Solid State Power Amplifier (SSPA) in NSRRC. Performance of a single module was gradually improved to reach a steady output power of 960W by using the RF chip IC-BLF578XR. Heat dissipation unit and high-efficiency power supply are key issues in improving integral performance (49.5% RF power) of the single module. A 110-module SSPA tower...
The National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) Storage Ring was originally commissioned in 2014 with two 310 kW CW Klystron transmitters supplying their respective cavities with RF power. Late in 2017 the process of procuring a third RF 310 kW CW transmitter for the Storage Ring was started. Proposals from multiple vendors offering both Klystron and Solid-State Amplifier (SSA) solutions...
A solid state LDMOS FET based RF High Power Amplifier (HPA) with 60 kW CW RF output power , operating at 500 MHz, with a power gain ~ 80 dB is being designed and manufactured for the Accumulator Ring (AR) RF cavity in the ALS-U project at LBNL, through a joint effort with a commercial company, R&K. This paper presents the highlights of the important initial planning, installation site space...
The 4th Generation storage Ring (4GSR) as the second synchrotron light source in Korea was launched from 2021. The 4GSR is designed to be one of the world's best performance with a beam energy of 4 GeV / 400mA. Therefore the RF system is studied and designed with solid-state power amplifiers (SSPA) which are effective RF sources instead of tubes due to the broad studies and applications in the...
The heavy-ion accelerator of the Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP) in Korea has been developed. There are three types of SRF cavity, which are 81.25MHz quarter-wave resonator (QWR), 162.5MHz half-wave resonator (HWR), 325MHz single-spoke resonator (SSR). There are 22 QWRs and 102 HWRs in the superconducting linac#3 (SCL3), and 69 SSR1s and 144 SSR2s in the superconducting linac#2 (SCL2). The...
ESS will ultimately need 155 high power RF systems to deliver 5 MW of power to the proton beam. The first phase will consist of 91 systems which are currently being installed and tested, with the first systems already in operation to support cavity conditioning and beam operation. This talk will introduce the high level RF system design, key technologies, our strategy for installation, test...
Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI) designed and developed a high stability modulator system for a commercial linear accelerator application. The DTI modulator delivers significant advantages in klystron performance through highly reliable functionality as well as flicker- and droop-free operation from 50-500 μs up to 400 Hz (duty limited). The main assemblies on the DTI system consist of a...
R&K Company Limited has achieved technological success in the fields of accelerators, mobile communications, plasma, EMC, and NMR/MRI. R&K's most differential feature is that it is a group of craftsmen and a manufacturing organization that values results obtained through actual trial and error.
By carefully adjusting the latest technology based on these experiences and achievements, R&K has...
Cryoelectras 3rd generation of solid-state RF amplifiers (SSA) for synchrotron applications is presented in the frame of a poster. The SSA delivers up to 160 kW cw RF output power at 500 MHz. The amplifier is of industrial design regarding space and maintenance requirements. Together with its redundant architecture this allows for a 24/7 operation.
The output power of the amplifier is...
Rough overview of how PETRA-IV will look like
What are the plans for the HF systems
Fundamental-system: SSA-HOM-damped cavity
Harmonic system: SSA- HOM-damped cavity
Alternative ideas for a 3rd harmonic cavity
SCK CEN (Studiecentrum voor kernenergie or Centre d'étude de l'énergie nucléaire) is building MINERVA on views of MYRRHA, an ADS (Accelerator Driving System) which will eventually enable transmutation of nuclear waste but also fundamental research.
MINERVA LINAC will accelerate a proton beam current of 4mA@100 MeV in CW. The front-end will be composed by an injector with 20 NCRF (Normal...
ESS is installing and testing the RF distribution systems including waveguide and coaxial components, circulators, RF loads for up to 155 high power RF systems; > 5000 RFDS components. This talk will present the early quality issues, waveguide tuning and how they were resolved. RFDS components are often considered trivial however, the initial high power operation revealed a number of serious...
ESS is deploying a number of different arc detector systems to protect the RF and distribution systems. ESS are currently installing and testing three different systems. The initial installation and early batches were based on commercial systems but we will also present the test results, motivation and performance parameters of the more recent arc detectors constructed at ESS. Early high power...
In a steady-state nuclear fusion reactor of the tokamak type, high-power CW RF systems are envisaged, among other systems, to heat the plasma up to the required temperatures of 10-20 keV and to drive a non-inductive plasma-current which is required for the plasma confinement. This paper overviews the so-called Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) system of the International Thermonuclear...
With a heritage of more than 50 years AFT is a leading designer and manufacturer of high-performance ferrite-based microwave components and subsystems. The high-power product range includes microwave ferrites, circulators, isolators, loads, fast ferrite tuners and power variators for scientific particle accelerators, medical and industrial LINACs as well as for radar systems.
Isolators...
Multiport RFQ of several projects are powered by complex systems with several LLRF in master-slave configuration. No body seems promoting the architecture of parallel chains simply combined into the cavity, though this is commonly used in RF commercial amplifiers. The presentation aims at rising a discussion on the reasons of these complex architectures.
The Proton Power Upgrade (PPU) project at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) will double the available H- beam power from 1.4 to 2.8 MW by increasing the beam energy from 1.0 to 1.3 GeV and the beam current from 26 to 38 mA. The increase in beam current and energy drove the design decisions made for both the Normal Conducting Linac (NCL) and Superconducting Linac (SCL) Radio-frequency Systems...
The challenges faced in keeping the Advanced Photon Source 350MHz rf systems reliable will be discussed. This includes klystron performance and problems, troublesome intermittent fault conditions, HVPS system failures, and the effects ac power outages have on 27-year-old equipment.
FLASH is a free electron laser driven by a superconducting linear accelerator. During the last shutdown for the FLASH2020+ upgrade several modifications have been made to the HPRF system. Two European XFEL type superconducting accelerator cryomodules with tailored RF power waveguide distribution have replaced two old lower performance modules. Another two old accelerator modules have been...
The Advanced Light Source (ALS) has completed an upgrade on its storage ring RF system, which enabled various RF drive modes that can deliver up to 320kW power into two RF cavities through a motorized waveguide matrix. The system incorporates two 300kW klystrons, both are powered by -52.5 kV DC voltage via a fast-disconnect switch network, and are driven by a digital low-level RF control...
In the SOLEIL storage ring, two cryomodules provide to the electron beam an accelerating voltage of 3-4 MV and a power of 575 kW at 352 MHz. Each cryomodule contains a pair of “HOM free” superconducting cavities, cooled with liquid Helium at 4.5 K, which is supplied by a single 350 W cryogenic plant. The RF power is provided by four solid state amplifiers (SSA), each delivering up to 180 kW....
The NSLS-II light source has been operating since 2015 with two 500 MHz Superconducting cavities fed by Klystron based amplifiers providing in up to 1.8 MV of accelerating gradient and up to 310kW of RF power per system. A third 500 MHz system project was completed and installed in 2021 consisting of a superconducting cavity assembled in-house and a 320 kW cavity combined Solid State amplifier...
A solid state amplifier family has been developed to provide 30kW pulsed at 352 MHz for each of the three buncher cavities of the ESS proton linac. The presentation will give an overview of the amplifiers, with a focus on the installation and tests carried out. The amplifiers are now in operation having been used initially for cavity conditioning and recently for early operation with beam....
14 years of LHC operation 300kW/400MHz klystrons
5 years of Linac4 operation a mix od recuperated LEP klystrons and new klystrons 1MW/352MHz
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The European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world’s most powerful pulsed neutron source by the end of the decade, which will accelerate a beam of protons with a beam current 62.5 mA to 2 GeV. The beam pulse width is 2.86 ms long and pulse repetition frequency is 14 Hz. The acceleration will be provided by 155 cavities, out of which 97 % of the cavities are superconducting.
The first...
We present the status of the RF upgrade of the SLS2.
We will describe the progress in different areas of the SLS2 accelerator complex concentrating on the RF infrastructure.
The chronology of the upgrade including the commissioning of components is also presented.
Elettra has delivered 27 Radio Frequency Power Station (RFPS) - 400 kW 352 MHz Amplifiers - to the European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS ERIC) in an In-Kind (IK) collaboration frame. These RFPSs, 26 equivalent units plus 1 spare unit, will feed the Spoke cavity section of the proton Linac. The RFPS is a custom made machine. Its manufacturing has been awarded to European Science Solutions Srl...
Operational and design aspects of solid state amplifiers, covering, but not limited to e.g. the bandwidth, linearity vs. efficiency, sensitivity to reflected power, paralleling and combination, heat extraction, life time vs. working point.
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