KF, CKF, GBL, MillePede, and it goes on ... . Do you feel a bit lost in all the acronyms? Not sure what it all means? Fear not, this handy introduction will safely guide you through the world of particle tracking.
Tracking detectors are at the core of most particle physics experiments. Consequently, efficient and precise particle tracking becomes an important step during reconstruction....
Sometimes we forget about the importance of knowing well some basic principles in Physics, like the gamma-ray interaction and detection. And gamma-ray detection is a key factor in Nuclear Physics experiments, since most of the nuclear excited states produced in a nuclear reaction decay fast with gamma emission, and emitted photons can have energies from a few keV up to tens to MeV. Thus, it is...
Beamline for Schools (BL4S) is a competition in particle physics for high school students from all around the globe. Each participating team proposes a fixed target experiment that can be performed at the available test beam facilities, making use of the available infrastructure and detectors. The first prize in this competition, awarded to two teams, is a trip to a renowned research...
MedAustron is a synchrotron based particle therapy centre located in Wiener
Neustadt, close to the capital of Austria. At MedAustron, proton beams with
energies up to 252.7 MeV are used for cancer treatment. The facility also fea-
tures an unique beam line exclusively for non-clincial research. This research
beam line is also commissioned for even higher proton energies of up to 800...
The IPHC (Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien) has installed a specific beam line for tests and irradiation of detectors with the 25 MeV proton beam of the cyclotron CYRCé. The beam line is composed of standard beam line elements like quadrupoles and steerers and contains several beam diagnostic instruments. The beam leaves the vacuum chamber through a thin Al window, just in front of...
Corryvreckan is a modular test beam data reconstruction and analysis framework developed within the CLICdp collaboration. Its modular structure allows for a separation between the framework core and the implementation of the algorithms in each module. This allows users to ‘plug-in’ the wanted modules and configure their parameters easily from one configuration file. The software is written in...
An example of a successful integration in the eudaq2 environment of a readout board developed and used at the joint CMS-TOTEM Precision Proton Spectrometer (PPS) along LHC Run 2 is presented. It allows to perform an online event matching between the DUT signals, digitised with a sampler chip (SAMPIC), and the EUDET telescope. To assess the activity of the system during the tests of this new...
Developing a new silicon detector requires significant effort for preparing the readout hardware and software for the prototype to be operated in the laboratory and test beams. The aim of the Caribou DAQ system is to significantly reduce the manpower and cost of developing such a system from scratch for every new chip. By utilizing modern system-on-chip (SoC) platforms, it combines...
CERN’s accelerator complex offers a great variety of multi-purpose test beam facilities. In this presentation, the multiple possibilities of various beams in North and East experimental areas are presented. Different particle beams with momenta from 0.5 GeV/c to 400GeV/c at intensities up to 10^7 particles per extraction are available. We present the numerous services that we provide to test...
During the first run (2015-2018), the Proton Irradiation Facility (IRRAD) in the PS East Area, and the Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++) in the SPS North Area at CERN provided an essential service for performing irradiation experiments on detector & accelerator elements, electronic components and materials.
In IRRAD, the primary 24 GeV/c proton beam of the PS is extracted to the T8 beamline...
The R&D challenges of the future CMS High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) necessitate validation with data of the various components, with fully controlled beam quality (in terms of momentum resolution and contamination). For this reason, test beams in the dedicated test-beam area of the H2 beam line of CERN’s North Area took place during the autumn of 2018. Different high-energy hadron and...
The DESY II Test Beam Facility was in operation from February to December in 2019 and will resume operation after the End-of-the-Year-Shutdown in February 2020. In this contribution, a review over the test beam period in 2019 and an outlook on the upcoming season 2020 will be given. Furthermore, the current status and plans for the near and far future of the DESY II Test Beam Facility will be...
Irradiation and test beam facilities are used for detector R&D and more specifically for performing experiments about radiation hardness characterization and testing of detectors’ performance, respectively. The availability of these facilities and the choice of the most suitable one for a given experiment is an important factor that may affect the quality of the experiment itself, its result...
Scope of the Tutorial
This tutorial will provide an insight into different functionalities of the Allpix Squared simulation framework. We will not start from zero, and some prior knowledge is required, i.e. the participants should be familiar with the very basic concepts of the framework (how to configure a simulation, how to set up the detector geometry...).
We will look into using...
Test-beam time is always limited. The tutorial will introduce the key features to optimally use your test-beam time with the DESY telescopes and the AIDA-TLU., which offers different modes of operation to match to your DAQ requirements. The tutorial consists of three parts:
In the beginning, the required software packages are introduced and installed.
In the second step we will discuss...
Corryvreckan is a modular test beam data reconstruction and analysis framework developed within the CLICdp collaboration. Its modular structure allows for a separation between the framework core and the implementation of the algorithms in each module. This allows users to ‘plug-in’ the wanted modules and configure their parameters easily from one configuration file.
This 2.5h tutorial will...
Scope of the tutorial
In this tutorial, the participant will learn how to reconstruct particle tracks of the EUDET-type telescopes with the EUTelescope framework. EUTelescope has many functionalities to reconstruct your taken testbeam data step by step. After converting the raw data (interface to EUDAQ), it is possible to cluster event entries and form hits on the telescope...
A muon collider could provide scattering at the multi-TeV centre of mass energy characteristic of a hadron-hadron machine in the clean experimental environment typical of an electron-positron one, allowing for a consolidation of the present knowledge of the Standard Model and for the search of new physics. The Low EMittance Muon Accelerator (LEMMA) scheme has been recently proposed: low...
The Analogue Hadron Calorimeter (AHCAL) developed by the CALICE collaboration is a scalable engineering prototype for a Linear Collider detector. It is a sampling calorimeter of steel absorber plates and 3$*$3 cm$^2$ plastic scintillator tiles read out by silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) as active material (SiPM-on-tile). The front-end chips are integrated into the active layers of the...
For the experimental setup at the 25MeV proton test beam facility in Strasbourg a reference telescope has been assembled. Four CMS Pixel-Phase-1 modules have been used to build two reference planes in front and behind the detector under test (DUT), each plane consisting of two modules mounted side by side with a small overlap of about one millimetre. The pixel modules are read out by an...
The CHROMini telescope has been assembled at the 25 MeV proton test beam facility at IPHC-Strasbourg, consisting of two reference planes placed in front and behind the DUT (Detector Under Test), respectively, with each plane consisting of two CMS Pixel Phase-1 silicon modules. In this talk the development of a standalone Geant4 simulation, which was used to verify the design of the telescope...
The EUDET-telescopes are an extremely successful set of tracking telescopes
based on the mimosa26 sensors providing unprecedented tracking resolution
for test beams. With more than ten years of stable running, the telescopes are
about to reach their lifetime and need to be replaced/upgraded.
Midterm solutions are already implemented allowing us to look into novel sensor
technologies to...
As part of the HL-LHC detector upgrade programme, the CMS experiment is developing a High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) to replace the existing endcap calorimeters. The HGCAL will be realised as a sampling calorimeter, including 36 layers of silicon pads and 14 layers combining both silicon and scintillator detectors interspersed with metal absorber plates. Prototype modules based on 6-inch...
LHC Run-II finished at the end of 2018 after operating since 2015. During this time the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) has been performing tremendously under very challenging conditions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and a bunch-spacing of 25 ns. The environment will be even more challenging for the ECAL after the the High-Luminosity upgrade of the...
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Phase II upgrade aims to increase the accelerator instantaneous luminosity by a factor of 10. Due to the expected higher radiation levels, aging of the current electronics and to provide the capability of coping with longer latencies of up to 35 µs needed by the trigger system at such high pileup levels, a new readout system of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter...
Three spare modules of the ATLAS tile calorimeter were exposed to test beams of pions, kaons and protons from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) accelerator at CERN in 2017.
The measurements of the energy response and resolution of the detector to pions, kaons and protons with energy in the range 16 to 30 GeV are reported.
The characterization of the response of the ATLAS calorimeter to...
The Beamline for Schools (BL4S) competition is a worldwide competition targeted at teams of high school students. The winning teams are invited to travel to a research institute and perform their proposed experiments in a real test beam setup. The first five years the experiments were performed at CERN, but in 2019, due to the ongoing shutdown at CERN, the experiments were performed at the...
By winning the international contest Beamline for Schools, we, a team of six high school students, got the opportunity to conduct our own experiment at the DESY II Test Beam Facility in October 2019. In the experiment we searched for a difference between the electron and positron, concerning the development of electromagnetic particle showers. To measure the spatial evolution of particle...
The expected increase of the particle flux at the high luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC) with instantaneous luminosities up to L ≃ 7.5×1034 cm−2 s-1 will have a severe impact on the ATLAS detector performance. The pile-up is expected to increase on average to 200 interactions per bunch crossing. The reconstruction and trigger performance for electrons, photons as well as jets and transverse...
Over the past decade, proton and ion-beam therapy has become an established form of cancer treatment. Currently, the achievable precision of this therapy is limited by uncertainties due to treatment planning based on conventional photon imaging. A significant effort is therefore invested into the development of proton or ion imaging modalities. A typical apparatus for such applications...
Sensors based on ultrapure single crystal CVD diamonds have been operated in the Precision Proton Spectrometer (PPS) of the CMS experiment during the LHC Run 2 (2016-2018). Such sensors were used for the timing system of PPS and were hosted in the Roman Pots (RPs), movable devices allowing to bring the hosted detector inside the LHC beam pipe, at few millimeters from the beams. The sensors...
The operation of the proton linear accelerator for multipurpose application started from 2013 at Korea Multipurpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) at Gyeongju, Republic of Korea. They supply two energy of proton beams to users, one for 20 MeV and the other for 100 MeV proton beam for various applications with the energy range from 20 to 100 MeV by degraders.
We tested several scintillators...
Test-beam time is always limited. The tutorial will introduce the key features to optimally use your test-beam time with the DESY telescopes and the AIDA-TLU., which offers different modes of operation to match to your DAQ requirements. The tutorial consists of three parts:
In the beginning, the required software packages are introduced and installed.
In the second step we will discuss...
Scope of the Tutorial
This tutorial will provide an insight into different functionalities of the Allpix Squared simulation framework. We will not start from zero, and some prior knowledge is required, i.e. the participants should be familiar with the very basic concepts of the framework (how to configure a simulation, how to set up the detector geometry...).
We will look into using...
Corryvreckan is a modular test beam data reconstruction and analysis framework developed within the CLICdp collaboration. Its modular structure allows for a separation between the framework core and the implementation of the algorithms in each module. This allows users to ‘plug-in’ the wanted modules and configure their parameters easily from one configuration file.
This 2.5h tutorial will...
The Mu3e experiment will search for the charged lepton flavor violating decay of an anti-muon into two positrons and an electron. Up to $10^9$ anti-muons per second will be stopped on a target, allowing to reach a sensitivity of $10^{-16}$. The reconstruction of the trajectories of the low-momentum decay particles requires an ultra-thin pixel detector with excellent momentum, vertex and time...
The High Luminosity upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) calls for new high-radiation tolerant silicon pixel sensors, capable of withstanding fluences up to 2.3E16 neq/cm2 (1MeV equivalent neutrons). In this presentation results obtained in beam test experiments with 3D pixel sensors interconnected with the RD53A readout chip are reported. RD53A is the first prototype in 65nm...
During the first Long Shutdown (LS1) of the LHC the Insertable B-Layer (IBL) was installed in the ATLAS experiment to improve the tracking performance. It is placed between the existing inner pixel layer and a new beam pipe. Because of the small distance to the interaction point, the planar and 3D sensors of the IBL are exposed to a high flux of ionizing radiation. The planar n$^+$-in-n pixel...
A key point in the design stage of a HEP tracking detector is to minimize the amount of material and therefore radiation lengths (X$_0$) associated with the detector. The values for simple and bare materials are available in tables, but more complex material compounds, such as adhesives or composite materials, are often not directly available and only estimations exist.
The method of...
The Mainz Microtron (MAMI) is an electron accelerator at the Institute for Nuclear Physics in Mainz, that provides beam energies of up to 1.6 GeV.
With its narrow beam profile, quasi continuous stream of particles and beam currents of up to 100 mA it is well suited for diverse test beam applications.
One of them is the high rate testing of detector prototypes.
In this talk recent beam...
After the upgrade of the LHC to the HL-LHC, the experiments will need to cope with new, more challenging conditions. The higher luminosity and particle flux of the HL-LHC will cause a higher occupancy and radiation dose. Therefore, a new tracking system for the ATLAS experiment is required: the Inner Tracker (ITk). It will consist of several types of silicon sensors. For the pixel detector...
In order to cope with the occupancy and radiation doses expected at the High-Luminosity LHC accelerator, the ATLAS experiment will replace its Inner Detector with an all-silicon Inner Tracker (ITk), consisting of pixel and strip subsystems. The strip subsystem will be built from modules, consisting of one n+-in-p silicon strip sensor, and one or two PCB hybrids containing the front-end...
