The modern medical method of nuclear visualization based on monoclonal antibodies, the new carriers of the radioactive label, is Immuno-PET. For its realization, it is necessary that the biological half-life of the molecule, the label carrier, coincides with the half-life of the radioactive isotope. The $^{89}$Zr isotope has optimal physical characteristics for Immuno-PET: it decays with a...
The beam hardening effect can induce strong artifacts in CT images, which leads to severe deterioration in image quality. This work develops an effective beam hardening correction algorithm using filtered back-projection based maximum a posteriori.
An x-ray tube emits a continuous spectrum, which gives rise to energy-dependent attenuation of different tissues. The spectrum is not known...
Currently, photon beams obtained from linear electron accelerators are used for radiation therapy. The most widely used bremsstrahlung is ones with a maximum energy of 6, 10, 15, 18, and 20 MeV. The main advantages of radiation therapy with high-energy photons (15, 18 and 20 MeV) are high penetrating ability, the ability to create a maximum dose at almost any depth of the tumor in the...
The main goal of the FOOT experiment is to provide nuclear cross section measurements necessary in two different fields: hadrontherapy and radioprotection in space.
In the last decade, a continuous increase in the number of cancer patients treated with Particle Therapy (PT) has been registered, due to its effectiveness in the treatment of deep-seated solid tumors [1]. When the charged...
As it has been demonstrated by the conducted experiments, the production of targeted radioactive pharmaceutical preparations (RPHs) that are based on alpha-emitters using the traditional approach (biologically active molecular constructs with a chelate, DOTA, that carries a radioactive tracer) is just a sort of scientific mystification: the recoil nuclei formed after such decay will destroy...
Radioisotopes of 227Ac and 227,228,229Th are basis of the radiochemical generators for production of alpha-emitters radium-223, radium-224, actinium-225 and bismuth-213. These generator radionuclides are used to produce radiopharmaceuticals and therefore their radiochemical purity has to be maintained high demands. For example, actinium-225 generator has to contain less than 1·10-3 % of each...
Taking into account the effect of Gd self-shielding in experiments with Magnevist on Gd NСT significantly improves the accuracy of determining the absorbed dose. As is known, collimated neutron beams are mainly used in NСT, therefore, the bulk of thermal neutrons fall from the front side and, at a high concentration of gadolinium, are absorbed by the front layers of gadolinium. In work [1],...
The nuclear physics methods are increasingly important in medicine for the early diagnosis of diseases. Nuclear medicine is of the most modern methods of non-invasive functional diagnostics, providing information that cannot be acquired with other imaging technologies. Its methods require advanced mathematics for data processing and analysis [1]. Development of mathematical methods and data...
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a well known imaging method of nuclear medicine, which allows obtaining tomographic images of the biodistribution of radiolabeled compounds, both throughout the patient’s body and in separate organs. At the same time, a small animal SPECT is currently a key tool in the development of new radiopharmaceuticals and to seek for methods for...
A system of three low threshold-energy ion-chambers, giving new possibilities
in proton beam monitoring and analyzing, is considered. The system includes a new double-gap chamber with the total gap of 1mm, with polyimid films of 3\,$\mu m$ thickness and with the sensitive area 113-\,$cm^2$ and two double-gap ion-chambers, each with the total gap of 2 mm. Ionization losses in each of six...
INVESTIGATION OF EXPOSURE OF EPITHERMAL NEUTRONS RADIATION ON THE SAMPLES OF TUMOR TISSUES AT Gd-NCT
Kulabdullaev G.A.1, Kim A.A.1, Abdullaeva G.A.1, Djuraeva G.T.1, Yuldashev D.O.1, Mavlyanov I.R.2, Kadyrbekov R.T.3, Kadyrbekov N.R.3, Beknazarov H.J.3
1 Institute of Nuclear Physics, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan,
2 Tashkent Medical Academy, Ministry of Health, Uzbekistan
3 Republican...
The authors proposed a development strategy for combined radiation methods for sterilization of bone implants in order to increase their effectiveness in clinical use [1]. The relevance of this work is determined by the ever-increasing need for plastic material during reconstructive operations in bioimplantology [2]. Recent works have confirmed the promise of combined sterilization methods...
Many different tumor-targeted strategies have been developed worldwide to limit the side effects and improve the effectiveness of cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, intensity modulated radiation therapy, biology-driven personalized radiotherapy, ion beam radiotherapy, target-alpha-therapy, high intensity focused ultrasound therapy, etc. Recent advances in nanotechnology have also given...
Charged particle therapy is a rapidly developing way for tumor treatment. During irradiation, the primary beam interacts with tissues nuclei results in the production of radioactive isotopes and secondary particles emission, e.g. electrons, gammas and neutrons. Estimation of the treatment effect of secondary radiation using only Monte Carlo is not precise and, depends on the type of radiation,...
Purpose: Evaluation The progressive prevalence, significant economic losses, the cost of compulsory health insurance and high-tech medical care have turned the problem of lumbar osteochondrosis into a socially significant issue. The relevance of this problem is dictated by the need to study the etiopathogenesis of the course of degenerative changes for an integrated approach when choosing an...
