The superconducting magnets are an essential part of large particle accelerators. The superconductors used in winding the coils of these magnets are characterized by the critical surface determined by three parameters: the critical temperature (Tc), the critical current density (Jc) and the critical magnetic field (Bc). The energy deposited in the superconductors by the particles lost from the...
A-formulation is the basic approach for solving electromagnetic problems using FEM. Utilizing time derivatives of vector potential allows computing of the critical current density distribution in agreement with the critical state model. Previously, such superconductor’s representation in 2D delivered results in AC losses estimation for single wires, cables and coils with good agreement with...
Roebel cables assembled with HTS tapes are a promising technology for several AC and DC applications. The continuous transposition of strands, the ability to efficiently redistribute current, combined with the capability of REBCO tapes to operate at high magnetic fields allow Roebel-based devices to carry large transport currents with reduced AC losses. These features make them suitable for...
High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) are promising materials for future fusion magnets as they allow operating magnets at higher fields and/or higher temperatures and can offer significantly higher temperature margins compared to state-of-the-art low-temperature-superconductor solutions.
The high critical temperature results on the other hand in drastically different behavior of the...
The FAIR Project – a new international Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research is under construction in Darmstadt, Germany. The core machine at FAIR is the SIS100 synchrotron which utilises superconducting magnets in order to guide the heavy ion beam. The bending component of the magnetic field is generated by superferric window-frame dipole magnets symmetrically distributed over the six arc...
The numerical simulation tools are of paramount importance in the ongoing design process of future fusion reactors like, e.g., the Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility or the European demonstrator (EU DEMO). The application of such tools in predictive mode allows to assess the performance of the different sub-systems, giving important feedbacks to the designers.
Concerning the superconducting...
High temperature superconductors are a promising technology for future particle-physics accelerator magnets. They can help in overcoming the limitations and constraints in today’s high-energy particle accelerators by allowing for higher magnetic fields. At the same time, accelerator magnets need to meet stringent requirements in terms of magnetic field quality. Superconductors made of HTS...
The placement ferromagnetic strip [1] or ferroelectric strip tuned electrostatically on the top of superconducting strip brings the possibility of obtaining the programmable matter. Such structures can be used for the construction of microelectronics elements. Also they can be used for quantum superconducting circuits. In this work the RCSJ model is used for the simulation of superconducting...
Mathematical models used in thermal-hydraulic analyses of superconducting cables, cooled by forced flow supercritical He (SHe), used in fusion technology, are typically 1D, and they require reliable predictive constitutive relations which characterize mass, momentum and energy transfer between different cable components. Momentum transfer is described in terms of friction factor correlations,...
A 50 kA REBCO cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) based on the Twisted-Stacked-Tape-cable (TSTC) concept is being developed in Swiss Plasma Center (SPC) for DEMO central solenoid. The conductor contains 12 or 13 strands, which is composed of a soldered stack of REBCO tapes encased with copper profile, and a copper core in center.
In this paper, a multi-strand model is implemented in THEA code to...
New high-field accelerator magnets based on Nb3Sn are pushing the boundaries of magnet design and quench protection towards new limits. Their large stored energies and current densities result in a very challenging scenario for magnet protection. Furthermore, the strain sensitivity of Nb3Sn cables turns the electro-mechanical limits of the conductor into a parameter of the highest importance....
Computer models of superconducting transformers allow for optimal selection and construction, as well as for performing numerical tests, at a time when the performance of laboratory experiments is difficult and would lead to the destruction of the transformer.
The study shows computer models of single-phase transformers with the power of 21 MVA: a conventional one with copper windings and a...
Hollow electron lens systems are proposed for the depletion of particles in the halo of proton beams of modern high-energy accelerators such as the High-Luminosity upgrade of the LHC. The system allows for actively regulating the diffusion speed of particles as a complement to standard collimation systems already operating in today’s particle accelerators. The High-Luminosity upgrade aims at...
Pulsating Heat Pipes (PHP) are excellent heat transfer devices, constituting the thermal link between a cold sink and an object to cool. The interest for developing cryogenic pulsating heat pipes to cool superconducting magnets is growing because of their lightness and high thermal performance. A numerical model has been developed using the Navier-Stokes solver from ANSYS Fluent software to...
Current models used for thermal–hydraulic analyses of forced-flow superconducting cables, used in the fusion technology, such as, e.g. Cable-in-Conduit Conductors (CICCs), are typically 1-D. They require reliable predictive expressions for the transverse mass-, momentum- and energy transfer processes between different cable components, in order to reliably simulate the behavior of any...
Large amount of steel will be used in the cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) made of high temperature superconducting (HTS) REBCO tapes for European DEMO central solenoid (CS), to withstand the huge Lorenz force during operation. The maximum cross section of steel in the REBCO conductor is 2588 mm2, which is about 3 times of the total cross section of cable and helium. Consequently, heat...
The High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) foresees the installation of Nb3Sn based dipoles (11T Dipole) and quadrupoles (MQXF) at select points of the accelerator. In contrast to the presently used NbTi non-impregnated coils, the fully impregnated Nb3Sn coils will have a significantly different heat extraction performance in response to deposited loads. The precise...
The commercial finite element software ANSYS is widely used for mechanical, thermal, and magnetic modeling of superconducting magnets. This software includes the capability for users to create their own element type by writing the code which defines the element's properties and method by which the finite element matrices are generated. After compiling a custom ANSYS executable, all other...
